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Journal of Global Pharma Technology
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 09758542     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
ournal of Global Pharma Technology is a monthly, open access, Peer review journal of Pharmacy published by JGPT Journal publishes peer-reviewed original research papers, case reports and systematic reviews. The journal allows free access to its contents, which is likely to attract more readers and citations to articles published in JGPT. JGPT publishes original research work that contributes significantly to the scientific knowledge in pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences- Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Technology, Cosmeticology, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacognosy, Natural Product Research, Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacology, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology and Applied Computer Technology. For this purpose we would like to ask you to contribute your excellent papers in pharmaceutical sciences.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Onkologi
Articles 2,439 Documents
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Anatomical and Ultra-sonographic Study of the Aortic Arch Branches in the Native Goat (Capra hircus) Fatimah Swadi Zghair
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 09: (2019) September 2019
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Abstract

Five health adult goats of Iraqi local breed of both sexes, were collected from Diyala Governorate weighing range between (6-8kg±40.11), and their ages were between (1-3) months. Ultrasound Scanner technique was used to study the aortic arch branches; ultrasonic examinations were done with a real-time B-Mode scanner supplied with a 7.5 MHz-linear array rectal transducer. All these goats were euthanized. The aortic arch of the goats is extended cranially, dorsally, and turn caudally situated below the vertebra columns at the level of the third intercostal space, above the pulmonary trunk. The aortic arch gives two branches in which the short branch called left-subclavian artery and large brachiocephalic trunk. Moreover, the brachiocephalic trunk is a great vessel cranial branch that yields two large branches; right-subclavian artery and bicarotid trunk which divided into left-common carotid artery and right-common carotid artery.Keywords: Anatomy, Aortic arch, Branches, Native goat, Ultrasonography.
Synthesis and Curing of New Phenolic Resins Linking to Pyromellitdiimides Abeer Khaleel
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 10 Issue 08: (2018) August 2018
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Abstract

In this work a series of new phenol-formaldehyde resins linking to pyromellitdiimide were synthesized via three steps in the first one a series of four N, N- bis ( hydroxy phenyl) pyromellitdiamic acids were synthesized by reaction of pyromelliticdianhydride with amino phenols. In the second step, the prepared diamic acids were dehydrated by fusion producing the corresponding pyromellitdiimides and these in turn were introduced in poly condensation reaction with formaldehyde producing the new target phenolic resins. Treatment of the prepared resins with benzoyl chloride afforded the corresponding modified resins. The newly synthesized and modified resins exhibit new properties that may serve many applications.Keywords: Pyromellitdiamic acids, Pyromellitdiimide, Phenolic resins, Amino phenols.
Using Tobacco Leaves as Adsorbent for the Orange-G Dye Removal from its Aqueous Solutions Rawaa Abbas Mohammed
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 03
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Abstract

The removal of commercial orange G dye from its aqueous solution by adsorption on tobacco leaves (TL) was studied in respect to different factor that affected the adsorption process. These factors including the tobacco leaves does, period of orange G adsorption, pH, and initial orange G dye concentration .Different types of isotherm models were used to describe the orange G dye adsorption onto the tobacco leaves. The experimental results were compared using Langmuir, and frundlich adsorption isotherm, the constants for these two isotherm models was determined. The results fitted frundlich model with value of correlation coefficient equal to (0.981). The capacity of adsorption for the orange G dye was carried out using various kinetic models like pseudo first order-kinetic, pseudo second order –kinetic, Elovich, and inter particle diffusion model, the rate constants for these models were evaluated. The data suggested that tobacco leaves are suitable sorbent for the orange - G dye removal from its solution.Keywords: Adsorption, Orange G, Tobacco leaves.
Antidepressant Activity of Selective Bioactive Compounds-Diosgenin and Silymarin in an Experimental Animal Model Sathya. B
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 04 (2020) April 2020
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Abstract

The present study was aimed to investigate the combined effect of bioactive compounds, Diosgenin and Silymarin in an animal model of depression. Wistar albino rats of either sex were randomly divided into five groups and treated for 7 days. Groups I and II were served as a control and a standard and groups III, IV and V were treated with Diosgenin (100 mg/kg, p.o.), Silymarin (100 mg/kg, p.o.) and combination of Diosgenin (50 mg/kg, p.o.) + Silymarin (50 mg/kg, p.o.), respectively. Imipramine (25 mg/kg, p.o.) was used as a standard for all antidepressant models and the activity was screened by using Forced swim test and Tail suspension test. The results suggested that Diosgenin and Silymarin, independently, at a dose of 100 mg/kg, shown anti-depressant like effect with P value less than 0.05 and 0.01, respectively. The compounds when given in combination at a dose of 50 mg/kg, each, shown potentiating antidepressant like activity as compared to their individual effect. It can be concluded that Diosgenin has got a synergistic effect on antidepressant action when given in combination with Silymarin.Keywords: Bioactive compounds, Depression, Diosgenin, Silymarin, Imipramine, Forced swim test, Tail suspension test.
A Comparative Study between the Blood Pictures of Iraqi Camels Infected with Trypanosomiasis and the Blood Picture of the Healthy Iraqi Camels Zahra M. Al-Hakak
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 09 Issue 12
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Abstract

This study was conducted to compare the blood picture of healthy Iraqi camels with the blood picture of camels infected with trypanosomiasis. Collected (100) blood samples randomly for a period from 1/10/2015 to 30/9/2016.    The blood samples collected from camels which are brought to the veterinary clinic in Najaf and Karbala, from camels that bring to slaughter in the Najaf, Karbala and Qadissiya massacres. These camels some of them healthy and others were observed with illness fatigue, wasting, high Temperature, patches of fall of lint,paleness of mucous membranes and accumulation of edema in different areas of the animal's body. The age of these camels ranged between (8 - 15 years) for camels and she camels. The study included the collection of blood samples and the examination the number of red and white blood cells, count the different type of white blood cells, measure the proportion of hemoglobin and measure pact cell volume of red blood cells .Then make blood smear to see the normal shape of red blood cells and the form of all types of white blood cells to do counting differential type of white blood cells.. We also conduct blood swabs of trypanosomiasis to watch the parasite and make a differential count of white cells and changes in erythrocytes.  The results obtained from a sample size (100) camels and she camels, (92) non-infected aninals and (8) animals with trypanosomiasis, the number of healthy camels (60) and (32) animals she camels. The number of infected camels (5) and (3)infected she camels .In healthy camels the number of red blood cells are( 8.6 - 9.9 × 106 / ul),the number of white blood cells are (8.8 - 10.9 × 103 / ul), the percentage of hemoglobin recorded were ( 11.7 - 12.5 g / dl) and the pact cell volume are  (48.8 - 48.9%), number of neutrophile( 41.8 -48.9 %) , lymphocytes (35.7 - 42.9%),monocyte (5.7 - 8.4%), eosinophile (3.2 - 4.5%). In all samples we saw one basophile cell in age (8 years - 11 years).   In infected animals the number of red blood cells (3.15 - 4.75 × 106 / ul) , white blood cells are (8.9 - 17.5 × 103 / ul), the percentage of hemoglobin recorded in infected animals with trypanosomiasis is (6.5 - 8.5 g / dl)and pact cell volume ( 19 – 24.3 %) .The account of differential type of white blood cells are  (36.3 - 50%) neutrophile, lymphocyte (33 - 47.6%), monocyte cells (5-10%), and number of eosinophile (6 - 14)% of the rods did not see any cell.Keywords: Camels, Infected, Iraqi, Comparison, Blood test.
The Effect of Special Exercises in the Development of Some Physical and Motor Characteristics to Performance Arm for Handball Players Nabhan Hamid Ahmed
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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Abstract

The study aimed at preparing special exercises for the development of some physical and motor characteristics of the performance arm of handball players. The study was subjected to poor performance of the correction arm, which led the researchers to prepare special exercises to develop the speed related ability of the arm concerned with the correction. A player from the university team of Anbar province, they were divided into two experimental and control groups, and each group (8) players. The program of exercises was applied to the experimental group, after which the tests were carried out and the collection of data and unloaded in special forms and processed statistically to reach the most important conclusions:There were significant differences between the results of the Pre and posttests of the experimental and control groups.There were significant differences in the results of the post tests to test the speed-related ability. There were no significant differences between the other variables in the research.The exercises used by the researchers worked on developing some of the variables used in the research.Keywords: Special exercises, Physical, Motor characteristics and performance.
Arterial Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus: Therapy with Telmisartan, Interrelation Modeling, Approaches to Diagnosis and Complex Therapy Evgeniya Malashenko
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 05.
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Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an illness for an increasing number of people. Among the consequences that DM leads in the first place can be called degradation changes in the body, ultimately leading to limited physical capabilities. In DM, one of the related phenomena is a high risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This is due to the following factors: a) already the presence of risk factors before the DM development; b) the presence of obesity; c) arterial hypertension (AH). AH is present in 75-80% of patients with DM type 2, with half of them die. Due to the fact that AH and DM have a pathogenetic relationship, this fact naturally increases the risk of death. On the basis of data from Polyclinic No. 3 in St. Petersburg (Russia), a group of 200 patients with DM (female, age range 45-65) with concomitant AH were selected. The control group consisted of 100 females of the same age. Therapy was carried out with Telmisartan, with a dosage of 85 mg for a period of 8 weeks. As a result of the therapy, telmisartan has shown a positive effect on such parameters as carbohydrate metabolism and insulin resistance, as well as lipid metabolism. For patients with metabolic syndrome, during the period of therapy, telmisartan was noted to significantly (p≤0.05) reduce the rates associated with lipid metabolism. First of all it affected the cholesterine rate in the blood .Also obtained reliable data on the triglycerides reduction (TG), from 1.67 mmol/l 2.0 times more than half of the patients (41% of 75% who had elevated TG levels) undergoing telmisartan therapy. In addition, a decrease in the load on the AH time index, as well as a decrease in microalbuminuria rate was noted in patients. This indicates the organ-protective effect of telmisartan therapy. Permanent control of blood pressure is of primary importance for CVD prevention in patients with DM. When prescribing an antihypertensive agent, it is necessary to take into account RAAS-blocking drugs (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system). Telmisartan has shown a positive effect on carbohydrate metabolism, reduced the elevated lipids levels (in particular, TG), and also affected insulin resistance.Keywords: DM (diabetes mellitus), AH (arterial hypertension), CVD (cardiovascular disease), telmisartan.
Cefazolin as a Prophylactic Antibiotic in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Systematic Review Tjokorda Gde Agung Senapathi
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 12 (2020) Dec. 2020
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Abstract

Background: Cefazolin is a first-generation cephalosporin prophylactic antibiotic which recommended for open cholecystectomy. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a clean contaminated surgery that does not require prophylactic antibiotics. Some surgeons still have the habit of giving prophylactic antibiotics for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This systematic review aimed to examine evidence from randomized controlled trials comparing the incidence of surgical wound infection with cefazoline use. Methods: We collected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) throughout the years 2010-2020 from the Cochrane Library and PubMed in English language, which examined the incidence of surgical wound infection between the cefazolin prophylactic antibiotic groups versus placebo on laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Results: Six RCTs were included in the final analysis for a qualitative assessment using the Jadad scale, with four articles in the high category and the other two in the good category. The incidence of surgical wound infection in the cefazolin group was 1.09-4.8% (mean 2.63%) and did not differ significantly from the placebo group. Old age (> 60 years), obesity, timing of antibiotics, as well as tissue trauma and billiard spill during laparoscopic cholecystectomy were not significant factors. Conclusion: The prophylactic antibiotic cefazolin was not significant in reducing the incidence of surgical wound infection in lapaoscopic cholecystectomy. It is necessary to review the guidelines for prophylactic antibiotics in each health service place. Keywords: Cefazolin, Prophylactic antibiotics, Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, Surgical wound infection.
Increased Risk of Multibacillary Leprosy among Patient with Low Plasma Vitamin D Level Luh Made Mas Rusyati
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 10 Issue 05: (2018) May2018
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Abstract

Introduction: Leprosy is an emerging transmitted disease that still prevalent enough in Indonesia. Although its treatment modalities have proved to be effective, an effective preventive measure is still needed especially to prevent the development of the severe form of Leprosy. Several studies found that Vitamin D had a significant influence on the immune system and thus could potentially alter the susceptibility to Leprosy or its manifestation. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate whether the plasma vitamin D level had a significant effect on the manifestation of Leprosy. Methods: A case-control study was conducted from July to August 2016 at Dermatology and Venerology Department of Sanglah General Hospital. The leprosy was categorized into Paucibacillary (PB) and Multibacillary (MB) while plasma vitamin D level was classified into normal/high and low. Subjects with MB were included in the case group while those with PB act as acontrol.Results:50 subjects, 25 per group, were enrolled in this study in which no significant differences were found in baseline characteristics of both groups. Bivariate analysis showed that plasma vitamin D level was significantly higher in PB than in MB (24.4272 ng/ml vs. 20.1488ng/ml). In accordance to mean difference, it revealed that low plasma vitamin D significantly increase the risk of MB type leprosy (OR: 12.667; 95% CI: 3.308-48.504). Conclusion: Low plasma vitamin D level significantly increased the risk of MB type leprosy as much as 12.667 times higher than normal.Keywords: Paucibacillary Leprosy, Multibacillary Leprosy, Plasma vitamin D level.
Parameter Estimation of Neuroachfet Circuit using Advanced Algorithm for Application in Neurology Rashmi Deka
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 9 Issue 07
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Abstract

In 1952, Hodgkin-Huxley have developed an electronic circuit describing the biophysical nature of a neuron. Acetylcholine field effect transistor (AchFET)   has been developed in this paper for detection of Acetylcholine (neurotransmitter) and then the AchFET is used in an electronic circuit to reproduce neuronal signals. AchFET is an enzyme field effect transistor (ENFET) fabricated by immobilizing acetylcholine in the gate terminal for proper detection of Acetylcholine. The neuron signals obtained from the circuit using AchFET is named as NEUROAchFET (Neuro Acetylcholine field effect transistor). In the next step, estimation of parameters is done using Firefly Algorithm for signals obtained from the NEURO AchFET. There are various parameters related to neuron signals described in this paper and estimation are done for NEUROAchFET circuit to validate the circuit. Firefly algorithm is used since it is an advanced algorithm and proved to be better than other metaheuristic algorithms. Keywords: Neuron, Acetlycholine, Hodgkin-Huxley, NeuroAchFET, Firefly Algorithm.

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