Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah
Focus and Scope FOCUS This journal focused on Islamic Studies and present developments through the publication of articles and research reports. SCOPE Ahkam specializes on islamic law, and is intended to communicate original research and current issues on the subject. This journal warmly welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines. Fatwa; Islamic Economic Law; Islamic Family Law; Islamic Legal Administration; Islamic Jurisprudence; Islamic Law and Politics; Islamic Legal and Judicial Education; Comparative Islamic Law; Islamic Law and Gender; Islamic Law and Contemporary Issues; Islamic Law and Society; Islamic Criminal Law
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378 Documents
<![CDATA[Aplikasi Dalil Qaṭ‘ī dan Ẓannī dalam Pertimbangan Subyek dan Tujuan Hukum ]]>
<![CDATA[Asep Arifin]]>
<![CDATA[ AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 13, No 1 (2013) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v13i1.954
<![CDATA[Abstract: The Application of Qaṭ‘ī and Ẓannī in Considering Subject of Law and Legal Purposes. The discourse on the qaṭ‘ī and ẓannī verses has never been stoped in Islamic legal thought that derived from the interpretation of verses of al-muḥkamāt and al-mutashābihāt. Among scholars Ḥanafiyyah, muḥkamāt verses and al-mutashābihāt or muḥkam is comprehended as an absolute legal verses due to prohibition of interpretation, such as ḥudūd verses as verses relating to criminal offenses. Whereas in practical level, law is required to consider another aspects that directly related to the appropriateness of subject of law who has the limitation in accepting and carrying out the law. The implementation of muḥkamāt verses should also reckon legal purposes in the realization the goodness of the society and avoiding badness.Keywords: muḥkamāt, mutashābihāt, qaṭ‘ī, ẓannī, ḥudūdAbstrak: Aplikasi Dalil Qaṭ‘ī dan Ẓannī dalam Pertimbangan Subyek dan Tujuan Hukum. Diskursus dalil qaṭ‘ī dan ẓannī tidak pernah berhenti dalam pemikiran hukum Islam yang bersumber dari penafsiran ayat al-muḥkamāt dan al-mutashābihāt. Di kalangan ulama usul Ḥanafiyyah, ayat muḥkamāt atau lafaz muḥkam dipahami sebagai ayat hukum yang bersifat absolut karena tidak bisa ditakwil dan di-naskh oleh dalil lain. Tuntutan ayat semacam ini mesti dilaksanakan tanpa terkecuali, seperti penerapan ayat-ayat ḥudūd sebagai ayat-ayat yang berkenaan dengan tindak pidana. Padahal, pada tataran praktis, hukum dituntut mempertimbangkan aspek lain yang berkenaan langsung dengan kepatutan subyek hukum yang memiliki kemampuan terbatas dalam menerima dan menjalankan hukum. Pertimbangan lainnya yang mesti diperhatikan dalam memenuhi tuntutan ayat muḥkamāt adalah masalah tujuan hukum sendiri yang berorientasi pada terwujudnya kemaslahatan dan terhindarnya kemudaratan.Kata Kunci: muḥkamāt, mutashābihāt, qaṭ‘ī, ẓannī, ḥudūd]]>
<![CDATA[أهمية قوانين المصارف الشرعية في إندونيسيا )ﻧﻅﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻓﺳﻳﺭﺍﻟﻣﻮﻀﻭﻋﻰ ( ]]>
<![CDATA[zamakhsyari Abdul Majid]]>
<![CDATA[ AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 18, No 1 (2018) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v18i1.9820
<![CDATA[إن إندونيسيا هي أكبر دولة إسلامية من حيث عدد السكان المسلمين في العالم، إذ يبلغ عدد السكان المسلمين نحو 204 ملايين نسمة. إن هذا العدد الكبير من المسلمين يشكل إمكانات كبيرة لتطوير الخدمات المصرفية الإسلامية. وقد بدأ هذا الموضوع في جذب اهتمام الحكومة إلى إصدار القوانين الداعمة للمصارف /البنوك الشرعية / الإسلامية. وذلك عبر السياسات والقرارات المتخذة عبرة فترة استمرت 36 سنة. في الفترة (1974-2008)، بدءا من عقد ندوة وطنية حول العلاقات الثنائية بين إندونيسيا والشرق الأوسط. والتي تمخضت عن فكرة إإنشاء البنوك الإسلامية. في عام 1988 قامت الحكومة بإصدار حزمة من القرارات والسياسات التي عرفت فيما بعد بقرارات أكتوبر 1988 (PAKTO ) والتي سعت إلى صبغة البنوك في اندونيسيا بالصبغة اللبرالية، خلت حزمة القرارات المذكورة من أي ذكر للمصارف أو البنوك الإسلامية. ولكنها ذكرت بشكل ضمني أن البنوك يمكن أن تحدد سعر الفائدة البنكية بنسبة 0% . بعد إصدار حزمة قرارات أكتوبر المذكورة بدأت البنوك الصغيرة والمسماة بنوك القروض الشعبية (Bank Perkreditan Rakyat ) والقائمة بناء على الأسس الإسلامية بالنشوء. وجود وعمل هذه البنوك الصغيرة على الأسس الإسلامية كان اكبر دافع لإنشاء أول بنك عام تجاري غير قائم على أساس الفائدة الربوية. وبعد ذلك بأقل من ستنين منذ إصدار باقة قرارات أكتوبر ، وبتارييخ 19-22 أغسطس 1990 أقيمت ورشة عمل للعلماء حول الفوائد البنكية في شيسروا، بوغور، والتي نتج عنها قرار بتكون لجان عمل لإنشاء البنك الإسلامي في إندونيسيا. في عام 1991 تم إنشاء بنك المعاملات إندونيسيا. فقد كان إنشاء ذلك البنك كأول مصرف إسلامي إستجابة جيدة من قبل الحكومة ، وقد قد بدأ نشاطاته في الأول من مايو 1992. ولكن ومع مرور الوقت ومرور إندونيسيا بالضائقة المالية عام 1997-1998 والتي أدت إلى خسائر كبيرة للمصارف في إندونيسيا وخاصة البنوك التقليدية وأدى إلى نتائج سلبية في الموازنة البنكية. للحد من تداعيات الأزمة الإقتصادية ، صدر في عام 1998 القانون رقم . 10 عام 1998 والتي أعطت الفرصة لنمو البنوك الإسلامية والتي احتوت على فصول من بينها السماح بإنشاء البنوك ذات النظام البنكي المزدوج. ومع كل التطورات الحثيثة في عالم البنوك الإندونيسية ، تم في عام 2008 إقرار القانون رقم. 21 عام 2008 حول المصارف الإسلامية، والمأمول أن يكون لها تأثير ملموس في نمو البنوك الإسلامية مستقبلا.الكلمات الأساسية. المصارف الإسلامية ، البنوك التقليدية، و الوحدات الإقتصادية الشرعية. ]]>
<![CDATA[Penggunaan Perjanjian Buku dalam Transaksi Bisnis Menurut Hukum Islam ]]>
<![CDATA[Abdul Karim Munthe]]>
<![CDATA[ AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 15, No 2 (2015) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v15i2.2865
<![CDATA[Contract is the basic point of a transaction, including the transactions in Islamic economic. The rapid development of Islamic economics forcesan adaptation of economic contract in accordance with the development of society. Standard contract is a common form for printing an agreement. It is a contract that has been set unilaterally by the company. Theoretically, standard contract is accepted both in positive law in Indonesia and Islamic law (based on habitual or ‘urf. Standard contract should consider legal protection for both parties, especially consumers. Standard contracts should create justice, equality and prioritize the concept of khiyar.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v15i2.2865]]>
<![CDATA[Islamic Finance and Takāful in Contemporary Social and Economic Development ]]>
<![CDATA[Ahmad Hidayat Buang]]>
<![CDATA[ AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 13, No 1 (2013) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v13i1.945
<![CDATA[Abstrak: Keuangan Islam dan Takāful dalam Pembangunan Sosial dan Ekonomi Kontemporer. Artikel ini menegaskan bahwa meskipun keuangan Syariah memiliki kekurangan, namun telah berhasil dalam pembangunan sosial dan ekonomi dibandingkan dengan instrumen tradisi yang lain, seperti wakaf dan zakat. Dengan perubahan situasi ekonomi dan hubungan sosial, keuangan Syariah, dan takāful diharapkan akan menjadi instrumen pelengkap yang penting dalam pembangunan sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat Islam. Untuk mendukung kesimpulan tersebut artikel ini akan menyajikan argumen-argumen dan kritik-kritik terhadap perbankan Syariah modern pada aspek di atas di samping memberikan justifikasi dan penjelasan sebagai jawaban atas kritikan tersebut.Kata Kunci: keuangan Islam, takāful, pembangunan Islam, ekonomi Islam, perbankan Islam, muamalah IslamAbstract: Islamic Finance and Takāful in Contemporary Social and Economic Development. This article argues that Islamic finance although with its limitations has relatively been successful in the contemporary social and contemporary development compared to other traditional instruments such as waqf and zakāh. With the changing economic climate and social relations, Islamic finance and takāful is expected to be an important complementary instruments of Islamic social and economic development. To support such a conclusion the article revisits some of the arguments and critics on modern Islamic finance in respect of the above issues and offers justification and explanation as a response to those critics.Keywords: Islamic finance, takāful, Islamic development, Islamic economics, Islamic banking, Islamic mu’âmalah]]>
<![CDATA[ZAKAH EMPOWERMENT OPTIMIZATION THROUGH BAITUL IKHTIAR COOPERATION AS AN EFFORT IN POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN BOGOR REGENCY ]]>
<![CDATA[Hamzah Hamzah]]>
<![CDATA[ AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 18, No 1 (2018) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v18i1.7495
<![CDATA[The Indonesian government and other concerned parties have conducted various programs looking for strategies for poverty alleviation, however, the poverty rate has not decreased significantly. One of zakah based empowerment paradigm is transformation paradigm that is a process in motivating the society with new values which can enlighten the soul, spirit and the common sense, so that they can rediscover their way of life from being a mustahiq (a person who receives zakah) to muzakki (person who gives zakah). This empowerment was an important development pillar in stimulating development growth and equality, providing the societies’ welfare, creating jobs opportunity and alleviating poverty. The research is conducted by surveying the respondents in three sub districts in Bogor Region. The respondents are 254 mustahik that consists of 66 mustahik vegetables producers in Cibungbulang sub district, 85 mustahik as sate skewers producers in Tenjolaya sub district and 103 mustahik as shoes-sandals producers in Taman Sari sub district. The field research was conducted in 2013. The research instrument/questionnaire was based on the concept of empowerment and independence. The method used in the research was descriptive statistic and T-test. ]]>
<![CDATA[Pemilihan Umum Menurut Hukum Islam ]]>
<![CDATA[Sodikin Sodikin]]>
<![CDATA[ AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 15, No 1 (2015) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v15i1.2848
<![CDATA[This article discuss the implementating general election in Islamic law, both the legislative elections, elections of regional heads and presidential elections. Indonesian elections in accordance with the mechanism of the western democracies, so that the election is the only way in choosing representatives and leaders. In the Islamic view of the elections is not the only way but one of the ways to choose a government or leader. Elections according to the Islamic view of the law may permissible, but must be in accordance with the implementation of sharia, not using a mechanical cause many western democracies not helpful.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v15i1.2848]]>
<![CDATA[PELAKSANAAN HUKUM WARIS DI MASYARAKAT KARO MUSLIM SUMATERA UTARA ]]>
<![CDATA[Azhari Akmal Tarigan]]>
<![CDATA[ AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 14, No 2 (2014) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v14i2.1279
<![CDATA[Implementation of Inheritance Law of the Muslim Karo in North Sumatra. So far, Indonesia has not managed the codification and unification of a national inheritance law. Among the factors is the difficulty of codifying inheritance laws by reason of the diversity of the legal system that governs family matters of the Indonesian people, including inheritance laws. This study examines the way of implementing the inheritance law in Karo Muslim society, North Sumatra. This study focuses on the models of estate distribution to girls and widows. The article concludes that the Muslim Karo people still use customary law to resolve matters relating to inheritance disputes. Customary law that is used is experiencing dynamics or shifts. This happens without giving rise to tension let alone any disturbances within Karo Muslim community itself.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v14i2.1279]]>
<![CDATA[Epistemologi Fikih Siyâsah ]]>
<![CDATA[Masykuri Abdillah]]>
<![CDATA[ AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 12, No 1 (2012) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v12i1.977
<![CDATA[Abstract: Epistemology of Fiqh Siyâsah. Islam is not merely a theological system but also a social and state system. The ulamas through their ijtihad formulated Islamic teachings on state in ‘ilm al-siyâsah al-Islâmiyyah or fiqh siyâsah (Islamic political knowledge). This is defined as “knowledge that deals with managing Islamic state affairs in terms of systems and laws that are in line with the Islamic principles, even if there is no certain argumentation (from the Quran and the Sunnah)”. This knowledge has grown dynamically, because it can interact with political ideas and systems from the outside as well as local culture, including with the modern political system.Keywords: fiqh siyâsah, siyâsah syar‘iyyah, islamic political thought, islamic political system, the theory of Islamic politicAbstrak: Epistemologi Fikih Siyâsah. Islam tidak hanya mencakup sistem kepercayaan dan ibadah, tetapi juga sistem kemasyarakatan dan kenegaraan. Para ulama dengan ijtihad mereka merumuskan ajaran-ajaran Islam tentang negara ini dalam ‘ilm al-siyâsah al-Islâmiyyah atau fikih siyâsah (ilmu politik Islam). ‘Ilm al-siyâsah ini didefiniskan sebagai “ilmu yang membahas tentang pengaturan urusan-urusan negara Islam dalam hal sistem dan undang-undang yang sejalan dengan dasar-dasar Islam meskipun dalam pengaturan ini tidak ada dalil tertentu (dari Alquran maupun Hadis)”. Ilmu ini berkembang dengan dinamis karena ia bisa berinteraksi dengan gagasan dan sistem politik dari luar serta budaya lokal, termasuk dengan sistem politik modern.Kata Kunci: fikih siyâsah, siyâsah syar‘iyyah, pemikiran politik Islam, sistem politik Islam, teori politik IslamDOI: 10.15408/ajis.v12i1.977]]>
<![CDATA[Analysis of Corporate Governance on Islamic Bank in Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Muhamad Nadratuzzaman Hosen]]>;
<![CDATA[Nasimul Falah]]>;
<![CDATA[Fitriyani Lathifah]]>
<![CDATA[ AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 19, No 2 (2019) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v19i2.12645
<![CDATA[This research demonstrates conceptual corporate governance (CG) which has relationship with regulations and Islamic teaching. Then, to investigate CG in Islamic Bank in Indonesia and to review law aspects and Islamic values related to rules of corporate CG in Islamic Bank in Indonesia. The study used qualitative approach using study literature and interview to analyze the implementation of corporate governance in Islamic bank in Indonesia. This study found that Islamic Banks which issued the rules of CG were not following philosophy of Islamic principles and not following strongly Islamic law and positive law. Hence, there were several fraud cases on Islamic banks inIndonesia. Islamic corporate governance in Indonesia still not find the implementation like in Malaysia. Rules of CG through regulation for Islamic bank is involving futher researher to examine the right policy. The regulation of corporate governance regulations for Islamic bank still need to be refined and turned into Islamic corporate governance standard in accordance with Islamic principles and national laws which required by Islamic bank.]]>
<![CDATA[Peluang, Tantangan, dan Stategi Zakat dalam Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Umat ]]>
<![CDATA[Siti Zumrotun]]>
<![CDATA[ AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 16, No 1 (2016) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v16i1.2899
<![CDATA[Basically, zakat in Islamic teaching is the one of effective and strategic ways to be developed in increasing prosperous of people. So, it can be very potential. The potency of zakat will be great and useful if the institution of zakat administrator can manage effectively and overcome all classic problems always faced by administrators. Managerial skill, accountability, integrity, and truth are the main capitals to manage zakat. Meanwhile, empowering, supervising, and teaching on the people who received zakat (mustahiq) are some important things that should be thought. Therefore, the institution of zakat management should get the way to change people perspective from receiver to giver (mustahiq to muzakki). The strategies are to accustom for paying zakat, to be creative and smart in collecting zakat, distribute zakat effectively, create high quality of human resources, and to be focus on the programs of developing zakat.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v16i1.2899]]>
