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The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Published by International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd.
ISSN : 30481376     EISSN : 30481368     DOI : -
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Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research, published by International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd. is dedicated to providing physicians with the best research and important information in the world of medical research and science and to present the information in a format that is understandable and clinically useful. Committed to publishing multidisciplinary research that spans the entire spectrum of healthcare and medicine access, The American Journal of Medical Science and Health Research aims at an international audience of pharmacists, clinicians, medical ethicists, regulators, and researchers, providing an online forum for the rapid dissemination of recent research and perspectives in this area.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Review dan Referensi, Kedokteran
Articles 529 Documents
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Literature Review: The Relationship Between The Incidence Of Infection And Length Of Stay In Burn Patients Siti Aisyah Karina HB; Sri Vitayani; Syakir
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/kc7qpt84

Abstract

Burn injuries are a global health issue that cause high morbidity and mortality, particularly in low- to middle-income countries such as Indonesia. Infection is the most common complication that prolongs hospitalization and increases the risk of death in burn patients. The aim of this study is to review the relationship between infection incidence and the length of hospital stay in burn patients based on national and international literature. Based on the review of 10 articles, it was found that infections caused by resistant pathogenic bacteria such as  Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Staphylococcus aureus significantly extend the duration of treatment. Other risk factors, including the extent of the burn, delayed treatment, and immune response, also affect the length of hospitalization. Proper and early management—including wound care, antimicrobial therapy, and community education—is crucial for accelerating the healing
Vitamin D Supplementation Compared With Inhalation Therapy In Asthma Patients: A Meta-Analysis Using Revman Alifah Raihan Fadilla; Imran Safei; Abdul Mubdi Ardiansar Arifuddin Karim
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/frtfrb79

Abstract

Introduction: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that remains difficult to control despite the availability of standard therapies such as inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). The role of vitamin D as an immunomodulator with anti-inflammatory properties has attracted attention as a potential adjunctive therapy. Several studies have reported an association between vitamin D deficiency and increased asthma severity. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation and inhalation therapy in controlling asthma symptoms. Methods: This meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. A systematic search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Included studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of either vitamin D supplementation or inhalation therapy on the Asthma Control Test (ACT) score. Data were analyzed using a random-effects model in Review Manager 5.2, with effect sizes presented as Standardized Mean Differences (SMD). Results: A total of 11 studies were included (6 on vitamin D, 5 on inhalation therapy). Vitamin D supplementation showed a pooled SMD of 0.54 (95% CI: 0.25–0.84; p = 0.0003), indicating a moderate effect, with high heterogeneity (I² = 93%). Studies by Tuba Çiftçi (2019) and Rubén Andújar-Espinosa (2020) reported large effects (SMD > 1), while Adrian (2015) showed no significant effect. Inhalation therapy produced more variable outcomes; Belachew (2022) showed the largest effect (SMD = 1.32), while studies such as Boonsawat (2015) and Kondla (2016) reported small or nonsignificant effects. Overall, vitamin D showed a more consistent and generally greater effect compared to inhalation therapy. Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation appears to be an effective adjunctive therapy for improving asthma control, particularly in patients with vitamin D deficiency. Further large-scale RCTs are needed to determine optimal dosing, duration, and the most responsive patient subgroups.
Literature Review: The Characteristics Of Central Nervous System Tumors Nurhikmah; Achmad Harun Muchsin; Aziz Beru Gani
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/mtr84s67

Abstract

Brain tumors are one of the tumors that have poor progression and can develop into malignancies depending on the location of the tumor. Central nervous system (CNS) tumors include primary tumors and metastatic tumors located in the brain and spinal cord..This research method was conducted with a literature review through the collection of various research journals and obtained 10 samples of related research literature. The results showed that the characteristics of central nervous system tumors were predominantly male, aged ≥18 years, the most common type of primary SPP tumor was glioblastoma, the most common location of lesions was supratentorial and based on the most common complaints were headaches.
A Rare Case of Neonatal Thoracotomy for a Penetrating Chest Injury Caused by a Pitbull Bite I GNA Bayu Wiradinatha; I Made Indra Prasetya; Ni Made Sukewanti; I Ngurah Arya Wicaksana
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/ny7r2735

Abstract

Introduction: Penetrating thoracic trauma in the neonatal period is a rare and highly lethal event. Dog bites, particularly from powerful breeds, can inflict catastrophic injuries that present a formidable challenge to even the most prepared trauma centers. This report details the successful management of a neonate with life-threatening thoracic injuries following a pitbull attack. Case Report: A 2.7 kg male neonate presented in respiratory failure and shock after being mauled by a pitbull. Examination revealed an open pneumothorax, flail chest, multiple displaced rib fractures, and visible lung lacerations. After initial stabilization, he underwent an emergency left thoracotomy. The procedure involved primary repair of multiple deep lung lacerations and stabilization of the flail chest segment. The postoperative course was complex, requiring nine days of mechanical ventilation, management of atelectasis, multiple blood product transfusions, and broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy. The patient made a full recovery and was discharged after 20 days. Discussion: The successful outcome was contingent upon a rapid, coordinated, multidisciplinary response. Key interventions included immediate life-saving procedures in the emergency department, aggressive surgical control of hemorrhage and air leak, and meticulous postoperative critical care. Management focused on lung-protective ventilation, infection prevention, and nutritional support, which were crucial for navigating the complicated recovery period. Conclusion: Catastrophic thoracic trauma in a neonate, while having a grim prognosis, is survivable. This case demonstrates that immediate, aggressive surgical intervention combined with prolonged, high-acuity intensive care can lead to a positive outcome, underscoring the importance of an integrated trauma system.
What Are The Specific Risk Factors Associated With Febrile Seizures In Children Under 5 Years Old In Urban Pediatric Populations ? : A Comprehensive Systematic Review Mega Reliska; H. Mustarim
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/cgk18m15

Abstract

Introduction: Febrile seizures (FS) are the most common seizure type in children under five years, especially in urban pediatric populations. These seizures occur with fever without intracranial infection and pose significant clinical challenges due to their acute onset and recurrence risk. Understanding FS risk factors is essential for early identification and prevention. Methods: A systematic review following PRISMA 2020 guidelines was conducted, including 40 studies published since 2015. Studies focused on children aged 0-5 years in urban settings, examining demographic, clinical, genetic, and environmental risk factors for FS. Data extraction covered study design, population characteristics, risk factors, outcomes, and interventions. Boolean MeSH keywords related to pediatric populations, feeding methods, treatments, and FS outcomes guided database searches. Results: Younger age (6-60 months) and family history of febrile seizures showed strong and moderate-to-strong associations with FS risk, respectively. Iron deficiency anemia was prevalent in 38% of FS cases and strongly correlated with seizure occurrence. Other moderate risk factors included low serum zinc and calcium, infections such as HHV-6, and genetic mutations (notably SCN1A). Formula feeding was linked to higher FS occurrence, while exclusive breastfeeding showed a protective effect. Prophylactic treatments like diazepam and sodium valproate reduced recurrence, though safety profiles varied. Nursing and parental education improved symptom management and anxiety. Discussion: FS etiology is multifactorial, involving demographic, clinical, genetic, and environmental factors that often interact, compounding risk. Age-specific strategies—such as genetic screening in infants and iron supplementation in toddlers—are recommended. Urban environmental factors and healthcare disparities further influence FS risk and management. Conclusion: Febrile seizures in urban children under five result from complex, interacting risk factors. Prevention and management require integrated, age-tailored approaches including nutritional support, infection control, prophylactic medication, breastfeeding promotion, and education. Continued research and guideline adherence are vital to improve outcomes.
How Do Different Psoriasis Management Strategies Impact Quality Of Life In Adult Patients With Chronic Plaque Psoriasis ? : A Systematic Review Eva Susilawetty Samosir; Eko John Wesley Butar Butar; Malinda R Siburian
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/q1pnz363

Abstract

Introduction: Psoriasis, a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory skin disorder, significantly impairs patients' quality of life (QoL) due to erythematous, scaly plaques, pruritus, pain, and psychological distress. The Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) is widely used to assess QoL in psoriasis patients, with higher scores indicating greater impairment. Despite treatment advancements, many patients experience impaired QoL, necessitating effective management strategies. This study systematically evaluates the impact of various psoriasis management strategies on QoL in adult patients with chronic plaque psoriasis, aiming to identify treatments that yield the greatest improvements in symptom relief, daily functioning, and psychosocial well-being. Methods: This systematic review strictly adhered to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Studies were screened based on predefined eligibility criteria including adult participants with chronic plaque psoriasis, evaluation of psoriasis management strategies (topical, systemic, biologic, or phototherapy), QoL measurement using validated instruments (e.g., DLQI, SF-36, PSORIQoL), randomized controlled trials or prospective cohort designs, treatment duration of at least 12 weeks, and a sample size of 30 or more participants. Data extraction involved identifying study design, participant characteristics, intervention details, QoL outcome measures, and statistical analyses. A comprehensive search using Boolean MeSH keywords was conducted across multiple databases. Results: Forty studies were included in the systematic review. The majority of studies utilized randomized controlled trial designs (16 studies), with others being observational (8 studies) or pooled analyses/other designs (16 studies). Biologic therapies were examined in 28 studies, small molecule therapies in 5, topical therapies in 3, methotrexate in 2, and phototherapy and spa therapy in 1 each. The DLQI was the most frequently used QoL measurement tool, appearing in 38 studies. Biologic therapies consistently demonstrated the most robust improvements in QoL, with many studies reporting significant DLQI reductions and a high proportion of patients achieving minimal or no impact on QoL (DLQI 0/1). Conventional systemic therapies and combination approaches also showed QoL improvements, including significant symptom relief, particularly pruritus. Improvements were observed across QoL domains such as daily activities, symptom impact, and psychosocial well-being. Discussion: The findings highlight that biologic therapies offer substantial and clinically meaningful improvements in QoL for adult patients with chronic plaque psoriasis, often outperforming conventional systemic treatments. These benefits extend to crucial QoL domains, addressing not only physical symptoms but also psychosocial distress and daily functioning. The consistent reporting of DLQI 0/1 achievement with biologics underscores their efficacy in achieving minimal disease impact on patients' lives. While other treatments also contribute to QoL improvement, biologics appear to offer more comprehensive and sustained benefits. Conclusion: Biologic therapies are highly effective in improving the quality of life for adult patients with chronic plaque psoriasis, demonstrating superior outcomes in symptom relief, daily functioning, and psychosocial well-being compared to conventional systemic treatments. Further research is needed to explore long-term QoL outcomes and patient preferences across different management strategies.
What are the most effective medical interventions for managing retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants born ? : A Systematic Review Roysam Azmal sitanggang; Sita Pradjnadewi
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/xcyxt302

Abstract

Introduction: Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of preventable childhood blindness affecting preterm infants. Laser photocoagulation, the traditional standard of care, is effective but inherently destructive, leading to permanent peripheral visual field defects and a high incidence of myopia. The introduction of anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) agents like bevacizumab offers a less destructive approach with the potential for better refractive outcomes. However, concerns regarding disease recurrence and potential systemic effects persist. This systematic review was conducted to evaluate and synthesize current evidence to determine the most effective medical interventions for ROP. Methods: This systematic review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive search was performed across PubMed, Semantic Scholar, Springer, and Google Scholar. Twenty-seven studies, including randomized controlled trials and comparative studies evaluating anti-VEGF therapies and laser photocoagulation, were included. The primary outcomes analyzed were disease regression, recurrence rates, and long-term structural and refractive outcomes. Results: The evidence consistently showed that both anti-VEGF therapy and laser photocoagulation are highly effective in achieving initial disease regression. A significant advantage for anti-VEGF therapy is more favorable long-term refractive outcomes, particularly a significantly lower incidence of high myopia compared to laser. However, this is counterbalanced by a variable but significant risk of disease recurrence following anti-VEGF monotherapy, a risk that is lower with laser treatment. Evidence also suggests clinical differences between agents, with one study finding a lower recurrence rate for bevacizumab compared to aflibercept. Conclusion: The optimal management for ROP requires balancing significant trade-offs. Anti-VEGF therapy is often the superior choice for posterior disease (Zone I) and offers the compelling benefit of better long-term vision by reducing high myopia. Conversely, laser photocoagulation provides a more definitive treatment with lower recurrence rates but at the known cost of peripheral vision. Combination strategies are emerging to leverage the strengths of both modalities. Ultimately, the treatment decision must be individualized, weighing the risk of recurrence and unknown systemic effects of anti-VEGF against the certainty of peripheral field loss and myopia from laser.
Systematic Review with Revman Method: Comparison of Creatinine Levels with Cystatin-C in Identifying CKD in Hypertension Patients Siti Anisah Azzahra Rasmin; Abdul Mubdi Ardiansar Arifuddin Karim; Muhammad Rasyidi Juhamran
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/6yfxq676

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious complication frequently associated with hypertension. Early and accurate evaluation of kidney function is essential to prevent disease progression. Serum creatinine is commonly used to estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), but its diagnostic accuracy is limited. Cystatin-C has emerged as a more sensitive and specific biomarker for detecting renal dysfunction, especially in high-risk populations such as hypertensive patients. Objective: To evaluate and compare the diagnostic accuracy of serum creatinine and cystatin-C in identifying CKD among hypertensive patients through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines and included studies retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Quantitative data from 10 eligible studies were analyzed using Review Manager (RevMan) version 5.2. The primary outcomes included differences in eGFR values based on cystatin-C and creatinine, as well as diagnostic measures such as sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC). Results: Analysis of 10 studies involving 8,554 hypertensive patients indicated that eGFR based on cystatin-C tends to yield lower estimates of kidney function compared to creatinine-based eGFR (Standardized Mean Difference [SMD] = –0.24; p = 0.12). This suggests a potential for earlier detection of kidney impairment, although the difference was not statistically significant. The majority of studies reported that cystatin-C had a higher area under the curve (AUC) and was more accurate in reclassifying CKD stages compared to creatinine. Conclusion: Cystatin-C offers superior diagnostic and predictive performance compared to creatinine in detecting CKD among hypertensive patients, especially in early detection and disease classification. Its selective use in high-risk populations is recommended to enhance diagnostic accuracy and improve clinical decision-making.
Effects of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors on cognitive function in patients with chronic traumatic brain injury : A Systematic Review Nadia Afnani Er Rahmah; Tsalis Yuna Hafshoh; Ritsya Aulia Isnani; Zhaki Al Asror; Ahmad Zayyin Najah
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/6d0m6c25

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) often results in persistent cognitive impairments due to the disruption of the cholinergic system. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) are investigated to counter this, but the evidence for their efficacy is inconsistent, necessitating a systematic review to synthesize the current evidence. Methods: Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across databases including PubMed and Google Scholar. The review included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews focused on AChEIs in adults with chronic TBI. Eight studies were included in the final synthesis. Results: The evidence revealed highly significant, agent-specific effects rather than a uniform class benefit. A meta-analysis identified a statistically significant and large effect size for donepezil on aggregated cognitive outcomes (d=1.68, p=0.03). Separately, galantamine produced a statistically significant improvement in episodic memory (p=0.011) in an RCT. In direct and significant contrast, a large, multi-center RCT found no significant difference between the rivastigmine patch and placebo on its primary verbal memory outcome (p=0.41). A significant safety finding from a large meta-analysis was an increased risk of syncope (relative risk 1.50) associated with cholinesterase inhibitors. Conclusion: The evidence indicates that the therapeutic benefit of AChEIs in chronic TBI is not universal, but drug-specific. The significant positive signals for donepezil and galantamine, contrasted with the strong evidence of non-efficacy for rivastigmine, highlight this disparity. The compelling but preliminary finding for donepezil warrants urgent replication in large-scale, dedicated RCTs to confirm its potential as an adjunct to comprehensive rehabilitation for TBI.
Cement-Induced Irritant Contact Dermatitis: A Case Report Natasha Caroline Gigir; Anak Agung Istri Indah Paramita; Ni Putu Devi Gema Partamayani
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 14 No. 4 (2025): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/ty5v1n10

Abstract

Background: Irritant Contact Dermatitis (ICD) is a non-immunologic inflammatory skin reaction resulting from direct epidermal damage by exogenous agents, which subsequently activates the innate immune system. Its development is influenced by both endogenous and exogenous factors. As one of the most frequently reported occupational health problems, ICD poses a significant risk to construction workers who are routinely exposed to irritants like cement. Case Presentation: We present the case of a 35-year-old male construction worker who presented with a two-week history of intense pruritus and progressive skin thickening on his hands and feet. Dermatological examination revealed erosions, significant crusting, and marked lichenification on the dorsal aspects of both hands and feet. Management and Outcome: The patient was diagnosed with Chronic Irritant Contact Dermatitis based on his clinical history and physical findings. He was managed with a combination of systemic corticosteroids and antihistamines, complemented by topical corticosteroid therapy and comprehensive patient education. Follow-up revealed significant clinical improvement. Conclusion: The diagnosis of ICD was established through a thorough anamnesis and physical examination, highlighting the patient's occupational exposure to cement as the primary risk factor. This case underscores that effective management hinges on the strict avoidance of the causative irritant, robust patient education on personal protective equipment, and appropriate pharmacotherapy to control inflammation and symptoms.

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