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SASI
Published by Universitas Pattimura
ISSN : 16930061     EISSN : 26142961     DOI : https://doi.org/10.47268/sasi
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Ruang lingkup artikel yang terdapat dalam jurnal ini membahas berbagai topik di bidang Hukum Pidana, Hukum Perdata, Hukum Tata Negara, Hukum Internasional, Hukum Administrasi, Hukum Lingkungan, Hukum Adat, Hukum Islam dan bagian lain yang terkait dengan isu-isu kontemporer di bidang hukum.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 466 Documents
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Reconciling Regulatory Governance and Communal Rights in Traditional Medicine: A Comparative Legal Study of Indonesia and Malaysia Rachman, Sulyanti; Salam, Safrin; Suhartono, Rizki Mustika; Ribeiro, Leonito
SASI Vol 32 No 3: Volume 32 Issue 3, September 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47268/sasi.v32i3.3707

Abstract

Introduction: The governance of traditional knowledge in traditional medicine raises a regulatory challenge: how can public health oversight be reconciled with the collective rights and customary practices of knowledge-holding communities? Indonesia and Malaysia provide a relevant comparative context because their regulatory frameworks differ in institutional organization and recognition of traditional medicine. Purposes of the Research: This study examines and compares the legal governance of traditional knowledge in traditional medicine management in Indonesia and Malaysia, focusing on legal recognition, regulatory protection, customary law, and benefit-sharing. Methods of the Research: The study employs normative legal research with a comparative and conceptual approach. It examines relevant legislation, regulatory instruments, legal doctrines, and scholarly literature to identify similarities, differences, and normative gaps in the two legal systems. Results of the Research: The analysis indicates that traditional medicine governance in both jurisdictions prioritizes regulatory supervision and public health objectives, while the recognition of traditional knowledge as a collective legal entitlement remains insufficiently developed. Indonesia presents a fragmented regulatory framework, whereas Malaysia demonstrates more centralized institutional regulation. The study proposes a normative framework for integrating legal pluralism, regulatory accountability, and community-oriented protection. Its contribution lies in connecting traditional knowledge governance with the legal design of collective rights and equitable benefit-sharing.
Living Law in Indonesia’s New Criminal Code: Constructing a Harmonization Framework for National and Customary Criminal Law Hasbi, Mhd; Silitonga, Saritua; Sitompul, Ariman
SASI Vol 32 No 3: Volume 32 Issue 3, September 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47268/sasi.v32i3.3718

Abstract

Introduction: The recognition of living law under Indonesia’s Law Number 1 of 2023 on the Criminal Code creates a normative intersection between state criminal law and customary criminal law. However, the legal framework does not yet provide sufficient juridical mechanisms for determining, verifying, and applying customary criminal norms within the formal criminal justice system. Purposes of the Research: This study aims to construct a juridical framework for harmonizing national and customary criminal law by examining the legal position of living law, identifying criteria for the recognition of customary criminal norms, and formulating mechanisms for their application within the national criminal justice system. Methods of the Research: This study employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and analytical approaches. Primary legal materials, particularly Law Number 1 of 2023, the 1945 Constitution, and Law Number 48 of 2009, are analyzed through systematic, teleological, and historical interpretation. Results of the Research: The study develops a juridical construction consisting of four recognition parameters and three operational mechanisms. A customary norm must demonstrably exist and continue to be practiced, be recognized by the relevant community, be judicially verifiable, and comply with constitutional, human-rights, and fundamental criminal-law principles. The operational framework comprises: (1) compilation of customary offenses through participatory regional regulation; (2) coordination between formal and customary institutions; and (3) a hybrid model integrating formal adjudication with customary restorative mechanisms where legally permissible. The study concludes that harmonization should be based on structured coexistence rather than assimilation, thereby accommodating living law while preserving legality, legal certainty, and human-rights protection.
The Liminal Space of Customary Law: Bakar Batu and Legal Pluralism in Papua's Asymmetric Conflict Resolution Kasenda, Donald; Alkatiri, Zeffry; Setyani, Turita Indah; Tjahjandari, Lily
SASI Vol 32 No 3: Volume 32 Issue 3, September 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47268/sasi.v32i3.3839

Abstract

Introduction: Papua's prolonged asymmetric conflict illustrates the limitations of formal legal mechanisms in generating legitimacy and facilitating dialogue between state institutions, indigenous communities, and non-state actors. The Bakar Batu tradition provides an important customary setting for reconciliation and intergroup dialogue, yet its legal significance within Indonesia's plural legal order remains insufficiently examined. Purposes of the Research:  This study examines the role and juridical position of Bakar Batu as a customary mediation practice in asymmetric conflict resolution and analyzes the extent to which its customary authority can interact with Indonesia's constitutional and statutory framework. Methods of the Research: The study employs a socio-legal qualitative case-study approach focusing on the SusiAir hostage crisis. Empirical data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with customary leaders, government officials, indigenous community representatives, and customary-law scholars, complemented by analysis of constitutional provisions, legislation, judicial decisions, and relevant secondary sources. Legal pluralism and Turner's concept of liminality were used as analytical frameworks. Results of the Research: The findings indicate that Bakar Batu functions primarily as a culturally legitimate mediation space that facilitates communication, reduces perceived power asymmetries, and strengthens social relationships among actors. Its significance lies less in replacing state law than in complementing formal mechanisms through culturally grounded legitimacy. The study identifies a gap between constitutional recognition of customary communities and the institutional mechanisms available to connect customary mediation with formal conflict-resolution processes.
Reconstructing Legality in a Plural Legal System: Living Law and Customary Criminal Law Under Indonesia’s New Criminal Code Mukaromah, Lisa Aminatul; Anam, Khurul; Azizah, Imroatul
SASI Vol 32 No 4: Volume 32 Issue 4, December 2026 (Issue in Progress)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47268/sasi.v32i4.3890

Abstract

Introduction: The recognition of living law under Indonesia’s new Criminal Code challenges the conventional understanding of the legality principle, which traditionally requires criminal liability to be based on predetermined written law. The challenge is particularly significant in Indonesia’s plural legal order, where customary norms continue to operate alongside state law. Purposes of the Research: This study aims to reconstruct the principle of legality by examining the normative position of living law and customary criminal law under Law No. 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code. It specifically examines how legal certainty, substantive justice, constitutional rights, and cultural legitimacy can be reconciled. Methods of the Research: This study employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, philosophical, and comparative approaches. Primary legal materials consist of Law No. 1 of 2023 and its implementing regulations, while secondary materials include scholarly literature on legality, living law, legal pluralism, and customary criminal law. The materials are analyzed qualitatively and prescriptively. Results of the Research: The study finds that living law does not abolish the legality principle but modifies its operation within a constitutionally bounded plural legal framework. Customary criminal norms may function as a limited source of criminal liability only when their existence, territorial applicability, normative content, and compatibility with constitutional and human-rights standards are established. The study proposes a bounded legality model that combines formal legality, validated living law, judicial scrutiny, and institutional safeguards. Conclusion: The reconstruction therefore requires not unrestricted judicial recognition of customary norms, but a controlled integration of living law that preserves legal certainty while accommodating legitimate customary values.
Reconstructing the Constitutional Boundaries of the Noken Electoral System in Papua: Customary Consensus and Electoral Integrity Siregar, Fritz Edward; Mulyosudarmo, Suviana Suwoto
SASI Vol 32 No 4: Volume 32 Issue 4, December 2026 (Issue in Progress)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47268/sasi.v32i4.4072

Abstract

Introduction: The Noken electoral system represents a distinctive form of customary electoral practice in Papua that has been accommodated within Indonesia's constitutional and electoral framework. Its communal decision-making mechanism, however, raises questions concerning individual suffrage, electoral equality, ballot secrecy, and electoral integrity. Purposes of the Research: This study examines the constitutional status of the Noken electoral system and determines the legal boundaries for reconciling customary communal consensus with the principles of constitutional democracy. Methods of the Research: This study employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. Primary legal materials include the 1945 Constitution, electoral regulations, and Constitutional Court decisions concerning the Noken system, complemented by scholarly literature on customary law, legal pluralism, and deliberative democracy. The materials are analyzed through qualitative legal interpretation and constitutional harmonization. Results of the Research: The study finds that constitutional recognition of the Noken system cannot be understood as an unconditional exemption from electoral principles. Its legitimacy depends on the continuing existence of genuine customary consensus and its compatibility with constitutional rights and electoral integrity. The study proposes a conditional accommodation model based on territorial continuity, authentic communal deliberation, informed and voluntary participation, documented consensus, independent electoral supervision, and effective remedies against coercion and manipulation. Conclusion: The Noken system may be constitutionally accommodated as a form of legal pluralism, but its application requires enforceable legal boundaries. Where customary consensus is demonstrably replaced by coercion, vote buying, or systematic manipulation, the state should activate a legally defined transition mechanism toward the standard voting system.
Synergizing Dayak Kenyah Local Wisdom with State Law for Village Fund Corruption Prevention Irawan, Aris; Asneliwarni, Asneliwarni; Ransangan, Julian
SASI Vol 32 No 4: Volume 32 Issue 4, December 2026 (Issue in Progress)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47268/sasi.v32i4.4073

Abstract

Introduction: Corruption in Village Fund management remains a governance challenge, particularly in geographically remote areas where formal oversight is difficult to sustain. Dayak Kenyah customary law in Malinau, North Kalimantan, offers a context for examining how community-based norms may complement state accountability mechanisms. Purposes of the Research: This study examines how the Tana' Ulen stewardship ethic, integrity-oriented leadership, and customary sanctions may contribute to corruption prevention, and proposes a framework for integrating customary institutions with formal law. Methods of the Research: The study employs a qualitative socio-legal approach combining statutory and conceptual analysis with documentary research on Dayak Kenyah customary practices and materials concerning corruption enforcement in Malinau. The analysis examines the relationship between customary norms, social accountability, and Indonesia's legal framework for Village Fund governance. Results of the Research: The analysis identifies three potential contributions of customary law: promoting collective responsibility for public resources, strengthening community participation in leadership accountability, and encouraging early social responses to breaches of trust. However, these mechanisms may also be weakened by elite loyalty, social pressure, or reluctance to report misconduct. The study therefore proposes participatory oversight through village forums, culturally grounded integrity education, and coordination between customary institutions and state authorities. Conclusion: Dayak Kenyah customary law may provide a context-sensitive complement to formal corruption prevention, provided that its implementation respects human rights, due process, and statutory authority. The proposed framework offers a basis for further empirical evaluation rather than proof of a causal reduction in corruption.

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