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INDONESIA
Medical and Health Journal
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : -     EISSN : 28073541     DOI : https://doi.org/10.20884/1.mhj.2023.2.2.8053
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Medical and Health Journal (EISSN. 2807-3541) is containing various articles/ manuscripts in the forms of research article, systematic reviews, case reports in the field of medicine focusing on basic medicine, clinical medicine, biomedical sciences, medical biotechnology, and public health. This journal is published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, Indonesia.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 152 Documents
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The Relationship Between Stress Levels and Disease Perception in DM-TB Comorbid Patients in Gorontalo City Husain, Siti Rahma; Zainuddin, Zainuddin; Sartika, Sartika
Medical and Health Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.5.2.19376

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) and tuberculosis (TB) are chronic diseases that remain major public health problems and frequently occur concurrently as DM–TB comorbidity. This condition not only worsens patients’ physical status but also affects psychological aspects, particularly stress levels and illness perception. Patients living with two chronic diseases simultaneously tend to experience stress due to long-term treatment burdens, complications, and demands for therapeutic adherence. High stress levels may influence how patients perceive their illness, reduce motivation, and shape negative illness perceptions, which can ultimately hinder optimal disease management. This study aims to analyze the relationship between stress level and illness perception among patients with DM–TB comorbidity in Gorontalo City. This study employed a quantitative, cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of patients with DM–TB comorbidity undergoing treatment at several community health centers in Gorontalo City. Stress level was measured using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), while illness perception was assessed using the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ). Data were analyzed using statistical tests to determine the relationship between stress level and illness perception. The results showed that most patients experienced moderate to high stress levels and tended to have negative illness perceptions. Statistical analysis indicated a significant relationship between stress level and illness perception among patients with DM–TB comorbidity. The higher the patients’ stress levels, the more negative their perception of the illness. It can be concluded that psychological aspects play an essential role in the management of patients with DM–TB comorbidity; therefore, health interventions should integrate clinical and psychosocial approaches to improve treatment adherence and patients' quality of life.
Description of Uremic Pruritus in Chronic Kidney Failure Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis at Prof. Dr. Aloei Saboe Regional General Hospital Lahabu, Moh Ikbal; A. Kasim, Vivien Novarina; Maryadi, Maryadi; Djamaluddin, Nurdiana; Purwanto, Erwin
Medical and Health Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.5.2.19379

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem with a steadily increasing prevalence, particularly among patients undergoing hemodialysis. One of the most frequently reported complaints is uremic pruritus, defined as a chronic itching sensation that significantly affects patients' quality of life. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of uremic pruritus in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis at RSUD (Regional General Hospital) Prof. Dr. Aloei Saboe, Gorontalo City. This study employed a descriptive quantitative design using a total sampling technique involving 42 CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis who presented with uremic pruritus. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the 5D Itch Scale instrument. The results showed that 3 respondents (7%) experienced mild pruritus, 24 respondents (57%) experienced moderate pruritus, and 15 respondents (36%) experienced severe pruritus. The findings indicate that uremic pruritus remains a predominant clinical problem among CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis. Consequently, increased attention to assessment and management is necessary to improve patients' quality of life
Acute Toxicity Test of Tamarillo Fruit Ethanol Extract (Solanum betaceum Cav.) on the Levels of Liver Transaminase Enzymes in Male Wistar Rats Amalia, Ary Nahdiyani; Yulianti, Rini Dwi; Khumaeni, Eko Hidayaturrohman; Hardiningsih, Denok Tri
Medical and Health Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.5.2.19413

Abstract

Indonesians traditionally utilize tamarillo for its various health benefits. However, the lipophilic compounds it contains have the potential to cause hepatotoxicity and increase transaminase enzymes, namely SGPT and SGOT enzymes. The study aimed to test the toxicity of tamarillo ethanol extract acutely on SGPT and SGOT levels in male Wistar white rats. The study used a post-test only experimental design with a control group design. Fifteen rats were randomly divided into five treatment groups. Group K1 as a control was given distilled water, group K2 was given paracetamol 2.5 g/kgBW, while groups K3, K4, and K5 were each given tamarillo ethanol extract in single doses of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kgBW. After 24 hours, rat blood serum samples were taken through the orbital sinus to measure SGPT and SGOT levels using the UV test method. The results showed that the average SGPT levels increased in the K2 group by 295.34±13.31 U/L and K5 by 93.67±19.03 U/L. Meanwhile, the average SGOT levels increased in the K2 group by 874±25.06 U/L, K4 by 164.67±7.57 U/L and K5 by 213.34±13.50 U/L. The One-Way ANOVA test showed a significance value of p=0.000 in the K2 and K5 groups for SGPT, while SGOT in the K2, K4 and K5 groups. Administration of tamarillo ethanol extract can cause liver damage at doses of 400 mg/kgBW and 600 mg/kgBW.
Management of Unilateral Hyperlactation in a Mother Exclusively Breastfeeding 7-Month-Old Infant: A Case Report Hasnawati, Zumrotin; Hafiidhaturrahmah, Hafiidhaturrahmah
Medical and Health Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.5.2.19447

Abstract

Background: Hyperlactation is a condition characterized by excessive breast milk production beyond the infant’s nutritional needs, which may lead to feeding difficulties and maternal discomfort. Unilateral hyperlactation is a rare condition and may result from idiopathic mechanisms, iatrogenic factors, or a combination of both. This case report describes the mechanism and successful management of unilateral hyperlactation occurring after contralateral breast abscess surgery. Case Report: A 24-year-old lactating mother presented with excessive milk production, breast pain, and recurrent ductal obstruction in the right breast. One month prior, she had undergone surgical drainage of a left breast abscess. Her 7-month-old infant experienced breastfeeding difficulties, green frothy stools, and excessive weight gain. The condition was diagnosed as a unilateral hyperlactation of idiopathic–iatrogenic hybrid, whereby reduced stimulation of the surgically treated left breast triggered compensatory overproduction in the right breast. A comprehensive management using Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine (ABM) protocol was implemented, including laid-back breastfeeding positioning, block feeding for 14 days, and oral pseudoephedrine 60 mg twice daily. Significant clinical improvement was observed, with reduced milk production to levels appropriate for the infant’s needs, resolution of maternal symptoms, and successful continuation of breastfeeding. Conclusion: Unilateral hyperlactation following breast surgery can be effectively managed using an ABM Protocol–based approach combining block feeding and pharmacological therapy, enabling successful continuation of breastfeeding.
Ileal Atresia in a Preterm Neonate Complicated by Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Case Report Hapsari, Ariadne Tiara; Nugroho, Andika Eka; Yulyanti, Desi
Medical and Health Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.5.2.19475

Abstract

Background: Ileal atresia is a congenital intestinal obstruction that frequently affects premature neonates and is associated with high morbidity, particularly when complicated by necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and sepsis. Optimal outcomes depend not only on surgical intervention but also on comprehensive perioperative management by a multidisciplinary team, particularly neonatologists. Case Presentation: We report a male preterm neonate born at 32 weeks and 5 days of gestation with progressive abdominal distension, bilious gastric residue, and failure to pass meconium. Initial respiratory distress improved with non-invasive ventilation. However, gastrointestinal deterioration occurred on day four of life, with radiographic findings consistent with NEC stage III and pneumoperitoneum. Emergency laparotomy revealed ileal atresia, and staged surgical management was performed. Discussion: The pediatric or neonatal team played a crucial role in preoperative stabilization, including respiratory support, fluid and electrolyte correction, broad-spectrum antibiotics, and nutritional optimization. Postoperatively, close monitoring of respiratory status, infection control, gradual advancement of enteral nutrition, and growth assessment enabled recovery without major complications. Full oral feeding was achieved, and the patient was discharged in stable condition on day 27 of life. Conclusion: This case highlights the pivotal role of pediatricians or neonatologists in perioperative management of ileal atresia in premature neonates, emphasizing that meticulous supportive care significantly contributes to favorable surgical outcomes.
Characteristics of Presbycusis Patients at RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto Abdurrohman, Mukhammad Ilham; Kusdaryanto, Wahyu Dwi; Amalia, Ary Nahdiyani; Darmawan, Anton Budi; Nur Hestiyani, Rani Afifah
Medical and Health Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.5.2.19511

Abstract

Presbycusis is a progressive sensorineural hearing loss commonly affecting the elderly and significantly reducing quality of life. RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto, as a referral hospital, treats a large number of elderly patients, making characterization of presbycusis patients essential. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of presbycusis patients based on age, sex, occupation, comorbidities, and degree of hearing loss. A descriptive quantitative study with a retrospective approach was conducted using total sampling of presbycusis patients at the ENT outpatient clinic from 2022 to 2024. A total of 81 patients met the inclusion criteria. Most patients were male and aged 61–74 years. The most common occupation was farmer, and hypertension was the most frequent comorbidity. Hearing loss was generally bilateral with moderate to moderately severe degree.
In Silico Analysis of Moringa oleifera Leaf Phytochemicals as Potential DNA Gyrase Inhibitor in Salmonella typhi Kusuma, Meike Tiya; Umam, Muzid Syauqil; Birhi, Damiana Nofita
Medical and Health Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.5.2.19522

Abstract

Salmonella typhi is an infectious bacterium leading to typhoid fever, that is increasing in cases worldwide each year. Due to the resistance to antibiotics, the discovery of safer and efficacious drugs remains important. This study evaluates the potential interaction of M. oleifera phytochemical compounds against DNA gyrase of Salmonella typhi using an in silico molecular docking approach. Ligand’s phytochemicals were retrieved from the PubChem database, while the three-dimensional structure of DNA Gyrase subunit A and subunit B were obtained from the Protein Data Bank (PDB ID: 5ZJT and 6J90). Molecular docking was done using PyRx software and BIOVIA Discovery Studio as visualization software. Phytochemical compounds that had higher predictive binding affinity to DNA gyrase subunit A were Naringenin (∆G=-7.9 kcal/mol), 6-Prenylnaringenin (∆G=-8.1 kcal/mol), 6-Methoxypodophyllotoxin (∆G=-7.9 kcal/mol). Brefeldin A- DNA gyrase subunit A complex had the same binding affinity to ciprofloxacin (∆G=-7.7 kcal/mol). Phytochemical compounds that had higher predictive binding affinity to DNA gyrase subunit B were Naringenin (∆G=-8.9 kcal/mol), 6-Prenylnaringenin (∆G=-8.8 kcal/mol), 3',4'-Dimethoxy-7-hydroxyflavone (∆G=-8.6 kcal/mol), Sinapoyl malate (∆G=-7.8 kcal/mol), and Sinapoyl malate-4'-methyl ester (∆G=-8.3 kcal/mol). These findings suggest that phytochemical compounds from M. oleifera leaves may act as potential DNA gyrase inhibitors. However, further in vitro and in vivo validation is required to confirm its antibacterial activity.
Beyond Survival: Multisystem Life-Threatening Illness in an Infant with Congenital Heart Disease and Sepsis Oliviany, Windy; Pratidina, Rr. Wening Gelar; Kinanti, Luhung Sekar
Medical and Health Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.5.2.19603

Abstract

Introduction: Congenital malformations are a leading cause of infant disability and mortality. Congenital infections, particularly cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Toxoplasma gondii, are associated with structural abnormalities of multiple organ systems, including congenital heart disease (CHD). In utero infection may disrupt cardiac organogenesis, increasing the risk of heart failure. Infants with CHD are also highly susceptible to sepsis, frequently requiring pediatric intensive care. Managing life-threatening conditions in infants presents significant clinical challenges, including complex therapeutic decisions, drug dosing, and multidisciplinary care. Case Report: A 1-month-old male infant presented with poor feeding and lethargy. He had been previously diagnosed with failure to thrive and CHD consisting of atrial septal defect (ASD) and ventricular septal defect (VSD). Further evaluation revealed heart failure (Ross III), congenital CMV and toxoplasmosis infections, sepsis, bronchopneumonia, prolonged jaundice, and hydrocele dextra. The patient required PICU admission for 6 days followed by 7 days of inpatient care. Clinical improvement was achieved following comprehensive medical management, and the patient was discharged in stable condition. Conclusion: Congenital infections may play a critical role in the development and clinical severity of CHD, contributing to heart failure and increased susceptibility to sepsis. Early recognition and integrated multidisciplinary management are essential to improve outcomes in infants with multiple life-threatening conditions, emphasizing care that extends beyond survival toward functional recovery..
Indicators of Mothers’ Knowledge Regarding Completeness of Basic Imunization for Children Aged 0-24 Months in Kota Tengah Public Health Centre, Gorontalo Indrawati, Indrawati; Modjo, Dewi; Haruna, Ariel Syafrianto
Medical and Health Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.5.2.19605

Abstract

Immunization is a crucial preventive measure to protect children from infectious diseases. A significant decline in coverage is often influenced by the role of mothers as the primary decision-makers in children's health.This study aimed to describe maternal knowledge indicators and their relationship with the completeness of basic immunization for children aged 0-24 months. Utilizing a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach, the study was conducted on 42 respondents in the Kota Tengah Public Health Center work area, selected through accidental sampling. Data were collected using knowledge questionnaires and Maternal and Child Health (MCH) books, and then analyzed descriptively and using the Chi-square test. The results show that while the majority of mothers understand the definition of immunization, approximately one-third of respondents still have misconceptions regarding the types, benefits, and schedules of vaccinations. Statistical tests reveal a significant relationship between the level of maternal knowledge and immunization completeness (p=0.001), where mothers with better knowledge tend to be more compliant in completing their children's immunization status. In conclusion, maternal knowledge is a vital determinant in the success of immunization programs. More comprehensive health education strategies and continuous guidance for parents are highly necessary to raise awareness and ensure optimal child health protection at the public health center level.
Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Effects of Medicinal Plants in Modulating Oxidative Stress: A Systematic Review from Athletic Performance to Vital Organ Protection Azzizah, Isma Nur; Zahroh, Endah Wati; Dewi, Arifiana Wungu Kartika; Cahya, Dini Aulia
Medical and Health Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.5.2.19721

Abstract

Oxidative stress constitutes a major pathophysiological mechanism in conditions ranging from exercise-induced muscle fatigue to chronic organ damage including diabetic nephropathy and ischemic stroke. Medicinal plants offer therapeutic potential through bioactive compounds that modulate cellular defense pathways. This systematic review evaluated the molecular mechanisms and clinical efficacy of medicinal plants (Kaempferia galanga, Nigella sativa, Panax ginseng, and other herbal formulations) in managing oxidative stress across diverse health contexts. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using reputable databases. Studies measuring oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA, SOD) and cellular signaling pathways (Nrf2, NF-κB, PI3K/AKT) were included. Results showed that N. sativa and K. galanga supplementation in athletes significantly reduced MDA levels and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6), accelerating post-exercise recovery. Bioactive compounds including Ginsenoside Ro and Kaempferide demonstrated organ-protective effects through Nrf2/HO-1 activation, autophagy promotion, and mitochondrial protection in ocular and renal tissues. These findings indicate that medicinal plants exert cytoprotective effects by activating endogenous antioxidant systems. The therapeutic spectrum spanning athletic performance enhancement to chronic organ protection underscores the translational potential of herbal interventions as promising antioxidant agents.

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