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Rainbow : Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27214540     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15294/rainbow
Core Subject : Education,
Other
Rainbow journal has commitment to exchange and share ideas as well as research findings from researchers. Also, it provides the interdisciplinary forum for the most recent innovations, trends, concerns, practical challenges encountered and the solutions adopted in the field of Literature, Linguistics, and Cultural Studies:
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 110 Documents
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Class Anxiety: A Marxist Analysis of Mrs. Bennet in Pride and Prejudice Davina Putri Wiendien; Thohiriyah
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026): Special Issue
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i2.57496

Abstract

This study aimed to examine how socio-economic structures shape Mrs. Bennet’s psychological disposition and social behavior in Pride and Prejudice (1813). The analysis drew on Marxist literary criticism as its primary framework, supported by Bourdieu's concept of habitus, to investigate how material conditions produce class anxiety as both a psychological and behavioral phenomenon. The results showed that Mrs. Bennet's behavior is not a matter of personal character but a direct response to the material conditions that govern her existence. Her nervous temperament, obsessive concern with her daughters' marriages, need for social recognition, and fear of downward mobility reflect the internalized pressures of a class position that is economically precarious and socially uncertain. These findings suggest that class anxiety, as experienced by Mrs. Bennet, is a product of structural inequality rather than individual failing, revealing how deeply material conditions shape the way individuals think, feel, and act in Austen's depiction of Regency-era England.
Emotional Denial as a Self-Defense Mechanism in Daisy’s Character in Picking Daisies on Sundays Tyana Putri Utami; Thohiriyah
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026): Special Issue
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i2.57497

Abstract

Emotional denial is one of the psychological defense mechanisms that individuals use to cope with distressing emotions and threatening realities. This study examines emotional denial as a self-defense mechanism in Daisy’s character in the novel Picking Daisies on Sundays by Liana Cincotti. The objective is to analyze the forms of Daisy's emotional denial and explain how it functions as a self-defense mechanism. By using a qualitative descriptive method with a textual analysis approach, data were collected through close reading and documentation techniques, focusing on relevant dialogues, narrations, and character actions. The collected data were then analyzed using Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory, focusing on the concept of defense mechanisms as the theoretical framework. The findings reveal that Daisy’s emotional denial manifests through verbal rejection, avoidant behavior, and minimization of conflict, triggered by internal trauma, low self-worth, and external relational threats. This study concludes that emotional denial does not operate as a single reaction, but as a structured strategy combining verbal, behaviour, and thoughts. While this mechanism temporarily protects the character’s mind, it operates maladaptively by creating a continuous loop emotional avoidance that stops her personal growth and negatively affects her relationship with Levi. 
The Influence of Id, Ego, and Superego on Love and Sacrifice in Katniss Everdeen and Peeta Mellark’s Relationship in The Hunger Games Fidela Larissa Evelina Valda
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026): Special Issue
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i2.57502

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine how Sigmund Freud's psychological structures—the id, ego, and superego—affect how love and sacrifice are portrayed in Katniss Everdeen and Peeta Mellark's relationship in Suzanne Collins' novel The Hunger Games. While psychoanalytic studies have concentrated more on the psychological problems of particular characters, previous research on this novel has typically centered on themes of dystopia, power, socio-political criticism, and survival techniques. Therefore, by investigating how Freud's personality structures interact with the dynamics of love and sacrifice in the two major characters' relationship, this study closes the research gap. The connection between Katniss Everdeen and Peeta Mellark as it is portrayed in the story, language, ideas, and deeds of the characters in the book is the subject of the study. This study combines a literary psychoanalytic viewpoint with a qualitative descriptive methodology. Freud's theory of personality structures, which includes the id, ego, and superego, was used to assess the data that was gathered using close reading methods and document analysis. The findings demonstrate how love in Katniss and Peeta's relationship arises from emotional dependence, protection, and caring in the face of harsh circumstances. Emotional drives and affective needs (id), logical assessments of reality and survival tactics (ego), and moral principles, empathy, and obligation to others (superego) all have an impact on their sacrifices. The results of the study also show that acts of love and sacrifice are produced by the dynamic interaction of the id, ego, and superego, which influence one another during the decision-making process rather than by a single personality structure acting individually. By showing that interpersonal connections in literary works can be comprehended through the intricate interaction of instinctual urges, logical considerations, and moral standards that determine character conduct, this research has implications for the advancement of literary psychoanalysis.
The Struggle of Women Leadership in Intersectional Roles During World War II in Kristin Hannah’s The Nightingale Fanny Marizka
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026): Special Issue
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i2.57512

Abstract

In the wartime period, the restrictions of women become more complex as they are required to protect their families while adapting to unstable social and political conditions. Not only that, their experiences cannot be understood through gender alone, as multiple social identities often intersect and create overlapping forms of oppression. In Kristin Hannah’s The Nightingale (2015), these complexities are portrayed through Isabelle Rossignol and Vianne Mauriac, French woman who lives under German occupation during World War II and become involved in wider responsibilities with the risks imposed by the Nazi regime. This study employs Kimberlé Crenshaw’s intersectionality theory to examine how the overlapping pressures intersect with social position to create more complex situations. Then, the study applies a qualitative approach using interpretive textual analysis to investigate the meanings embedded in the characters’ actions. As they face double oppressions in the occupied country, they transform into leadership roles such as decision-makers, strategists, and collaborators. In their new role, these women can pursue resilience through personal accountability, a tactical approach, and trust-building or solidarity. Then, these leadership transformations enable them to navigate every challenge in the demands of war while carrying greater responsibilities to resilience.               
Flouting Maxim as Social Criticism: Rhetorical Manifestations in Wilde’s The Importance of Being Earnest Silva Rani; Almira Irwaniyanti Utami
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026): Special Issue
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i2.57513

Abstract

Language is not always used literally; speakers often communicate meanings that are not explicitly conveyed. This study investigates how flouting Grice's maxims functions as a pragmatic strategy generating social criticism in Oscar Wilde's The Importance of Being Earnest (1895). Previous research has treated Wilde's satire and irony as literary devices without examining maxim flouting as the underlying pragmatic mechanism, leaving a gap between pragmatics and literary studies. This study identifies flouting of the four Gricean maxims and examines how their rhetorical realization through irony, repetition, hyperbole, and simile contributes to criticism of Victorian norms on class, marriage, morality, and identity. Data were collected through close reading and analyzed in four stages: identifying flouting, examining rhetorical realization, decoding implicature, and categorizing social criticism. Findings show the quantity maxim is flouted most frequently, mainly through exaggeration, repetition, and irony, followed by relevance and manner, with no quality flouting found. Linking maxim flouting to rhetorical realization, this study offers a sociopragmatic model illuminating pragmatic deviation as a literary device, contributing to interdisciplinary work bridging pragmatics and literary criticism. The study concludes that Wilde's humor is a deliberate linguistic strategy exposing the falsity of Victorian aristocratic norms, rather than mere entertainment.  
Politeness Strategies to Express Emotion in Jenny Han’s The Summer I Turned Pretty Naura Makiya Faily; Almira Irwaniyanti Utami
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026): Special Issue
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i2.57601

Abstract

This study aims to examine the politeness strategies found in the novel The Summer I Turned Pretty by Jenny Han. In cross-linguistic pragmatics, politeness is a key element that functions as a system of interpersonal relations designed to minimize communication problems. For adolescents who are developing an awareness of social relationships and emotional regulation, politeness strategies are crucial for managing conversations in order to maintain connections and avoid misunderstandings. The objective of this study is to identify which strategies and the most frequently used strategies are employed by the teenage characters in this novel, namely Belly, Steven, Jeremiah, and Conrad. The theory employed is the politeness strategies framework by Brown & Levinson (1987), which comprises four strategies: bald on record, positive politeness, negative politeness, and off record. Using a qualitative descriptive method, 169 instances of politeness strategies spoken among the four characters were identified. Through the frequent use of positive politeness, the findings indicate that these characters tend to prioritize solidarity and closeness in their interactions. This study contributes to our understanding of how politeness strategies are represented in literary discourse, particularly among adolescent characters.
Women’s Psychological Resilience Against Intergenerational Trauma in Nguyen Phan Que Mai’s The Mountains Sing Sabrina Aulia Putri; Sri Sumaryani
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026): Special Issue
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i2.58019

Abstract

This study examines the representations of intergenerational trauma and women’s psychological resilience in Nguyen Phan Que Mai’s The Mountains Sing. The relationships between a grandmother and her granddaughter, Dieu Lan and Huong, show that trauma may be passed down through generations along with the psychological resilience caused by historical trauma. This study investigates how family members’ psychological experiences are shaped by historical trauma caused by significant socio-political events, such as the Great Hunger, the Land Reform, and the Vietnam War. This study focuses on how important these events are in affecting family members’ dynamics throughout the story. Cathy Caruth’s trauma theory served as the theoretical foundation for the study, which employed a qualitative descriptive method through close reading of characterization, conversation, and descriptive passages. The results show that traumatic experiences and emotional suffering are passed down through generations through family narratives and inherited grief, while resilience is developed through the preservation of family continuity. The study concludes that women’s psychological resilience and intergenerational trauma are closely related because the same familial relationships that caused suffering also support the ability to persevere, adjust, and transform value for future generations.
Internalization of Barongan Art Values in Stimulating Children's Expression and Creativity Hartono Hartono; Agus Cahyono; Wahyu Beny Mukti Setiyawan; Siti Aesijah; Halimah Agustina; Fitrah Cyntha Dirna; Vini Viodita; Saiful Fallah; Yudhistira Yossa Adirajasa
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026): Special Issue
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i2.58232

Abstract

The Barongan traditional dance is not merely a folkloric entertainment spectacle, but rather an educational medium rich in philosophical, aesthetic, and psychomotor values. This study aims to analyze the process of internalizing Barongan artistic values and its impact in stimulating children's emotional expression and creativity. Using a qualitative approach with a case study method, data were collected through participatory observation of children's activities in dance studios, in-depth interviews with art educators, and documentation of children's expressive behavior. The results show that internalization of Barongan artistic values occurs through three main stages: value transformation (recognition of characters and movement patterns), value transactions (interactive practice processes), and transinternalization (characterization). The dynamic, spontaneous, and expressive character of Barongan provides a safe space for children to channel emotions, reduce anxiety, and explore body movements freely. This research makes a significant contribution to the field of early childhood education and arts pedagogy by demonstrating that traditional dance can serve as an integral instrument for psychological stimulation. These findings highlight the practical application of Barongan art in fostering emotional regulation, kinesthetic intelligence, and original and independent thinking in children. Furthermore, this research provides a model for cultural preservation that goes beyond passive conservation, positioning traditional art as a dynamic and relevant tool for holistic child development in the modern era.
The Psychoanalytic Reading on Sexual Obsession  in Nabokov’s Lolita Hendriansyah Rafi Prayoga
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026): Special Issue
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i2.58287

Abstract

This study aims to examine sexual repression and obsession in Vladimir Nabokov’s novel Nabokov & Boyd (1996) by Vladimir Nabokov, focusing on how psychological mechanisms shape the novel’s central conflict, as well as Humbert’s behavior, which views repression and obsession as normal personality traits. This study analyzes the underlying forces of both repression and obsession and their influence on the way Humbert interprets reality, makes decisions, and interacts with others. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method, focusing on the analysis of non-numerical data in the form of narrative text with the aim of generating interpretive insights. The analysis utilizes Freud’s psychoanalytic framework, which is based on the concepts of the Id, Ego, and Superego, as well as repression and defense mechanisms. The findings of this study highlight three main points. First is the formation of the concept of “nymphlet,” which functions as a fantasy object constructed from past trauma related to the death of Ammabel Leigh. Second is the pedophilic desire that is continuously sustained by the Id’s impulses—unresolved and repeatedly overpowering his rationality and morality. Third, the unresolved conflict between the unconscious desires Humbert creates and existing social norms in public; instead, the ego manages this tension by rationalizing it, thereby perpetuating the conflict. Therefore, this psychological process demonstrates how obsession distorts Humbert’s perception of reality, enabling him to continuously justify his actions and engage in behavior that violates moral standards. This study concludes that the Freudian psychoanalytic framework is an effective way to interpret “Lolita”; thus, this study argues that obsession and repression are the underlying forces that create conflict in the novel.
Indonesian pre-service teachers’ strategy of using English as a medium in teaching a foreign language Syakira Mumtaza; Girindra Putri Dewi Saraswati
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026): Special Issue
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i2.59242

Abstract

This study aims to explore the type of Teacher Talk used by Indonesian pre-service teachers in teaching Indonesian as a foreign language (BIPA) in Australian classrooms. Here, the teachers used English to set a common language in the classroom. Open-ended questionnaires and interviews were conducted to find out the type of Teacher Talk and gain teachers’ perspectives during the teaching process from four participants. The data collected revealed six types of Teacher Talk they used in the classroom and were categorized using Flanders Interaction Analysis Categories (FIAC). It shows that using English in the classroom could develop comprehension interactions. Thus, it enhances students' willingness and confidence to interact and engage during the learning process. Moreover, using English to explain Indonesian helps students to understand the materials. Therefore, this study challenges existing hypotheses in teaching foreign languages and shows that using students’ first language also could help students in learning a new language. Even so, providing activities related to the target language is still important.

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