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Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan
Published by BRIN Publishing
ISSN : 19799187     EISSN : 25282751     DOI : https://10.55981/bilp
Core Subject : Economy,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance
First published in 2007, the Scientific Bulletin of Trade Research (BILP) is a scientific journal issued by the Agency for Trade Policy and Development (BPPP), Ministry of Trade (Kemendag). However, since mid-2022, the management of BILP has been transferred to the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN). BILP is expected to serve as a medium for disseminating research and analysis results, as well as a reference for academics, practitioners, policymakers, and the general public. BILP publishes research and analysis results on the trade sector and/or related sectors, in both Indonesian and English. It is published twice a year in July and December, and is available both physically (as needed) and online through the open journal system (OJS
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Ekonomi, Ekonometrika dan Keuangan (semua kategori) - Ilmu Ekonomi, Ekonometrika dan Keuangan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 28 Documents
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ANALISIS REVEALED COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE DAN EXPORT PRODUCT DYNAMIC KOMODITAS LADA INDONESIA DAN VIETNAM Winih Budiarti; Defi Astuti Anggraeni
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol. 17 No. 1 (2023): BILP
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/bilp.2023.26

Abstract

Indonesia dan Vietnam merupakan negara produsen dan pengekspor lada terbesar di dunia. Sebagian besar negara tujuan ekspor lada Indonesia dan Vietnam juga sama sehingga menimbulkan persaingan diantara kedua negara. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan analisis perbandingan posisi dan daya saing dari kedua negara tersebut dalam perdagangan lada dunia. Selain itu, perlu dianalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja ekspor lada dari kedua negara tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Export Product Dynamic (EPD), uji beda rata-rata, dan analisis regresi data panel. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan volume ekspor lada Indonesia pada tahun 2001 sampai 2017 ke tujuh negara tujuan mengalami fluktuatif sedangkan Vietnam mengalami peningkatan. Hasil dari komparasi daya saing ekspor lada Indonesia dan Vietnam menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan daya saing komparatif di pasar Amerika Serikat, India, Korea, dan Prancis. Untuk hasil analisis data panel diperoleh PDB perkapita negara tujuan, jumlah penduduk negara tujuan, dan harga ekspor lada berpengaruh signifikan terhadap volume ekspor lada Indonesia. Sedangkan harga ekspor, dan nilai tukar Dong terhadap USD signifikan berpengaruh terhadap volume ekspor lada Vietnam.   
Perbandingan Daya Saing Crude Palm Oil Indonesia dengan Malaysia di Negara Tujuan Utama Ekspor: Comparison of the Competitiveness Crude Palm Oil of Indonesia with Malaysia in Main Export Destination Countries Asrilis Saban; Tanti Novianti
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol. 17 No. 2 (2023): BILP
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/bilp.2023.89

Abstract

This study aims to analyze and compare the competitiveness of Indonesian CPO with Malaysia in each of the main export destination countries. This study’s data type is monthly data for the export-import of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) with the code HS-151110. Competitiveness analysis between Indonesia-Malaysia CPO is calculated by RCA and MSI indicators. The development of Indonesia's CPO exports fluctuated from January 2020 to December 2021 with a negative development trend. During the period January 2020 to December 2021, Indonesian CPO has a comparative advantage in the Indian and Spanish markets, while Malaysian CPO has a comparative advantage in Italy and Kenya. Indonesian CPO has a larger market share in India and Spain and Malaysian CPO has a larger market share in Kenya, while in Italy the market share for Indonesian and Malaysian CPO is the same. Indonesia needs to increase CPO production and exports so that Indonesia’s CPO competitiveness and market share can be increased.
Menavigasi Daya Saing dan Determinan Ekspor Unggulan Indonesia di Kawasan Carribean Community (Caricom): Navigating Products Competitiveness and Determining Indonesia's Leading Exports in the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) Region Hotsawadi; Widyastutik
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol. 17 No. 2 (2023): BILP
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/bilp.2023.224

Abstract

CARICOM is an area that has trade potential to be explored by Indonesia. However, for Indonesia, this region has various challenges to explore considering that the countries that are members of it are non-traditional countries. For this reason, this study aims to analyze the competitiveness, competitor countries and determinants of exports of Indonesia's superior products to the CARICOM region. The analysis methods used are market share, RCA, EPD, X-Model and panel data regression. The results showed that ten commodities identified as Indonesia's leading products in the CARICOM region faced lost opportunity market positions on average and CARICOM countries were included in the category as potential market developments. The United States, European Union, Brazil, China, South Korea, Japan, Dominica Republic, Colombia and Trinidad and Tobago and Singapore were identified as Indonesia's competitors in CARICOM. In terms of export determinants, real GDP and investment positive and significant effect on the export of Indonesia's superior products to CARICOM. Meanwhile, inflation and the real exchange rate together have a significant and negative effect in contrast to the economic distance which has a negative but insignificant effect on the volume of Indonesia's exports to the CARICOM region.
Ekspor Teh Hitam Indonesia ke Jepang: Struktur Pasar dan Daya Saing: Indonesian Black Tea Export to Japan: Market Structure and Competitiveness Fikri Aldi Dwi Putro; Nia Kurniawati Hidayat
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol. 17 No. 2 (2023): BILP
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/bilp.2023.227

Abstract

Indonesian tea export to international market is dominated by black tea. Japan becomes the black tea export destination with big untapped export potential, but has volatile export value, thus hinders the optimization of black tea export potential to Japan. This study aims to analyze the market structure and competitiveness as well as determine the Indonesian black tea market expansion to Japan. This study employs Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), Concentration Ratio (CR4), Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA), Export Product Dynamic (EPD), and X-Model Potential Export Products. The results show that the packaged and bulk black tea market structure in Japan is oligopoly. Indonesian bulk black tea gains comparative advantage, whereas Indonesian packaged black tea lacks comparative advantage in Japan market. Besides that, Indonesian bulk black tea has stronger competitive advantage over Indonesian packaged black tea. Furthermore, Indonesian bulk black tea is able to become the focus of export expansion to Japan at the moment.
Perdagangan Intra Industri Kakao Indonesia dengan Negara Mitra: Intra Industry Trade of Indonesian Cocoa with Partner Countries Andi Tenri Darhyati; Tanti Novianti
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol. 17 No. 2 (2023): BILP
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/bilp.2023.793

Abstract

Intra-industry trade (IIT) is trade in the same product between one country and another. Cocoa is an Indonesian agricultural commodity that tends to carry out intra-industry trade. This research aims to analyze intra-industry trade relations between Indonesian Cocoa and trading partner countries and the factors that influence intra-industry trade in Indonesian Cocoa. This research uses panel data from a period from 2016-2021. The best model chosen was the Random Effect Model (REM). The analysis method used is the Intra Industry Trade Index and Gravity Model. The results of the analysis show that the country that has strong integration in intra-industry trade in cocoa is Indonesia and Malaysia. IIT in Indonesian cocoa with partner countries is still predominantly weakly integrated. The factors that influence intra-Indonesian cocoa industry trade are the average of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita between countries, differences in GDP between countries, differences in GDP per capita between countries, and foreign direct investment (FDI). The government needs to maintain IIT with Malaysia, which has strong integration and has the potential to increase FDI. Meanwhile, increasing intra-industry trade can be done by considering increased exports and transfer of technology and knowledge.
Measuring Indonesian Cocoa Agroindustry Competitiveness from a Global Value Chain Perspective: Pengukuran Daya Saing Agroindustri Kakao Indonesia dari Perspektif Rantai Nilai Global Dianawati; Nastiti S.I.; Andes Ismayana; Taufik Djatna; Indah Yuliasih
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol. 17 No. 2 (2023): BILP
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/bilp.2023.978

Abstract

Indonesian cocoa products in international trade face challenges in quality, food safety, and environmental requirements. Developing the cocoa agro-industry is essential to meet those global demands. The research aims to analyze the competitiveness of business in Indonesian cocoa products using the Global Value Chain (GVC), Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), and Trade Specialization Index (TSI) methodology. Research data uses the time series of Indonesian cocoa product export trade from 2001-2020. From a GVC perspective, the diversity of cocoa product exporters and the same competition drive a significant increase in competitiveness. Market access opportunities and regulatory support will encourage domestic industrial growth by utilizing efficient supply chains and making Indonesia part of the global production network. Cocoa products require economic value, from dry beans to ready-to-consume products. They are improving farmer’s bargaining position towards agro-industry institutions and better stakeholder coordination. The results of RCA show the comparative advantage of Indonesia cocoa exporters for HS code products 1801, 1802, 1803, 1804, and 1805 in the international market. The stages of identification of Indonesian cocoa products are the maturity stage for cocoa beans, the commercial maturity stage for cocoa paste and butter products, and the growth stage for cocoa product powder.
Determinan Nilai Ekspor Jasa Transportasi di Negara-Negara ASEAN Subriandi, Askar; Oktora, Siskarossa Ika
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol. 18 No. 1 (2024): BILP
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/bilp.2024.28

Abstract

Transportation services are the most significant contributor to the deficit in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) services trade. From 2016 to 2019, eight out of ten countries in the ASEAN still experienced a trade deficit in transportation services. So that this condition does not drag on in a continuous deficit, one of the policies that each country can carry out is to increase the export performance of transportation services. This study aims to determine the factors that affect the export of transportation services in ASEAN. The secondary data used is trade flow data from 2012 to 2019 from the ASEAN Secretariat and World Bank. The method used is panel data regression with the Random Effect Model (REM). The result found that foreign direct investment, exports of goods, and value-added services significantly affect exports of transportation services in ASEAN. Meanwhile, internet users and exchange rates do not substantially affect exports of transportation services in ASEAN. The results of this study recommend continuing to improve the climate for ease of investment. In addition, it is essential to utilize resources that can increase the production of transportation services and maintain the availability of raw materials and capital goods.
Assessing the Impact of the AKFTA on Indonesia-South Korea Trade Flows: A Panel Data Analysis Fitrianto, Achmad Room; Ramadhani, Rina
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol. 18 No. 1 (2024): BILP
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/bilp.2024.1057

Abstract

This study examines the impact of the ASEAN-Korea Free Trade Area (AKFTA) on trade flows between Indonesia and South Korea. This cooperation will impact trade diversion or even trade creation between Indonesia and countries in ASEAN-Korea. This study uses panel data regression analysis and secondary data sources on trade and other macroeconomics from various trusted institutions, such as United Nations, World Bank, etc., as well as the results of scientific research. The research results show that the implementation of AKFTA causes trade diversion on the export side and trade creation on the import side. The findings of this study also highlight that the implementation of AKFTA has an impact on the tendency to increase the value of Indonesian imports from both AKFTA members and non-members. However, the aggregate effect of AKFTA on trade creation is still more significant than trade diversion. Therefore, to overcome the trade diversion resulting from AKFTA, the government can make various efforts by negotiating with trading partner countries to obtain tariff reductions and open market access to new products.
Pengaruh Produksi Kelapa Sawit, Harga Minyak Kelapa Sawit Dunia, dan Emisi Karbon terhadap Volume Ekspor Minyak Kelapa Sawit Indonesia Erwinsyah
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol. 18 No. 1 (2024): BILP
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/bilp.2024.3082

Abstract

Indonesia is the largest producer and exporter of palm oil in the world. Unfortunately, Indonesian palm oil exports are influenced by various factors, including environmental issues, which ultimately disrupt export benefits. This research aims to analyze the influence of production, world prices, and carbon emissions on the volume of Indonesian palm oil exports. The analytical method used is Two Stage Least Square (2SLS) with simultaneous supply and demand equations for Indonesian palm oil export volumes from 1991-2021. The research results show that the increase in palm oil plantation areas in Indonesia has positively contributed to the increase in world palm oil prices as demand also increases. Furthermore, the increase in world palm oil prices has encouraged Indonesia's exports to world markets. The increase in Indonesian palm oil production has encouraged an increased volume of exports to the world market. However, market appreciation for environmentally friendly palm oil has not contributed positively to the price and increase in palm oil export volume.
Analysis of Determinants: Indonesian Case Sari, Vita Kartika
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol. 18 No. 1 (2024): BILP
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/bilp.2024.3515

Abstract

Exports directly impact national income, which will also have implications for increasing levels of productivity, innovation, and technology transfer. The urgency of exports from an open economic perspective is to increase the capacity for economic growth. Unfortunately, various factors often hinder export performance, disrupting the potential benefits. The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of macroeconomic variables, namely the exchange rate, foreign direct investment (FDI), Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, and inflation on Indonesian exports in the period 1970-2022. This research uses time series data with the Autoregressive Distributed Lag-Error Correction Model (ARDL-ECM) method. The findings of the analysis show that the exchange rate, FDI, GDP per capita, and inflation have a positive and significant effect on exports in the long term. Therefore, if the Indonesian government wants to maintain its trade balance, it is recommended to keep a floating and controlled exchange rate policy and coordinate pro-export-oriented investment policies.

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