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Medical and Health Journal
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : -     EISSN : 28073541     DOI : https://doi.org/10.20884/1.mhj.2023.2.2.8053
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Medical and Health Journal (EISSN. 2807-3541) is containing various articles/ manuscripts in the forms of research article, systematic reviews, case reports in the field of medicine focusing on basic medicine, clinical medicine, biomedical sciences, medical biotechnology, and public health. This journal is published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, Indonesia.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 152 Documents
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Association Between Prematurity and Neonatal Sepsis: A Case–Control Study at a Tertiary Referral Hospital in Indonesia Hapsari, Ariadne Tiara; Krisniawati, Nia; Syiraz, Thauriq Azfa; Pratidina, Rr. Wening Gelar
Medical and Health Journal Vol 5 No 1 (2025): August
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2025.5.1.17292

Abstract

Background: Neonatal sepsis remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in newborns, particularly among preterm infants whose immature organ systems and immune defenses increase their vulnerability to infection. Evidence on the association between prematurity and neonatal sepsis remains variable across settings, highlighting the need for context-specific research. Objective: To examine the association between prematurity and the occurrence of neonatal sepsis at a tertiary referral hospital in Indonesia. Methods: A hospital-based analytic observational study with an unmatched case–control design was conducted at Margono Soekarjo Regional Hospital, Central Java, Indonesia, from June to November 2024. Medical records of neonates admitted in 2023 were reviewed. Cases were neonates diagnosed with sepsis, while controls had no sepsis diagnosis. A total of 136 neonates were selected using simple random sampling, with 68 cases and 68 controls. Data were analyzed using Chi-square tests and odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Preterm birth was more frequent among cases (64.7%) compared to controls (32.4%). The majority of sepsis cases were moderate-to-late preterm (41.2%) and predominantly late-onset (86.8%). Bivariable analysis demonstrated a significant association between prematurity and neonatal sepsis (χ² = 14.248, p < 0.001), with an OR of 3.833 (95% CI: 1.883–7.805), indicating that preterm neonates had nearly four times higher risk of developing sepsis than term neonates. Conclusion: Prematurity is a significant risk factor for neonatal sepsis, particularly late-onset cases, in this tertiary care setting. These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted infection prevention strategies and enhanced clinical monitoring for preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units.
Psoriasis Vulgaris Complicated by Secondary Tinea Pedis Infection: A Case Report Sylviningrum, Thianti; Anjarwati, Dwi Utami
Medical and Health Journal Vol 5 No 1 (2025): August
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2025.5.1.17324

Abstract

Background: The coexistence of psoriasis vulgaris and tinea pedis presents significant diagnostic challenges due to similar clinical presentations. Chronic topical corticosteroid therapy may predispose psoriatic patients to secondary fungal infections through local immunosuppression. Case report: A 34-year-old female presented with a one-year history of erythematous, scaly, thickened lesions on bilateral feet extending above ankles, knees, elbows, and inguinal areas. Initial psoriasis vulgaris diagnosis led to treatment with topical desoximetasone 0.25% twice daily and oral cetirizine once 10mg daily. While other body sites improved significantly, bilateral foot lesions showed minimal response. Skin biopsy revealed characteristic psoriatic features including parakeratosis, Munro microabscesses, and epidermal acanthosis. Lactophenol cotton blue staining demonstrated septate hyphae with conidia consistent with Trichophyton species, confirming concurrent tinea pedis. Treatment was modified to fluconazole 150 mg weekly, topical ketoconazole 2% twice daily, and temporary corticosteroid discontinuation, resulting in significant improvement of foot lesions after three weeks.Summary: This case demonstrates the importance of comprehensive diagnostic evaluation when standard psoriasis treatment fails where the differential treatment response across anatomical sites served as a crucial indicator for further investigation emphasizing systematic approaches incorporating histopathological and microbiological examinations..
Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Prognostic Biomarker for Overall Survival in Glioma Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Yogyakarta, Indonesia Ermawati, Tutik
Medical and Health Journal Vol 5 No 1 (2025): August
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2025.5.1.17532

Abstract

Background: Glioma is the most common primary brain tumor in adults, with a generally poor prognosis despite advances in treatment. Inflammation plays a role in tumor initiation, progression, and invasion. The platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is a minimally invasive, cost-effective biomarker that may predict overall survival (OS) in glioma patients. Objective: This Study aims to evaluate the association between pre-treatment PLR and overall survival in patients with glioma. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included glioma patients treated at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital and affiliated hospitals in Yogyakarta between 2017–2022. PLR was calculated from pre-treatment complete blood counts. The optimal cut-off value was determined via ROC curve analysis. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression were performed to evaluate associations between PLR and OS, adjusting for age, sex, tumor grade, size, location, surgery type, and Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS). Results: A total of 149 patients were included (median age: 48 years; 57.7% male; 69.1% high-grade glioma). The optimal PLR cut-off was 236.77 (AUC = 0.591; sensitivity = 42.9%; specificity = 77.8%). Median OS was 14.1 months for PLR < 236.77 versus 5.8 months for PLR ≥ 236.77. High PLR was associated with increased mortality risk (HR = 2.18; 95% CI: 1.37–3.45).nConclusion: Elevated pre-treatment PLR is independently associated with shorter OS in glioma patients. PLR may serve as a simple, inexpensive prognostic biomarker in clinical practice, particularly in resource-limited settings.
Microrna Profile of Plasma Exosomes by Nanostrings in Early Onset Compared Late Onset Preeclampsia: Preliminary Study Sumawan, Herman; Pradjatmo, Heru; Hadiati, Diah Rumekti; Mubarika, Sofia; Giantari, Ifrinda
Medical and Health Journal Vol 5 No 1 (2025): August
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2025.5.1.17598

Abstract

Research on miRNA biomarkers in preeclampsia as part of screening, diagnosis, and prognosis has been widely conducted, but the results show contradictory results and vary based on the type of preeclampsia. This study aims to compare the profile of plasma exosome miRNA in early onset compared late onset as a preliminary study to identify the miRNA profile of preeclampsia patients in Indonesia. The study was conducted at Margono Hospital,Indonesia using plasma exosomes samples of three patients with early-onset preeclampsia and three patients with late-onset preeclampsia and processed with NanoStrings. KEGG was used to identify preeclampsia pathophysiological pathways by bioinformatic analysis of DIANA-miRPath v3.0 and microT-CDS v5.0. The results showed that the characteristics of parity, hemoglobin, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, proteinuria and BMI did not differ between EOPE and LOPE. Significantly different variables were the age of the EOPE (28 ± 5.29) vs LOPE (38.67 ± 2.06 mmHg), pregnancy weight gain (10.0 vs 15.33), and fetal weight in EOPE (1550 ± 132 g) vs LOPE (2693 ± 716 g). The results showed that the 24 miRNAs differed significantly. The three highest expression miRNAs in the EOPE group were miR-196b-5p, miR-190a-5p, and miR-515-3p. In contrast, the three lowest expression miRNAs are miR-3179, miR-181a-5p, and miR-15b-5p. Pathway analysis of the upregulated miRNA involved the ErbB signalling pathway, Proteoglycan in cancer, and Lysin degradation. Downregulated miRNA targets involved in the HIPPO signalling pathway, fatty acid biosynthesis, and TGF-β signalling pathway. Conclusions: The preliminary study results indicated significant differences in miRNA expression, suggesting that EOPE is influenced by aggressive cellular signaling and metabolic dysregulation, while LOPE is more linked to the disruption of growth-inhibiting pathways and fatty acid metabolism. These unique miRNAs establish a robust foundation for subsequent validation studies utilizing bigger samples as a prospective biomarker panel.
Effect of Durian Rind Nanocellulose Addition on the Vickers Hardness of Self-Cure Acrylic Resin Fabricated By Spray-on Method Imam, Dian Noviyanti Agus; Purnama, Ryana Budi; Satrio, Rinawati; Rochmawati, Mutia
Medical and Health Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.5.2.16998

Abstract

Self-cure acrylic resin is commonly used to fabricate orthodontic baseplates in removable appliances. However, it exhibits relatively low hardness, making it susceptible to wear and deformation under masticatory forces. The addition of reinforcing materials can enhance mechanical properties such as hardness. Nanocellulose derived from durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) rind, an agricultural waste product, is a promising bio-based reinforcing material. This study aimed to determine the effect of durian rind nanocellulose addition on the Vickers hardness of self-cure acrylic resin fabricated using the spray-on method.This laboratory experimental study employed a posttest-only control group design. Durian rind nanocellulose was synthesized via acid hydrolysis and characterized using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to confirm morphology and functional groups before incorporation into the acrylic resin. The nanocellulose was dispersed in monomer using ultrasonic homogenization for 5 minutes to ensure uniform distribution, then applied to polymer powder using the spray-on method. Twenty-four samples were divided into three groups (n=8): 2% nanocellulose, 3% nanocellulose, and control (0% nanocellulose). The highest mean hardness value was found in the 2% nanocellulose group (30.77 ± 1.03 VHN), while the lowest was in the control group (26.90 ± 0.79 VHN). Data were normally distributed and homogeneous (Shapiro-Wilk and Levene tests). One-way ANOVA revealed significant differences among groups (p<0.05), with post hoc LSD tests confirming significant pairwise differences. This study concludes that durian rind nanocellulose addition significantly increases the Vickers hardness of self-cure acrylic resin fabricated by the spray-on method compared to the control group
The Effect Of Hydrogen Peroxide (H₂O₂) in Yoghurt (Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus) on Inhibiting the Growth of Streptococcus pyogenes Peramiarti, IDSAP; Adrianto, Rifqi Akmal
Medical and Health Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.5.2.17017

Abstract

Yoghurt is a food product made from milk fermented with lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which provides various health benefits, including enhancing immunity through the production of lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide, diacetyl, and bacteriocins. Several studies have reported that LAB-fermented yoghurt can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Streptococcus pyogenes is a gram-positive bacterium that forms chain like colonies, is small, round in shape, has a smooth surface, and produces grayish-white pigmentation on blood agar. S. pyogenes can cause respiratory infections such as pharyngitis, and skin infections such as impetigo, cellulitis, and erysipelas. This study aimed to investigate the role of hydrogen peroxide in yoghurt (L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus) in inhibiting the growth of S. pyogenes. This was an experimental study using a post-test-only control group design. Bacterial colony counts were performed using a colony counter. A total of 60 samples were used, with three repetitions, two dilutions, and ten concentration groups (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%), with 0% serving as the control. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by the Spearman Rho test. The results showed that yoghurt inhibited the growth of S. pyogenes, and the 30% yoghurt concentration, containing 0.32 mmol/L hydrogen peroxide, was the minimum inhibitory concentration. Kruskal-Wallis analysis showed significant differences among groups (p<0.05), and the Spearman Rho test indicated a significant correlation (p<0.05) between the variables.
Prevalence of Hepatitis C in Hemodialysis Patients in Indonesia Wahyudin, Anto; Humardhani, Ariadi; Lelosutan, Syafruddin A. R.
Medical and Health Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.5.2.17849

Abstract

Hepatitis C (HCV) is a blood-borne viral infection and a major cause of global morbidity and mortality. Indonesia is one of six countries contributing to 50% of the global HCV burden, with a prevalence of 0.5% in the general population. HCV infection is more frequently observed in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis due to nosocomial transmission. This study employed a literature review method by searching articles published between 2015 and 2025 in Google Scholar, PubMed, and ProQuest, yielding 11 eligible studies. The analysis shows that the prevalence of HCV among hemodialysis patients in Indonesia ranges from 3.7% to 56.3%, with the highest rate reported at H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan (56.3%) and the lowest at Banyu Bening Hospital Boyolali (3.7%). Most infected patients are male and over 45 years of age. These variations indicate that male sex and older age serve as risk factors for HCV infection in hemodialysis patients.
Secondary Spontaneous Pneumothorax in Recurrent Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Case Report Aprilia, Dhea; Ar Nur, Buti Ariani; Ulfahimayati, Ulfahimayati
Medical and Health Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.5.2.18042

Abstract

Background: Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax is a potentially life threatening complication that may occur in patients with underlying pulmonary diseases, including pulmonary tuberculosis. In recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis, residual lung damage such as cavitation, fibrosis, and bullae increases the risk of alveolar rupture, leading to pneumothorax. Objective: To describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic findings, management, and outcome of a patient with secondary spontaneous pneumothorax associated with recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis. Case Presentation: A 21 year old male with a history of pulmonary tuberculosis two years prior presented to the emergency department with sudden onset shortness of breath and pleuritic chest pain. Physical examination and chest radiography revealed an avascular radiolucent area in the right lung, consistent with pneumothorax. A rapid molecular sputum test was positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A diagnosis of right sided secondary spontaneous pneumothorax due to recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis was established. The patient underwent needle decompression followed by the placement of a water sealed drainage (WSD) system. Anti tuberculosis therapy was reinitiated according to the national treatment protocol. Results: Follow up chest radiographs demonstrated progressive lung re expansion, accompanied by significant clinical improvement. The patient’s condition stabilized, and no further complications were observed during hospitalization. Conclusion: Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax in patients with recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis represents an emergency condition that requires rapid diagnosis and appropriate management. The combination of WSD insertion and anti tuberculosis therapy proved effective in promoting lung re-expansion and improving clinical outcomes. Heightened clinical awareness of this complication is essential to improve prognosis in patients with recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis.
Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma with Intracranial Extension and Bilateral Cervical Lymphadenopathy: A Case Report Anisah, Nabiilah Ayu; Rahmawati, Indah; Rahmi, Hastuti
Medical and Health Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.5.2.18060

Abstract

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelial malignancy that is often found in Southeast Asia and is ranked sixth as the most common cancer in Indonesia. This disease is often diagnosed at an advanced stage due to nonspecific initial symptoms. Case Description: A 72-year-old man presented with chronic epistaxis, bilateral nasal obstruction, tinnitus, and bilateral neck node enlargement. Nasoendoscopy revealed a mass obscuring the fossa of Rosenmüller, while a contrast-enhanced CT scan revealed an infiltrative lesion in the nasopharynx extending to the skull base and intracranially with multiple cervical lymphadenopathy. Histopathology revealed nasopharyngeal nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma, stage T4N3Mx. Management and Outcome: The patient was referred for concomitant chemoradiotherapy as standard therapy for advanced stage, with planned follow-up at an oncology center. Discussion: This case highlights the association between smoking and salted fish consumption with the occurrence of NPC and the challenges of early diagnosis due to symptoms resembling chronic rhinitis. Conclusion: Recognizing recurrent epistaxis and painless neck node enlargement is crucial for early detection of NPC. A multidisciplinary approach and integrated chemoradiotherapy play a significant role in improving patient prognosis.
Mental and Emotional Changes in the Elderly: A Literature Review Pambudi, Balqis Prudena Kurnia; Senna, Cantika Brilliant; Sugiono, Muhammad Rafly Adrian; Mahardika, Agustine
Medical and Health Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.5.2.18229

Abstract

Emotional and mental changes in the elderly represent a psychological adaptation process that occurs with aging, encompassing shifts in thinking, emotional responses, and social interactions. A deeper understanding of this topic is essential for designing effective interventions aimed at improving the quality of life of older adults. Elderly individuals are vulnerable to experiencing issues such as excessive anxiety, profound sadness, loneliness, guilt, and decreased self-esteem. These conditions may be triggered by internal factors, including neurobiological changes and chronic stress, as well as external factors, such as age discrimination and social isolation. Such changes significantly impact various dimensions of the elderly’s quality of life, including physical, psychological, social, and spiritual aspects. Therefore, a holistic approach that involves the active role of the family in providing emotional and social support is crucial. Non-pharmacological interventions, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), meditation, and physical activity, have been proven effective in preventing and managing mental health problems in older adults and in promoting overall well-being.

Page 13 of 16 | Total Record : 152

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