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Cermin Dunia Kedokteran
Published by PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk.
ISSN : 0125913X     EISSN : 25032720     DOI : 10.55175
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran (CDK) is a Medical Journal published since 1974 and affiliated with PT Kalbe Farma Tbk. CDK is intended to help accommodate scientific publications and help increase and disseminate knowledge related to the development of medical science, pharmacy, and public health. CDK covers the disciplines of medicine, pharmacy, and health with several types of articles, namely: 1. Research 2. Literature review 3. Case report 4. Evidence-based case report (EBCR), systematic review 5. Other scientific articles Based on the SK Kemendikbudristek Nomor 152/E/KPT/2023, CDK has obtained Rank 4 (SINTA 4) for Scientific Journals.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 1,288 Documents
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Tatalaksana Nutrisi pada Kanker Anak Laurencia Ardi
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 46 No 9 (2019): Neurologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v46i9.455

Abstract

Prevalensi malnutrisi pada kanker anak cukup tinggi. Pemberian nutrisi yang tepat dan adekuat pada pasien kanker anak dapat membantu menurunkan morbiditas dan mortalitas. Selain makronutrien dan mikronutrien, terdapat nutrisi spesifik yang bermanfaat untuk pasien kanker anak seperti omega-3, asam amino rantai cabang, dan prebiotik atau probiotik. The prevalence of malnutrition in childhood cancer is quite high. Proper and adequate nutrition for pediatric cancer patients can help reduce morbidity and mortality. In addition to macronutrients and micronutrients, specific nutrients beneficial for pediatric cancer patients are omega-3, branched chain amino acids, and prebiotics or probiotics.
Rehabilitasi Pasca Total Knee Arthroplasty Putu Duhita Ayuningtyas W
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 46 No 9 (2019): Neurologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v46i9.456

Abstract

Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) merupakan pilihan terapi terbaik untuk pasien osteoartritis lutut stadium akhir. Keberhasilan TKA juga ditentukan oleh rehabilitasi adekuat untuk mengembalikan fungsi sendi setelah operasi. Rehabilitasi setelah TKA berfokus pada pemulihan range of motion (ROM) sendi, mengembalikan kekuatan otot lutut dan panggul, mengembangkan fungsi kemandirian dan kemampuan berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan rekreasi. Tujuan tersebut dapat dicapai melalui kombinasi modalitas rehabilitasi meliputi exercise therapy, latihan keseimbangan, aquatic therapy, terapi es atau kompresi, continuous passive motion (CPM), transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), dan instrument-assisted soft-tissue therapy. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an excellent option for end-stage knee osteoarthritis. Its success also depend on the adequacy of rehabilitation to restore functional ability following surgery. Rehabilitation after TKA focuses on recovery of knee range of motion (ROM), restoration of knee and hip muscle strength, development of functional independence, and the ability to participate in recreational activities. It can be achieved by combination of modalities such as exercise therapy, balance training, aquatic therapy, cold therapy and compression, continuous passive motion (CPM), transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NEMS), and instrument-assisted soft-tissue therapy.
Transplantasi Organ Mahesa Paranadipa M
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 46 No 9 (2019): Neurologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v46i9.457

Abstract

Undang-undang Nomor 36 tahun 2009 tentang Kesehatan telah memberi dasar hukum bagi pelaksanaan transplantasi organ.
Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas Cognitive Assessment Interview versi Indonesia Wikan Ardiningrum; Carla Raymondalexas Marchira; Cecep Sugeng Kristanto; Silas Henry Ismanto; Seviana Primawati
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 46 No 5 (2019): Pediatri
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v46i5.458

Abstract

Introduksi. Defisit kognitif merupakan prediktor konsisten disabilitas pasien skizofrenia. Salah satu instrumen penilaian fungsi kognitif pasien skizofrenia adalah Cognitive Assessment Interview. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji validitas dan reliabilitas instrumen Cognitive Assessment Interview versi Bahasa Indonesia (CAI-Ina). Metode. Uji validitas dan reliabilitas meliputi uji validitas isi, uji validitas konstruk, uji reliabilitas interrater, dan uji reliabilitas konsistensi internal. Pengambilan data dilakukan satu kali pada 112 pasien skizofrenia dan informan di klinik rawat jalan psikiatri RS Jiwa Grhasia DIY. Analisis data menggunakan SPSS 16. Hasil. Hasil kajian ulang, penerjemahan, dan terjemahan balik CAI-Ina oleh pakar telah disetujui oleh Ventura sebagai penyusun instrumen asli. Semua item dalam instrumen CAI-Ina memiliki korelasi sedang-kuat dengan skor total CAI-Ina (r=0,568-0,720; p<0,001). Terdapat korelasi sangat kuat antara skor total penilai, pasien, dan informan (r=0,903-0,944; p<0,001). Analisis faktor mendapatkan dua komponen utama, yaitu komponen terkait memori dan tidak terkait memori yang keduanya dapat menjelaskan 58,6% keseluruhan konstruk instrumen CAI-Ina. Nilai Cronbach’s alpha pasien 0,789; informan 0,835; dan penilai 0,850. Hasil uji interrater koefisien Kappa seluruh item dan skor total 0,722-0,939 dan koefisien konkordansi Kendall W 0,834-0,985. Skor CAI-Ina memiliki korelasi kuat dengan skor GAF (r=-0,722-(-)0,808; p<0,001) ataupun kemampuan fungsi sosial (r=-0,684-(-)0,750; p<0,001). CAI-Ina memiliki validitas isi dan konstruk yang baik serta reliabilitas yang tinggi. Introduction. Cognitive deficit is a consistent predictor for disabilities in patient with schizophrenia. One instrument that can be used to assess cognitive deficit in schizophrenia is Cognitive Assessment Interview. This study will evaluate the validity and reliability of CAI instrument in Indonesia languange version (CAI-Ina). Method. The validity and reliability evaluation includes content validity, construct validity, inter rater reliability, and internal consistency reliability. Data was collected one time from 112 patients and informants in the outpatient clinic in Grhasia Mental Hospital DIY. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 16. Result. Reassessment result, translation and back translation by an expert have been approved by Ventura as the original author. All items in the CAI have medium-strong correlation with the total score of CAI-Ina (r=0.568-0.720; p<0.001). There was a very strong correlation among the total score of the raters, patients, and informants (r=0.903-0.944; p<0.001). The two major components : memory related components and non-memory related components can explain 58.6% total instrument construct in the CAI-Ina. Cronbach’s alpha of patients was 0.789; of informants was 0.835; and of rater was 0.850. Kappa coefficients of all items and the total scores were 0.722- 0.939. The Kendall W concordance coefficients were 0.834 – 0.985. Score of CAI-Ina have a strong correlation with GAF score (r=-0.722-(-)0.808; p<0.001) and social functioning (r=-0.684-(-)0.750; p<0.001). CAI-Ina has a good content and constructs validity, also has a high reliability.
Diagnosis Klinis, Tatalaksana, dan Pencegahan Chlamydial Conjunctivitis Adriani Sakina
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 46 No 7 (2019): Continuing Medical Education - 2
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v46i7.459

Abstract

Konjungtivitis merupakan salah satu penyakit mata yang umum. Penyebab konjungtivitis antara lain alergi, zat kimiawi, reaksi imun, dan infeksi. Salah satu agen infeksi penyebab konjungtivitis adalah Chlamydia. Infeksi Chlamydia mata dibagi menurut klasifikasi Jones, meliputi Blinding trachoma, Non-blinding trachoma, dan Paratrachoma. Diagnosis Chlamydial Conjunctivitis ditegakkan berdasarkan klinis. Berbagai pemeriksaan laboratorium dilakukan saat survei epidemiologis atau penelitian.. Conjunctivitis is a common eye disease. The etiology can be allergy, chemical reaction, immunology reaction, and infection. One of the infection agent is Chlamydia. Chlamydial eye infection is classified according to Jones Classification into 3 group : Blinding trachoma, Non-blinding trachoma, and Paratrachoma. Dagnosis of chlamydial conjunctivitis is based on the clinical condition. Laboratory tests are only used in epidemiology survey or research.
Keratosis Pilaris Ratih Purnamasari Nukana
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 46 No 7 (2019): Continuing Medical Education - 2
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v46i7.460

Abstract

Keratosis pilaris sering dialami saat kanak-kanak dan akan membaik seiring bertambahnya usia. Beberapa faktor risiko antara lain keturunan, riwayat penyakit kulit lain, jenis kelamin, usia, jenis kulit kering, cuaca. Pilihan pengobatan termasuk emolien, keratolitik, steroid topikal, dan terapi laser. Hasilnya bervariasi antara individu. Keratosis pilaris is a common skin disorder of childhood that often improves with advancing age. Some risk factors include heredity, history of other skin diseases, gender, age, dry skin type, weather. Treatment options include emollients, keratolytics, topical steroids and laser therapy. The results varies among individuals.
Tinjauan atas Stevens-Johnson Syndrome dan Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Cinthia Christina Dewi
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 46 No 7 (2019): Continuing Medical Education - 2
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v46i7.461

Abstract

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome dan toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) merupakan kasus jarang dengan kejadian 1-10 kasus per 1 juta kasus per tahun tetapi potensial mengancam nyawa. Etiologi tersering adalah reaksi hipersensitivitas terhadap obat. Patogenesis SJS/TEN belum sepenuhnya dimengerti. Gejala prodromal flu like symptom diikuti timbulnya bula dan epidermolisis. Komplikasi tersering adalah hipo- dan hiperpigementasi kulit serta pada mata. Tatalaksana terbaik adalah menghentikan obat yang disangka pencetus, terapi suportif berupa penggantian cairan dan elektrolit, terapi sistemik dan topikal, serta terapi untuk komplikasi pada mata. Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis ( SJS / TEN) is rare with an incidence of 1-10 cases per 1 million cases per year; but potentially life-threatening. The most common etiology is hypersensitivity reaction to drug. The symptoms begin with prodromal flu-like symptoms followed by the appearance of reddish lesions followed by bullae formation and epidermolysis. The most common complications are skin hypo- and hyperpigmentation and eye complications. The best management is to stop the presumptive drug, fluid and electrolye therapy and therapy for eye complications
Diagnosis Sindrom Piriformis Daniel Mahendrakrisna
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 46 No 7 (2019): Continuing Medical Education - 2
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v46i7.462

Abstract

Sindrom piriformis adalah neuropati perifer kompresi muskulus piriformis pada nervus iskiadikus. Kelainan ini banyak ditemukan pada wanita dan cenderung luput dari diagnosis karena banyaknya penyakit dengan gejala sama. Aktivitas berlebihan dan duduk lama merupakan pencetus. Gejala dan pemeriksaan fisik sederhana seperti Pace sign, Freiberg sign, pyriformis sign, dan Beatty sign dapat membantu diagnosis. Tatalaksana mencakup farmakologi obat anti inflamasi non steroid, fisioterapi, psikoterapi, serta pembedahan. Piriformis syndrome (PS) is a neuropathy due to compression to sciatic nerve lying on piriformis muscle. PS are more commonly found in women. Excessive activities and sitting could be precipitating factors. PS is often misdiagnosed because of many diseases with similar symptoms. Physical signs, such as Pace sign, Freiberg sign, piriformis sign, and Beatty sign, could aid to diagnosis. Non-steroidal anti inflammatory agent, physioterapy, psychotherapy, and surgery could reduce the symptoms.
Tatalaksana Farmakologi Hipertensi pada Hiperaldosteronisme Primer I Gede Yasa Asmara
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 46 No 7 (2019): Continuing Medical Education - 2
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v46i7.463

Abstract

Hipertensi secara umum menurut etiologinya dibagi menjadi primer dan sekunder. Hiperaldosteronisme primer merupakan salah satu penyebab hipertensi sekunder yang memiliki terapi spesifik dan sangat mungkin disembuhkan. Hiperaldosteronisme primer memiliki efek multiorgan antara lain penurunan sensitivitas insulin pada otot dan jaringan lemak, gangguan fungsi sistolik dan hipertrofi otot jantung, inflamasi ginjal dan aterosklerosis. Diagnosis melalui tiga tahapan yaitu skrining, tes konfirmasi dan analisis subtipe. Tatalaksana meliputi non-farmakologi, medikamentosa dan pembedahan. Obat golongan antagonis mineralokortikoid seperti spirolonakton dan eplerenon merupakan pilihan utama untuk hiperaldosteronisme primer. Based on its etiology, hypertension can be subdivided into primary and secondary. Primary hyperaldosteronism is secondary hypertension with specific treatment and may be curable. The disease is associated with renal, metabolic, brain and cardiovascular complications. Primary hyperaldosteronism affects multi organs such as reduced insulin sensitivity on muscle and adipose tissue, systolic dysfunction, myocardial hypertrophy, inflammation in the kidney and atherosclerosis. Diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism consists of three steps i.e. case-finding, a confirmatory test, and subtype evaluation. The management comprises non-pharmacology, medication, and surgery. Mineralocorticoid antagonists such as spironolactone and eplerenone are the drug of choice for primary hyperaldosteronism.
Peranan Ekstrak Solanum lycopersicum L terhadap Ekspresi Basic Fibroblast Growth Factors (bFGF) dan Pencegahan Skar Hipertrofik pada Tikus Strain Wistar Aulia Rahman; Indah Julianto; Prasetyadi Mawardi
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 46 No 5 (2019): Pediatri
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v46i5.464

Abstract

Tujuan. Mengetahui peranan ekstrak Solanum lycopersicum L (tomat) pada ekspresi basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) dan mencegah skar hipertrofik. Metode. Penelitian eksperimental laboratorium dengan rancangan post-test only control group design di Laboratorium Bagian Farmasi Universitas Setia Budi selama 28 hari menggunakan 30 ekor hewan coba tikus strain Wistar yang dibagi 3 kelompok. Pada seluruh tikus dibuat perlukaan di area punggung. Kelompok 1 dengan perlakuan Solanum lycopersicum L 20% gel topikal. Kelompok 2 dengan perlakuan topikal gel transparan (berisi kombinasi karboksimetilselulosa 2,3% dan propilen glikol 20%). Kelompok 3 tanpa perlakuan. Penilaian ekspresi bFGF berdasarkan pemeriksaan imunohistokimia dengan vectastain. Penilaian scar elevation index (SEI) berdasarkan pemeriksaan histopatologi dengan pewarnaan hematoksilin-eosin (HE) di Laboratorium Patologi Anatomi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta. Hasil. Tidak ada perbedaan bermakna ekspresi bFGF pada ketiga kelompok. Didapatkan perbedaan bermakna penilaian SEI; di kelompok 1 dengan perlakuan Solanum lycopersicum L 20% gel topikal tidak terbentuk skar hipertrofik. Objective: To observe the role of Solanum lycopersicum L (tomato) extract on basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) expression and in hypertrophic scarring prevention. Method. A laboratory experimental research with post-test only control group design, conducted at the Pharmacy Section, Setia Budi University, on 30 Wistar strain rats divided into 3 groups. All rats were injured in the back area. Group 1 were treated with topical Solanum lycopersicum L 20% gel. Group 2 were treated with topical transparent gel (contain carboxymethylcellulose polymer 2,3 % and propylene glycol 20%). Group 3 without any treatment, all for 28 days. bFGF expression was assessed immunohistochemically with vectastain; scar elevation index (SEI) was histopathologically assessed with hemotoxicillin-eosin (HE) staining in Anatomy Pathology Laboratory of Faculty of Medical Sebelas Maret University. Results. No significant differences in bFGF expression in the three groups. SEI assessment analysis also showed no significant differences; owever, no hypertrophic scars formed in group

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