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Rainbow : Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27214540     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15294/rainbow
Core Subject : Education,
Other
Rainbow journal has commitment to exchange and share ideas as well as research findings from researchers. Also, it provides the interdisciplinary forum for the most recent innovations, trends, concerns, practical challenges encountered and the solutions adopted in the field of Literature, Linguistics, and Cultural Studies:
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 110 Documents
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Critical Ecolinguistics Analysis on Tourism Brochure Translation: From Nature Appreciation to Adventure Consumption Richard Ferry Nugraha; Novika Amalia
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i1.42561

Abstract

This study critically examines the tourism brochure of West Kotawaringin, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, from Indonesian to English. It argues that the translator’s choice of strategies reshapes the region's ecological and cultural landscape in the target text. Employing Venuti’s domestication and foreignization strategies as well as Stibbe’s ecolinguistics framework, the analysis reveals shifts from narratives that encourage genuine nature appreciation to those promoting adventure consumption, thereby reinforcing an inherently anthropocentric worldview. Key findings unequivocally highlight a significant erasure of indigenous eco-technologies and local knowledge, exemplified by the generic rendering of terms like kelotok and perahu getek into simply “a boat,” and the mistranslation of the culturally vital sumpit (blowpipe) as “chopstick”. This linguistic simplification and misrepresentation contribute to the commodification of the region, framing it through an exotic-romantic imaginary that obscures its identity and complex socio-ecological realities. Furthermore, factual inaccuracies, such as the incorrect conversion of “hectares” to “acres,” disrupt narrative conviction and contribute to the institutionalization of natural spaces, presenting them as managed facilities rather than holistic ecosystems. The predominant reliance on domestication strategies effectively silences the environment, replacing rich, interconnected stories with a simplified, consumer-oriented discourse. This research critically underscores the urgent need for ethically and ecologically conscious approaches to tourism translation that actively resist anthropocentric biases, foster authentic representation, and ultimately promote genuine eco-cultural sustainability in promotional materials.
READER RESPONSE ANALYSIS IN A LITTLE LIFE NOVEL BY HANYA YANAGIHARA Desri Maria Sumbayak; Adinda Dwi Putri Sihite; Fikry Prastya Syahputra
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i1.44560

Abstract

This research aims to analyze readers’ reactions to the plot of the novel, sensitive topics in the novel, and the way the author evokes readers’ imagination. The opportunity to analyze the novel from the viewpoint of the readers is presented by the positives and drawbacks noted by readers on social media. Fish’s theory of reader-response analysis in an interpretive community is then applied in this research. The participants of this study were six readers that are actively joined a book discussion over social media. In conducting this study, qualitative research design with research instruments in the form of Google Form questionnaire were employed. The result of this study shows that, generally, the readers expect an emotional and sad story from the novel and their expectations of the plot is fulfilled by the author. These pros and con’s opinion from the readers also represent the novel’s discussion and reviews on social media. The result implies that the novel’s tragic and melodrama story is the appeal of the novel itself, as the plot invites the readers to create mixed reactions that influence the novel’s popularity on social media when they reviewed it.
Examining Transitivity In Arabic And Indonesian Education News And Its Implications For Mahārah al-Qirā’ah Nurul Fitriyah; Rinaldi Supriadi
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i1.44969

Abstract

Education news in international media plays a role in shaping public understanding of cross-language education policies and issues. Differences in linguistic structure have the potential to affect how reality is represented as well as the level of complexity of readers' understanding. This study aims to compare the transitivity system in Arabic and Indonesian educational news texts on BBC News and examine its implications for maharah qirā'ah. The study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with transitivity analysis in the framework of Systemic linguistics functional. Data in the form of 20 news (10 Arabic and 10 Indonesian) published in 2025–2026 were analyzed to identify the types of process, participants, and circumstances, then compared comparatively. The results showed that Arabic texts were dominated by material process that demanded accuracy in identifying actions and grammatical relationships, while Indonesian texts used more verbal process that emphasized the attribution of information sources. These differences have an impact on the reader's meaning processing strategy. Pedagogically, these findings confirm that learning maharah qirā'ah needs to integrate the practice of automating the recognition of Arabic verbal structures while strengthening the ability to integrate meaning between clauses so that the global understanding of news texts can be achieved effectively.
A Corpus-Based Analysis of Prepositional Phrase-Lexical Bundles in Linguistics Research Articles Written by Indonesian Writers Nurinsani Yaman; Ni Gusti Ayu Roselani
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i1.45082

Abstract

This study examined the frequency and functional categories of 4-word PP-based bundles in linguistics research articles employed by Indonesian writers. The data were taken from a corpus comprising 116 articles with 602,421 tokens. The PP-based bundles were identified with the assistance of AntConc. Cut-off frequency and dispersion were applied to generate the list of bundles from the corpus. The identified bundles were then classified into functional categories proposed by Hyland. The findings reveal that only two out of three categories are identified: research-oriented and text-oriented.  In terms of types, research-oriented and text-oriented bundles occur in nearly identical proportions. However, text-oriented bundles occur more frequently when token frequency is considered. Within the text-oriented category, framing signals emerge as the most dominant subcategory. Participant-oriented bundles are entirely absent, a result that may be influenced by the structural focus of the study.
Attitude Realization in Tempo.co’s News Coverage of Bahlil Lahadalia’s Doctoral Program: An Appraisal Analysis Namira Az-Zahra; T. Thyrhaya Zein; Muhammad Yusuf
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i1.45507

Abstract

News reporting does not merely convey facts but also realizes social evaluation through linguistics choices employed in news texts. This study analyzes the realization of attitude in the news coverage of Tempo.co concerning the controversy surrounding Bahlil Lahadalia’s doctoral program and to reveal how evaluative patterns represents the media’s stance toward the actors and intitutions involved in the debate over academic legitimacy. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach using discourse analysis based on Appraisal Theory, paticulary the attitude subsystem comprising affect, judgement, and appreciation. The data consist of 282 evaluative clauses identified in 25 news articles published between October 16, 2024, and March 22, 2025. The findings show that judgement is the most dominant type of attitude, occurring in 218 clauses (77%), followed by appreciation (45 clauses; 16%) and affect (19 clauses; 7%). The dominance of judgement indicates that the news frames the issue as matter of compliance with academic norms, scientific integrity, and institutional accountability. Most evaluations are realized through inscribed attitude and attributed to external sources possessing symbolic authority. These findings suggest that evaluative language in Tempo’s reporting constructs a normative framework of academic legitimacy in the public sphere.
A Corpus-Based Analysis of Lexical Bundles in Traditional and Modern English Fairy Tales Balqista Surya Azizah; Aprillia Firmonasari
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i1.46909

Abstract

Lexical bundles are sequences of words that frequently recur and play a key role in shaping natural language use. Despite extensive research on lexical bundles in academic and spoken registers, their use in literary texts, particularly fairy tales, remains underexplored. As a genre rooted in oral storytelling, fairy tales are characterized by linguistic patterns that may reflect the use of such bundles across different periods. This study aims to identify four-word lexical bundles in traditional and modern English fairy tales, focusing on their frequency, variation, and distribution. Using a corpus-based descriptive-comparative approach, two balanced corpora of 400 traditional and 400 modern fairy tales were analyzed, comprising approximately 2.53 and 2.55 million words, respectively. The bundles were extracted using AntConc based on frequency and dispersion criteria, and analyzed through Key Word in Context (KWIC) and collocate tools to examine variation and recurrent patterns of surrounding words. The findings reveal that lexical bundles are widely used in both corpora. Traditional fairy tales exhibit more bundle types, while modern fairy tales show slightly higher lexical diversity. In terms of variation, most bundles are phrasal and structurally incomplete, functioning as parts of larger syntactic units. Overall, the findings indicate both continuity and subtle change in the use of lexical bundles across the two periods
Investigating Racism in The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian Shafadila Ariani Alfitria; Ruly Indra Darmawan
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i1.47040

Abstract

Racism remains a persistent global issue that affects individuals and communities through interpersonal discrimination and structural inequality. This study examines the representation of racism in The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian by Sherman Alexie, focusing on the experiences of the protagonist, Arnold Spirit Jr. (Junior), as a Native American teenager navigating life between the Spokane Indian Reservation and a predominantly white high school in Reardan. The background of this study lies in the continued marginalization of Native American communities and the need to analyze literary works as reflections of racial realities. The purpose of this research is to identify and analyze the forms of racism depicted in the novel. Using a qualitative descriptive method and applying the racism theory proposed by Benjamin P. Bowser (2017) as the analytical framework, this study examines individual, cultural, and institutional racism portrayed in the narrative. The findings reveal that racism operates simultaneously at personal and structural levels, limiting opportunities while intensifying identity conflict.
Alienation and Isolation: A Marxist Analysis in The Sea Speaks His Name by Leila S. Chudori Izra Sesafya Tsabit; Ruly Indra Darmawan
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i1.47041

Abstract

This study examines the representation of alienation and isolation in The Sea Speaks His Name by Leila S. Chudori through a Marxist perspective. It focuses on how socio-political conditions during Indonesia’s New Order era shape the characters’ experiences of disconnection from the self and society. Using a qualitative, library-based approach, the research analyzes selected dialogues, monologues, and narrative elements in the novel. Drawing on Karl Marx’s concept of alienation, the findings indicate that the characters experience various forms of estrangement, particularly in relation to identity, social relations, and agency. These conditions are closely associated with state repression and authoritarian control, which contribute to both physical and psychological forms of isolation. However, the effects of alienation are not uniform, as the narrative also presents moments of awareness and relational connection. Overall, the study suggests that the novel portrays alienation as a complex condition shaped by structural forces while still allowing space for human agency. In this way, literature functions not only as a reflection of socio-political realities but also as a medium for exploring the tensions between domination and resistance.
Relation Maxim Flouting as an Avoidance Strategy Signaling Geralt's Moral Stance in "The Lesser Evil" Farrel Maulana Azhani; Almira Irwaniyanti Utami
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026): Special Issue
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i2.55688

Abstract

Conversational indirectness in literary dialogue often reveals more about a character than their explicit statements. This study examines how the flouting of the maxim of relation functions as a conversational avoidance strategy in Geralt's dialogue in "The Lesser Evil," a short story from The Witcher: The Last Wish by Andrzej Sapkowski, and how this strategy contributes to the construction of his moral character. Using a qualitative approach with purposive sampling, eleven utterances were selected from Geralt's dialogues with Renfri, Stregobor, and Caldemeyn based on their departure from conversational relevance, their function as avoidance, and their occurrence in morally complex situations. The data were analyzed using Grice's Cooperative Principle and Gushchina and Nikolaeva's avoidance strategy categories. The findings show that Geralt flouts the maxim of relation through topic shifting, indirect refusal, sarcasm, humor, and philosophical generalization, with each interlocutor eliciting a distinct avoidance pattern. These strategies generate implicatures that allow him to resist direct moral commitment while still implying a position. The study demonstrates that relation maxim flouting can function as a cumulative, discourse-level resource for character construction, extending Grice's utterance-level framework toward a broader application in pragmatic stylistics.
The Virtue of the Green: Plant Agency and Interspecies Communion in Mary Oliver’s Devotions (2017) Thi Thai Ha Dang
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026): Special Issue
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i2.56527

Abstract

This article conducts a close reading of Mary Oliver’s poetry collection, Devotions (2017), to elucidate a novel ecological ethic regarding trees and an interspecies love that transcends the confines of human-centric and anthropomorphic frameworks. While anthropocentric perspectives assert human supremacy through the exclusive possession of soul and intellect, Oliver destabilizes these assumptions. She hypothesizes the existence of plant souls and replaces traditional cognition with a value system rooted in ‘plant virtue,’ a concept that compels humans to question their own ontological hierarchy. This virtue of plants serves as a central thesis in her work, leading to a critical interrogation of dominant human practices, such as the consumption of vegetation. Finally, the article explores the vivid interspecies affection in Oliver’s oeuvre, specifically through the lens of queering the non-human. Her poetic engagement with flora opens new possibilities for human sexuality and intimacy with the botanical world. To substantiate these claims, this study employs the theoretical framework of plant humanities, conceptualized as a novel ecocritical approach aimed at dismantling the anthropocentric hierarchies often imposed upon the botanical realm. Furthermore, it utilizes the lens of “queering the non-human”—as articulated by scholars such as Giffney & Hird and Luciano & Chen—to elucidate how Oliver’s poetry envisions deeply “queer,” affective, and more hopeful modes of empathetic kinship with plant life. 

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