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Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan
Published by BRIN Publishing
ISSN : 19799187     EISSN : 25282751     DOI : https://10.55981/bilp
Core Subject : Economy,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance
First published in 2007, the Scientific Bulletin of Trade Research (BILP) is a scientific journal issued by the Agency for Trade Policy and Development (BPPP), Ministry of Trade (Kemendag). However, since mid-2022, the management of BILP has been transferred to the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN). BILP is expected to serve as a medium for disseminating research and analysis results, as well as a reference for academics, practitioners, policymakers, and the general public. BILP publishes research and analysis results on the trade sector and/or related sectors, in both Indonesian and English. It is published twice a year in July and December, and is available both physically (as needed) and online through the open journal system (OJS
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Ekonomi, Ekonometrika dan Keuangan (semua kategori) - Ilmu Ekonomi, Ekonometrika dan Keuangan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 28 Documents
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Kinerja Ekspor Produk Teh Indonesia di Pasar Internasional: Asesmen Perjanjian Perdagangan Indonesia Putro, Fikri Aldi Dwi; Widyastutik; Hidayat, Nia Kurniawati
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol. 18 No. 1 (2024): BILP
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/bilp.2024.3632

Abstract

The decline in Indonesian tea products export performance does not correspond to the Government initiatives to reduce barriers through trade agreements. This research aims to analyse the export performance and the role of trade agreements towards Indonesian tea products export. This study employs panel data regression with a 15-year time series (2007-2021) and a cross-section of 40 destination countries. The data are analysed using a modified export approach gravity model with Poisson Pseudo-Maximum Likelihood (PPML) estimation. The research results show that the Indonesian tea products export destinations are dominated by Asia (19 countries) and Europe (12 countries). The regression results suggest that the implementation of trade agreements with Asian and European region countries has not effectively increased Indonesian tea products export. On the other hand, the implementation of trade agreements with other region countries, i.e., Australia and New Zealand, has successfully promoted export towards Indonesian tea products. Those can be attributed to trade agreements underutilization and trade barriers imposed by the trade agreement members. Hence, inward and outward-looking strategies are necessary to promote the export creation effect of implemented trade agreements towards Indonesian tea product exports.
Apakah Global Value Chain (GVC) Memengaruhi Permintaan Tenaga Kerja? Studi Empiris dari Industri Manufaktur Indonesia Tahun 2010–2015 Ramana, Febria; Damayanti, Arie
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol. 18 No. 2 (2024): BILP
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/bilp.2024.792

Abstract

Participation in the Global Value Chain (GVC) encourages domestic industry development and increases productivity, expanding labour demand. However, theoretically, a firm’s participation in GVC can increase the labour demand through the scale effect and reduce the labour demand due to the substitution effect. This issue is relevant in Indonesia because the extent of GVC participation among firms in the manufacturing sector is still low. This study examines the correlation of GVC participation in the manufacturing subsector to labour demand. This study uses Asian Development Bank (ADB) calculations that divide manufacturing subsector GVC participation into three types, namely Pure Forward Participation (PFP), Two-Sided Participation (TSP), and Pure Backward Participation (PBP). The data used is panel data from 2010-2015, the Large and Medium Industry Survey conducted by Statistics Indonesia (BPS) and analysed using a linear dynamic model. The analysis found that in the short term, (i) PFP is positively correlated, (ii) TSP tends to be negatively correlated but not significant, and (iii) PBP is positively correlated but not significant. All three types of participation significantly affect labour demand in the long run. Therefore, manufacturing industry linkages in PFP and PBP must be improved to increase labour absorption in the manufacturing sector.
Persepsi Konsumen terhadap Merek Minyak Goreng Sawit Kemasan di Indonesia Putra, Romeyn Perdana; Purbawa, Yudha; Bakti, I Gede Mahatma Yuda; Astrini, Nidya J.; Purba, Helena Juliani; Sumaedi, Sik; Fahmi, Diah Arina
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol. 18 No. 2 (2024): BILP
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/bilp.2024.2584

Abstract

Palm cooking oil (MGS) is an essential and vital staple affecting consumers' daily spending. The COVID-19 pandemic triggered a shortage of cooking oil in the Indonesian market around December 2021 until mid-2022. It can affect consumers' perceptions when purchasing MGS brands. This study aims to analyze consumer preferences for MGS brands in Indonesia. Specifically, it examines brand awareness, top-of-mind brands, most purchased brands, brand selection considerations, brand loyalty, and brand switching to other MGS brands. This study focuses solely on packaged MGS brands. The study used a survey method through an online questionnaire. Of the 707 respondents who completed the questionnaire, only 537 met the sample criteria for further analysis. The results showed that consumers perceive Bimoli as the leading MGS brand regarding brand awareness, top of mind, and top purchase. Other MGS brands frequently appearing in the top group include Sania, Sunco, Filma, and Tropical. The study also found that there are two primary considerations for consumers when choosing an MGS brand: (1) product factors (quality, health, clarity) and (2) sacrifice factors (price and accessibility). Furthermore, the study revealed that most MGS consumers are less loyal to a specific brand and are willing to switch to other brands.
Bentuk Profil Subsektor Teh Indonesia dan Lanskap Persaingan Produksi dan Perdagangan Teh Dunia pada Masa Datang Ibnu, Muhammad
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol. 18 No. 2 (2024): BILP
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/bilp.2024.3621

Abstract

Identifying the Indonesian tea commodity subsector profile can help us better understand various challenges and problems related to production and trade. The research aims to (a) identify the profile of the Indonesian tea commodity subsector, (b) analyze the forces that influence the tea subsector profile, and (c) predict the competitive landscape of tea production and trade in the future. The research used qualitative (literature review) and quantitative methods through time series analysis with FAOSTAT data from 1961 to 2022. The results showed that the tea commodity subsector profile combines a pyramid and a diamond. The forces that influence the shape of the tea subsector are production and market characteristics, enabling environment, and sources of livelihood. These forces do not work separately but interact with each other. The world tea production surplus is predicted to increase, implying that prices will decrease. In addition, Indonesian tea in the world market faces the risk of increasingly tight competition with lower price levels. To improve the sustainability of Indonesian production and trade, a combination of various policy instruments or programs, such as public and private investment policies in education, infrastructure development, and work facilities, and to increase the participation of all stakeholders, is needed.
Investigasi Ekspor Pakaian Jadi Indonesia: Daya Saing, Determinan, dan Barier Fadhilah, Muhammad Arief; Widyastutik; Hermawan, Iwan
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol. 18 No. 2 (2024): BILP
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/bilp.2024.5542

Abstract

Indonesia's apparel exports are essential for national economic growth. However, compared to the two main exporting countries, China and Vietnam, Indonesia's apparel exports volume is still considered underwhelming. It is because of a high dependence on imported raw materials and trade barriers imposed by partner countries. This research aims to analyze the performance, determinants, and to estimate nontariff measures (NTMs) to Indonesian apparel exports in 11 major export destinations with an analysis period of 2003-2022. The methods used in this research include descriptive analysis, panel data regression with a gravity model, and estimation of equivalent tariffs. The results of the panel data regression show that the importing country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, economic distance, tariffs, exporting country's real exchange rate, and export prices significantly affect the volume of apparel exports from the exporting country. Meanwhile, the analysis of dummy variables indicates differences before and after the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) and the Covid-19 pandemic. This study also found that export destination countries impose non-tariff barriers on the volume of Indonesian apparel, as indicated by high equivalent tariff values in some countries.
SWOT Analysis of Indonesia's Trade in Services in Facing The ASEAN Trade in Services Agreement (ATISA) Sambuaga, Jerry; Ningsih, Endah Ayu
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol. 18 No. 2 (2024): BILP
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/bilp.2024.7084

Abstract

The liberalization of services within the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) has been a key focus since the ASEAN Framework Agreement on Services (AFAS) was signed in 1995. This effort reached a new milestone by introducing the ASEAN Trade in Services Agreement (ATiSA) in 2019, which seeks to enhance further the integration and liberalization of the services sector across ASEAN member states (AMS). ATiSA aims to create a stable and predictable environment for service trade by reducing discriminatory regulatory barriers and increasing transparency. This study explores the best strategy for Indonesia to leverage the benefits of ATiSA by conducting a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis. The distributed questionnaires are filled out by 43 individual respondents from 19 government institutions representing nine ministry or national agencies, seven private sectors, and two academic institutions. The SWOT results show that Indonesia can take the Strengths-Opportunity strategy to benefit from ATiSA implementation. To maximize the strength, moderate support is still needed to regulate and develop certified workers. Meanwhile, opportunities to win the ASEAN market include considerable market potential, investment opportunities, enhanced international trade, and positive consumer perception of Indonesian services driven by quality, technology, and digital marketing strategies.
Global Dominance in Crude Palm Oil (CPO): Strategic Factors Shaping Indonesia's Competitive Edge-A Panel Data Approach Pratama, Kenny Pradipta Montoya Putra; Sukmawati, Cindy Putri; Abidin, Ali Zainal
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol. 18 No. 2 (2024): BILP
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/bilp.2024.7205

Abstract

As a dominant player in the global Crude Palm Oil (CPO) industry, Indonesia requires strategies to sustain its competitive advantage. This research aims to analyze the strategic factors influencing the competitiveness of Indonesia's CPO in the international market, using the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) method and panel data regression analysis through the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) approach. The findings indicate that Indonesia's comparative advantage in CPO is significantly influenced by global economic dynamics, importers' policies, increasingly stringent environmental regulations, and intensifying global competition. Additionally, the regression results reveal that economic growth, exchange rates, the population of importing countries, and global CPO prices positively impact the competitiveness of Indonesia's CPO in the international markets. In contrast, inflation in importing countries has a negative effect. Therefore, the government must formulate adaptive policies to address global challenges, capitalize on international opportunities through economic diplomacy, maintain macroeconomic stability, improve CPO production quality, and strengthen competitiveness through technological innovation and supply chain efficiency. These steps are crucial to maintaining Indonesia's dominance in the global CPO industry while promoting sustainable economic growth.
Perdagangan Intra Industri Kakao Indonesia dengan Negara Mitra: Intra Industry Trade of Indonesian Cocoa with Partner Countries Andi Tenri Darhyati; Novianti, Tanti
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol. 17 No. 2 (2023): BILP
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/bilp.2023.793

Abstract

Intra-industry trade (IIT) is trade in the same product between one country and another. Cocoa is an Indonesian agricultural commodity that tends to carry out intra-industry trade. This research aims to analyze intra-industry trade relations between Indonesian Cocoa and trading partner countries and the factors that influence intra-industry trade in Indonesian Cocoa. This research uses panel data from a period from 2016-2021. The best model chosen was the Random Effect Model (REM). The analysis method used is the Intra Industry Trade Index and Gravity Model. The results of the analysis show that the country that has strong integration in intra-industry trade in cocoa is Indonesia and Malaysia. IIT in Indonesian cocoa with partner countries is still predominantly weakly integrated. The factors that influence intra-Indonesian cocoa industry trade are the average of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita between countries, differences in GDP between countries, differences in GDP per capita between countries, and foreign direct investment (FDI). The government needs to maintain IIT with Malaysia, which has strong integration and has the potential to increase FDI. Meanwhile, increasing intra-industry trade can be done by considering increased exports and transfer of technology and knowledge.

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