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Escalate : Economics and Business Journal
Published by PT. Takaza Innovatix Labs
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30254213     DOI : https://doi.org/10.61536/escalate
Core Subject : Economy,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance
Escalate invites both empirical and theoretical articles that explore micro and macro phenomena. The journals publication scope encompasses a wide array of domains, including macro and micro economics, business strategy and policy, entrepreneurship, finance and accounting studies, human resource management, marketing, organizational behavior, organizational theory, and research methods.
Arjuna Subject : Bisnis, Menejemen, dan Akutansi (semua kategori) - Bisnis, Menejemen, dan Akutansi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 358 Documents
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The Influence of Price to Book Value (PBV), Earning Per Share (EPS) and Net Profit Margin (NPM) on the Share Price of PT Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero) TBK for the Period 2016-2025 Gusti Ayu Kumara Dewi; Tri Sulistyani
Escalate : Economics and Business Journal Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Escalate : Economics and Business Journal
Publisher : Takaza Innovatix Labs Ltd.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61536/escalate.v4i4.778

Abstract

This study examines the association of Price to Book Value (PBV), Earnings Per Share (EPS), and Net Profit Margin (NPM) with the stock price of PT Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero) Tbk during the 2016–2025 period. A quantitative associative approach was employed using secondary data from the company’s annual financial statements and year-end stock prices. The analysis covered ten annual observations and was conducted using SPSS version 23, including descriptive statistics, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, t-tests, an F-test, and the coefficient of determination. The reported results indicate that PBV is positively and significantly associated with stock price (t = 5.918, p = .001), as is EPS (t = 6.496, p = .001). NPM is reported to have a negative and statistically significant association with stock price (t = −6.000, p < .001). The overall regression model is statistically significant (F = 43.359, p < .001). The Adjusted R² of .934 indicates that the model explains 93.4% of the variation in stock price, while the remaining 6.6% is not explained by the variables included in the model. Given the limited number of annual observations, these results should be interpreted cautiously and do not establish causal relationships.
Analysis of Profitability and Liquidity Ratios in Assessing the Financial Performance of PT. Mitra Adiperkasa (MAPI) Tbk for the 2016-2025 Period Cindy Adelia Prameswari; Hendri Prasetyo
Escalate : Economics and Business Journal Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Escalate : Economics and Business Journal
Publisher : Takaza Innovatix Labs Ltd.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61536/escalate.v4i4.780

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the financial performance of PT. Mitra Adiperkasa (MAPI) Tbk for the period 2016–2025 through profitability ratios (Return On Assets, Return On Equity, and Net Profit Margin) and liquidity ratios (Current Ratio, Quick Ratio, and Cash Ratio). The research method used is descriptive quantitative, with the population and sample being the company's annual consolidated financial statements for the ten-year observation period. The results show that the overall financial performance of PT. Mitra Adiperkasa Tbk is in a less than optimal condition. In terms of profitability, the average ROA is 5.8%, ROE is 11.9%, and NPM is 6.9%, all of which are below industry standards. In terms of liquidity, the average Current Ratio is 140.7%, Quick Ratio is 77.0%, and Cash Ratio is 35.1%, which also do not meet industry standards. This indicates that the company needs to optimize operational cost control and asset and inventory management to improve efficiency and the ability to meet short-term obliga
Analysis of Jakarta Composite Index Volatility and Macroeconomic Determinants on the Frequency of Initial Public Offerings in the Indonesia Stock Exchange Basel Onn
Escalate : Economics and Business Journal Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Escalate : Economics and Business Journal
Publisher : Takaza Innovatix Labs Ltd.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61536/escalate.v4i4.782

Abstract

This study examines the short-run and long-run relationships between Jakarta Composite Index (JCI) volatility, macroeconomic factors, and the frequency of Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) in Indonesia over the period 1995–2024. Using 30 annual observations from the Indonesia Stock Exchange, Investing.com, and the World Bank, the study applies the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model and Error Correction Model (ECM). The results indicate that JCI volatility and inflation have significant negative long-run relationships with IPO frequency, while the crisis dummy has a significant positive relationship. In contrast, the long-run coefficients for the CBOE Volatility Index (VIX) and JCI returns are not statistically significant. In the short run, changes in JCI volatility are positively and significantly associated with IPO frequency, whereas changes in the crisis dummy are negatively and significantly associated with IPO frequency. Changes in the VIX show negative associations, with the contemporaneous coefficient significant at the 10% level and the lagged coefficient significant at the 5% level. Changes in JCI returns do not show a statistically significant relationship with IPO frequency. The error correction term is negative and statistically significant, indicating an adjustment toward the estimated long-run equilibrium. Overall, the findings suggest that the relationships between market conditions and IPO frequency differ between the short and long run. However, the results should be interpreted in light of the limited annual observations and the operational definition of the crisis dummy.
The Effect of Sales Growth and Operating Expenses on Net Profit at PT. Indofarma Tbk for the 2015-2024 Period Ghevira Reviani; Hendri Prasetyo
Escalate : Economics and Business Journal Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Escalate : Economics and Business Journal
Publisher : Takaza Innovatix Labs Ltd.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61536/escalate.v4i4.784

Abstract

This study examines the relationship between sales growth, operating expenses, and net profit at PT Indofarma Tbk during 2015–2024. Using a quantitative approach, the study analyzes secondary data from 10 annual financial statements. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, and t-tests and F-tests with SPSS version 26. The results indicate that sales growth has a positive and statistically significant relationship with net profit ((t = 2.954); (p = 0.021)). Operating expenses also show a positive and statistically significant relationship with net profit ((t = 8.329); (p < 0.001)). Jointly, both variables are statistically significant in the model ((F = 38.182); (p < 0.001)). The (R^2) value of 0.916 indicates that the model accounts for 91.6% of the variation in net profit within the observed sample. The positive operating expense coefficient should be interpreted in the context of the study’s measurement and the company’s financial data, rather than as evidence that higher expenses necessarily improve performance.
The Effect Of Digital Literacy On Digital Readiness Among Tirtonadi Terminal Employees: The Mediating Role Of Digital Competence Rafiif Nabiil Musthafa
Escalate : Economics and Business Journal Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Escalate : Economics and Business Journal
Publisher : Takaza Innovatix Labs Ltd.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61536/escalate.v4i4.786

Abstract

This study examines the effect of digital literacy on digital readiness among employees of Tirtonadi Terminal, Surakarta, and tests digital competence as a mediating mechanism. A quantitative explanatory design was used with 120 employees selected from a population of 172 through simple random sampling. Data were collected using a five-point Likert questionnaire covering digital literacy, digital competence, and digital readiness, and were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4. The measurement model met convergent validity, discriminant validity, and reliability criteria. Digital literacy significantly increased digital competence (β = 0.711; t = 12.302; p < 0.001) and digital readiness (β = 0.740; t = 14.262; p < 0.001), while digital competence significantly improved digital readiness (β = 0.485; t = 6.070; p < 0.001). The indirect effect was also significant (β = 0.345; t = 4.931; p < 0.001), indicating partial mediation. The findings show that literacy provides the cognitive and technical foundation for digital adaptation, while competence converts that foundation into work-related capability. Public transport organizations should therefore combine digital-literacy development with practical competence training to strengthen employee readiness for continuing digital transformation
The Effect of Operating Cash Flow, Investing Cash Flow, and Financing Cash Flow on the Net Profit Margin of PT. Mitra Adiperkasa, Tbk for the Period 2015-2024 Ladiva Putri Marlian; Hendri Prasetyo
Escalate : Economics and Business Journal Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Escalate : Economics and Business Journal
Publisher : Takaza Innovatix Labs Ltd.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61536/escalate.v4i4.787

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of Operating Cash Flow, Investment Cash Flow, and Funding Cash Flow on Net Profit Margin at PT Mitra Adiperkasa Tbk for the 2015-2024 period. This study uses a quantitative method with an associative type of research. The data used secondary data obtained from the company's financial statements during the research period. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling with samples in the form of company financial statements for the period 2015–2024. The data analysis techniques used were descriptive statistics, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression tests, model feasibility tests, and hypothesis tests (t-tests and F-tests) with the help of SPSS version 26. The results showed that Operating Cash Flow had no significant effect on Net Profit Margin with a t-calculated value (0.049) and a significant value (0.962). Investment Cash Flow also had no significant effect on Net Profit Margin with a t-calculated value (1.818) and a significant value (0.119). Furthermore, Funding Cash Flow had no significant effect on Net Profit Margin with a t-calculated value (-0.733) and a significant value (0.491). Simultaneously, Operating Cash Flow, Investment Cash Flow, and Funding Cash Flow had no significant effect on Net Profit Margin with an F-calculated value (1.202) and a significant value (0.386). The coefficient of determination (R2) with an Adjusted R Square value of 0.063 or 6.3% shows that the ability of the regression model to explain the variation in Net Profit Margin is relatively low. This value indicates that the variables of Operating Cash Flow, Investment Cash Flow, and Funding Cash Flow have not been able to explain the variation in Net Profit Margin well, so that the variation in Net Profit Margin is more influenced by other factors outside the study.
The Influence of Supporter Loyalty and Brand Image on Official Merchandise Purchase Decisions at Persis Store Surakarta Rama Bagus Satrio Pratama; Esti Dwi Rahmawati; Umi Hanifah
Escalate : Economics and Business Journal Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Escalate : Economics and Business Journal
Publisher : Takaza Innovatix Labs Ltd.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61536/escalate.v4i4.791

Abstract

This study aims to examine the relationship between supporter loyalty, brand image, and official merchandise purchase decisions at Persis Store Surakarta. The study employed a quantitative approach with a descriptive and associative design. Data were collected through questionnaires from 120 Persis Solo supporters who had previously purchased official merchandise at Persis Store Surakarta and were willing to participate. Respondents were selected using purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression, partial t-tests, a simultaneous F-test, and the coefficient of determination (R²). The results show that supporter loyalty has a positive and statistically significant relationship with purchasing decisions (B = 0.229, t = 2.519, p = 0.013). Brand image also has a positive and statistically significant relationship with purchasing decisions (B = 0.396, t = 4.600, p < 0.001). Based on the standardized regression coefficients, brand image has a larger relative association with purchasing decisions (β = 0.399) than supporter loyalty (β = 0.225). Simultaneously, supporter loyalty and brand image are significantly associated with purchasing decisions (F = 46.715, p < 0.001). The R² value of 0.547 indicates that the two independent variables explain 54.7% of the variation in purchasing decisions among the respondents. These findings highlight the relevance of supporter loyalty and brand image to official merchandise purchasing decisions among existing Persis Store customers. However, the results may not represent supporters who have never purchased official merchandise and should not be interpreted as establishing causality.
The Influence of Competence, Work Discipline, and Work Environment on Employee Performance at Tirtonadi Type A Terminal, Surakarta Khoirul Yazid Sukron Nawawi
Escalate : Economics and Business Journal Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Escalate : Economics and Business Journal
Publisher : Takaza Innovatix Labs Ltd.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61536/escalate.v4i4.792

Abstract

This study examines the effects of competence, work discipline, and work environment on employee performance at Tirtonadi Type A Terminal, Surakarta. A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted among employees of the terminal. From a population of 172 employees, 120 respondents were selected using probability sampling with a simple random sampling approach. Data were collected through a 1-5 Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed using multiple linear regression, t tests, an F test, and the coefficient of determination. The measurement items were valid and the scales met the reliability criterion, while the regression model satisfied the multicollinearity, heteroskedasticity, and normality diagnostics. The results show that competence has a positive and significant effect on employee performance (B = 0.216; p = 0.025), work discipline has a positive and significant effect (B = 0.525; p < 0.001), and work environment also has a positive and significant effect (B = 0.273; p = 0.008). The model is significant (F = 65.559; p < 0.001) and explains 61.9% of the adjusted variation in employee performance. Work discipline is the strongest predictor based on the standardized coefficient. These findings emphasize the importance of competency development, consistent work discipline, and a safe and supportive work environment for improving public-service performance at a major land-transportation terminal.
The Effect of Operational Efficiency Ratio (BOPO) and Credit Loss Provision (CKPN) on Company Value at PT Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero) Tbk for the Period 2016–2025 Chelsea Tasya Shabila
Escalate : Economics and Business Journal Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Escalate : Economics and Business Journal
Publisher : Takaza Innovatix Labs Ltd.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61536/escalate.v4i4.793

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of the Operational Efficiency Ratio (BOPO) and Credit Loss Provision (CKPN) on Company Value measured using Price to Book Value (PBV) at PT Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero) Tbk for the period 2016–2025, both partially and simultaneously. The research method used is a quantitative approach with secondary data in the form of BNI's annual financial statements for ten years, which are analyzed using descriptive statistics, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, and hypothesis testing through t-tests and F-tests. The results of the study indicate that partially, BOPO does not have a significant effect on PBV (t count -0.623 < t table 2.365; sig. 0.553 > 0.05), as well as CKPN (t count -0.927 < t table 2.365; sig. 0.385 > 0.05). Simultaneously, BOPO and CKPN also did not have a significant effect on PBV (F count 0.964 < F table 4.74; sig. 0.427 > 0.05), which indicates that investors did not make these two ratios the main consideration in assessing the company in this research period.
The Effect Of Product Quality And Price On Purchase Decisions For Packaged Coffee In Surakarta City Aditya Dwi Rizka Ismaila
Escalate : Economics and Business Journal Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Escalate : Economics and Business Journal
Publisher : Takaza Innovatix Labs Ltd.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61536/escalate.v4i4.794

Abstract

Purpose: This study examines the relationships of product quality and price with purchase decisions for packaged coffee in Surakarta City. Design/methodology/approach: A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted with 100 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Eligible respondents were Surakarta residents aged at least 17 years who had purchased packaged coffee at least twice in the previous three months. Data were collected using a five-point Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25, including validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, t-tests, an F-test, and coefficient of determination analysis. Findings: Product quality was positively and significantly associated with purchase decisions (B = 0.187, t = 2.166, p = 0.033). Price also showed a positive and significant association (B = 0.604, t = 6.293, p < 0.001) and was the stronger predictor based on its standardized coefficient. This positive relationship reflects favorable perceptions of affordability, price competitiveness, and price-value suitability, rather than an increase in nominal price. The regression model was statistically significant (F = 60.044, p < 0.001), with R² = 0.553 and adjusted R² = 0.544. Practical implications: Producers should maintain consistent product quality while strengthening affordability, price competitiveness, and perceived value for money. Originality/value: By examining packaged coffee across brands rather than focusing on a single brand, this study provides category-level evidence on the relative associations of product quality and price with purchase decisions in Surakarta. Because the study uses cross-sectional survey data, the findings indicate statistical associations rather than definitive causal relationships.

Page 31 of 36 | Total Record : 358

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