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Muhammad Nizar
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Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Serambi Mekkah Jalan Unmuha, Batoh, Telp. (0651) 26160 dan (0651) 22471 Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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Serambi Engineering
Published by Universitas Serambi Mekkah Aceh
ISSN : 25283561     EISSN : 25411934     DOI : http://doi.org/10.32672/jse
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
The Serambi Engineering journal is published as a medium to distribute information on research results in engineering and science, both carried out by lecturers from the Serambi Mekkah University and other parties. Published research can be in the form of field research or laboratory research as well as a literature review. This journal is published four times yearly, namely January, April, July, and October. Editors accept manuscripts from lecturers, researchers, students, and practitioners that have never been published by any other media. Manuscripts submitted will be evaluated and edited for uniformity of format, terms, and other procedures. The topics that can be published but are not limited to are: Water & Waste Water Quality Solid Waste Management Air Pollution Control Environmental Health Environmental Modeling Environmental Management Water Resources Management Occupational Health & Safety Ecology Renewable Energy Circular Economics Sustainable Development Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Climate Change and Water Resources Adaptation Urban Planning Informatics Computer and Technology Industrial Engineering Other .
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Lingkungan (semua ketegori) - Teknik Lingkungan
Articles 964 Documents
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Pengolahan Limbah Industri Kerupuk Ketumbar Menggunakan Biofilter Aerobik Dewi, Tanti Utami; Ulvi Pri Astuti; Ahmad Erlan Afiuddin; Mirna Apriani; Danang Hadi; Ferisa Jenisa
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): Juli 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

The coriander cracker industries in Nganjuk City, commonly structured in Small Business scales are  still implying conventional equipment in its production. High daily production volumes are resulting the large amounts of liquid waste containing pollutants exceeding Indonesia’s Threshold Value specifically in Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) at 131.2 mg/L and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) at 203 mg/L. This condition causes serious environmental risks toward improper treatment. The biofilter system is one of wastewater treatment method with a simple and applicable way, applying a biological treatment approach utilizing microorganisms to reduce organic contaminants. This study aims to analyze the influence of media type on the removal efficiency of COD and TSS concentrations in coriander cracker industries’ wastewater using an aerobic biofilter system with the bioball and Kaldness K1 media. Performance testing of the aerobic biofilter demonstrated that the reactor with Kaldness K1 media achieved the highest removal efficiencies, eliminating 85.96% of COD and 95.01% of TSS by day 12. The study confirms that the Kaldnes K1 media's porous surface structure and high specific surface area enhance biofilm growth of microorganisms, thereby optimizing organic matter degradation processes.
Evaluation of the Triggering Activity of Community-Led Total Sanitation to Eradicate Open Defecation in Nagari Tiku Utara, Agam Regency Putri, Dewi Yusnisa
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): Juli 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

Open defecation (OD) is a form of poor sanitation. OD can affect environmental health and public health. Community-led Total Sanitation (CLTS) is an approach that can be used to change community behavior by fostering a sense of disgust and shame towards OD practices so that the community can stop OD practices. This study is a form of CLTS triggering activity to eradicate OD in Nagari Tiku Utara. Evaluation of CLTS triggering activities was carried out to obtain community feedback after receiving triggering activities. This study was divided into several stages in the form of literature studies, procurement of triggering activity related to the eradication of OD practices, implementation of evaluation of triggering activity for the eradication of OD practices that have been carried out, and data analysis. Evaluation of the triggering activity was carried out using interviews and filling out questionnaires. The number of respondent samples taken was as many as the number of residents who attended the triggering activity related to the practice of eradicating OD in Nagari Tiku Utara, namely a sample of 30 respondents. The results of this study showed that the four components assessed after the triggering activities, namely community knowledge, community behavior, safe latrines components, and latrines observations, actually achieved achievements ranging from very good to sufficient.
Analisis Aliran Material Limbah Domestik di Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Batubara Wicaksono, Aris Dwi; Bagastyo, Arseto Yekti
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): Juli 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

This study evaluates the zero waste strategy for managing domestic solid waste within the operational environment of a large-scale coal-fired power plant (CFPP) in East Java. The Material Flow Analysis (MFA) method, which uses STAN 2.7.101 software, was employed to map waste flows and evaluate the potential for recovery. Data were collected through field observations, representative sampling and laboratory analysis, including proximate and ultimate testing. The results show that organic waste, such as leaves, food scraps and fruit peels, accounted for over 85 per cent of total waste generation. With recovery factors (RF) exceeding 70 per cent, this supports composting and maggot-based biodegradation. In contrast, inorganic waste, such as plastics and used pipes, had lower RF values ranging from 15 to 45 per cent. MFA modelling estimated that 25–30% of the total waste would remain as residue to be sent to landfill. This study emphasises the importance of reducing and recovering waste upstream to minimise final disposal. The study's originality lies in its systemic focus on domestic waste within an energy industry infrastructure, using MFA and RF as a robust basis for adaptive, sustainable waste management strategies.
Ekstraksi Silika Berbahan Dasar Coal Fly Ash Menggunakan Natrium Hidroksida M.Bagas Ikmal R; Mohammad Daffa; Nurul Widji Triana
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): Juli 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

The presence of fly ash waste will have a negative impact on the environment so that it is necessary to handle it by utilizing fly ash waste. Silica purification by extracting silica from coal fly ash aims to minimize the levels of unnecessary metal oxides (impurities). This study aims to determine the characteristics of silica produced from fly ash waste, determine the best extraction conditions to produce silica and determine the effect of extraction pH on the silica produced. Silica extraction includes several processes including leaching, extraction, and precipitation. In this study, the manufacture of silica gel begins with washing fly ash with HCl. Silica is extracted using 3M NaOH with time variations of 100 minutes, 120 minutes and 140 minutes. Furthermore, the silica in the filtrate is precipitated with 1M HCl with a pH range of 3.4, and 5 and an aging process of 18 hours and dried using an oven and characterized with an XRF instrument. The results of this study indicate that the closer to neutral the addition of HCl pH used, namely 5, the higher the mass of silica from the extraction obtained up to a maximum at an extraction time of 120 minutes with a silica yield of 63.42%. Extraction with a time of 100 minutes and 140 minutes showed that the mass of silica from the extraction obtained was lower along with the increasing acidity of the addition of HCl. The results of the water content test obtained 1.53% and ash content of 9.345% of the silica produced met the requirements of the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) No. 06-2477-1991.
Pengaruh Dosis, pH, dan Waktu Pengendapan dalam Penyisihan TSS dan COD pada Air Limbah Kantin Menggunakan Biokoagulan Kulit Jeruk Marsanda Amelia Putri; Munawar Ali; Praditya Sigit Ardisty Sitogasa
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): Juli 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

Canteen wastewater is a type of domestic effluent generated from cooking and dishwashing activities, typically containing high levels of organic matter such as fats, oils, food residues, and key pollutants like Total Suspended Solids (TSS) also Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). This study evaluates the effectiveness of sweet orange peel (Citrus sinensis)-based bio-coagulant in removing TSS also COD from canteen wastewater. Orange peel was selected due to its bioactive compounds like a pectin, flavonoids, also organic acids, that contain hydroxyl and carboxyl functional groups vital for coagulation-flocculation processes. Treatment was conducted using the jar test method with variations in pH, dosage, and settling time. The results showed that the optimum condition was achieved at pH 3, a dosage of 2 g/L, also a settling time of 45 minutes, resulting in TSS removal efficiency of 30.48% and COD removal of 29.29%. These findings confirm the potential of orange peel as an eco-friendly natural coagulant for canteen wastewater treatment.
Pengelasan Sprocket dengan Alat Bantu untuk Meminimalisir Kelelahan dan Meningkatkan Produktifitas di PT IMC Dengan Pendekatan Ergonomi Ali Muthohar; Antoni Yohanes
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): Juli 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

This study aims to design an ergonomic workstation and implement a rotating jig aid in the sprocket welding process at PT.IMC. The main focus is to reduce worker fatigue, improve work efficiency, and ensure welding quality. The methodology includes risk analysis using Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), direct observation, worker interviews, biomechanical measurements, and ergonomic and productivity evaluations before and after the ergonomic aid implementation. The results indicate that the application of the rotating jig and procedural modifications significantly reduce fatigue risk by 45%, increase welding productivity by 66%, and decrease product defect rates by 100%. These findings highlight the importance of integrating ergonomic principles in manufacturing processes to enhance worker well-being and operational efficiency. Recommendations are provided for broader application in similar manufacturing industries to achieve sustainable improvements.
Efisiensi Pemanfaatan Limbah Domestik Industri Ransum Makanan Hewan Sebagai Penyiraman Ruang Terbuka Hijau Rintang Wanda Septiyana; Raden Kokoh Haryo Putro
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): Juli 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

The animal feed ration industry in South Kalimantan Province produces domestic liquid waste from supporting activities with quite high levels of pollutants. The waste is processed using a Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) and reused to reduce environmental impacts. This study aims to examine the efficiency of utilizing domestic waste as an alternative water source for watering Green Open Spaces (GOS) in industrial areas. The research method used is descriptive-quantitative based on secondary data. Based on the results of wastewater quality measurements at the WWTP outlet,it shows that domestic waste has met the quality standards according to the Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation P.68 of 2016 and PP No.22 of 2021 for watering purposes. The animal feed ration industry produces domestic waste of 15.5m³/day with a WWTP capacity of 20m³/day and a planned GOS area of ​​8,715.15m². There are two scenarios for wastewater utilization, namely in the dry season with an efficiency of 40.65% and the rainy season with an efficiency of 81.31% of the total industrial raw water needs. These results indicate that domestic waste in the animal feed ration industry has the potential to be an alternative water source that is environmentally friendly and supports sustainable water management.
Kinerja Papan Komposit Ramah Lingkungan Terhadap Api: Studi Literatur Rizky Dwiandra Putra; Dangan Waluyo; Timbul Siahaan; Nurul Ilmi; Alvin Muhammad Savero
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): Juli 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

Natural fiber-based composite boards have gained increasing attention as a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to conventional construction materials. While these materials offer notable mechanical performance and material efficiency, one of the primary challenges lies in improving their resistance to fire. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of existing literature on the fire performance of natural fiber composites, focusing on the role of fiber type, resin formulation, flame retardant additives, and production techniques. Based on a synthesis of ten experimental studies, it was found that composites combining kenaf fibers with phenolic resin and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) demonstrated the highest fire resistance—indicated by a Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) exceeding 30%, longer ignition times, and slower burn rates. Additionally, fabrication methods such as hot pressing and surface coating proved effective in enhancing thermal resistance. Despite their promise, the adoption of these composites in broader industrial applications is hindered by challenges including energy efficiency, additive costs, and long-term stability. This review suggests that future development should integrate innovative material science with sustainable manufacturing strategies to produce fire-safe, cost-effective, and environmentally responsible composite panels.
Optimalisasi Kapasitas Baterai 110 Volt DC di Gardu Induk 150 kV Dawuan : Studi Kualitatif Berdasarkan Pengujian Lapangan Oklim Pahotreski Sidabutar
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): Juli 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

The 110-Volt DC battery system plays a critical role in ensuring the reliability of protection and control systems at substations, including the 150 kV Dawuan Substation. However, in practice, suboptimal battery capacity is often encountered due to aging, excessive load, or insufficient routine maintenance. This study aims to analyze the actual performance of the installed battery bank, evaluate the efficiency of charging and discharging processes, and propose an optimization strategy to ensure the batteries operate at maximum effectiveness in accordance with operational standards. The methodology includes direct field measurements, historical data analysis, and simulation of DC load requirements under both normal and emergency conditions. The analysis results indicate significant capacity degradation from nominal values, which poses risks to the integrity of critical protection systems. By implementing cell rejuvenation techniques, load balancing, and reconfiguration of the charging system, battery capacity was successfully restored to approximately 95% of its ideal condition. This optimization is expected to extend battery service life and enhance the reliability of control systems at Dawuan Substation.
Marketing Strategy Determination Using Markov Chain and Game Theory: A Case Study of Ready-to-Drink Tea Products Herdiana, Mochamad Rafi; Dewi, Yulida Intani; Ikatrinasari, Zulfa Fitri; Amrina, Uly
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): Juli 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

Decrease in the number of demand in the market and the transfer of consumers from the Nuu Green Tea brand to the Pucuk Harum Tea brand or vice versa is a result that can occur from market share competition. The calculation results obtained after doing manual calculations using the Markov chain method are the probability of transferring the subscription from each product a few times ago, at this time, and the time to come. For the time to come alone based on the steady state obtained is in the 10th year period. With the probability value of the movement from the shoot tea to Nuu Green Tea is 0.413 for a period some time ago and at this time, for other products transfer can be seen in Figure IV.6. For the value of the steady state in the 10th iteration with the mastery of the shoots of the market share of 0.4158 or 41.58% and Nuu Green Tea controlled the market share of 0.5841 or 58.41%.  The calculation results that have been done manually and the use of application assistance can be concluded that the use of the maximin-minimax method produces an optimum solution, namely on X1 for row players (The Pucuk), and Y1 for column players (Nuu Green Tea). With a game value of 32. then the best marketing strategy used by Teh pucuk and Nuu Green Tea is the attribute 'flavor variant' by utilizing the flavor variant of the two can compete in the flavor variant.

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