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Journal of Global Pharma Technology
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 09758542     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
ournal of Global Pharma Technology is a monthly, open access, Peer review journal of Pharmacy published by JGPT Journal publishes peer-reviewed original research papers, case reports and systematic reviews. The journal allows free access to its contents, which is likely to attract more readers and citations to articles published in JGPT. JGPT publishes original research work that contributes significantly to the scientific knowledge in pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences- Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Technology, Cosmeticology, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacognosy, Natural Product Research, Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacology, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology and Applied Computer Technology. For this purpose we would like to ask you to contribute your excellent papers in pharmaceutical sciences.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Onkologi
Articles 2,439 Documents
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Natural Bio-Enhancers: Scope for Newer Combinations- A Short Review Nabarun Mukhopadhyay; Saleemulla Khan; Aswatha Ram H N
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 10 Issue 11 (2018) November 2018
Publisher : Journal of Global Pharma Technology

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Abstract

Bio-enhancers are those chemical entities which promote absorption and augment the bioavailability of accompanyingdrugs and do not exhibit synergy. Natural bio-enhancers are the agents which are obtained naturally and can be used to promote and augment bioavailability of the poorly absorbed drugs, which are administered for long periods, expensive and exert toxic reactions. This approach of using natural bio-enhancer improves the bioavailability, efficacy, thereby reduces the dose and therefore, cost, toxicity and adverse effects. A number of medicinal plants have shown this property of enhancing bioavailability of other drugs. This review work was carried out by thorough searching of different research articles from different online journals from Pubmed, Google scholar, Science direct. We also searched the theories related to the topic from different books obtained from Manipal Health Sciences Library.  In this review we have collected literature of scientifically validated plants having bio-enhancing property. It also describes the scopes of using newer combinations of natural and synthetic productsalongside natural bio-enhancers such as piperine, ginger, and aloes to name a few.For instance, the combination of curcumin with piperine enhances the bioavailability of the former, similarly, bioavailability of paclitaxel, a cytotoxic drug canbe improved by using quercetin combination. Thebio-enhancing effect of trikatu (a traditional Ayurvedic preparation) on cefquinome and tolfenamic acid has also been documented.  
Assessment of the Impact of Al-Dora Refinery and South-East Baghdad Electrical Power Generation Station on Air Quality at Al-Zafaraniya Region, Baghdad City Muhannad K Mohammad
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 2: 2019
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Abstract

In recent years, air contamination has become a serious environmental problem especially in industrialized and populated cities. Some activities such as random solid waste burning, industrial processes, local electrical generators, motor vehicles, fossil fuel combustion and other human activities can cause air pollution. The aim of current study was to evaluate the potential environmental impact of Al-Dora Refinery and South-East Baghdad Electrical Power Generation Station on ambient air quality. Methods: In this study, dust deposition rates were monitored on a weekly basis for the year 2017. Al-Zafaraniya region (residential area) in Baghdad city was selected as a monitoring point for measuring dust fallout rates and to evaluate the potential environmental impact of South-East Baghdad Electrical Power Generation Station (located about 3.2km to the north-west of the sampling point) and Al-Dora Refinery (located about 5.5km to the west of the sampling point) on ambient air quality. Results: Data revealed that the average amounts of dust fallout rates during this period were highly variable, ranged from 352.7kg/km2/month in January 2017 to 4348.8kg/km2/month in June 2017. Compared to permissible limits established in the literature, the annual total dust deposition rate observed in the monitoring point (23820.3kg/km2/year) was considered acceptable. The atmospheric concentrations of selected heavy metals including vanadium, chromium, manganese, copper, nickel, iron, cadmium, lead and zinc were measured using Flammable Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The analysis results showed that cadmium had lowest concentrations among other investigated heavy metals with concentrations ranged from 0.22 to 2.61µg/m3, while zinc showed highest atmospheric concentrations (range from 132 to 410µg/m3). It was found that the mean atmospheric concentrations of lead, chromium, cadmium, copper and nickel were 6.15, 5.1, 1.2, 1.8 and 5.3μg/m³, respectively, exceeded the permissible limits. In contrast, zinc, manganese and vanadium in ambient air had acceptable mean concentrations (285.5, 2.5 and 10μg/m³, respectively) as compared to the corresponding permissible limits. Correlation coefficients between heavy metals concentrations were estimated to investigate potential relationships between atmospheric contaminants and to foretell the possible sources of heavy metals in air. The results showed strong positive correlation coefficients (>0%) between (Fe-Zn), (Fe-V), (Fe-Cd), (Cd-V), (Cu-V) and (Cu-Cd), indicating that these heavy metals have a high probability of being emitted from the same source of pollution.    Keywords: Dust fallout, Heavy metals, Permissible limits, Correlation coefficient, Baghdad city.
The Effects of Topical Adenosine Agonists (Limonene) on Induced Ocular Hypertension in Rabbits Amal Haitham Hameed
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 01
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Abstract

Glaucoma is a multi factorial disease characterized by progressive loss of retinal ganglionic neurons, if glaucoma is not treated can progress to blindness. Controlling of intraocular pressure is the only approved medical therapy to decrease glaucoma progression. Limonene is a selective adenosine A2A receptors agonist, activation of this receptor can alter outflow resistance at the Schlemm’s canal cell level, and there by decrease IOP. Because vasodilatory effects of adenosine are primarily mediated by adenosine A1& A2A receptors. A fourth (40) rabbits (albino) included in this study &divided into 8 groups, travaprost 0.004% group A (n=8) used as positive control, isotonic buffer group B (n=8), limonene group C, D&E (1%, 2% and 4%) respectively (8) rabbits in each group. The present study was conducted to evaluate the intraocular pressures lowering effect of adenosine agonist (Limonene) and to explore their effect on adenylyl cyclase activity by measuring the level of cAMP changes in the aqueous humor in rabbits with induced ocular hypertension, and to explore the possible side effects of the tested agent on the eyes after instillation. The adenosine system is one of the potential target systems as new therapeutic approaches in glaucoma as concluded by the lowering IOP effect of limonene.Keywords: Intraocular pressure, Adenosine agonists, Limonene and travaprost.
Evaluating Factors Influencing the Urban Waste Production Using Vikor Model and Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Analysis (Case Study: Gilan Province) Camelia Alavi
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
Publisher : Journal of Global Pharma Technology

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Abstract

Solid wastes are inseparable part of human life, and production of these wastes in different quantities and qualities is one of the greatest environmental problems of current age. Different factors influence production of urban wastes, which identifying these factors and determining the importance of them make it possible to take necessary steps in this regard. Economic, social, and weather factors in each region can have a direct impact on waste production. Gilan province is one of the northern provinces of Iran. In light of its geographical and climatic conditions, it hosts great number of travelers every year, resulting in increased production of wastes in this province. On the other hand, the specific situation and conditions of this province, because of its proximity to Caspian Sea and high possibility of its contamination, developing an appropriate plan for waste management seems to be an essential. Thus, different factors influencing the production of urban waste in Gilan province were identified using previous studies and experiences of experts in this area, and they were weighted using fuzzy hierarchy analysis method. Finally, VIKOR model that is a multi-criterion decision model was used to prioritize them. Accordingly, information related to family income, GDP, population, family size, temperature, and wastes produced in Gilan province was collected, and the correlation coefficient of each of these factors with wastes produced in Gilan province was obtained. Findings revealed direct impact of family income, population, temperature, increasing daytime, and marginalization on waste production in Gilan province, while the social class and media education in Gilan province had a reverse impact on waste production. After prioritizing the methods, findings revealed that the first method, namely, recycling and compost, and the third method, namely, appropriate landfilling are the most suitable methods for this region, considering its geographical situation.Keywords: Effective factors, Urban wastes, Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Model, Fuzzy VIKOR method.
Genetic Association between Xeroderma Pigmentosum Polymorphism Rs2228000 with Staging and Development of Bladder Cancer Saleh Ali Al-Qadoori
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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Abstract

Background: Bladder Cancer is the sixth most common malignancy in males worldwide, and the second in Iraq. XPC Repair Gene polymorphism may cause a reduction in DNA repair capacity and influence an individual’s susceptibility to bladder cancer and the prognosis of the disease. Objective: To investigate the influence of active tobacco smoking on human DNA repair gene XPC rs2228000 polymorphism in patients with bladder cancer and the impact of XPC polymorphism C>T to the staging and development of the disease. Methods: A total of 62 of histo-pathologically confirmed diagnosed bladder cancer patients, and 38 age-matched healthy controls were involved in the study. All were recruited from February to September 2017 in a case-control study conducted in the Department of Biochemistry at the College of Medicine University of Baghdad. Genotyping of the XPC rs2228000 (C>T) was evaluated using a polymerase chain reaction and by Sanger sequencing method. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated as a measure of the combined effect of cigarette smoking, and DNA Double-Strand breaks Repair Gene XPC Polymorphism on bladder cancer risk, staging, and development.  Result: Heterozygous genotype of the XPC rs2228000 (C>T) showed a significant increase in bladder cancer risk OR (95% CI) = 2.75 (1.0-7.2), p value<0.05. Also, the study found that patients with the polymorphic allele (T genotype) have significantly increased the risk of bladder cancer (OR, 2.7; *p = 0.02). A statistically highly significant increased bladder cancer risk in the smoker with T Allele (OR, 4.3; **p = 0.004). Moreover, T Allele genotypes were also observed to be associated with a significantly increased risk of T1 (OR, 3.9; **p = 0.005). Conclusion: The study suggests that having polymorphic gene genotype of DNA Repair Gene XPC rs2228000 could increase the risk of bladder cancer and also affect the development and staging of the disease while having the genotype could decrease the risk of bladder cancer and increase the survival rate of bladder cancer patients.Keywords: Bladder Cancer, XPC, Rs2228000, Polymorphism.
Preliminary Phytochemical Investigation and Antibacterial Activity Identification of Stems of Calotropis procera Plant in Iraq by GC. MS Estabraq H. Naser
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 05.
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Abstract

Calotropis procera is a plant from Asclepiadaceae family. The preliminary phytochemical investigation of C. procera stems exhibit its high contents of flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, while terpenoids, and reducing sugar are in lower percent. Its previously used in treatment of many diseases such as cough, bronchitis, ascites, asthma, eczema, leprosy, cutaneous diseases, and intestinal worms. GC. MS analysis of stems ethanolic extract showed that the highest percent in 100% ethanolic stems extract belongs to Octadecanoic acid 20.33%, Hexa-hydro-farnesol 6.16%, and Linolenic acid ethyl ester 39.59 while the highest percent in 70% ethanolic stems extract belongs to (-)-Vincadifformine 17.13%, Dodecanoic acid 13.97%, Methyl arachidonate 9.01%, and (+)-α-Tocopherol 6.66%. The others chemical compounds percent range from about 5%-0.3%. The antibacterial activity of stems of Calotropis procera plant compared with streptomycin as standard antibiotic against four different types of bacteria revealed that the ethanolic extracts have no effect on Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas sp. While these extracts have ability to kill Staphylococcus aureus, and Basillus subtilis bacteria which are more sensitive.Keywords: Usher, GC. MS, Calotropis Procera, phytochemical, Sodom apple, Antibacterial.
Study of Anti-Herpetic Activity of a Soft Dosage form With Acyclovir and Miramistin Kienko LS
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 06 (2020) June 2020
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Abstract

The aim of the present work is to study the anti-herpetic action of the soft dosage form with acyclovir and miramistin on the model of herpes simplex virus. Using in vitro methods were studied cytotoxic concentration of substances, effective concentration, index of selectivity of substances and disinfectant action. Non-germinal guinea pigs were divided into three groups. Group I was infected with herpes virus, group II was infected with herpes virus and treated with the soft dosage form with acyclovir (5 g / 100 g) and miramistin (0.5 g / 100 g) and group III was infected with herpes virus and treated with 5 % Zovirax cream. It has been proven that the soft dosage form with acyclovir and miramistin is an active inhibitor of the reproduction of herpes virus type 2. Keywords: Acyclovir, Miramistin, Herpes viral diseases, Soft dosage form.
Inhibition of KRAS Gene Using Different Biochemical Active Compounds Saif Qahtan Salman
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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Abstract

The KRAS gene is classified as a type of genes called oncogenes. In case of mutation oncogenes have an ability to stimulate the proliferation in cells and make them cancerous. The mutation at 12th position changing the existing amino acid to arginine has been reported in lung cancer. KRAS gene expresses a protein that known as KR as which play a role in signaling pathway called RAS/MAPK. The role of the protein is to transfers signals into the nucleus of the cells. Which are responsible of cell growth and proliferation? In this study, Kras protein sequence, stucture and functional analysis were performed. The antioxidants selected for the study are ascorbic acid, 3, 7, dihydroxyflavone, is oflavone and quercetin. The chemical structures of those antioxidants were studied to be used for binding to the mutational site of KRAS. Based on the binding efficiency the best antioxidant which can be used in lung cancer treatment is determined.Keywords: KRAS gene, Kr as protein, Antioxidants, Ascorbic acid, 3, 7, Dihydroxyflavone, Isoflavone, quercetin.
Assessing the Spiritual Health in Nurses of Critical Care Units: A Cross-Sectional Study Shohreh Javadpour
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 08 Issue 03
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Abstract

Introduction: Intensive care unit due to critical ill patients and its special situation, require nurses who can take care for patients in their best manner. Spiritual health as one of the important aspects of the health, along with other aspects such as physical, mental and social aspects, has an important role in providing useful and effective care by nurses in critical care units. This study was aimed to assess spiritual well-being in the intensive care unit nurses. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 53 nurses of critical care units were studied. Census method is done for sampling and study was conducted according to informed consent of intensive care unit nurses of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences in 1394. The data collection tool was a valid and reliable questionnaire of spiritual health (r=0.8), consisted of 28 questions related to attitude and 20 questions related to the performance. The questionnaire had 5-point Likert scale: absolutely agree (score= 100), almost agree (score= 75), neutral (score=50), almost disagree (score= 25) and strongly disagree (score= 0). Collected information was analyzed by SPSS software for the descriptive statistics. Results: Of total of 53 nurses, 94.3% (n = 50) were female, 66% (n = 35) were married and 98.1% (52 patients) had nursing bachelor´s degree. The average age of nurses was 32.06 ± 6.23. 49.1% (26 patients) worked in the ICU and others worked at CCU and dialysis wards. Median attitude towards spiritual health was90.18 (82.14 - 97.32) and median healthy spiritual performance was82.50 (75.00- 88.75).The total median of spiritual health in the population of critical care nurses was85.42 (79.17- 91.67)Conclusion: The spiritual health score is generally good in the intensive care unit nurses, although due to the difference between spiritual insight and action, special attention should be done to enhance better healthy practice and consequently intensive care unit nurses who are exposed to high stress situation, can benefit the spiritual health and as a result, patients receive better nursing care.Keywords: Spiritual health, Nurse, Attitude, Critical care
The Effectiveness of Socialization-media in Improving the Knowledge of Children and Teenager toward Cigarette in Denpasar, Bali Ida Ayu Jasminarti Dwi Kusumawardani
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 01.
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Abstract

Background: Prevalence of children and teenagers smoker in Indonesia was more than 45%. This shows the gap between results and efforts of the Indonesian government to reduce tobacco cigarette consumption rate through various programs. Method: Aim of this study was to determine the level of children and teenager knowledge about cigarettes and to measure the effectiveness of socialization media improving their knowledge. This research was held in SMP Negeri 10 Denpasar and SD No. 12 Padangsambian. Design of study was cross-sectional experimental with cluster sampling. The sample size was 203 subjects divided into six groups. The study consists of a pre-test, intervention, and post-test. Level of knowledge about cigarette was determined by questionnaire and divided into 3 levels (good, average, and poor). Interactive communication was given to three groups of students, and the other got advertisement video as an intervention.  Result: The overall level of knowledge among children and teenager was good (50.2%), average (37.4%), and poor (12.3%). Level of knowledge among SD No. 12 Padangsambian students was good (42.1%), average (42.8%), and poor (15.2%). While in SMPN 10 Denpasar 70.7% of them was good, average (24.1%), and poor (5.2%). There was no significant difference between pre-test and post-test in the advertisement video intervention group (P>0.05). An increasing number of students with good knowledge was found in interactive communication intervention such as: group I (58%; p <0.05), group II (21.2%; p <0.05), group III (23.2%; p <0.05). Conclusion: Interactive communication could be used as media socialization to increase the knowledge of children and teenager about cigarettes and its negative impact on human health.Keywords: Cigarette, Knowledge, Socialization, Media, Children, Teenager.

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