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INDONESIA
Indonesian Chimica Letters
Published by Universitas Jember
ISSN : -     EISSN : 29646782     DOI : https://doi.org/10.19184/icl
Core Subject : Science,
Chemistry
ICL is an international peer-reviewed and open access journal that publishes scientific articles covering all branches of chemistry: organic chemistry, physical chemistry, inorganic chemistry, analytical chemistry, biochemistry, chemometry, and applied chemistry
Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 35 Documents
 1   2   3   4 
Assessment of Proximate and Phytochemical contents of Some Herbal Snuffs Sold in Sokoto Metropolis, Nigeria Ummu Tukur; AI Umar; Sarkingobir, Yusuf; Ahmad Zayyanu
Indonesian Chimica Letters Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/icl.v2i1.344

Abstract

There is current rise in use of herbal stuffs for medicinal purposes due to accessibility, cheapness, and other reasons. But information about their contents is limited and therefore it is imperative to unveil it.  The objective of this work was to carry out determination of phytochemicals, and proximate compositions of the selected herbal snuffs in Sokoto, Nigeria.The three different herbal snuffs namely, Hajiya Aisha, Hajiya safiya, and Dr Lambo were purchased from Sokoto market, Sokoto City, Sokoto State, Nigeria. The determination of phytochemicals, and proximate compositions was performed by the methods of Association of Analytical Chemists. Alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, glycosides steroids, and terpenoids were determined. In terms of ash, the range determined is 23.00 ± 0.05 to 25.00±0.1 %. The lipid assessed was 9.10 ± 0.5 to 13.00 ± 0.05 %. 5.00 ± 0.3 to 8.20± 0.02 % was the range of protein determined. Fibre values of 6.60 ± 0.02 to 10.10± 0.5 % were reveled and 41.00 ± 0.1 to 48.10 ± 0.5 % is the range of carbohydrate assessed in the snuffs. Nevertheless, owing to the nutritional proximate values, and medicinally useful phytochemicals determined in these snuffs (Dr Lambo, Hajiya Aisha, and Hajiya Safiya) selected from sokoto, Nigeria; the snuffs are of benefits to the users in that regards. However, other scientific quality measurement studies should be done to ascertain the safety of the snuffs on human subjects.
Optimum pH Buffer of Phosphate and Carbonate on The Crude Extraction of Uricase Enzyme from Goat Liver: Uricase Wuryanti Handayani; Leyla Novita Brigiyanti; Sudarko; Istri Ratnadewi, Anak Agung
Indonesian Chimica Letters Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/icl.v2i1.365

Abstract

Uricase enzyme (urate oxidase) is an enzyme that catalyze the oxidation of uric acid in the presence of oxygen to produce allantoin, carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Human and primates do not have this enzyme while other mammals have it in the liver therefore the uricase enzymes are extracted from goat liver use a buffer that is compatible with the human buffer system. The type of buffer selected adjusted at the appropriate pH. The optimum uricase pH ranged from 7.5 to 9.5. The selection of buffer type is adjusted to the human buffer system. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of the type and pH of the extraction buffer on the total activity, protein total and specific activity of crude uricase. The types of buffer selected are phosphate buffer and carbonate buffer, while the selected pH is 7.5; 8.5; and 9.5. The method used is enzyme extraction, then determination of enzyme activity and protein content to determine the specific activity of the enzyme. The results obtained the highest total enzyme activity at pH 8.5 both in carbonate buffer (0.0481 U/mL) and phosphate buffer (0.0383 U/mL). The highest protein total in carbonate buffer was at pH 9.5 (4.55 mg/mL) while the highest value was in phosphate buffer pH 8.5 (4.1 mg/mL). The specific activity of uricase pH 8.5 was carbonate buffer (0.0114 U/mg) and phosphate buffer (0.0094 U/mg). The highest uricase specific activity value was at pH 8.5 for both carbonate and phosphate buffer types and in the long term it is used as a gout therapy.
Characterization of Polysulfone Membrane with Variation of Ethanol Concentrations in Coagulation Bath for Ultrafiltration Membrane Indarti, Dwi; Henry Adi Syahputra Sidabutar; Handayani, Wuryanti; Piluharto, Bambang
Indonesian Chimica Letters Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/icl.v2i1.366

Abstract

The aim of this research is to study influence of ethanol concentrations in coagulation bath to charecteristic of physical properties and polysulfone membrane performance. Ethanol concentrations that used is 0; 40; 50; 60 ; 70; 80; 90 %. Process of making for polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane is prepared with phase inversion technique. Polysulfone membrane is made from polysulfone solved in N,N- dimetilacetamida (DMAc) and additive poly(ethylene glikol) (PEG) 600 in proportion 18 %: 77 %: 5 %. The result showed that increasing ethanol concentrations causes the increasing of density and increase concentrations from 0 - 50 % causes increasing swelling degree, but decreasing swelling degree from concentrations 60 - 90 %. However influence of ethanol concentration in coagulation bath to membrane performance is increasing of water flux, permeability coefficient, and rejection coefficient to dextran. It based on of result that polysulfone membrane with ethanol concentrations 80 dan 90 % included membrane classification ultrafiltration by rejection coefficient value above 90 %.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Hematite (α-Fe2O3) from Indonesia Iron Sand Furqonul Hakin Al Hadi; Tanti Haryati; Novita Andarini; Suwardiyanto; Sulistiyo, Yudi Aris
Indonesian Chimica Letters Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/icl.v2i1.367

Abstract

High potency of Indonesian iron sand can be optimized by transforming to valuable iron oxide product namely Hematite (α-Fe2O3). Hydrothermal synthesis was carried out to transform iron oxide phase to hematite that can be analyzed by x-ray diffraction method. Utilization of ion sand as raw material produced multyphase in product reaction, while  the usage of Fe(OH)x that extracted from iron sand attained high purity of hematite. The best conditions of reaction were at 160 oC for 24 h. Higher temperature and longer time reaction transformed α- α-Fe2O3 to be γ-Al2O3 and Fe3O4 as more stable phase.
Effect of pH and Incubation Time on Dissolved Nitrogen During Autolityc Degradation of Chicken Intestine Aulia, Eldiani; Sjaifullah, Achmad; Handayani, Wuryanti; Busroni; Oktavianawati , Ika; Reza, Muhammad
Indonesian Chimica Letters Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/icl.v2i1.372

Abstract

Chicken intestine is a part of internal organs, which are rich in protein and protease enzymes. The protease enzyme could self-degrade (autolytic degradation process) proteins in the chicken intestine at an appropriate pH and incubation time. This process produces a shorter chain polypeptide having a higher solubility protein called protein hydrolysates. Protein hydrolysates have shown a good impact in foods and health applications. In this study, the autolytic degradation of chicken intestine was carried out to obtain protein hydrolysates. The effect of pH and incubation time on the dissolved nitrogen (%N) and protein content ([protein]) in hydrolysate from the autolytic degradation of chicken intestine explained in this paper. The incubation pH used in this study was 2.5, 3.5, 5.5., and 6.3 while the the incubation time was 0, 6, 12, and 18 h. Chicken intestine was incubated for 18 h at several different pHs, and the % N and protein content were determined by using Formol titration and Bradford methods, respectively, within       6 h intervals. It was obtained the % N and [protein] content increase at pH 2.5 and 3.5 during 18 h of incubation time and they were decreased at a higher pH. The optimum % N and [protein] content were 5.98±0.51 % and 25.3±0.04 mg mL-1, respectively, obtained at pH of 2.5 during 18 h incubation time.
The Study Redox Catalytic of KARES@PdNPs Using Formic Acid Busroni, Busroni; Yudi Aris Sulistyo; Donatus Setiawan Purwo Handoko; Novita Andarini
Indonesian Chimica Letters Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/icl.v3i1.443

Abstract

This study aims to synthesize Calixresorcine material and KARES@PdNPs nanoparticles as catalysts to support the synthesis of PdNP nanoparticles. The process of interaction of the hydroxy groups with palladium (II) cations led to a significant decrease and increase in the quality of the nanoparticles and could increase the specific quality of KARES@PdNPs nanoparticles and increase the catalytic activity of KARES@PdNPs with a very high number of PdNPs. Thus, the KARES@PdNPs is very suitable and shows a very efficient catalytic ability in the redox reaction process.
Study of The Effect of Concentration on The Level of Wetness in Chicory Leaves Using The ADSA-Overlay Method Mulyono, Tri; Ahmad Turidi; Bambang Piluharto; Dwi Indarti; Sudarko; D. Iwan Setiawan
Indonesian Chimica Letters Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/icl.v3i1.762

Abstract

It is challenging to distinguish between farmers and insecticides. Chemicals called pesticides are applied to eliminate pests in order to boost agricultural production for farmers. Using the Axisymmetric Drop Shape Analysis (ADSA)-Overlay approach, this study attempts to investigate the impact of the pesticide fipronil concentration on the degree of wetness in mustard leaves. The size of the contact angle between the mustard leaf surface and the pesticide solution determines the pesticide's wetting action. The cosine of the contact angle (θ) between the liquid insecticide and the solid surface determines the surface tension (γ). Sessile drop is the method used to assess surface tension. Chicory is the surface area that comes into touch with pesticide drops. At 25oC samples containing 50 ppm were poured onto mustard leaves using a syringe. A digital microscope that was linked to a personal computer was used to capture sessile drop pictures. Three iterations of sessile drop imaging were conducted using samples at temperatures of 27, 29, 31, 33, and 35oC. Samples of pesticide solution at concentrations of 75, 100, 125, and 150 ppm were photographed again. The reagent 50Sc pesticide's wetting level rises with an increase in fipronil content. As concentration increases, the reagent 50Sc insecticide solution's contact angle tends to get smaller.
Synthesis and Characterisation of Bentonite/Poly(Acrylic Acid) Hybrid Material for Its Application as A Catalyst in Esterification of Glycerol with Acetic Acid Sholehah, Hidayati Nur Mohammad; Suwardiyanto; Tanti Haryati; Novita Andarini; Sulistiyo, Yudi Aris
Indonesian Chimica Letters Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/icl.v3i1.798

Abstract

Bentonite/poly(acrylic acid) (BTAA) hybrid material commonly applied as superabsorbent was prepared via intercalation method coupled with in situ polymerisation of partially neutralised acrylic acid monomers. The structural characteristics of various BTAA ratios and their constituents were scrutinised using XRF, XRD, and FTIR. Basal spacing of BTAA hybrid materials decreased as a result of intercalation with polyacrylic acid. Interaction between bentonite and polyacrylic acid was also observed in the shifting and reduced intensity of O–H, C=O, and Si–O–Al absorption bands. Catalytic activity of BTAA was investigated through its ability to facilitate the esterification reaction of glycerol with acetic acid. The result suggests that catalytic activity is present in BTAA hybrid materials, as evidenced by the production of monoacetin and triacetin.
Development of Dihydrofolate Reductase Inhibitor Based on QSAR and Molecular Docking Sudarko, Sudarko; Kristiyono, Rimba Candra; Ratnadewi, Anak Agung Istri; Handayani, Wuryanti
Indonesian Chimica Letters Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/icl.v3i1.940

Abstract

QSAR modeling allows for predicting activity through quantitative relationships between molecular structure and activity. This research uses DEEPScreen, which is a development of QSAR for searching new drugs. This research leverages DEEPScreen-QSAR modeling to optimize the predictive power of machine learning algorithms on a dataset of 645 molecules from previous research. The optimized model achieves an accuracy of 0.7461 and precision of 0.8169, demonstrating its effectiveness in the virtual screening stage. The optimized DEEPscreen-QSAR model is used to screen approximately 1.9 million small molecules in the ChEMBL database, resulting in binary classification predictions of active (1) molecules as 781,213 and inactive (0) molecules as 1,133,325 (molecules with IC50 activity ≤10,000 nM are considered active). The active (1) molecules obtained are screened again to find molecules that can be absorbed by the body (orally) using Lipinski’s RO5 with 0 deviations, resulting in 557,428 active molecules that can be absorbed by the body. These screening results are validated using molecular docking methods by linking protein and ligand to determine Gibbs free energy (∆G) and interactions using PyRx, PyMOL, and Biovia Discovery Studio programs. Based on the results of this research, candidate DHFR inhibitors with codes CHEMBL3302655, CHEMBL1384989, and CHEMBL1729486 are recommended.
Analysis of Flavonoid Contents in Coffee Mistella (Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq.) Using Thin Layer Chromatography-Densitometry Techniques Saputri, Nora Dwi; Adiwinata, I Nyoman; Muflihah, Yeni Maulidah
Indonesian Chimica Letters Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/icl.v3i1.941

Abstract

Flavonoids, a class of phenolic compounds widely distributed in plants, are present in the coffee mistletoe Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq. The extraction of flavonoids from Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq leaves involve the use of methanol as a solvent in maceration extraction methods. The presence of flavonoids was ascertained through color changes from green to yellow-green, yellow, and yellow-orange when subjected to AlCl3 5%, NaOH 10%, and Mg-HCl, respectively. Thin-layer chromatography using aluminum plates coated with silica gel F254 as the stationary phase and methanol-chloroform 4:1 (v/v) as the mobile phase was employed to separate the flavonoids. The method validation demonstrated strong linearity in the concentration range of 60-130 ppm for flavonoid standard solutions, with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.998. The Limit of Detection (LOD) and Limit of Quantitation (LOQ) were determined to be 182.5 ng and 608.3 ng, respectively. Precision, expressed as Relative Standard Deviation (RSD), was found to be 5.1%, 2.8%, and 2.5% for concentrations of 80, 90, and 100 ppm, respectively. These RSD values were also less than 2/3 CV Horwitz, which were 5.5, 5.4, and 5.4. The method's accuracy was assessed through percent recovery values for each concentration (80, 90, and 100 ppm), which were found to be 102.46 ± 1.78%, 86.14 ± 1.74%, and 89.89 ± 1.44%. The flavonoid content in the dried coffee mistletoe powder was determined to be 1.404x10-2 ± 0.0007 mg per gram, with a water content of 8.7%.

Page 2 of 4 | Total Record : 35

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