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Ilham Nur Hanifan Maulana
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Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Social and Political Science University of Merdeka Malang Mailing Address: Address: Jl. Terusan Raya Dieng No. 62-64, Malang, Indonesia, 65146.
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Journal of Transformative Governance and Social Justice
Published by Universitas Merdeka Malang
ISSN : 3024904X     EISSN : 29856272     DOI : https://doi.org/10.26905/j-tragos
Core Subject : Social,
Social Sciences
J-TRAGOS: Journal of Transformative Governance and Social Justice is a scientific and academic journal that contains original research articles, literature reviews, and commentary related to the social studies field. It contains major global, national, regional, and local issues. The scope of Transformative governance is related to public policy discourse and analysis, public administration discourse, dynamics of regional and local government, leadership and bureaucracy, digital governance, global political studies, big data analysis, social media analysis, government innovation, agile government, and conflict management. The Scope of Social Justice is related to social welfare, social policy, public health policy, education policy, social inclusion, human development, civil society movement, citizenship, politics, polarization, digital society, and disruption.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Administrasi Publik
Articles 44 Documents
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Virtual Currency Policy as Alternative Remittance Instrument: A Comparative Study of Indonesia and Philippines Muhammad Rois Maulana; Reza Triarda
Journal of Transformative Governance and Social Justice Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): January, 2026
Publisher : University of Merdeka Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26905/j-tragos.v4i1.16559

Abstract

In the contemporary digital economy, migrant remittances serve as a crucial economic stabilizer for Indonesia and the Philippines. However, conventional financial channels remain burdened by high transfer costs and procedural inefficiencies. Blockchain-based Virtual Currency (VC) introduces a potential solution through enhanced transaction speed, transparency, and affordability. Both states demonstrate distinctly different regulatory orientations toward VC utilization in remittances. This study employs a qualitative Most Similar Systems Design (MSSD) to compare policymaking in Indonesia and the Philippines by focusing on “Political Remittance”. Data derive from regulatory documents and academic sources. The Philippines demonstrates a progressive regulatory stance, informed by the institutionalized “Bagong Bayani” discourse and the significant macroeconomic weight of remittances. These conditions enhance diaspora political leverage, enabling coordinated advocacy and facilitating regulatory innovation alongside strong private-sector participation. In contrast, Indonesia’s lower remittance dependency sustains a protection-oriented regulatory paradigm grounded in the “Pahlawan Devisa” narrative, wherein financial experimentation is subordinated to risk mitigation. The relatively weak organizational infrastructure of Indonesian migrant advocacy further constrains policy reform. VC legalization emerges as a politically contingent process shaped by diaspora influence. The Philippines’ empowered transnational networks drive regulatory adaptation, while Indonesia’s limited migrant political agency reinforces conservatism in financial innovation.
Analysis of Flood Disaster Management in Regional Medium-Term Development Plans: A Dynamic Governance Perspective Reni Agustina Miftakul Janah; Septi Wulandari; Musta'ana
Journal of Transformative Governance and Social Justice Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): January, 2026
Publisher : University of Merdeka Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26905/j-tragos.v4i1.16573

Abstract

Flooding is a recurring disaster in Bojonegoro Regency, resulting in significant losses for the community and driving home the importance of adaptive and sustainable mitigation policies. This research aims to analyze the implementation of flood disaster management as outlined in the Bojonegoro Regency Regional Medium-Term Development Plan 2025-2029, using the perspective of dynamic governance, which focuses on organizational culture, government capabilities, and the capacity for policy change. The research employs a qualitative method with a case study design, involving an analysis of the Regional Medium-Term Development Plan document and in-depth interviews with relevant regional officials. The findings indicate that while the RPJMD includes comprehensive directions for flood mitigation, its implementation remains suboptimal in the aspects of Able People and Agile Process, primarily due to limitations in technical capacity and cross-sectoral coordination. Nevertheless, the dimensions of Thinking Ahead, Thinking Again, and Thinking Across are beginning to develop through the utilization of risk data, annual evaluations, and inter-agency cooperation. This research concludes that while the foundations of dynamic governance have been established, there is still a need to strengthen human resources, integrate information systems, and ensure consistency in the implementation of flood control programs.
Governance and Resource Policy Implications for Clinical Educator Doctors in Islamic Universities Istiningsih; Hanif Faturrachim; Muhammad Lutfi Hamid; Ali Sodiq
Journal of Transformative Governance and Social Justice Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): January, 2026
Publisher : University of Merdeka Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26905/j-tragos.v4i1.16650

Abstract

Clinical doctors in teaching hospitals are increasingly required to perform dual roles as healthcare providers and medical educators. In State Islamic Higher Education Institutions (PTKIN), this duality is institutionally expected but administratively constrained by civil service regulations that enforce a single functional career pathway. This condition raises governance challenges related to career recognition, performance appraisal, and sustainability of clinical educator development. This study aims to examine the regulatory misalignment between the functional career pathways of clinical doctors and academic faculty and to analyze its implications for the governance of clinical educator career development within PTKIN. The study employed a qualitative normative–empirical design. Data were collected through a systematic review of regulations governing functional positions, teaching hospitals, and higher education governance, as well as document analysis of minutes from a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) between UIN Sunan Kalijaga and the National Civil Service Agency (BKN). Data were analyzed using content analysis, comparative policy analysis, and SWOT analysis to identify structural patterns and governance gaps. The findings reveal a structural misalignment between the dual role demands of doctors as clinicians and educators and the civil service principle of a single functional position. This misalignment results in limited recognition of academic contributions, uncertainty in career pathway transitions, and potential stagnation of academic career development for clinical educator doctors within PTKIN. This study highlights the need for integrative governance in managing hybrid academic–clinical careers and contributes to the literature on career governance by conceptualizing the tension between professional roles and bureaucratic regulation in public higher education institutions. It proposes an Integrative Governance Model emphasizing cross-sectoral regulatory harmonization, recognition of clinical educational activities, and alignment of performance appraisal systems to support sustainable career development in PTKIN. By conceptualizing clinical educator doctors as hybrid professionals, this study reframes career misalignment as a governance challenge and offers transferable insights for managing professional careers across clinical and academic domains in multi-sectoral public institutions
Coalitions for Children: A Comparative Analysis of Child Protection Policies in Indonesia and the United States Haniyah Shofiyatul Aini; Antun Mardyanta; Bintoro Wardiyanto
Journal of Transformative Governance and Social Justice Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): January, 2026
Publisher : University of Merdeka Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26905/j-tragos.v4i1.16722

Abstract

This study compares the role of advocacy coalitions in forming child protection policies in the United States and Indonesia, looking at the problems that arise from their different political and governance systems. The Family First Prevention Services Act (FFPSA) in the United States aims to reduce the number of children in foster care by encouraging family-centred interventions. However, its implementation has been uneven across states due to political opposition, a lack of resources, and the fact that the federal system is not highly centralized. Consequently, marginalized communities, especially in rural regions, encounter limited access to child protection services. In Indonesia, Child Protection Law No. 35 of 2014 faces analogous challenges in rural areas, where local governments lack the necessary resources, political commitment, and coordination with national entities to effectively implement child protection legislation. This study suggests that policies work better in cities than in rural areas. For example, Jakarta benefits from better policy implementation and resource allocation. The findings show how important it is to improve inter-agency collaboration, strengthen local governance, and get more political support to fix the problems with child protection services. To make sure that all children are equally protected, both countries need to focus on implementing policies at the local level, especially for vulnerable children in areas that don't get enough services.
Global Currents of Public Management Reform: OECD Trends and Their Adaptation in Indonesian Governance Arif Setia Budi; Chandra Dinata; I Made Arie Widyasthana Wartana Putra; Renia F. De La Peña
Journal of Transformative Governance and Social Justice Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): January, 2026
Publisher : University of Merdeka Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26905/j-tragos.v4i1.16731

Abstract

Public management reform has developed as a global trend since the 1980s, in line with the increasing complexity of public issues and demands for more effective and accountable governance. Member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) play a crucial role in shaping and disseminating the public management reform paradigm through the development of modern governance standards and practices. This article aims to analyze the development of contemporary public management theory and examine how OECD reform trends are adapted to the context of Indonesian governance. This research uses a qualitative approach with a systematic literature review design. The literature search was conducted through Scopus-indexed international journals from 2021–2025 using the keywords public management and OECD. Selected articles were analyzed thematically to identify patterns of theory development, the role of the OECD as a global normative actor, and the dynamics of reform adaptation at the national level. The study results indicate that public management reform within the OECD has shifted from the New Public Management approach to a post-New Public Management framework that emphasizes cross-institutional coordination, institutional capacity, and policy integration. In the Indonesian context, these principles have been selectively adopted through bureaucratic reform, performance-based management, regulatory reform, and digital government. However, their implementation faces structural challenges, resulting in a hybrid governance pattern. These findings confirm that OECD-based reforms require contextual adjustments to sustainably strengthen the quality of public governance.
The Impact of Allowances and Infrastructure on Disaster Management Agency Performance in Bontang Sunaryo Sunaryo; Daryono Daryono; Kus Indarto
Journal of Transformative Governance and Social Justice Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): January, 2026
Publisher : University of Merdeka Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26905/j-tragos.v4i1.16707

Abstract

This study seeks to ascertain how the performance of the Bontang City Regional Disaster Management Agency is impacted by the provision of allowances and the fulfillment of facilities and infrastructure. Data collection strategies used by the researchers included direct observation, questionnaires or surveys, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The study's findings suggest that giving allowances and meeting infrastructure and facilities needs have an impact on employee performance and have a simultaneously positive and significant impact on employee performance. The more the allowances are received and the facilities and infrastructure are fulfilled, the more motivated the workers at BPBD Bontang are, which leads to higher performance levels. To improve the performance of BPBD Bontang employees, allowances should be added so that employees feel secure and more enthusiastic about their work. Adequate facilities and infrastructure should also be provided to facilitate employee performance, thereby improving the performance of BPBD Bontang employees. To add employee allowances, it is necessary to analyse the workload and propose an increase in allowances, as well as provide clear reasons for proposing the increase in allowances.  
The Institutional Governance of Plantation Supply Chains under Ngawi's Downstreaming Policy Ratu Zahra; Ahmad Zaki Fadlur Rohman
Journal of Transformative Governance and Social Justice Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): July, 2026
Publisher : University of Merdeka Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26905/j-tragos.v4i2.17413

Abstract

Ngawi Regency embodies a paradox of primary-sector abundance: on the slopes of Mount Lawu, output of coffee, cocoa, and clove keeps climbing, yet manufacturing contributes only 10.12% of Gross Regional Domestic Product while most of the harvest leaves the district in raw form. This study explains why an abundant upstream supply fails to spark local processing, and identifies the institutional reconfiguration needed for value added to be captured locally. Working within a qualitative, descriptive embedded case study, we read the supply chains through Elinor Ostrom's Institutional Analysis and Development framework, triangulating a documentary analysis of the Thematic Bureaucratic Reform Action Plan on Downstreaming and sectoral statistics against in-depth interviews with key informants. Value-added leakage is not a natural market anomaly; it is what dysfunctional rules-in-use produce. Weak boundary and aggregation rules keep collective economic institutions from forming; information rules are choked by the lack of an integrated upstream–downstream database; and payoff rules stay lopsided because long-term supply contracts are absent. The going practice individual, standing-crop sales, the tebasan system settles into a suboptimal equilibrium that pins farmers to a weak bargaining position. Downstreaming can succeed only through a simultaneous reconfiguration of the rules-in-use spatial clustering, stronger village-level aggregator institutions, an integrated value-chain information system, and aligned cross-agency performance indicators making it, in essence, a task of institutional engineering rather than one of mere equipment provision.  
Moral Legitimacy of Indonesia's Free Nutritious Meal Program through Pluralistic Ethical Perspectives Alie Zainal Abidin; Indra Lukmana Putra; Mochamad Valri Veriandy
Journal of Transformative Governance and Social Justice Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): July, 2026
Publisher : University of Merdeka Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26905/j-tragos.v4i2.17034

Abstract

The Food for Health Program (MBG) is an Indonesian government strategic program that focuses on improving public health through the promotion of nutritional practices to boost human quality. The program raises the important question of morality, in terms of issues such as moral rights, the distribution of benefits, policy priorities, and the use of the public’s wealth. Evaluating the MBG program in this new light calls for a different kind of approach, based on a review of the basic moral grounds for the use of state power. This study uses three main ethical points of reference deontology, natural law, and the utilitarian point of reference to assess the MBG program’s foundation. The purposes of this study are to evaluate the moral legitimacy of the MBG program by using a comparative analysis of deontological, teleological, and utilitarian perspectives. To be specific, this study reviews how the three philosophical approaches interpret the state’s moral obligations, long-term development goals, and commitment to public welfare in terms of evaluating the programs’ fairness and legitimacy. This study adopts a normative-analytical method based on philosophical analysis. We critically reviewed policy documents, ethical principles, and relevant literature to identify the normative foundations of the MBG program. Several strands of thinking in public policy have different and yet also similar ways of looking at the MBG program. Looking at it from a view of what is good, the program is based on the idea that the government has a right to protect the basic rights of people, as well as the rights to food and nutrition, no matter what happens as a result of the policy. utilitarianism evaluates the program as a result of its success in creating the greatest good for the greatest number, while also bringing to light other problems such as low costs and costs of doing nothing that might lower the social benefits overall. The other view, called teleology, looks at the program based on its impact on things like overall human progress, making sure everyone gets a fair deal, and making sure people are doing well. Taken together, this suggests that while each of these three ethical points of view is useful in its own right, they are in fact best viewed as working together to help us understand the moral basis for the MBG program’s claim to morality. This study makes a positive impact on the study of public policy by proposing a model for evaluating the MBG program that includes moral commitments, policy impacts, and goals for growth in the future. The MBG program's valid moral standing not only comes from protecting public rights but also from fair implementation, making good use of money, and making sure the public is doing well over the years. This analysis will serve as a useful point of reference for governments in their efforts to make sure their policies are fair and right.
Mapping Rural Development Research in Indonesia: A Scopus Based Bibliometric Analysis (2014–2024) Iqbal Saputra Zana; Gusti Naufal Rizky Perdana; Lara Ayu Lestari; Bulan Erika Bato; Dyah Rahayuning Perwitasari; Nayla Amalia Pangestu
Journal of Transformative Governance and Social Justice Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): July, 2026
Publisher : University of Merdeka Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26905/j-tragos.v4i2.17124

Abstract

Rural development in Indonesia plays a crucial role in improving community welfare and reducing disparities between urban and rural areas. However, the growing body of research in this field has not been systematically mapped to understand its trends and conceptual structure. This creates a gap in identifying key themes, contributors, and the direction of future studies. This study aims to analyse research trends and identify the conceptual structure of rural development studies in Indonesia using a bibliometric approach to better understand how the field has evolved. The study employs a bibliometric analysis based on data collected from the Scopus database, covering publications from 2014 to 2024. The analysis includes co-authorship, keyword co-occurrence, and country contribution to examine research patterns, collaborations, and thematic relationships. The findings show a significant increase in publications over the past decade, with research activities dominated by major universities and national institutions. Leading authors consistently contribute to the field, indicating a concentration of research capacity. Key themes include sustainable development, community empowerment, participation, and rural welfare. Keyword mapping reveals strong interconnections between environmental, social, and governance dimensions, reflecting a shift toward integrative and multidisciplinary approaches. Rural development research in Indonesia is becoming more policy-oriented and holistic. This study provides a comprehensive overview of research trends and offers insights for developing more inclusive, participatory, and sustainable rural development policies.
Implementing Samarinda City Spatial Planning Policy Toward a Civilized and Sustainable City Ema Karisma Wati; Enos Paselle; Saipul
Journal of Transformative Governance and Social Justice Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): July, 2026
Publisher : University of Merdeka Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26905/j-tragos.v4i2.17276

Abstract

Spatial planning is crucial for sustainable development in rapidly growing cities. However, in Samarinda City, widespread land-use violations and weak control over spatial utilization threaten the effectiveness of spatial planning policies in achieving the city's long-term goals. To unravel this complexity, this study contributes a novel theoretical integration—combining the frameworks of Van Meter and Van Horn with those of Mazmanian and Sabatier—to analyze the Spatial Planning (RTRW) policy in the context of realizing a civilized and sustainable city. The RTRW policy, often fraught with political interests and characterized by rigidity, requires a collaborative theoretical approach to bridge gaps and resolve communication issues regarding strategies, policy characteristics, and the roles of multiple stakeholders. Consequently, this framework serves as an integrated analytical tool to assess the extent of change and the impact of RTRW policy implementation. Qualitative approach based on a single case study with a purposive sampling method involving five members of the Spatial Planning Forum (FPR) representing various agencies and institutions, as well as local executive and legislative officials based on field data (observations and interviews) and supplementary information. The data were interpreted using Creswell’s spiral analysis model, supported by NVivo 12 software. The successful realization of the RTRW policy for a civilized and sustainable city is evidenced by implementer compliance, the minimization of sectoral ego, and the effective accommodation of spatial planning interests. This success is manifested in several areas: the sustainable economic aspect is demonstrated by the integration of economic zones that stimulated an 8.66% increase in Locally-Generated Revenue (PAD) without compromising the provision of public open spaces and RTH. Similarly, regarding law enforcement and violation resolution, decisive actions have been taken, such as regulatory measures to phase out oil palm plantation areas and restrict coal mining business licenses (IUP) starting in 2026.

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