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Rechtsnormen Journal of Law
Published by Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi
ISSN : 29884454     EISSN : 29884462     DOI : 10.70177/rjl
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Rechtsnormen Journal of Law is a leading international journal focused on the global exchange of knowledge in Law as well as advancing research and practice across law disciplines. The journal provides a forum for articles reporting on original research, systematic and scholarly reviews focused on law from around the world. Rechtsnormen Journal of Law publishes national and international research in an attempt to present a reliable and respectable information source for the researchers.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 11 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025)" : 11 Documents clear
Effectiveness of Implementing General Principles of Good Government (AUPB) in Public Services Sutrisno, Endang; Costa, Bruna; Silva, Pedro
Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Daarut Thufulah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/rjl.v3i2.2093

Abstract

Background: Public service quality is a crucial component of good governance, and the application of General Principles of Good Government (AUPB) plays a key role in ensuring effective public services. These principles, which include transparency, accountability, fairness, and efficiency, are essential for fostering trust between government institutions and citizens. However, there is a gap in understanding how effectively AUPB are implemented within public services and their impact on service delivery. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing the General Principles of Good Government (AUPB) in public services. The research focuses on how these principles influence the efficiency, transparency, and quality of services provided by governmental institutions. Method: A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining qualitative interviews with public sector employees and quantitative surveys with citizens receiving public services. Data were collected from various government agencies to assess the practical application of AUPB principles and their impact on service quality. Results: The findings suggest that while AUPB are widely recognized, their implementation varies across institutions. Public services that effectively apply these principles show higher satisfaction rates among citizens, with increased accountability and transparency. Conclusion: The study concludes that implementing AUPB significantly improves the quality and transparency of public services, but challenges remain in ensuring consistent application across all governmental sectors.
The Role of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in Law Enforcement and Human Rights Karina, Siska; Khan, Razia; Raza, Amir
Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Daarut Thufulah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/rjl.v3i2.2094

Abstract

Background: Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) play a pivotal role in the realm of law enforcement and human rights. In recent decades, their influence has expanded significantly, especially in areas where government action is either insufficient or absent. NGOs often bridge gaps in legal and human rights protection by advocating for vulnerable populations, monitoring abuses, and holding governments accountable. Their contributions in law enforcement vary, from providing legal assistance to victims of human rights violations to actively participating in the policy-making process. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the role of NGOs in law enforcement and human rights, with a particular focus on their contributions to legal reforms, advocacy for victims, and international collaborations. The research explores how NGOs influence law enforcement mechanisms and contribute to the advancement of human rights protections across different regions. Method: A qualitative research design was employed, utilizing case studies, interviews with NGO leaders, legal experts, and human rights advocates, and document analysis of reports and legal frameworks where NGOs have had significant influence. Results: The study found that NGOs significantly impact human rights law enforcement, especially in regions with weak legal frameworks. They provide essential resources for victims, influence policy changes, and sometimes fill gaps left by state institutions. However, challenges such as limited funding and political resistance affect their effectiveness. Conclusion: NGOs are indispensable in promoting human rights and enforcing laws in under-served regions. Their role should be enhanced through stronger partnerships with governments and international organizations.  
Empirical Legal Research Methods: Applications in Legal Research in Indonesia Widyani, Retno; Wei, Li; Jun, Wang
Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Daarut Thufulah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/rjl.v3i2.2095

Abstract

Background: Empirical legal research methods have gained increasing significance in legal scholarship, offering insights into the real-world application and outcomes of laws. In Indonesia, the use of these methods remains relatively underexplored despite the growing need for evidence-based policy and legal reforms. Legal research in Indonesia has traditionally relied on doctrinal methods, but empirical approaches have the potential to enhance the understanding of how legal systems function in practice and how laws impact society. Objective: This study aims to explore the applications of empirical legal research methods in legal research in Indonesia. The research focuses on examining how these methods can be effectively implemented in the context of Indonesian legal research to address pressing legal issues and improve the legal system's overall effectiveness. Method: A qualitative research design was employed, combining a review of existing literature, case studies, and interviews with legal scholars, practitioners, and policymakers. The study also analyzed existing empirical research on legal issues in Indonesia to identify current trends and gaps in research. Results: The findings suggest that empirical methods, such as surveys, interviews, and case studies, are increasingly being adopted in Indonesian legal research, though challenges remain in terms of resources, training, and institutional support. Conclusion: Empirical legal research holds significant potential for advancing legal scholarship in Indonesia. There is a need for greater integration of these methods to enhance the quality and relevance of legal research and inform legal reforms.
Effectiveness of Pretrial in Testing the Legality of Arrest and Detention Indraswari, Sri Primawati; Chan, Rachel; Lee, Ava
Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Daarut Thufulah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/rjl.v3i2.2096

Abstract

Background: Pretrial procedures play a vital role in testing the legality of arrest and detention, ensuring that individuals' rights are protected against arbitrary detentions. Legal safeguards such as judicial review of arrests are essential in preventing abuses of power by law enforcement agencies. In many jurisdictions, pretrial hearings serve as a critical mechanism to determine whether there is enough evidence to justify continued detention, thus promoting the rule of law and human rights protection. However, the effectiveness of pretrial procedures in safeguarding individuals from unlawful detention remains a topic of debate. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of pretrial hearings in testing the legality of arrest and detention. The research investigates how these procedures influence the protection of individual rights and the overall functioning of the justice system. Method: A qualitative research design was employed, utilizing case studies, legal analysis, and interviews with legal professionals, detainees, and human rights advocates. Data were collected from multiple jurisdictions to assess the impact of pretrial procedures on the legality of detention. Results: The findings suggest that pretrial hearings are an effective mechanism for testing the legality of arrests and detentions, but their application is inconsistent, with some jurisdictions lacking adequate legal frameworks to ensure timely and fair reviews. Conclusion: The study concludes that while pretrial hearings can significantly contribute to the protection of individual rights, improvements in procedural consistency and access to legal representation are needed to enhance their effectiveness.  
Legal Aspects in Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) in Indonesia Indraswari, Sri Primawati; Yadav, Vishal; Rao, Ananya
Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Daarut Thufulah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/rjl.v3i2.2097

Abstract

Background: Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are integral to corporate strategies, playing a crucial role in business expansion and market consolidation. In Indonesia, the legal framework surrounding M&A is complex and influenced by various laws and regulations. The legal aspects of M&A transactions, including corporate governance, antitrust laws, and the protection of minority shareholders, are pivotal in ensuring that these corporate actions are legally sound and contribute to economic development. However, challenges such as regulatory ambiguities, incomplete legal integration, and inadequate enforcement mechanisms often hinder the smooth execution of M&A transactions. Objective: This study aims to analyze the legal aspects of mergers and acquisitions in Indonesia, focusing on the regulatory framework, legal procedures, and challenges faced by companies engaged in M&A. The research seeks to identify key legal considerations that impact the success and failure of M&A transactions in Indonesia, with a particular focus on corporate governance and antitrust regulations. Method: A qualitative research design was employed, utilizing legal document analysis, case studies, and interviews with legal professionals, corporate lawyers, and business executives. This approach allows for a comprehensive understanding of the legal landscape and practical challenges in M&A transactions. Results: The findings indicate that while Indonesia has a well-established legal framework for M&A, issues related to regulatory compliance, transparency, and legal enforcement remain significant obstacles. Conclusion: The study concludes that while the legal aspects of M&A in Indonesia are progressing, further improvements in regulatory clarity, enforcement, and corporate governance are needed to foster a more conducive environment for M&A transactions.
Regulating Algorithmic Bias: Normative Challenges of AI Ethics in Automated Decision-Making Andersson, Magnus; Lindström, Maria; Nilsson, Johan
Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Daarut Thufulah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Background. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into automated decision-making systems has introduced significant ethical and legal concerns, particularly regarding algorithmic bias. Purpose. These biases can perpetuate systemic discrimination, distort outcomes in critical sectors such as healthcare, finance, and criminal justice, and challenge the foundational principles of fairness and transparency. Despite widespread recognition of the issue, there remains a normative gap in regulatory responses across jurisdictions.   Method. This study aims to explore the ethical challenges of algorithmic bias and assess the adequacy of existing legal frameworks in addressing these concerns. Results. Using a normative legal research design, the study employs comparative analysis across selected regulatory regimes in the EU, US, and Asia, supported by doctrinal analysis of AI-related policies and ethical codes. Findings reveal fragmented regulatory landscapes, a lack of binding accountability mechanisms, and insufficient integration of ethical principles into enforceable legal norms. Conclusion. The study concludes that an interdisciplinary approach—merging ethical theory with legal doctrine—is essential to regulate algorithmic bias effectively. A normative framework grounded in transparency, accountability, and inclusivity is proposed to guide future legislation and policy development.
Blockchain-Based Evidence and Legal Validity: Reformulating Norms for Decentralized Justice Systems Pérez, Carlos; López, Isabel; López, Francisco
Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Daarut Thufulah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/rjl.v3i2.2215

Abstract

Background. The increasing integration of blockchain technology into legal frameworks necessitates a critical re-evaluation of how evidence and legal validity are conceptualized within decentralized justice systems. Traditional jurisprudence relies on centralized authority for the authentication and admissibility of evidence. However, blockchain’s immutable and decentralized nature offers new paradigms for trust, transparency, and verification—raising both opportunities and challenges in adapting current legal norms. Purpose. This study aims to explore the legal implications of blockchain-based evidence, focusing on the reformulation of evidentiary and procedural standards in decentralized environments. Method. Using a qualitative juridical-normative method, this research analyzes comparative case studies, statutory instruments, and international best practices in blockchain jurisprudence. Results. The results demonstrate a significant gap in current legal structures regarding the recognition and standardization of digital ledger evidence. Key challenges include the absence of uniform protocols, jurisdictional discrepancies, and the epistemological shift required in legal reasoning. Conclusion. This study concludes that a comprehensive legal framework is imperative to ensure the legitimacy and enforceability of blockchain-generated evidence. Reformulating evidentiary norms aligned with decentralized principles is not only necessary but urgent to uphold justice in emerging digital ecosystems.
The Disruption of Labor Law in the Platform Economy: Towards a Normative Reconfiguration Hermanto, Hermanto; Hendriks, Pieter; Vermeer, Sophie
Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Daarut Thufulah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/rjl.v3i2.2216

Abstract

Background. The emergence of the platform economy—characterized by gig work, algorithmic management, and digital intermediation—has profoundly challenged traditional labor law frameworks. Conventional legal categories such as “employee” and “employer” often fail to capture the complexity of work relationships within platform-based environments. As a result, workers engaged in ride-sharing, food delivery, and other digital services are frequently excluded from fundamental labor protections, including minimum wage, social security, and collective bargaining rights. Purpose. This study aims to critically examine how platform-mediated work disrupts existing labor law norms and to propose a normative reconfiguration that reflects the evolving nature of work. Method. The study involved 288 university students from Chinese, Japanese, and Korean TFL settings, and the data from questionnaires were analysed using appropriate statistical methods. Results. The findings reveal widespread legal fragmentation, insufficient protection for platform workers, and a growing tension between labor flexibility and social security. Conclusion. The study concludes that a redefinition of labor status and regulatory categories is essential for restoring legal coherence and ensuring just working conditions in the platform economy. A hybrid regulatory model integrating digital rights with labor standards is proposed as a pathway forward.  
Legal Pluralism in Postcolonial Nations: Reconciling Customary, Religious, and State Norms in Judicial Practices Kirunda, James; Nabirye, Helen; Muwanguzi, Ronald
Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Daarut Thufulah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/rjl.v3i2.2217

Abstract

Background. Postcolonial nations often grapple with the coexistence of multiple legal systems, including state law, customary norms, and religious legal traditions. This legal pluralism reflects historical layers of colonization, indigenous governance, and religious authority, yet it frequently results in normative conflicts within judicial processes. Courts are regularly confronted with cases that require navigating overlapping legal frameworks, raising questions about authority, legitimacy, and the equitable treatment of diverse legal subjects. Purpose. This study aims to critically examine how postcolonial judicial systems reconcile these competing normative orders in practice. Method. Employing a comparative socio-legal methodology, the research analyzes judicial decisions and legal frameworks from Indonesia, Nigeria, and India—countries characterized by entrenched plural legal structures. Results. The findings reveal that while legal pluralism is often constitutionally acknowledged, its practical implementation is marked by selective incorporation, strategic ambiguity, and jurisdictional contestation. Courts act as sites of normative negotiation, where customary and religious laws are either validated, reinterpreted, or subordinated to state law. Conclusion. The study concludes that achieving legal coherence in postcolonial contexts requires more than doctrinal reform; it demands a rethinking of legal authority that embraces pluralism while safeguarding human rights and procedural fairness.  
Digital Green Laws: The Role of Legal Norms in Advancing Climate Technology for Sustainable Development Permana, Deni Yusup; Mihaila, Stefan; Popa, Radu
Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Islam Daarut Thufulah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/rjl.v3i2.2218

Abstract

Background. The intersection of environmental governance and digital innovation has introduced new opportunities for addressing climate change through technology-driven solutions. However, the role of legal norms in facilitating or hindering the development and deployment of climate technologies remains underexplored. Purpose. This study investigates how legal frameworks can effectively support digital green technologies—such as AI-based environmental monitoring, blockchain for carbon tracking, and smart infrastructure for renewable energy—as tools for achieving sustainable development goals.   Method. The research aims to examine the normative gaps, institutional barriers, and regulatory innovations needed to align legal systems with emerging climate technologies. Employing a normative-legal research design combined with comparative policy analysis, the study evaluates legal instruments from the European Union, Singapore, and selected developing countries. Results. The findings indicate that while some jurisdictions have begun to integrate digital green laws into their climate strategies, others lag due to regulatory fragmentation, data governance challenges, and insufficient legal innovation.   Conclusion. The study concludes that adaptive, principle-based legal frameworks are essential to accelerate climate tech deployment while ensuring transparency, equity, and sustainability. A proactive legal architecture is critical for steering climate technology toward inclusive and effective environmental governance.  

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