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Komparatif: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum dan Pemikiran Islam
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30261643     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15642/komparatif.v3i2
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Social,
Religion Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
The Komparatif furnishes an international and regional scholarly forum for research on Comparative Mazahib, Law, and Islamic Thought. Taking an expansive view of the subject, the journal brings together all disciplinary perspectives. It publishes peer-reviewed articles on the historical, cultural, social, philosophical, political, anthropological, literary, artistic and other aspects of Comparative Mazahib, Law, and Islamic Thought in all times and places.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 3 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): December" : 3 Documents clear
Comparative Study of Husband’s Iddah Policy in Indonesia: Imam al-Ghazali’s Maslahah and Jeremy Bentham’s Utilitarianism Perspective Marshalina Rahadatul 'Aisyi; Ulya, Zakiyatul; Hidayat, Muhammad Rifqi
Komparatif: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum dan Pemikiran Islam Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Department of Comparative Mazhab Comparative, Fakulty of Shariah and Law

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/komparatif.v5i2.2797

Abstract

The existence of the iddah policy for husbands has caused much debate because the validity of the iddah adopted by the majority of scholars is only for women. This study aims to analyze the iddah policy for husbands in the Circular of the Director General of Islamic Community Guidance, Number P-005/DJ.III/HK/007/10/2021 using Imam al-Ghazali's maslahah theory and Jeremy Bentham's utilitarianism theory. This study is library research with a qualitative approach, using documentation as a data collection technique and descriptive analysis as a data analysis technique. The study concluded that the policy of iddah for husbands in the Circular of the Director General of Islamic Community Guidance, Number P-005/DJ.III/HK/007/10/2021 is in accordance with Al-Ghazali's maslahah because it has fulfilled 5 (five) elements of maqashid al-shari’ah, namely: hifdz ad-din (maintenance of religion), hifdz an-nafs (maintenance of the soul), hifdz al-aql (maintenance of reason), and hifdz an-nasl (maintenance or offspring), hifdz al-mal (maintenance of property) and is in accordance with Jeremy Bentham's utilitarianism theory because it has fulfilled seven core elements of happiness, namely: intensity of pleasure, duration of pleasure, certainty of happiness, closeness to achieving pleasure, fecundity, purity, and extent. By fulfilling the five elements of maqashid al-shari’ah and seven core indicators of happiness, it can be concluded that this policy is appropriate to implement because it contains benefits and happiness. Keywords: Husband's Iddah Policy, Al-Ghazali's Maslahah, Jeremy Bentham's Utilitarianism, maqashid al-shari’ah.   Abstrak: Keberadaan kebijakan iddah untuk suami telah menimbulkan banyak perdebatan karena keabsahan iddah yang diadopsi oleh mayoritas ulama hanya untuk wanita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebijakan iddah bagi suami dalam Surat Edaran Direktur Jenderal Panduan Masyarakat Islam Nomor: P-005/DJ. III/HK/007/10/2021 menggunakan teori maslahah Imam al-Ghazali dan teori utilitarianisme Jeremy Bentham. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan dengan pendekatan kualitatif yang menggunakan dokumentasi sebagai teknik pengumpulan data dan analisis deskriptif sebagai teknik analisis data. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa kebijakan iddah untuk suami dalam Surat Edaran Dirjen Bimbingan Masyarakat Islam Nomor: P-005/DJ. III/HK/007/10/2021 sesuai dengan maslahah Al-Ghazali karena telah memenuhi lima unsur maqashid, yaitu: hifdz ad-din (pemeliharaan agama), hifdz an-nafs (pemeliharaan jiwa), hifdz al-aql (pemeliharaan akal), dan hifdz an-nasl (pemeliharaan atau keturunan), hifdz al-mal (pemeliharaan harta benda) dan sesuai dengan teori utilitarianisme Jeremy Bentham karena telah memenuhi tujuh unsur inti kebahagiaan,  yaitu: intensitas kesenangan, durasi kesenangan, kepastian kebahagiaan, kedekatan untuk mencapai kesenangan, kesuburan, kemurnian, dan luasnya jangkauan. Dengan memenuhi lima unsur maqashid al-shari’ah dan tujuh indikator inti kebahagiaan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kebijakan ini tepat untuk diterapkan karena mengandung manfaat dan kebahagiaan. Kata kunci: Kebijakan Iddah Suami, Maslahah Al-Ghazali, Utilitarianisme Jeremy Bentham, maqashid al-shari’ah.
An Interpretation of the East Java MUI Fatwa on “Sound Horeg”: Bayānī, ‘Irfānī, and Burhānī Perspectives Ach Badri Amien; M. Sa’ad Alfanny; Achmad Sholakhuddin Al Af Ghoni; Aniq, Ahmad Fathan
Komparatif: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum dan Pemikiran Islam Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Department of Comparative Mazhab Comparative, Fakulty of Shariah and Law

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/komparatif.v5i2.2879

Abstract

Abstract: The phenomenon of “sound horeg” audio systems with bass pressure reaching 95–135 dB has caused social, health, and environmental problems in various regions of East Java. Responding to this condition, the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) of East Java issued Fatwa Number 1 of 2025, which stipulates that the use of “sound horeg” with excessive intensity and accompanied by practices that lead to harm is declared harām (forbidden), while reasonable use for positive activities is permitted. This study aims to explain the normative basis of the fatwa through the epistemological perspective of Muḥammad ‘Ābid al-Jābirī, covering three models of reasoning: bayānī, ‘irfānī, and burhānī. Data were collected through a literature study by examining official fatwa documents, fiqh literature, al-Jābirī’s works, and scientific articles related to the “sound horeg” phenomenon. The analysis was carried out using a qualitative-analytical approach, namely, reading the fatwa as a legal text as well as a social phenomenon to see how the three models of reasoning work. The study's findings demonstrate that the MUI combines the legitimacy of sharia texts (bayānī), ethical-spiritual considerations of society (ʿirfānī), and empirical evidence regarding the dangers of noise and social damage (burhānī). Thus, this fatwa is not merely normative but also constitutes a comprehensive epistemological response to changes in modern entertainment culture.   Keywords: Fatwa, Majelis Ulama Indonesia, Sound Horeg, Bayānī–‘Irfānī–Burhānī.   Abstrak: Fenomena “sound horeg” sistem audio dengan tekanan bass mencapai 95–135 dB menimbulkan persoalan sosial, kesehatan, serta gangguan lingkungan di berbagai daerah Jawa Timur. Merespons kondisi tersebut, Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) Jawa Timur menerbitkan Fatwa Nomor 1 Tahun 2025 yang menetapkan bahwa penggunaan “sound horeg” dengan intensitas berlebihan dan disertai praktik yang mengarah pada kemudaratan dinyatakan haram, sedangkan penggunaan wajar untuk kegiatan positif diperbolehkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan dasar normatif fatwa tersebut melalui perspektif epistemologi Muḥammad ‘Ābid al-Jābirī, meliputi tiga model nalar: bayānī, ‘irfānī, dan burhānī. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi pustaka dengan menelaah dokumen resmi fatwa, literatur fikih, karya al-Jābirī, serta artikel ilmiah terkait fenomena “sound horeg”. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif-analitis, yaitu membaca fatwa sebagai teks hukum sekaligus fenomena sosial untuk melihat bagaimana ketiga model nalar tersebut bekerja. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa MUI menggabungkan legitimasi teks syariat (bayānī), pertimbangan etika-spiritual masyarakat (ʿirfānī), serta bukti empiris mengenai bahaya kebisingan dan kerusakan sosial (burhānī). Dengan demikian, fatwa ini tidak hanya bersifat normatif, tetapi merupakan respon epistemologis yang komprehensif terhadap perubahan budaya hiburan modern. Kata Kunci: Fatwa, Majelis Ulama Indonesia, Sound Horeg, Bayānī–‘Irfānī–Burhānī.
Patriarchal Structures in Islamic Law and Indonesian Positive Law: A Comparative Legal Analysis from a Gender Justice Perspective Ramadhan, Rahmat Gilang; Hibatullah, Mohammad Rafii'; Farichudzaki, W.K.; Aji, Rajali H.
Komparatif: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum dan Pemikiran Islam Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Department of Comparative Mazhab Comparative, Fakulty of Shariah and Law

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/komparatif.v5i2.3126

Abstract

Abstract: This study critically examines the persistence of patriarchal bias in Indonesia’s legal system by comparing Islamic law and positive law through a gender justice lens. This research specifically identifies how patriarchal structures are embedded in family law norms, judicial reasoning, and institutional legal practices, particularly in matters of marriage, lineage, and gendered legal authority. Using a qualitative normative method with a comparative socio-legal approach, the study analyzes statutory regulations, classical and contemporary Islamic legal doctrines, and scholarly interpretations relevant to the Indonesian legal context. The findings reveal a fundamental divergence between the two systems: while positive law formally endorses gender equality, patriarchal bias persists at the level of legal interpretation and implementation, especially within judicial institutions; conversely, Islamic law, when interpreted textually, may reproduce gender hierarchy, yet offers a strong emancipatory potential when re-read through maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah and egalitarian legal reasoning. The study argues that patriarchal bias is not merely normative but institutional, and that meaningful legal reform requires not only doctrinal revision but also transformation of judicial reasoning and legal culture. Keywords: patriarchy, Islamic law, Indonesian positive law, judicial reasoning, gender justice   Abstrak: Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang bias patriarki dalam sistem hukum Indonesia melalui analisis komparatif antara hukum Islam dan hukum positif dari perspektif keadilan gender. Studi ini secara spesifik mengidentifikasi bagaimana struktur patriarkal terinternalisasi dalam norma hukum keluarga, pola judicial reasoning, serta praktik kelembagaan peradilan, terutama dalam isu perkawinan, nasab, dan otoritas hukum berbasis gender. Dengan metode kualitatif normatif dan pendekatan komparatif sosio-legal, penelitian ini menelaah peraturan perundang-undangan, doktrin hukum Islam klasik dan kontemporer, serta pandangan akademik yang relevan dengan konteks Indonesia. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan fundamental antara kedua sistem: hukum positif secara normatif menjamin kesetaraan gender, namun masih mereproduksi bias patriarki pada tingkat interpretasi dan implementasi hukum, khususnya dalam praktik peradilan; sementara itu, hukum Islam dalam pembacaan tekstual berpotensi melanggengkan hierarki gender, tetapi sekaligus menyediakan landasan emansipatoris yang kuat melalui pendekatan maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah dan penalaran hukum yang egaliter. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa bias patriarki bersifat institusional, bukan semata normatif, sehingga reformasi hukum yang berkeadilan gender mensyaratkan transformasi penafsiran hukum, penguatan nalar hakim, dan perubahan budaya hukum. Kata Kunci: patriarki, hukum Islam, hukum positif Indonesia, judicial reasoning, keadilan gender

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