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Journal of Global Pharma Technology
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 09758542     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
ournal of Global Pharma Technology is a monthly, open access, Peer review journal of Pharmacy published by JGPT Journal publishes peer-reviewed original research papers, case reports and systematic reviews. The journal allows free access to its contents, which is likely to attract more readers and citations to articles published in JGPT. JGPT publishes original research work that contributes significantly to the scientific knowledge in pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences- Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Technology, Cosmeticology, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacognosy, Natural Product Research, Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacology, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology and Applied Computer Technology. For this purpose we would like to ask you to contribute your excellent papers in pharmaceutical sciences.
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Articles 2,439 Documents
Development and Validation of an RP-HPLC Method for Gefitinib in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms using Central-Composite Design Kiran Kumar Buralla
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 10 (2019) October 2019
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Abstract:Objective: Development of an accurate, sensitive, precise, robust, economical and quick isocratic reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method complying quality by design (QbD) and authorize as per ICH guidelines for the quantitative evaluation of Gefitinib in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form.Method: The simultaneous estimation of the Gefitinib with Sorafenib as an internal standard in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms by the assistance of chemometrics, multicriteria decision-making approach. The separation was accomplished by utilizing/with Phenomenex Enable C18 column (15x4.6mm, 5µm particle size); and PDA-UV detection set at 250nm was developed and validated Gefitinib in pure form as well as pharmaceutical formulation, optimized by utilizing/with Derringer’s desirability functions. The mobile phase used for the separation was a mixture of Acetonitrile and Phosphate buffer (30:70 %v/v) and the pH 3, which was adjusted with ortho-phosphoric acid, the flow rate was 1.6 ml/min.Result: Newly developed method resulted an elution time of the drug at 3.264 min. The regression coefficients (R2) were observed to be 0.999 for all models. The detection (LOD) and quantification limits were 10.47 mg/ml, and 31.74 mg/ml, respectively. The relative standard deviation was calculated as 0.4412%.Conclusion: Method developed and validated by determining its precision; accuracy; and system stability. The results of the study demonstrated that the planned RP-HPLC method is simple; rapid; precise; and accurate, which is helpful for the analysis of Gefitinib in bulk as well as pharmaceutical dosage forms.Keywords: Chemometrics, RP-HPLC, RSM, Tyrosine kinase inhibitors, Gefitinib, Sorafenib.1)      Tripati KD. Essentials of medical pharmacology, 5th edition, 2003;769-770.2)      Pao W, Miller V, Zakowski M. EGF receptor gene mutation are common in lung cancer from never smokers, and are associate with sensitivity of tumors to Gefitinib and Erlotinib. Proceedings of the national academy of science of the state of America. 2004;101(36):13306-11.3)      Sordella R, Bell DW, Haber DA, Serttleman J. Gefitinib-sensitizing EGFR mutations in lung cancer activate anti-apoptotic pathways. Science. 2004;305(5687):1163-7.4)      Takimoto CH, Calvo E. Principles of oncologic pharmacotheraphy, cancer management: A multidisciplinary approach, 11th edition. 2008.5)      Siva Kumar R, Yogeshwara KR, Manish G, Nitesh K, Siva Ganesh, Jeenet J. Development and Validation of Stability Indicating HPLC Method for Gefitinib and Its Related Compounds and Characterisation of Degradation Impurities. J Pharm Drug Deliv Res. 2017;6(1):1-14.6)      Indian pharmacopeia, 2, 2010;1484.7)      The Merck index. 14th edition. 2006;851.8)      Alagar Raja M, Joshna P, David B, Rao KNV, Selva Kumar D. Analytical method development and validation of Gefitinib (anti cancer drug) in pharmaceutical tablet dosage form by using RP-HPLC. Asian journal of pharmaceutical analysis and medical chemistry. 2014;2(3):127-133.9)      Montgomery D. Design and analysis of experiment” New York, John Wiley and Sons. 1991. 10)  Shiow-Ling L, Wen-Chang C, Enz. Microb. Technol. 1997;21:436. 11)  Myers RH, Montgomery DC. Response Surface Methodology: Process and Product Optimization Using Designed Experiments, 2nd ed. Wiley, New York. 2002. 12)  Ferreira SL, Bruns RE, Ferreira HS, Matos GD, David JM, Brandao GC, da Silva EG, Portugal LA, dos Reis PS, Souza AS, dos Santos DS. Anal. Chim. Acta. 2007;597:179. 13)  International Conference on Harmonization. ICH Q2 (R1). Validation of analytical procedures: text and methodology, ICH Secretariat, Geneva. 2005. 14)  Bhatt DA, Rane SI. QbD approach to analytical RP- HPLC method development and its validation. Int. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci. 2011;3:1179–1187. 15)   Bhutani H, Kurmi M, Singh S, Beg S, Singh B. Quality by design (QbD) in analytical sciences: an overview, Pharm. Times. 2014;46:71–75. 16)  Schmidt AH, Stanic M, Molnar I. In silico robustness testing of a compendial HPLC purity method by using a multidimensional design space build by chromatography modeling- case study pramipexole. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 2014;91:97–107. 17)  Sarwar B, Kanchan K, Suryakanta S, and Saquib Hasnain M. Development and validation of RP-HPLC method for quantification of Amoxicillin tryhydrate in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations using Box-Behnken experimental design. Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies. 2012;35:393-406.18)  Chaudhari SR, Shirkhedar AA. Design of experiment avenue for development and validation of RP-HPLC-PDA method for determination of apremilast in bulk and in-house tablet formulation, Journal of Analytical Science and Technology. 2019;10:10. 19)  ICH, ICH Draft Guidelines on Validation of Analytical Procedures: Definition and Terminology, Switzerland, Federal Register, IFPMA. 1995.20)  Ajaz A, Mohammad R, Khalid MA, Kazi M, Faiyaz S. Box-Behnken supported development and validation of robust RP-HPLC method: An application in estimation of pravastatin in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. 2016;61(2):2963-2967. 21)  Padmaja N, Veerabhadram G. Development and validation of analytical method for Simultaneous estimation of Empagliflozin and Linagliptin in bulk drugs and combined dosage forms using UV-visible spectroscopy. Der Pharmacia Lettre. 2015;7:306-312.22)  Beg S, Kohli K, Swain S, Hasnain MS. Development and validation of RP-HPLC method for quantitation of amoxicillin trihydrate in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations using Box-Behnken experimental design. Journal of Liquid Chromatography and Related Technologies. 2011;35:393–406.23)  Barmpalexis P, Kanaze FI, Georgarakis E. Developing an optimizing a validated isocratic reversed phase HPLC separation of nimodipine and impurities in tablet using experimental design methodology. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis. 2009;49:1192-1202.24)  Suresh R, Manavalan R, Valliappan K. Chemometrics Assisted RP- HPLC Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Levocetirizine, Ambroxol, and Montelukast in Pharmaceutical Formulation International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Sciences. 2012;1:1205-1220.25)  Sujan B, MasudKaisar Md, Salim Hossain Md. Development and Validation of a Simple and Rapid UV Spectrophotometer Method for Assay of Linagliptin in Bulk and Marketed Dosage Form. Indian Journal of Novel Drug Delivery. 2013;5:221-224.26)  Sara SM, Eman IE, Dalia AH, Magda AB. Stability- Indicating HPLC-DAD Method for the Determination of Linagliptin in Tablet Dosage Form: Application to Degradation Kinetics. Journal of Chromatographic Science. 2016;54:1560–1566.
The Effect of Worried Doll Therapy on Pre-School Age Anxiety Levels With Hospitalization In Rumkital Dr. Ramelan Surabaya Dedi Irawandi
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 08
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Background: Play therapy is an effort to change problematic behavior by placing children in play situations. Anxiety is a pathological condition characterized by feelings of fear accompanied by somatic signs, a sign of a hyperactive autonomic nervous system. The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of "Worried Doll" play therapy on the level of anxiety in preschool children with hospitalization in Navy Hospital Dr. Ramelan Surabaya. Materials and Methods: The study design was a quasi-experimental approach Non-equivalent Control Group with a total of 204 research respondents preschool children are cared for in Rumkital Dr. Ramelan Surabaya. The results showed that playing “worried doll” therapy was effective in reducing the level of anxiety in pre-school age children who experienced hospitalization. Results: Based on the results of the statistical test in the intervention group, the P value was 0.007
Explanation of the Effective Components in Entrepreneurial Orientation among Students: A Case Study of the Faculty of Agriculture, Razi University Shahbazi Somayeh
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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In spite of the increasing unemployment level and the entrepreneurship need of the agricultural graduates, they do not considerably pay attention to entrepreneurship. Regarding the significance of this issue, the major objective of this study was to explain the effective components in entrepreneurial orientation among Razi University students. The population included 1392 student, of whom 310 people were selected based on simple random sampling. A questionnaire was used as the data collection instrument. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the members of the Faculty of Agriculture, Razi University; the reliability of which was also confirmed as 0.86 by means of SPSS 20. Data were analyzed and 10 effective factors in entrepreneurial orientation were identified, the most important of which was the university structural change with a mean of 3.94. Furthermore, the most important factor of the lack of entrepreneurial orientation was the need for capital and lack of support with the mean of 4.01. The investigation of Razi University students’ entrepreneurial status indicated that most of whom are willing to get employed by the government. Moreover, there was not a difference between the urban and rural students as well as the male and female students in terms of entrepreneurial orientation. However, the single students were more interested in entrepreneurship than the married ones. The results of Chi-square test indicated that major and educational level, age, parents’ jobs, parents’ educational level, gender, marital status, and the living place have a significant relationship with the lack of entrepreneurial orientation at the level of 0.05 percent. According to the results, in addition to governmental support, the goals, methods, and the approaches of the agricultural higher education system are needed to be revised so as to improve the agriculture students’ entrepreneurial orientation.Keywords:  Entrepreneurial orientation, Unemployment, Agriculture students, Razi University.
Nuclear Factor-kappa B Gene Polymorphism and Interleukin-8 in Iraqi Population with Severe Chronic Periodontitis Raghad Fadhil
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 09: (2019) September 2019
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Background: Periodontitis is characterized by an unbalanced host response to periodontopathogens, which lead to periodontal tissues breakdown. Genetic backgrounds play a key role in susceptibility to and protection against a spectrum of periodontal diseases. Interleukin-8 is a relevant mediator of granulocyte accumulation by attracting polymorphnuclears in the inflammatory region.  Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) is a key regulator during inflammatory process involving the gingiva and alveolar bone of teeth.  Aim of study: case control study used to explore the correlation between polymorphisms in NF-kB-94 gene and serum level of IL-8 and the impact of polymorphisms on the degree of susceptibility to and severity of chronic periodontitis. Materials and methods: Ninety six Iraqi subjects their age range (30-50) years were included in study divided in to two groups (patients with chronic periodontitis and healthy control), venous blood were collected from each patients for immunological analysis of IL-8 and genetic analysis forNF-kB-94. Results: The present study revealed a significant decrease in the median serum level of IL-8 (p< 0.029) among patients group (78.9pg/μl) as compared to controls group (80.4pg/μl). For genetic analysis after sequencing with sanger method two polymorphisms were detected in the promoter region of NF-κB1-94 at rs28362491 and rs569599236 as there was deletion in the sequence of ATTG for rs28362491 while there was deletion in the sequence GCA for rs569599236 with non-significant association with chronic periodontitis group although significant association was reported with serum level of IL-8 and bleeding on probing index. Conclusion: The results suggest that the ins/del ATTG polymorphisms in NF-kB1-94 is associated with increased severity of developing periodontitis, since this study have documented that polymorphisms located within genes encoding cytokines regulated by NF-κB have association with disease activity.Keywords: Chronic periodontitis, IL-8, NF-κB, gene polymorphisms.
Synthesis and Characterization of Some Metal Complexes of [1-(4-Bromo-2-Methyl-Phenyl)-3-(4-Methoxybenzoyl)-Thiourea Taghreed B. Alwan
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 10 Issue 08: (2018) August 2018
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A new ligand [1-(4-Bromo-2-Methyl-Phenyl)-3-(4-Methoxy benzoyl)-Thiourea) (BMT) was synthesized by reaction of (4-Methoxyibenzoyliisothiocyanate) with (4-bromo-2-methyl anline). The Ligand was characterized by elemental micro analysis (C.H.N.S), (FT-IR) (UV- Vis) and (1H,13CNMR) spectra. Some transition metals complexes of this ligand were prepared and characterized by (FT-IR, UV-Vis) spectra conductivity measurements magnetic susceptibility and atomic absorption. From the obtained results the molecular formula of all complexes was suggested to be [M (BMT) 2Cl2] (M+2i=Cu, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, Cd and Hg), the proposed geometrical structure for all complexes was an octahedral.Keywords: 4-bromo-2-methyl anline, 4-Methoxy benzoyl isothiocyanate, complexes.             
Correlation of Radiographic Parameter with Functional Outcomes in Pediatric Supracondylar Humerus Fractures (SCHF) Treated with Close Reduction and Percutaneus Pinning (CRPP) Irsan Kesuma
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 01.
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Background Humerus supracondylar fracture is one of the most common elbow injuries and this injury approximately includes 16.6 % of all fractures in children(1). Until now, one of the current treatment for a displaced supracondylar humeral fracture is closed reduction of  the fracture is using the percutaneous skeletal fixation(4). The Baumann angle and Carrying angle  of the humerus has been a commonly used as an outcome measure for supracondylar fractures in children(6,7). The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiographic parameter with functional outcomes in pediatric Supracondylar Humerus Fractures (SCHF) treated with CRPP. Materials and Method This was a cross sectional observational study conducted on a consecutive series of supracondylar humerus fracture patients. It involved patients in Sardjito General hospital that were diagnosed as supracondylar humerus fracture treated with close reduction percutaneous pinning. Several parameters were reviewed, including Bowmann angle, Carrying angle, age at injury, sex, right or left extremity, Gartland fracture type, mechanism of injury, operative or nonoperative treat­ment intervention. Then, the functional outcome of the subjects in this study was measured using QuickDASH score which is the short form of  DASH score. Chi Square test and Independent T Test was using as the statistical analysis for this study. Result This study included 78 out of 104 supracondylar humeral fractures. 26 patients were excluded from this study. Out of 78 patients, 25 (32%) were in girls and 53 (68%) were in boys. The mean duration of follow-up all patients was 35 months. During the first data-collection, the mean Baumann angle of the humerus was found to be 72.76 ° (range 55.00 ° to 87.00 °, SD 6.17 °) . This was not significantly different from the data obtained during the second data-collection (mean 72.98 °, range 65° to 80 °, SD 6.21 °). Carrying angle pre operatively was found (mean 10.80 °, range 2 ° to 17°, SD 3.12 °). And not significantly different from post operatively (mean 10.94 °, range 2° to 18 °, SD 3.23 °). There was  no functional interference with normal social activities, sports performing, and a activities of daily living, and no functionally limiting symptoms Conclusion This study showed that good functional outcome with better carrying angle was achieved in patient with SCHF patients treated with CRPP.
A Concise Review of Spermatogenic Cells Culture: Assessing the Apoptotic Pathway Silvia Werdhy Lestari
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 01
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In the absence of sperm retrieved from azoospermic male, thus considered in utilizing developed spermatogenic cells including spermatogonia to spermatid in restoring male fertility. Spermatogenic cells obtained from testicular tissue culture need to be expanded prior its utilization, yet the excessive apoptosis of resulting cell culture is a challenge. This review was aimed to discuss article dealing with the factors and the underlying mechanism inducing apoptosis of spermatogenic cells culture. A computerized search of PubMed and google scholar database was conducted for general terms such as “male infertility”, “azoospermia”, “human spermatogenesis, “spermatogenic cells” and “apoptosis” and followed by screening and evaluation of collected paper accordingly. Various agents induced the apoptosis in spermatogenic cells such as high temperature, hypothermic storage, metabolite of cell culture derived and gonadotropin suppression driving to apoptosis. Thus all of the agents were paving the specific pathways of inducing apoptosis, through extrinsic and intrinsic, leading to the activation of caspase initiators followed by the activation of caspase executor in various types of spermatogenic cells.Keywords: Human spermatogenic cells, Apoptosis, Culture.
Factors Influencing Social Interactions among Nursing Home Residents (Case Study: Golabchi Nursing Home, Kashan, Iran) Shabnam Baghban Kashani
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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The present study aimed to find effective factors in promoting social interactions among elderly people as a factor influencing participation of the elderly population. The factors promoting social interactions between Golabchi nursing home residents were identified and classified using questionnaires, interviews and field observations. Then, the factors required to suitable design housing for them were identified. Afterwards, the data was analyzed and finally the most important factors promoting social interactions among nursing home residents were presented. Descriptive-analytical survey was used to conduct this research and data were imported into SPSS to be analyzed. The results showed that among the 27 identified factors related to residential satisfaction, learn ability, communicability, ease of access, walk ability, exercisability, and space standardization, had the maximum impact on increasing happiness, hope and safety in elderly people. These factors will ultimately lead to promote interactions among the elderly population.Keywords: Design for elderly, Social interaction, Personal satisfaction, Physical space.
Purification and Characterization of TRACP from Sera of Patients with Chronic Renal Failure Sura A. Abdul Sattar
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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Background and Objective Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase (TRACP) also known as type 5 acid phosphatase is a glycoprotein with basic pI , and occurring as two similar isoforms 5a and 5b with different carbohydrate content. This study aims to characterize both TRACP isoforms physico-chemically and spectrophotometrically Materials and Methods: Ion exchange chromatography was applied in order to purify TRACP isoforms (5a and 5b) from sera of control and patients with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). Results: The results indicated different specific activities of TRACP 5a and 5b and their proportional amounts in sera of patients with ESRD were different from that of the control group, they had approximate molecular weight of (36.8-39.3 KDa) and a basic isoelectric point equal to9.6 incontrol and patients with ESRD. The optimal pH for 5b is relatively higher than for 5a,the heparin (23 KU/L) had an inhibitory effect only on the activity of TRACP 5a ,the iron content of isoform 5b was found to be one mole  per one mole of enzyme, and UV spectrum of TRACP 5a was found to be  different from that of TRACP 5b in both control and patients with ESRD. Conclusion: We conclude that there are differences in the characterization of both isoform TRACP 5a and 5b in sera of end stage renal disease.Keywords: TRACP, Purification, Isoform, Characterization.
Ethnopharmacology of Boraginaceae Family- An Update Siva Krishnan
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 09 (2019) September 2019
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Ethnopharmacology studies natural medicines derived from plants and other substance that have been traditionally used by group of people to treat various human diseases. In this world, there is a dynamic relationship between plants and humans. Traditionally the plants used to cure diseases are termed as medicinal plants. Boraginaceae, the borage- or forget-me-not family, includes a variety of shrubs, trees, and herbs, totaling about 2,400 species in 146 genera found worldwide. It is effective against a variety of diseases like hepatic, cardiovascular, cancer, urolithiasis, baldder, respiratory, leprosy, syphilis, gonorrhea, aphthous ulcers, rheumatism, spleen and lung. This review reveals the traditional medicinal values of the Boraginaceae family and it will be helpful to explore the knowledge about Boraginaceae species for the researchers.

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