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E3L : Journal of English Laguange Teaching, Linguistics and Literature
Published by Universitas Mulawarman
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25979442     DOI : https://doi.org/10.30872/e3l
Core Subject : Education,
Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media
E3L is a biennial journal by English Department Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Mulawarman University. Publication is on March and August. E3L covers any relevant issues of English Education, Linguistics, and Literature.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Bahasa dan Linguistik
Articles 79 Documents
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The Implementation of Project-Based Learning in English Class Academic Year 2019/2020 Mulawarman University Deny Ramadani; Effendi Limbong; Ida Wardani
E3L: Journal of English Teaching, Linguistic, and Literature Vol 4 No 2 (2021): September
Publisher : English Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Mulawarman University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (474.136 KB) | DOI: 10.30872/e3l.v4i2.1913

Abstract

This study focused on the PBL implementation in English teaching for students at English department. The purposes of this study were: (1) to know how Project based-learning (PBL) is implemented in English teaching; (2) to know the problems faced by the lecturer during the implementation of Project based-learning method in English teaching.This research was a type of descriptive research, and the approach used is qualitative research. The research subject was an English lecturer from English Department Mulawarman University. The data collection techniques were observation sheet note and interview. The data were classified according to the identified problems and were analyzed by using descriptive analysis method. The result of this study showed that the lecturer implemented PBL which was relevant with step by step by expert, Lecturer have known it since she were in high school, but she are not sure if the method used by high school lecturers is Project Based Learning. As for the result of the second research question, technological problems (i.e: unstable connection, delay, display error) and pedagogical problems (i.e: time consuming in preparing a lesson plan, need to provide a lot of stimulation media, and unable to conduct collaborative work) occurred during PBL implementation. Based on the findings of the study, it was concluded that the lecturer used step by step according to the expert but the arrangement is diferent baucause it adapts to the situation in the classroom, and the lecturer used six PBL procedures, (1) stimulation (2) problem statement (3) data collection (4) data processing (5) verification (6) generalization in her English teaching although, during its implementation, she faced technological and pedagogical problems. It was suggested for the lecturer to keep practicing in using PBL in the teaching process, be more patient in creating creative activities, and discuss the lesson plan with other English lecturers. Meanwhile, for the next researcher, it is suggested to explore the use of PBL in other skills or in courses that use not too much theory such as microteaching courses and other courses, since the current study only focused on the implementation of PBL in English phonology course.
Students’ Perception towards Storytelling in Developing Speaking Skills at English Department of Mulawarman University Karomah Khairunnisa; Weningtyas Parama Iswari; Yuni Utami Asih
E3L: Journal of English Teaching, Linguistic, and Literature Vol 4 No 2 (2021): September
Publisher : English Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Mulawarman University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (744.897 KB) | DOI: 10.30872/e3l.v4i2.1914

Abstract

The study aimed to know the students’ perception, challenges, and how to overcome the challenges of storytelling in the development of their speaking skills. This study was conducted at English Department Mulawarman University. The design of this study was mixed-method study with the purpose to illustrate students’ perception of the use of storytelling in speaking class. There were 46 third-semester students in the academic year 2019/2020. The instruments were questionnaire and interview guidelines. The data from the questionnaire were used to select students to be interviewed. Six students were selected as the interviewees, they had high, moderate and low level of perception towards the use of storytelling in speaking class. Afterward, the researcher collected the interview data and triangulated the data from the questionnaire and interview. The finding showed that students had a positive experience in using storytelling techniques in speaking class it showed by the result of the mean score of questionnaires was 3.83, especially in developing their components of speaking skills. The students also stated that in using the storytelling techniques they found the effectiveness of storytelling in their speaking development. The study also found that the students’ challenges were fear of mistake, anxiety, shyness, and lack of confidence. The students overcame their challenges through relaxation, preparation, peer seeking, and positive thinking. The researcher suggests that teachers and lecturers do storytelling more often in the class to improve their speaking skills, and to overcome student challenges the teachers or lectures can also give students time to prepare and create a relaxed atmosphere before doing storytelling.
Grammatical Interference On English Caption On Facebook Group’s “We Are ASEAN” Mukshin Berry Chandra; Susilo Susilo; Desy Rusmawaty
E3L: Journal of English Teaching, Linguistic, and Literature Vol 4 No 2 (2021): September
Publisher : English Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Mulawarman University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (740.719 KB) | DOI: 10.30872/e3l.v4i2.1915

Abstract

Abstract In this era, social media become a new way to connect the people. Platform such as, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter are examples of social media that use by large people. People not only share their photos or videos but they also can share their opinions and their knowledge to others as the way to build communication as social beings. On social media, there is a tool to make a group. Usually people make a group on social media based on their background, hobbies and discussion about certain issues. On Facebook group there is a group consisting of people from South East Asia named "We Are ASEAN”. On this group they discuss their opinions, stories and sometimes they introduce their culture to each other. Because of the variety of culture the language that is used in that group is English language. In this research was aimed to find the types and the most common mistake grammatical error in synthetic level on the group. The design of this research was content analysis by using qualitative approach and the researcher was the key instrument. The researcher took the samples by screen shooting twenty posters published by Indonesian people on Facebook group from July to September 2021. The researcher used document analysis to analyze the document as the samples and find out the grammatical error based on the syntactic level. The researcher found 69 mistakes was considered as grammatical interferences on English caption. This research found 10 types of grammatical errors in the samples. Types of grammatical errors were found by researcher such as; tenses, plurality, subject-verb, preposition, pronoun, noun phrase, article, diction, capital letter, auxiliary, and translation. Most of grammatical errors were found by researcher thet happened in capital letters case. The researcher found 34 errors in capital letters case with 47% in total grammatical errors. The researcher also explain the grammatical errors in syntactic level based on the error itself. From those results, capital letters became the common mistake found in second language accusations process. Capital letters errors on syntactic level can cause confusion in conveying information. Therefore, it is suggested that the writers should recognize the differences rules in target language accusations. The writers should be more aware in second language rules by considering the interference theory in syntactic level based on linguistics knowledge.
The Teaching of Listening at The English Language Education Program of Mulawarman University During Covid-19 Pandemics Farra syarliza; Bibit Suhatmady; Didik Sucahyo
E3L: Journal of English Teaching, Linguistic, and Literature Vol 5 No 2 (2022): September
Publisher : English Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Mulawarman University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/e3l.v5i2.1955

Abstract

Listening is very important and language educators are often lacking in practical approaches, techniques, and activities that they can apply in their classrooms. The purposes of this study are to describe the implementation of Listening activities and the obstacles in implementing the activities during the Covid-19 pandemics. A qualitative case study approach was used in this research and the interview protocol and documents were utilized to collect the data. The findings of this research reveal that the teaching and learning activities conducted by the two research subjects are in the online synchronous and asynchronous mode of learning delivered through the three sequences of teaching listening namely pre-listening, whilst-listening, and post-listening which include the model, the process, and the strategies for teaching listening. In implementing activities, they involved the model, process, and strategies using videos, applications, and web platforms in different ways. Furthermore, both research subjects have similar obstacles like internet connection and mobile data which leads to the preference for the synchronous and asynchronous mode in teaching. Moreover, It is also found that the whilst-listening and the evaluation phases of listening are the biggest problems in teaching Listening
Exploring the Level and Primary Causes of Speaking Anxiety in Thesis Seminar Among EFL Students Nur Rahim Noryani; Bibit Suhatmady; Dian Anggriyani
E3L: Journal of English Teaching, Linguistic, and Literature Vol 3 No 1 (2020): March
Publisher : English Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Mulawarman University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/e3l.v3i1.1958

Abstract

Speaking anxiety in this research was interpreted as a feeling of nervousness when EFL students were speaking English while delivering the material in the thesis seminar. The purposes of this study were (1) to find out the levels of speaking anxiety in thesis seminars and (2) to find out the primary factors that influence speaking anxiety in thesis seminar among EFL students of English Department at Mulawarman University. The design of this study was the quantitative method. This study dealt with a descriptive quantitative approach. In this case, the researcher took 56 students; 36 students in the academic year 2015 and 20 students in the academic year 2016 from English Department at Mulawarman University as the sample to investigate the level and primary causes of EFL students' public speaking anxiety in thesis seminar. In this study, the quantitative data from the result of the adapted Public Speaking Class Anxiety Scale (PSCAS) questionnaire proposed by Yakihong and Usaha (2012) was analyzed by descriptive statistic SPSS 26. The results of SPSS 26 indicated that there were 62.8% of students experienced a medium level of public speaking anxiety in the thesis seminar. Furthermore, it was found that lecturers’ or contributors’ characteristics (LCC) became the primary factor that contributed to influence speaking anxiety in thesis seminar
Language Attitude of the Fourth Semester English Education Department Students Toward Their Speaking Skill Implemented in the Classroom Intan Niawati; Bibit Suhatmady; Satyawati Surya
E3L: Journal of English Teaching, Linguistic, and Literature Vol 3 No 1 (2020): March
Publisher : English Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Mulawarman University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/e3l.v3i1.1959

Abstract

Language attitude is considered as the key factor that influence students’ motivation to learn and determine the results of studying a language. Therefore, the objective of this study is to find out the fourth semester students’ language attitude toward their speaking skill implemented in the classroom and the factors affecting their attitudes. The research methodology utilized a qualitative case study design. The participants of this study were six students of the fourth semester of English Education Department at Mulawarman University which were selected by using purposive sampling. The data of this research were collected through interview and were analyzed by using Thematic Analysis adopted from Braun and Clarke (2006). The findings discovered that three students have positive attitudes and the others have negative attitudes. Ideally, student with positive attitude will have good score in speaking. However, the researcher found that P4 has negative attitude even though she has middle score in speaking. This case is caused by internal and external factors that make P4 has negative attitude. Moreover, findings also showed that students’ positive attitude were mainly influenced by parents’ roles, teacher’s attitudes, inter-ethnic contact and some psychological factors such as self-confidence and high motivation. In addition, students’ negative attitudes were influenced by lack of desire to speak English and teacher high expectation. Further research may be recommended to find out different factors that might affect student’s attitude with different methodology such as conduct some observations in the classroom to see the implementation of students speaking skill which can reflect their attitude and enrich the data findings. Language attitude knowledge could help the students to motivate them in maintaining their positive attitude. Besides, parents and English teacher could support and encourage the students to increase their positive attitude in learning a language
Metaphor on Three Poems, Invictus, The Road Not Taken and Dreams Chandra Arya Pranata; Sunardi; A.K Amarullah
E3L: Journal of English Teaching, Linguistic, and Literature Vol 3 No 1 (2020): March
Publisher : English Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Mulawarman University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/e3l.v3i1.1960

Abstract

This study presents an analysis of metaphor on three poems, Invictus, The Road Not Taken and Dreams. The objective of this study is: to find out the types and meaning from three poems. The analyses were based on the combination of Lakoff and Johnson’s theory (2003), and Konvecses’s theory (2010) to find out the kind’s of metaphor and meaning of Invictus, The Road Not Taken, and Dream poems. What is the kind’s of metaphor and meaning of line on Invictus, The Road Not Taken, and Dream poems. In this study, the researcher will use descriptive qualitative research. The findings of this study were directed to know what is the kind’s of metaphor and meaning of Invictus, The Road Not Taken, and Dream poems. The result of this research is to show that the kind’s of metaphor and the meaning of poetry
Simplification of Dialogues in Shakespeare’s Drama : Macbeth Nada Zahro Afifah; Sunardi; A.K Amarullah
E3L: Journal of English Teaching, Linguistic, and Literature Vol 3 No 1 (2020): March
Publisher : English Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Mulawarman University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/e3l.v3i1.1961

Abstract

The purposes of this study are to find the simplification language usage, the vocabulary and structure, and content in unabridged and abridged dialogues of Shakespeare’s Drama: Macbeth. This research used descriptive qualitative research and the script of drama to analyze the dialogue of each character and the language simplification usage, the vocabulary and structure controlled in unabridged and abridged, and the content in abridged version.. The data source that used in this research is a dialogue of Shakespeare’s drama Macbeth in unabridged and abridged version. The result of the reasearch showed that there were simplification of vocabulary, structure and content. Simplification of vocabulary and structure occured inside the language rules while simplification of content occured inside the dialogue content. All the simplification language occured because of the verbs, the length of discursive segments, and the elements of drama
Profanity In Pulp Fiction Alif akbar Ramadha; Masrur Yahya; Yuni Utami Asih
E3L: Journal of English Teaching, Linguistic, and Literature Vol 3 No 1 (2020): March
Publisher : English Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Mulawarman University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/e3l.v3i1.1962

Abstract

This study used Qualitative Content Analysis research as its design. The purpose of this study are: (1) to find out the types of profanity that are uttered in Pulp Fiction; (2) to find out the purposes of the profanity that are uttered in Pulp Fiction. In analysing the data, the researcher used Creswell and Poth’s (2018) qualitative data analysis procedure. The researcher analysed the profanity in Quentin Tarantino’s film Pulp Fiction by using Bergen (2016) and Pinker (2007) profanity theory. The result of this study shows that in Pulp Fiction there are four types of profanity, namely religious, sex, bodily function, and discriminative language. As for the purpose, there are four purpose of profanity in Pulp Fiction, namely dysphemistic, emphatic, idiomatic, cathartic, and abusive. Sex profanity are the most used type of profanity, while religious profanity are the least used type. Emphatic purpose is the most used profanity purpose, while idiomatic purpose are the least used purpose. The suggestion from the researcher were students and teachers should learn profanity as the means to understand and expand their knowledge in profanity language so that students who freely use the words would become more responsible when using profanity. For the next researchers, it would be useful if they investigate profanity based on medias that portray more realistic social interaction or even goes far as focusing on real life human interaction in society
The Communication Style of Americans In ‘The Stars Shine Down’ by Sidney Sheldon Fitri Setyani; Sunardi; Bibit Suhatmady
E3L: Journal of English Teaching, Linguistic, and Literature Vol 3 No 2 (2020): September
Publisher : English Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Mulawarman University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/e3l.v3i2.1963

Abstract

This study analyzes the communication style of Americans in novel tilted “The Stars Shine Down” by Sidney Sheldon. It is important to be analyzed because if people control their communication style, they can control the outcome of most interactions and avoid the conflict or misunderstanding that caused by communication problem. The analysis of characters’ communication was based on McCallister’s theory (1994) to determine the patterns of communication style. The patterns were divided into three communication styles. It was Dominant Style which was included Noble, Reflective, and Socratic. Then, Blended Style consisted of Magistrate and Candidate. Also, Dual Style was known as Senator. Furthermore, this study was designed in the form of a content analysis of qualitative design. The source of data was the dialog of the main and supporting characters in the novel “The Stars Shine Down” by Sidney Sheldon which supported by the author’s narrative of novel. Moreover, this study used two validators to increase the credibility of the findings and interpretation the communication style. The results for the research question showed that Magistrate and Senator were mostly used by Lara for communication. Then, Noble was utilized dominantly by Paul in his communication which was influenced by the social status. Meanwhile, other style such as Socratic and Candidate were found in most of Howard‟s interaction. Even if all of the communication styles were reflected to the characters, the difference of frequency figures in using communication style was not too excessive for each style. Also, with using of communication style, both of main and supporting character can control the outcome of interaction. It can be related to students’ communication and material of teaching and learning English Thus, it is important for the students and lecturers to understand communication style in their interaction with foreign language speakers, especially Americans to avoid the misunderstanding of communication and control the outcome of interaction

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