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Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research
Published by Universitas Tanjungpura
ISSN : -     EISSN : 29884942     DOI : https://doi.org/10.26418/tajor
Core Subject : Humanities, Education,
Humanities Other
Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research focuses on the sport sciences, sport health, sport coaching,physical activity
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 61 Documents
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Comparative analysis of body composition in youth elite football players: Insights from professional academies Ivanov, Danail
Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research Vol 3, No 2 (2025): Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research
Publisher : Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/tajor.v3i2.90501

Abstract

Background and Study Aim. Body composition plays an important role in determining athletic performance in soccer. Optimal levels of muscle mass and body fat percentage are key factors that influence speed, endurance, strength and overall physical readiness. Understanding and monitoring these parameters is crucial for player development, allowing coaches to design effective training programs tailored to their individual needs.Material and Methods. This study examined the body composition profiles of 66 football players from the academy of PFC Levski Sofia, categorized into four age groups: U15, U16, U17, and second team. Measurements were taken using the InBody 230 bioelectrical impedance analyzer, which assesses key metrics such as skeletal muscle mass, body fat percentage, BMI and fat-free mass. To identify significant age-related trends, advanced statistical methods were used, including descriptive analysis, ANOVA, and regression analysis.Results. The ANOVA results validated these findings, by showing statistically significant differences between age groups (F-statistic = 1199.91, p 0.05). These results confirmed that anthropometric indices, including weight, height, BMI, and body fat percentage, varied significantly across different age categories, highlighting the importance of customized training and nutrition strategies at each stage of development. The findings revealed a consistent increase in body weight, height and BMI with age, accompanied by a significant decrease in body fat percentage. These trends are in line with existing literature, which reinforces the importance of body composition monitoring as part of player development.Conclusions. This study underscores the importance of body composition monitoring in optimizing performance, preventing injury, and guiding individualized training programs for elite youth soccer players. Customized training and nutrition strategies are essential to ensure optimal physical development and long-term success in competitive soccer.
Psychological interventions and sports performance: A systematic and bibliometric review Khandare, Ravindra Baliram
Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research Vol 3, No 2 (2025): Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research
Publisher : Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/tajor.v3i2.89429

Abstract

Background and Study Aim. This trend supports the importance of developing psychological interventions in sport contexts and suggests that the field has potential for further growth, both in terms of theoretical and applied research. This study aimed to systematically review and analyze the scientific literature on psychological interventions in relation to sports performance through a bibliometric approach. Material and Methods. Using a comprehensive search strategy across Scopus databases. Relevant publications from 2013 to 2024 were identified and examined based on authorship, institutional affiliation, country of origin, publication source, and subject area. The strategy process used PICO and PRISMA with the final result of 20 articles. Results. The findings show that research output on this topic has gradually increased over the years, with significant contributions from the United States, Spain and the United Kingdom. The most prominent subject areas include psychology, health professions and medicine, underlining the multidisciplinary nature of the field. Notably, no single author or institution dominates the field, indicating diverse and globalized research interests. Journals such as Healthcare Switzerland and the Journal of Physical Education and Sport have emerged as key publication platforms. Conclusions. This review highlights the growing recognition of the role of psychological interventions in improving athletic performance, while identifying gaps and future directions for research in this domain.
Effective VAR management and its impact on refereeing governance: A study of Kurdistan region fans in the Iraq Stars League Sulaiman, Sarkaft Rashed; Zeebaree, Mohammed R. Yaseen; Ramadhan, Bewar Mohammed
Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research Vol 3, No 2 (2025): Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research
Publisher : Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/tajor.v3i2.92816

Abstract

Background. The implementation of Video Assistant Referee (VAR) technology represents one of the most significant administrative innovations in modern football management, particularly in leagues with pre-existing governance challenges. The Iraq Stars League introduced VAR in the 2024-2025 season, creating an opportunity to examine its impact on perceived refereeing fairness. This study aims to evaluate the effective management of VAR technology implementation and its impact on refereeing governance in the Iraq Stars League, with particular focus on the perceptions of Kurdistan Region clubs' supporters. Methods. Using an administrative survey methodology, this research analyzed data from 200 participants supporting three Kurdistan Region clubs (Duhok, Zakho, and Erbil). The study employed a quantitative approach with a validated instrument measuring technology knowledge, management transparency, perceived bias, and satisfaction with technology impact. Results. Data revealed significant differences in perceptions between fan bases, with Zakho supporters expressing the lowest satisfaction levels regarding VAR transparency. Statistical analysis documented substantial historical governance challenges affecting Kurdistan Region clubs and indicated only moderate improvement in perceived refereeing fairness following VAR introduction. While all stakeholder groups reported significant improvements in perceived administrative fairness after VAR implementation, these ratings still remained below neutral, indicating persistent concerns. Conclusion. The findings highlight that while VAR improves perceptions of refereeing fairness, it cannot resolve underlying governance issues in regions with existing tensions. The study offers recommendations to enhance transparency in developing football league management.
The effectiveness of experiential learning strategy to developing some fixed-case football plans for students Ebrahim, Taher Yahya; Hussein, Saif Al-Haq Jasim Abdul
Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research Vol 3, No 2 (2025): Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research
Publisher : Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/tajor.v3i2.90311

Abstract

Background and Study Aim. The rapid changes in various aspects of life require the optimal investment of mental potential and the building of a balanced personality in various aspects, especially since there is a need to develop the abilities of learners in all aspects to confront daily problems. The importance of the research was represented in constructing a scale of offensive skills and fixed-state plans in football for students, and realizing the relationship between them. Material and Methods. By creating two identical groups, the researchers employed the experimental technique. The sample consisted of thirty third-stage students from the University of Babylon's College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, whereas the research community consisted of one hundred students. Results. The researchers also attribute the reasons for the differences in learning to the effect of using the (experiential learning) strategy, which is planning and implementing educational units, which facilitated the process of understanding the plans of the fixed offensive situations in modern football and absorbing them in their five sections (decision-making, implementation, movement, movement without the ball, coverage). Conclusions. There are statistically significant moral differences for the experiential learning strategy in creative thinking and some offensive situations and fixed-case plans in football for students. And also there are statistically significant moral differences for the experiential learning strategy in the development of some offensive situations in football for students.
The impact of coach gender on team performance: A quantitative analysis of women's five-a-side basketball leagues Kulaijiang, Palizha
Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research Vol 3, No 3 (2025): Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research
Publisher : Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/tajor.v3i3.94719

Abstract

Background and Study Aim. As women's participation in professional sports continues to grow, the presence and impact of female coaches have attracted increasing scholarly attention. Despite this, empirical evidence regarding the effect of coach gender on team performance remains inconclusive. This study aims to examine the causal impact of head coach gender on team performance in women"™s professional five-a-side basketball leagues, while also investigating the moderating effect of managerial discretion. Material and Methods. This quantitative study utilized a dataset comprising 406 team-season observations from the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) and Women's Chinese Basketball Association (WCBA) spanning 1997 to 2024. Team performance was assessed using the TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) method. A weighted least squares (WLS) regression model was employed to estimate the impact of coach gender, while managerial discretion was proxied using coach firing records. Control variables included coach age, professional experience, education level, and tenure. Results. The analysis revealed that female head coaches significantly enhanced team performance, supporting the first hypothesis. However, this positive effect was weakened under conditions of high managerial discretion, supporting the second hypothesis. Additionally, older coaches were positively associated with team outcomes, whereas professional experience, education level, and tenure exhibited negative associations. Conclusions. The findings underscore the complex dynamics of gender in coaching effectiveness and highlight the importance of equitable promotion practices within professional sports organizations. Limitations include the relatively low statistical significance of some variables and the absence of mediating factors. Future research should consider integrating player- and club-level data to provide a more comprehensive understanding.
The unfixable brain: Confirmation bias and chronic traumatic encephalopathy in football Ream, Carrington; Jung, Hoyoon
Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research Vol 3, No 3 (2025): Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research
Publisher : Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/tajor.v3i3.93085

Abstract

Background and Study Aim. Despite strong evidence linking football to chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), skepticism persists among athletes and sport stakeholders. Research suggests individuals often resist health information that challenges core aspects of their identity. Material and Methods. In this study, we examined whether football players demonstrate confirmation bias when evaluating CTE research and whether their responses differ by their level of athletic identification. Participants (N = 72) were randomly assigned to read either a CTE-focused article or a control article on AIDS. They then completed a questionnaire assessing article credibility and agreement with risk-related statements. To assess the potential role of identity-protective reasoning, the study also included a measure of athletic self-concept to evaluate its moderating influence on participants' interpretations. Responses were analyzed both at the group level and at the level of individual item endorsement. Results. Results showed no significant differences in credibility ratings between athlete and nonathlete groups. However, item-level analysis revealed that football players were more likely to agree that playing football is worth the risk of CTE and were less likely to support precautionary reflection. These patterns suggest that identity salience may drive selective acceptance of health information. Although football players may accept the scientific legitimacy of CTE, they interpret its implications in ways that protect their athletic identity and justify continued participation. Conclusions. The study contributes to ongoing discussions about risk rationalization, identity-protective cognition, and resistance to health messaging in athletic contexts. Findings also underscore the importance of tailoring health communication to align with the values and commitments of sport-identified populations.
Coaching diversity in Bulgarian youth football: A factorial, cluster, and SWOT analysis of methodologies and development strategies Ivanov, Danail
Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research Vol 3, No 3 (2025): Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research
Publisher : Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/tajor.v3i3.96271

Abstract

Background. Contemporary youth football development requires evidence-based coaching methodologies that align with both theoretical models and practical demands. However, discrepancies between elite and grassroots coaching approaches remain underexplored. This study aimed to identify prevailing pedagogical profiles among Bulgarian youth football coaches and to analyze the systemic factors shaping coaching practice. Methods. A mixed-methods design was employed, combining exploratory factor analysis (EFA), cluster analysis, and SWOT (strengths"“weaknesses"“opportunities"“threats) diagnostics. Data were collected from a national sample of 392 UEFA-licensed coaches working at different age and club levels. Results. Three pedagogical profiles emerged: game-based (28.1% variance, α = 0.85), technical/traditional (21.4%, α = 0.77), and tactical/structured (15.8%, α = 0.79). While elite academies favored tactical frameworks, grassroots coaches predominantly used isolated drills (λ = 0.82), revealing a clear gap between coaching theory and field application. SWOT findings indicated strong coach dedication and player motivation (95 mentions), but also systemic weaknesses such as methodological inconsistency (52 mentions) and infrastructural deficits. Opportunities included the integration of digital tools and sports science, whereas threats focused on talent emigration and limited funding. Conclusions. There is a need for greater coherence between pedagogical models and everyday coaching practices, particularly at the grassroots level. Contributions: This study introduces the first data-driven typology of Bulgarian youth coaches and offers actionable insights for modernizing coach education systems through frameworks such as Teaching Games for Understanding (TGFU) and the Constraints-Led Approach (CLA).
Effect of Chinese qualification intervention to reduce pain indicators and improving efficiency of ankle injuries for female students Ibrahim, Hani Khalil
Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research Vol 3, No 3 (2025): Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research
Publisher : Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/tajor.v3i3.96717

Abstract

Background. Ankle injuries are common among physically active female students and often result in pain, reduced mobility, and limitations in daily activities. Effective rehabilitation approaches are essential to accelerate recovery and restore function. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an integrated rehabilitation program combining therapeutic exercises with acupuncture in improving ankle joint function. Methods. The study employed an experimental method with two groups: the first received a rehabilitation program using elastic ropes and medicine balls combined with acupuncture, while the second received the same program without acupuncture. Key outcome measures included pain level, ankle joint range of motion, and ability to perform daily activities. Results. Results demonstrated significant improvements in both groups (p < 0.05). However, the group receiving acupuncture achieved greater gains, with a 54% reduction in pain compared to 42% in the control group, a 60% improvement in ankle range of motion compared to 45%, and a 61% improvement in daily activities compared to 49%. Statistical analysis confirmed that the combined program was significantly more effective. Conclusions. In conclusion, integrating acupuncture with therapeutic exercises enhanced rehabilitation outcomes, accelerating recovery and improving quality of life for students with ankle injuries. This study contributes evidence supporting the use of complementary methods in sports rehabilitation. The findings recommend that physical therapy and sports rehabilitation centers adopt combined approaches that integrate traditional Chinese techniques with modern therapeutic exercises.
Coaching without a compass: Why the Philippines needs a national framework for coaching education Balore, Julibert Jr Noynoyan; Suniga, John Paul C.; Jurek, Joanna Michalina
Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research Vol 3, No 3 (2025): Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research
Publisher : Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/tajor.v3i3.94209

Abstract

Background and Study Aim. Coaches play a critical role in athlete development, yet coaching education in the Philippines remains fragmented, decentralized, and under-regulated. Despite the growing success of Filipino athletes on the international stage, the absence of a national framework has resulted in inconsistent certification standards, limited access to continuing professional development (CPD), and uneven opportunities for career progression. This study aims to address this gap by proposing a unified National Coaching Education Framework (NCEF) for the Philippines. Material and Methods. The study employed a policy-oriented approach that combined a structured literature review with comparative policy analysis of international models such as Canada"™s National Coaching Certification Program (NCCP), the United Kingdom"™s Coaching Certificate (UKCC), and Singapore"™s Continuing Coach Education (CCE) Program. Thematic analysis was conducted across academic literature, government reports, and institutional documents. Results. Findings reveal four critical issues: (1) fragmentation and lack of standardization in certification, (2) limited access to CPD, (3) inequities in affordability and regional accessibility, and (4) a disconnect between academic preparation and applied coaching practice. Based on these insights, the proposed NCEF introduces a tiered certification system"”community, developmental, and elite/high-performance coaches"”supported by mandatory CPD, ethics, and safeguarding standards. Conclusions. This framework contributes to the professionalization of coaching in the Philippines while aligning with international benchmarks. It also provides practical implications for policymakers and institutions, offering a pathway toward a more equitable, accountable, and sustainable coaching system.
Mindfulness training as a tool to enhance psychological resilience and speed decision-making in badminton referees Karim, Taha Yousef; Hassan, Ahmed Sami; Abdulrahman, Mustafa Adnan; Hassan, Marwan Abdulnabi; Mohammed, Ahmed Khalil
Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research Vol 3, No 3 (2025): Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research
Publisher : Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/tajor.v3i3.93958

Abstract

Background and Study Aim. Competitive sport referees, in most cases, usually are cognitively demanding, and this can lead to their inability to focus, cope with their own feelings, and make good decisions. In badminton, where quick decision-making is inevitable, refereeing requires psychological resilience as well as quick decision-making. The objective of this research was to investigate the impact of a mindfulness-based training program on psychological resilience and decision-making speed among badminton referees in Iraq. Material and Methods. A quasi-experimental design with a pre-post design was used by the researcher on a sample of thirty referees of different refereeing levels, who were divided into two groups (experimental and control). Purposive sampling technique was utilized to obtain a sample of 30 referees. The experimental subjects underwent a mindfulness intervention of eight weeks, 24 sessions with conscious breathing, body scan, reflective pauses, and mental rehearsing of refereeing scenarios. The CD-RISC (Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale) and computerized decision-making speed measure were the assessment tools employed. Results. Statistical analysis showed significant gains in the experimental group over the control group in psychological resilience and decision-making speed, both with large effect sizes. The results show that mindfulness training is helpful for referees to stay calm and think properly during extreme stress. Conclusions. The current research makes a conclusion that adding mindfulness training to the training programs of referees effectively helps to develop mental skills in referees. The study adds to the scarce literature available on applying mindfulness to sports refereeing by providing an evidence-based model that can be used in many diverse.

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