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Vika Fransisca
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Asian Journal of Social and Humanities
Published by Pelopor Publikasi Akademika
ISSN : -     EISSN : 29634946     DOI : https://doi.org/10.59888/ajosh
Core Subject : Science, Education, Social,
Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Asian Journal of Social and Humanities is a scientific journal in the form of research and can be accessed openly. This journal is published once bimonthly by Beritrust Publisher. Asian Journal of Social and Humanities provides a means for ongoing discussion of relevant issues that fall within the focus and scope of the journal that can be empirically examined. The journal publishes original research articles in Social and Humanities. Social Sciences: covers a broad range of disciplines including Cultural Studies, Engineering, Health, Agriculture, Political Science, Communication, Economics, Law, and Education that are included in the social context. Humanities: covers a broad range of topics in ancient and modern languages, literature, philosophy, history, archaeology, anthropology, human geography, law, religion, and art. The articles published are derived from critical and comprehensive research, studies, or scientific studies on important and current issues or reviews of scientific books.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 1,243 Documents
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The Ambiguity of Norms in Legal Protection for Advocates and the Problem of the Limits of Good Faith in the Criminal Justice System Arih Wira Suranta; Indah Kusuma Wardhani
Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Vol. 4 No. 10 (2026): Asian Journal of Social and Humanities
Publisher : Pelopor Publikasi Akademika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59888/ajosh.v4i10.737

Abstract

Legal protection for advocates is a fundamental prerequisite for the realization of fair trials, particularly in ensuring the independence of the defense function within the criminal justice system. The regulation of advocate immunity rights in Article 149 paragraph (2) of Law Number 20 of 2025 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code normatively guarantees that advocates cannot be prosecuted criminally or civilly in the exercise of their profession, but this protection is limited by the phrase "good faith," which has no operational definition or objective parameters. This gap creates normative ambiguity that generates tension between protection and restriction, with implications for legal uncertainty and the potential criminalization of advocates arising from disparate interpretations by law enforcement officials. This study aims to analyze the normative construction of advocate immunity, examine the conceptual problems of "good faith" as the boundary of immunity, and evaluate its implications for legal certainty and professional independence. The method employed is normative juridical research with statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The research findings indicate that the absence of measurable indicators for assessing "good faith" leaves room for excessive discretion and weakens the effectiveness of advocate protection. This study proposes a reconstruction of the concept of "good faith" through the formulation of an operational definition grounded in the advocacy function, the use of professional standards and codes of ethics as objective parameters, and regulatory harmonization to strengthen legal certainty within the criminal justice system.
The Influence of the Creative Economy Ecosystem on the Formation of Young Entrepreneurial Startups Saripah Saripah; Darwati Susilastuti
Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Vol. 4 No. 10 (2026): Asian Journal of Social and Humanities
Publisher : Pelopor Publikasi Akademika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59888/ajosh.v4i10.738

Abstract

The creative economy has become a leading sector in Indonesia, contributing 7.8% to national GDP in 2023 and absorbing more than 22 million workers. Despite this potential, Indonesia's young-entrepreneur ratio remains low at 3.47%, or about 6.1 million of the total population, far behind neighboring countries such as Singapore (8.5%) and Malaysia (4.7%). This research analyzes the influence of the creative economy ecosystem on the formation of young entrepreneurial startups in Indonesia. The creative economy has become a leading sector contributing 7.8% to national GDP in 2023 and absorbing more than 22 million workers. Despite this, Indonesia's young-entrepreneur ratio remains low at 3.47%, or about 6.1 million of the total population. The research method used a quantitative approach and survey techniques to examine 300 young entrepreneurs in Jakarta, Surabaya, and Bandung. Data analysis uses structural equation modeling to examine the relationships among variables in the creative economy ecosystem and startup formation. The results show that the creative economy ecosystem has a positive and significant effect on the formation of young entrepreneurial startups, with an R² of 74.2%. Digital technology and business incubator factors are the most dominant drivers of startup formation. This study recommends strengthening digital infrastructure and developing business incubation programs to improve the quality of young entrepreneurs in Indonesia
The Role of Business Incubators in Encouraging the Growth of Creative Entrepreneurs in Indonesia Ilham Teruna Bakti; Pudji Astuty
Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Vol. 4 No. 10 (2026): Asian Journal of Social and Humanities
Publisher : Pelopor Publikasi Akademika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59888/ajosh.v4i10.739

Abstract

Business incubators have emerged as strategic instruments in developing Indonesia's creative entrepreneurship ecosystem. This study examines the role of business incubators in accelerating the growth of creative entrepreneurs, with a focus on their contributions to the creative economy sector, which contributed 7.8% to GDP (IDR 1.05 trillion) in 2023 and has grown the number of technology business incubators to 150 institutions in the past five years. Using a qualitative approach with secondary data analysis from official sources including the Ministry of Industry, the Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs, the Central Statistics Agency, and business incubator reports, this research identified that business incubators contribute significantly through access to capital, management coaching, network development, and enhanced digital technology capabilities. The findings reveal that the Creative Business Incubator program successfully increased participants' turnover and expanded market access both domestically and for exports, while digital incubation models have improved accessibility and scalability for creative entrepreneurs across Indonesia. This study concludes that business incubators play a strategic role in unlocking the creative economy's potential by transforming creative ideas into viable business models through the triple helix synergy between government, universities, and the private sector, recommending strengthened stakeholder collaboration and the development of incubation models adaptive to the dynamics of the creative industry in the digital era to achieve the national entrepreneurship ratio target of 3.95% by 2024.
The Role of Mediators and The Legal Force of Recommendation in the  Settlement of Industrial Relations Disputes Taufik Hidayat; Darwati Darwati
Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Vol. 4 No. 10 (2026): Asian Journal of Social and Humanities
Publisher : Pelopor Publikasi Akademika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59888/ajosh.v4i10.740

Abstract

Industrial relations disputes remain a significant challenge in Indonesia’s employment landscape, often arising from disagreements over rights, interests, termination of employment, or conflicts among labor unions. Although the legal framework prioritizes dispute resolution through deliberation and consensus, with bipartite negotiations serving as the primary mechanism, mediation plays a crucial role when such negotiations fail. This study analyzed the role of mediators and the legal implications of mediator recommendations, both normatively and empirically, while evaluating the extent to which existing legal provisions align with the principles of justice and the judicial ideals of simplicity, speed, and low cost. Employing a normative juridical research method with statutory and conceptual approaches, this study examined Law Number 2 of 2004 concerning the Settlement of Industrial Relations Disputes, labor regulations, and Constitutional Court Decision Number 68/PUU-XIII/2015. The findings revealed that although mediators play a significant role in facilitating dispute resolution by providing legal clarification and proposing equitable solutions, their recommendations lack binding legal force, thereby reducing their effectiveness and creating legal uncertainty. This condition may disproportionately disadvantage workers, who are generally in weaker socio-economic positions. The study recommends legal reform to strengthen the enforceability of mediator recommendations, including the establishment of statutory time limits and the potential granting of binding force under certain conditions, to enhance legal certainty, efficiency, and fairness in industrial dispute resolution.
Enhancing Sustainability Performance through Digital Capability: A Dynamic Capability Perspective in Indonesian National Oil and Gas Companies Muhammad Sadikin; Yolanda Masnita Siagian; Tiara Puspa; Lucy Warsindah
Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Vol. 4 No. 10 (2026): Asian Journal of Social and Humanities
Publisher : Pelopor Publikasi Akademika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59888/ajosh.v4i10.750

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the role of e-Leadership Capability, Dynamic Digital Workplace Policy, and Digital Culture in shaping the Sustainability Performance of Organization, with Quality Management as the mediating variable and Social Dynamism as the moderation variable, in the context of national oil and gas companies in Indonesia. This research uses a quantitative approach with the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method. Data was collected from 210 respondents representing various levels of the organization, ranging from Junior Analyst to Vice President (VP) levels, spread across various operational areas of national oil and gas companies in Indonesia. The results show that e-Leadership Capability has a positive and significant influence directly on Sustainability Performance, which confirms the crucial role of digital leadership in driving sustainable business achievements. In contrast, Dynamic Digital Workplace Policy and Digital Culture did not show a significant direct influence on sustainability performance. However, Dynamic Digital Workplace Policy and Digital Culture have proven to have a positive and significant effect on Quality Management, which further contributes strongly to the Sustainability Performance of Organization. The results of the mediation analysis showed that Quality Management mediated the influence of Dynamic Digital Workplace Policy and Digital Culture on the Sustainability Performance of Organization, while the mediating role between e-Leadership Capability and sustainability performance was not proven to be significant. In addition, Social Dynamism significantly moderates the relationship between Quality Management and Sustainability Performance of Organization, suggesting that social dynamics and stakeholder pressures strengthen the relationship between quality practices and sustainability achievements.
Aspects of Consumer Protection for Online Shop Business Actors in Delivery Service Negligence Raissa Kemala Dewi; Alip Rahman; Siska Karina
Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Vol. 4 No. 10 (2026): Asian Journal of Social and Humanities
Publisher : Pelopor Publikasi Akademika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59888/ajosh.v4i10.751

Abstract

The rapid growth of e-commerce puts delivery service companies as a crucial element in the distribution chain. However, this dynamic often raises a gap in losses for online shop business actors due to expedition negligence and inequality in the bargaining position in the use of standard clauses. Because of this polemic, this study questions how the legal protection mechanism is able to protect online shop business actors when facing the negligence of the shipper. Therefore, the research was directed to identify proportionate forms of legal protection as well as analyze the effectiveness of the compensation claim process based on Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. In order to unravel these problems, a normative juridical approach enriched with qualitative data is used through tracing of rules, interviews, and observations at J&T Kargo Kesambi. The results of the study revealed that there is an empirical clash between the principle of absolute responsibility in regulation and the practice of including exoneration clauses that unilaterally limit the value of compensation. Insurance facilities often shift into an instrument of release of the responsibility of service providers, forcing business actors to bear absolute financial risks if they do not use them. The fulfillment of this right is further hampered by claim procedures, such as the absolute obligation to include unboxing videos.
The Role of Transformational Leadership and Employee Competence inEnhancing Talent Employee Quality in the Automotive Parts Industry Slamet Ardyanto; H. M. Sidik Priadana; Erni Rusyani
Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Vol. 4 No. 10 (2026): Asian Journal of Social and Humanities
Publisher : Pelopor Publikasi Akademika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59888/ajosh.v4i10.752

Abstract

Talent employee quality is a strategic concern in automotive parts manufacturing because this industry requires precision, quality compliance, production reliability, and adaptability to technological change. This research examines the role of transformational leadership and employee competence in enhancing talent employee quality among permanent employees of automotive parts manufacturing companies in Bekasi, Karawang, and Purwakarta, Indonesia. The research used a quantitative descriptive-verificative design. The population consisted of 20,219 permanent employees from 14 companies, and 400 respondents were selected through cluster proportional random sampling. Data were collected using an ordinal-scale questionnaire and analyzed through descriptive statistics, measurement-model evaluation, reliability assessment, and structural equation modeling with LISREL 8.80. The results show that transformational leadership has a positive and significant effect on talent employee quality (path coefficient = 0.2816; t = 5.1176), while employee competence also has a positive and significant effect (path coefficient = 0.2526; t = 4.5843). Both t-values exceed the critical value of 1.9660 at the 5% significance level. The full antecedent block in the original SEM model explained 75.55% of the variance in talent employee quality. The study contributes to human resource management literature by positioning talent employee quality as a construct shaped by organizational leadership and individual competence in a manufacturing context.
The Effectiveness of Microplastic Removal in a Lake on the University of Indonesia Campus Using PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) Ultrafiltration Membranes Abrar Rabhani Waluyaning Jati
Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Vol. 4 No. 10 (2026): Asian Journal of Social and Humanities
Publisher : Pelopor Publikasi Akademika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59888/ajosh.v4i10.754

Abstract

Microplastic pollution is becoming an increasingly important environmental issue due to its potential to degrade water quality and negatively impact ecosystems and human health. Kenanga Lake, located in the University of Indonesia, is a water resource with the potential to be utilized as a raw water source, necessitating pollution control efforts, including those for microplastics. This study aims to design and analyze the performance of a Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) ultrafiltration system in removing microplastics and improving lake water quality. The research method used a quantitative experimental approach with a pretest–posttest design through testing water samples before and after the filtration process. The PVC ultrafiltration system was equipped with a pretreatment unit in the form of a sediment filter and operated at pressure variations of 1; 1.5; and 2 bar and filtration times of 10, 30, and 60 minutes. The parameters analyzed included the number and characteristics of microplastics, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and Conductivity. System performance was evaluated based on removal efficiency and log removal values. The research results are expected to provide information on the effectiveness of PVC ultrafiltration membranes in reducing microplastics and improving lake water quality as an alternative efficient and sustainable water treatment technology.
The Contribution of Hajj and Umrah Development to MSME Growth in Indonesia: A Systematic Literature Review Budi Nurdian; Dinni Agustin; Tina Rosa; Kwarnanto; Ahmadun Ahmadun
Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Vol. 4 No. 10 (2026): Asian Journal of Social and Humanities
Publisher : Pelopor Publikasi Akademika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59888/ajosh.v4i10.755

Abstract

The development of the Hajj and Umrah industry in Indonesia has generated significant economic impacts, particularly for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). As the country with the largest Muslim population in the world and one of the largest contributors of Hajj and Umrah pilgrims annually, Indonesia has experienced rapid growth in religious tourism-related economic activities. This research aims to systematically review the existing literature regarding the contribution of Hajj and Umrah development to MSME growth in Indonesia. Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework, this study synthesizes findings from national and international scientific publications indexed in databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar, Dimensions, and Web of Science. A total of 78 eligible studies were included and critically appraised using a risk-of-bias assessment framework. The review identifies major themes, including economic multiplier effects, MSME empowerment, halal industry development, digital transformation, employment generation, and challenges faced by MSMEs within the Hajj and Umrah ecosystem. The findings indicate that the Hajj and Umrah sectors contribute substantially to local economic development through increased demand for halal products, accommodation services, transportation, culinary services, Muslim fashion, and pilgrimage support services. However, MSMEs continue to face challenges related to digitalization, financial access, product standardization, and market competition. This study provides a conceptual synthesis of the relationship between religious tourism and MSME development and offers recommendations for policymakers, industry practitioners, and future researchers.
Financial Literacy and Business Sustainability Among Elderly Entrepreneurs: A Systematic Review Mei Supriyani; Sakti Brata Ismaya; Dinni Agustin; Ignatius Erik Sapta Yanuar
Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Vol. 4 No. 10 (2026): Asian Journal of Social and Humanities
Publisher : Pelopor Publikasi Akademika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59888/ajosh.v4i10.756

Abstract

Global demographic shifts toward an aging population have resulted in an increasing number of older adults remaining economically active, including through entrepreneurial activities. Financial literacy has emerged as a crucial determinant of entrepreneurial resilience, business sustainability, and economic independence among elderly entrepreneurs. This research aims to identify entrepreneurship interventions implemented for elderly populations, assess the impacts of these interventions on quality of life, social well-being, and active aging, and evaluate the role of financial literacy and digital financial literacy in supporting entrepreneurial activities and sustainable entrepreneurship among older adults. The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. Searches were conducted in Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Dimensions, and Google Scholar for studies published between 2015 and 2026. Methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal framework and risk-of-bias assessment. This research demonstrates that financial literacy is a critical enabler of successful elderly entrepreneurship. Older adults with adequate financial knowledge are better equipped to manage entrepreneurial risks, savings, and investment decisions. Financial literacy was consistently associated with improved business continuity, entrepreneurial resilience, savings behavior, investment decision-making, digital adaptation, and financial independence. Digital financial literacy also enhanced market adaptation and access to financial technologies. Entrepreneurship interventions positively influenced financial independence, social participation, active aging, and psychological well-being among older adults. Financial literacy represents a strategic capability that supports sustainable entrepreneurship among older adults. Nevertheless, stronger longitudinal and experimental studies are needed to establish causal relationships between financial literacy and long-term business sustainability outcomes.

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