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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal Health Science and Medicine
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30638186     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21070/ijhsm
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Veterinary
Focus: The Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine (IJHSM) focus to advance the field of health science and medicine by publishing high-quality, peer-reviewed research articles, reviews, and case studies. Our journal serves as a platform for researchers, clinicians, and healthcare professionals to share innovative findings, critical insights, and emerging trends in the broad domain of health science and medicine. Scope: Clinical Research and Practice Studies on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. Clinical trials and evidence-based practices. Advances in medical technology and therapeutics. Public Health Epidemiology and health statistics. Health policy and management. Community health initiatives and health education. Biomedical Science Research on cellular and molecular biology. Genetics and genomics. Pharmacology and toxicology. Health Care Systems and Services Health care delivery and management. Quality improvement in health care services. Health economics and health informatics. Global Health Health issues affecting populations worldwide. International health regulations and practices. Global health governance and diplomacy. Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Lifestyle and behavioral interventions. Preventive medicine and early detection. Nutritional science and physical activity. Mental Health Research on mental health disorders and treatments. Psychological well-being and mental health promotion. Integration of mental health services in primary care. Innovations in Health Education and Training Medical and health science education methodologies. Training programs for health professionals. Continuing education and professional development.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 268 Documents
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Industrial Development and Social Toxins: A Review Article: Pembangunan Industri dan Racun Sosial: Sebuah Artikel Ulasan Ali, Wasfi Dhahir Abid
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 1 No. 3 (2024): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i2.101

Abstract

The Industrial Revolution brought about changes in society in many areas, economic and social, including ways of living, where industrialization dominated manual craft manufacturing, which changed the ways of living. Modern history is the process of transformation in the economy, and this change had positive and negative consequences. Some benefits of this revolution include faster rates of economic growth, lower costs, better quality, and more services for people. On the other hand, there are drawbacks, such as fewer job prospects and the potential for the gap between the rich and the poor to expand Highlights: Industrialization replaced manual labor, transforming society and ways of living. Benefits: economic growth, lower costs, better quality, increased services. Drawbacks: job loss, widened wealth gap, social inequalities. Keywords: Industrial Development, Social Toxins, Review.
The Effect of Risk Factors on Cardiovascular Diseases in Thi-Qar Governorate: Pengaruh Faktor Risiko terhadap Penyakit Kardiovaskular di Kegubernuran Thi-Qar Kazim , Hajar Abdelkarim; Salman , Ali Naeem
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i1.102

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to identify the role of risk variables in the onset and progression of cardiovascular illnesses. There was a significant difference (P ≤0.05) between the two groups, with the sick group having a 36% higher smoking rate than the control group's 12% rate. A comparison between the patient group and the control group revealed that total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) concentrations were all higher in the former, while HDL concentrations were lower. With 64% of patients experiencing hypertension and 36% not experiencing it, the percentages of patients with hypertension and those without it are much greater. There was a greater prevalence of type 2 diabetes among patients (60% vs. 40%), as well as other metabolic disorders. Among the other findings, 38% of patients were considered to be at a normal weight, 40% were considered to be overweight, and 24% were classified as having first-class obesity Highlights: Higher smoking rate, cholesterol, LDL, and lower HDL in patients. Increased hypertension (64%) and type 2 diabetes (60%) prevalence. 40% overweight, 24% obese, 38% normal weight among patients. Keywords: Heart and Vascular diseases, Rask Factors.
Glycine Level in GOT, GPT Enzyme Activity, and Its Relationship to Heart Disease: Kadar Glisin dalam GOT, Aktivitas Enzim GPT, dan Hubungannya dengan Penyakit Jantung Al-Fahadi, Nabil Hamdallah; Saleh, Saad Ghanem; Al-Ghadhanfari, Ekram Mohammed Taher
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i1.103

Abstract

This study aims to study the relationship between glycine levels and the activity of glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT) in different tissues (blood, heart, liver) and explore the impact of this relationship on heart and liver diseases. Data were collected from thirty patients with varying levels of glycine in the blood, and the activity of GOT and GPT enzymes was measured in blood, heart and liver samples, with the effect of glycine on the activity of these enzymes analyzed. The results showed that glycine levels were positively correlated with GOT and GPT enzyme activities in blood, heart, and liver. For example, in blood, the results showed that GOT enzyme activity was 15.29 U/100ml protein at 0.3% glycine level, and increased to 19.0 U/100ml protein at 8.1% glycine level. In heart, GOT enzyme activity was 18.21 U/100ml protein at 0.3% glycine level, and increased to 18.3 U/100ml protein at 4.0% glycine level. In liver, the enzyme activity was initially 14.72 U/100ml protein at 0.3% glycine level, and then increased to 19.0 U/100ml protein at higher glycine levels. The results also showed a significant increase in the total tissue activity with increasing glycine levels. In blood, the total activity increased from 14.1 U at 0% glycine to 31.4 U at 2.0% glycine. In the heart, the total activity increased from 27.0 U to 33.8 U at the same glycine levels, reflecting the effect of glycine in enhancing the enzyme activity in cardiac tissue. These results are an important step towards understanding the effect of glycine in improving enzyme activity and promoting metabolic balance, especially in the context of heart and liver diseases. The study also highlights the therapeutic potential of glycine as a nutritional compound in mitigating the effects of oxidative stress and improving the health of damaged tissues. Based on these results, glycine may play a pivotal role in developing new therapeutic strategies to enhance the health of heart and liver tissues. Finally, this study contributes to adding new knowledge about the role of glycine in improving the levels of enzymes that contribute to the balance of metabolic reactions and protecting tissues from damage resulting from oxidative stress, which opens new horizons for medical and therapeutic research in this field. Highlights: Glycine enhances GOT & GPT enzyme activity in blood, heart, and liver. Increased glycine levels improve metabolic balance and tissue health. Potential therapeutic role of glycine in heart and liver diseases. Keywords: Glycine, Enzyme Activity, Metabolic Balance, Heart Health, Liver Function
Application of Edible Vaccines: Penerapan Vaksin yang Dapat Dimakan Mahmood, Huda M.; Hmood, Tabark Sh.; Dhaip, Nuha A.; Mikhlif, Maymouna Y.; Majeed, Sadin R.; Faydh, Donia S.
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i1.104

Abstract

Immunizing humans and animals with edible plants is a developing technique with It appears limitless possibilities. The selected/desired pathogen antigen (HIV, TB, etc.) is injected via the chosen the host plant via the changes procedure as an create a plant that has been altered. Vegetable vaccinations have a lot of potential as a profitable, easy-to-manage, conveniently stored, unlikely or incapable of failure, and sociocultural sustainable option, especially for poor emerging economies. An edible vaccination replaces sore immunization protocols. Compared to conventional vaccines, edible vaccines are less expensive, without needles eliminate the actual need in order to preserve, are safe, might be kept in storage close as an the point of the use, along with provide mucosal layer and whole protection. To enhance human and animal immunity against a variety In viral illnesses, the chosen or preferred antigens The chosen host plant is infected with a variety of viruses, including HIV, TB, etc. There are several different kinds of edible vaccinations under development. to enhance immunity in both people and animals to a variety of infectious illnesses, including hepatitis B, cholera, measles, and FMD. Edible vaccinations can also aid in overcoming autoimmunity illnesses like type 1 diabetes. Edible vaccines have the dual benefit of immunizing generations while also preventing hunger. If the major issues and challenges can be overcome, it will pave the way for more secure and effective immunization Highlights: Edible vaccines: Cost-effective, needle-free, and easily stored for immunization. Targets diseases: HIV, TB, hepatitis B, cholera, measles, FMD, and more. Potential benefits: Enhances immunity, prevents hunger, and supports global health. Keywords: Plant-derived vaccines, immunization, future prospective
Effect of Visceral Fat on Blood Pressure Levels: Pengaruh Lemak Visceral pada Tingkat Tekanan Darah Hasan, Mhfoudh Falih; Mahdi, Weam Saleh; Hadi , Firas; thanon, Kawther saleh; Atiyah, Maher Abdulameer; Mutashar, Mohammed Kadhim
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i1.105

Abstract

Background: Visceral fat is a key health indicator due to its physiological link to vital body functions, particularly blood pressure regulation. Elevated visceral fat has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. Specific Background: High blood pressure, a chronic condition characterized by elevated arterial pressure, is influenced by various physiological factors, including body composition. The excessive accumulation of visceral fat can contribute to hypertension by impacting cardiovascular and metabolic functions. Knowledge Gap: Despite existing studies on obesity and hypertension, limited research has explored the direct correlation between visceral fat levels and blood pressure among university students in Iraq. Aims: This study aims to assess visceral fat levels and blood pressure among students at the Open Educational College – Basra Center and examine the relationship between these two variables. Results: Among 85 participants (42% male, 58% female, mean age 40.14 years), 55% had abnormal visceral fat levels, and 52% exhibited elevated blood pressure. Chi-square analysis revealed a significant relationship (X² = 8.125, p = 0.028) between visceral fat and hypertension, indicating that individuals with higher visceral fat percentages were more likely to have elevated blood pressure. Novelty: This study provides empirical evidence linking visceral fat accumulation to increased blood pressure in an understudied population, reinforcing the importance of visceral fat as a predictive factor for hypertension. Implications: The findings highlight the necessity for targeted health interventions, including lifestyle modifications and public health strategies, to mitigate the risks associated with excessive visceral fat accumulation and hypertension. Future research should further investigate underlying mechanisms and preventive measures tailored to at-risk populations. Highlights: Visceral fat impacts blood pressure, influencing cardiovascular health. Higher visceral fat correlates with increased blood pressure levels. Managing visceral fat may help regulate blood pressure and prevent complications. Keywords: Visceral fat, blood pressure, obesity, cardiovascular health, hypertension.
Study On Nurses' Knowledge Regarding Some Medications Induce Congenital Malformations During Pregnancy: Studi Pengetahuan Perawat Mengenai Beberapa Obat yang Menyebabkan Cacat Bawaan Selama Kehamilan Ali, Wasfi Dhahir Abid
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i1.106

Abstract

Many of the medications used to treat psychological illnesses, antibiotics, and other treatments for pregnant women later appear to have negative effects on the fetus during pregnancy or birth, and some of them appear after different age periods. The current study aims to familiarize nurses with these medications because of their major role in preparing and administering medications, drug doses, and medication administration periods. Female and male nurses with different academic levels and years of experience in different hospital departments participated in the questionnaire for a group of medications that cause birth defects.  Most Participants have knowledge that induces birth defects or malformation during pregnancy especially medicines that are commonly used, also knowledge may correlate with their academic level or experience  Highlights: Nurses' knowledge of drugs causing birth defects during pregnancy. Awareness varies by academic level and work experience. Emphasizes nurses' role in safe medication administration. Keywords: Birth defects, Pregnancy medications, Nurse knowledge, Basra hospitals, Congenital malformations
Evaluation of the Antioxidant Potential of Calix[4]Pyrrole ,Resorcin[4]Arene, and Pyrogallol[4]Arene Via DPPH Assay: Evaluasi Potensi Antioksidan Calix [4] Pirol, Resorcin [4] Arene, dan Pyrogallol [4] Arene Melalui Uji DPPH Alhamami , Samer Salem; Alnuaim , Maan; Raheem, Leaqaa Abdulredha
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i1.107

Abstract

Background: Oxidative stress, caused by an imbalance between free radical production and antioxidant defenses, contributes to various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and neurodegenerative conditions. Antioxidants mitigate these effects by neutralizing free radicals, preventing cellular damage. The DPPH assay is a widely used method for evaluating antioxidant activity, measuring the ability of compounds to reduce the stable DPPH radical and decrease absorbance at 517 nm. Calix[4]pyrrole, Resorcin[4]arene, and Pyrogallol[4]arene derivatives are macrocyclic compounds with structural features that influence their antioxidant properties. objective: This study aims to assess the antioxidant activity of Calix[4]pyrrole derivatives, Resorcin[4]arene derivatives, and Pyrogallol[4]arene derivatives using the DPPH radical scavenging assay to determine their potential for biomedical applications.Material and Methods: The DPPH assay was conducted by preparing a 0.4 mg/mL DPPH solution and measuring the reduction in absorbance at 517 nm after interaction with the tested compounds. The scavenging activity (%) was calculated using the standard equation.Results: : Pyrogallol[4]arene derivative (Cpd5) exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (65.81% ± 0.12), followed by Resorcin[4]arene derivative (Cpd4) with 59.79% ± 0.25. In contrast, Calix[4]pyrrole derivatives displayed lower antioxidant activity, with Cpd1 and Cpd6 showing the least efficiency at 7.38% ± 0.09 and 5.76% ± 0.09, respectively.Conclusion:The findings suggest that the antioxidant activity is significantly influenced by the presence and arrangement of hydroxyl groups. Compounds with a higher number of hydroxyl groups demonstrated superior radical scavenging potential, making them promising candidates for further pharmacological studies. Highlights: Oxidative stress leads to diseases; antioxidants counteract free radicals. Evaluate antioxidant activity of macrocyclic compounds using DPPH assay. Hydroxyl-rich compounds showed highest activity, promising for pharmacological studies. Keywords: DPPH assay, antioxidant activity, Calix[4]pyrrole, Resorcin[4]arene, Pyrogallol[4]arene, free radicals
Food Allergy and Physiology: A Review Article: Alergi Makanan dan Fisiologi: Sebuah Artikel Ulasan Hamid, Samahir Sabri
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i1.108

Abstract

Given the rising incidence of allergies, Proteins, either in their natural state or in forms arising from food preparation, are the source of food allergies. The field of proteomics has substantially benefited from advancements in mass spectrometry. These developments round out the range of biological assays that have been employed up to this point, including PCR and ELISA, and enable the identification and measurement of allergenic protein traces in complicated mixtures. We highlight significant advancements in mass-spectrometric techniques and examine approaches categorized based on their capacity to simultaneously quantify and detect allergenic proteins Highlights: Proteomics Advancements – Mass spectrometry improves allergen detection in food. Diagnostic Methods – ELISA, PCR, and immunoassays enhance allergen identification. Regulations – European laws mandate allergen labeling on food products. Keywords: Food allergies, proteomics, mass spectrometry, ELISA, PCR
Obesity as Risk Factor for Acute Coronary Disease in Al-Mosul City in Iraq: A Cross-Sectional Study: Obesitas sebagai Faktor Risiko Penyakit Koroner Akut di Kota Al-Mosul, Irak: Sebuah Studi Cross-Sectional Aziz Alfhadl, Nabil Hamdallah; Khader, Younis Mohmad; Zaid, Zaid Ahmed; Ibrahim, Khalid Ramadhan
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i1.110

Abstract

Background: Acute coronary syndrome represents a group of cardiac disorders that mainly occur due to a sudden reduction of the blood supply of the heart. This occurs when an atherosclerotic plaque ruptures withing the coronary arteries. Several risk factors are associated with the occurrence of ACS that can be classified as modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Prevention of more heart damage and mitigating the unfortunate consequences are crucial. Aim of Study: This research aims to identify the possible associations between obesity, lipid profile, and the risk of experiencing ACS in a specific geographic region (Al-Mosul City, Iraq). Methodology: This cross-sectional study was performed in Mosul City, Iraq, in 2025, this study provided data from 50 participants who were chosen according to s strict criteria including individuals experiencing obesity at any age and sex, people with a history of cardiovascular diseases, inherited cardiac disorders, and metabolic abnormality status. Data collection was adhered to under the supervision of the medical professional. Data included demographic data, laboratory investigation, and clinical measurement of the weight and height. Analysis was performed using Jamovi 2.4.1.0. Results: This study provided significant data about the risk factors that are affecting obese individuals to the possibility of having ACS, elevated BMI, and dyslipidemia was observed among participants, which raises the suspicion of experiencing ACS in the future. Conclusion: Obesity and dyslipidemia represent a serious healthcare problem worldwide, They are significant contributors to ACS risk. This study aims to identify these risk factors in Mosul City, Iraq, and to prevent further complications. Highlights: ACS is triggered by plaque rupture, with modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Investigate obesity, lipid profile, and ACS risk in Mosul, Iraq. Obesity and dyslipidemia significantly contribute to ACS risk, requiring preventive measures.. Keywords: Acute Coronary Syndrome, Obesity, Lipid profile, Cholesterol, Triglycerides, HDL, VLDL, LDL.
The Main Risk Factors Related with Anemia among Preschool Children in Nasiriyah City: Faktor Risiko Utama yang Berhubungan dengan Anemia pada Anak Usia Prasekolah di Kota Nasiriyah Saadon, Hanan B.
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i2.111

Abstract

Anemia is a common problem of public health which associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality especially in children of poor countries. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors that related with anemia in children at pre-school going age. The current study includes 90 children (48 male and 42 female). According to age, 60% of children were under 3 years old, the rest (40%) of children were between 3-6 years old. For male children aged 1-3 years, the hemoglobin level was 6.77 g/dL and 31.25% of them had severe hemoglobin deficiency. As for females in the same age group, the hemoglobin level was 7.40 g/dL, but most of them ( 59.52% ) suffered from moderate anemia. Iron deficiency was found in 14.58 % of male and 23.81% of female, however thalassemia was diagnosed in 18.75 % and 14.29 % of male and female, respectively with non-significant difference (P=0.50). In addition, 41.67% of the male children and 19.05% of the female children were malnourished. Diarrhea was common in both males and females where 39.59 % of males and 54.76% of females presented symptoms of diarrhea. In conclusion, the anemia in children under six years is complex, and highly associated with nutritional status, disease processes, and socio-economic status. If these causes are tackled through better nutrition, access to health and quality education anemia prevalence amongst this group might be greatly reduced. Highlights: High Prevalence in Young Children – Anemia is common among preschool children, with those under three years old being the most affected. Nutritional Deficiencies & Health Conditions – Iron deficiency, thalassemia, malnutrition, and diarrhea contribute significantly to anemia in both male and female children. Need for Comprehensive Interventions – Addressing anemia requires improving nutrition, healthcare access, and socio-economic conditions to reduce its prevalence. Keywords: Anemia in Children, Iron Deficiency Anemia, Malnutrition, Chronic Infections

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