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Life Science
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25285009     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15294/unnesjlifesci
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Life Science published original and significant articles on all aspects of Life Sciences (Biology, Genetics, Biological Anthropology, Botany, Medical Sciences, Veterinary Sciences, Biochemical Genetics, Biometry, Clinical Genetics, Cytogenetics, Genetic Epidemiology, Genetic Testing, Evolution and Population Genetics, Immunogenetics and Molecular Genetics). Starting from Vol. 14 (1) 2025, all submitted manuscripts must be in English and include Turnitin and AI plagiarism scan results. Authors are also required to attach ethical clearance files from relevant official institutions for research using human and animal samples.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 30 Documents
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Keanekaragaman Tumbuhan Berhabitus Pohon, Semak atau Perdu, serta Herba di Bantaran Sungai Kaligarang Kota Semarang Fira Putri Nur Awwalia; Talitha Widiatningrum
Life Science Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v13.i2.13979

Abstract

The Kaligarang River is one of the longest rivers in Semarang which is widely used for various purposes over time, this river has changed towards sedimentation and erosion. Therefore, the existence of vegetatiton is important as an ecosystem balancer. The purpose of this study is to study environmental parameters and analyze the diversity of plants found in the Kaligarang watershed. This type of research includes exploratory research with a line plot sampling method (5 quadrant plots) measuring 1x1 meters for herbs, 5x5 meters for shrubs/shrubs, and 10x10 meters for trees in May 2023-May 2024. Research locations at Tinjomoyo station, Tugu Soeharto, and behind PDAM Tirto Moedal. The results showed that the soil types found were sandy loam, clay, and dusty clay; soil pH between 5.51-6.23; C-organic content 0.32-0.94%; light intensity between 2950-7610 lux; ambient temperature 38°C-45°C, and air humidity 24%-43% which means that the quality of the environment is quite supportive of plant growth quite well. The results of the calculation of plant species diversity (H') with tree habitus was found at station 1 was 0,69 (low) and the highest at station 3 was 0.97 (low); the lowest shrub at station 2 was 0.45 (low) and the highest at station 3 was 1.19 (medium); and the lowest herbaceous at station 1 was 1.25 (medium) and the highest at station 2 was 2.92 (medium). The conclusion from these results is that environmental factors and plant diversity values at each station are different.
Pengaruh Laju Injeksi Karbondioksida terhadap Oksigen Terlarut dan Pertumbuhan Spirulina platensis Al Anshori, Aziz; Sri Ngabekti; Andhina Putri Heriyanti; Amnan Haris
Life Science Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v13.i2.14327

Abstract

Indonesia has a high and continually increasing total greenhouse gas emission. Carbon dioxide absorption can be mitigated by utilizing the photosynthesis process of microalgae. Spirulina platensis was chosen as the sample to be cultivated in this study due to its ease of cultivation and its status as a large-scale carbon dioxide absorber. The objective of this research is to analyze the effect of varying carbon dioxide injection rates on dissolved oxygen and the growth of S. platensis. This research employed an experimental method involving semi-mass cultivation using a 12 L volume tube photobioreactor (PBR) as a container with three treatment variations. These variations included culture P0 (without injection/control), culture PA (0.5 L/minute), and culture PB (1 L/minute). The data analysis revealed that the variation with an increase in dissolved oxygen levels and enhanced growth of S. platensis was most optimal in culture PB (1 L/min). One-way ANOVA results showed significant differences between culture P0 (without injection) and classified data indicating that culture PB (1 L/min) fell into a high-level classification. The average dissolved oxygen value for culture PB (1 L/min) was 7.9 mg/L, with a cell density average of 0.651 cells/ml and a dry biomass weight of 3.8 grams. The conclusion drawn is that varying carbon dioxide injection rates significantly affect dissolved oxygen levels and the growth of S. platensis, as evidenced by cell density and biomass calculations. The effect on the S. platensis culture is a notable increase in both parameters. The application of varying carbon dioxide injection rates in the cultivation of S. platensis may serve as a reference for identifying the optimal carbon dioxide injection rate during semi-mass cultivation.
Table of Contents: Life Science 13 (2) 2024 Life Science
Life Science Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v13.i2.16462

Abstract

Life Science Edition 13 (2) 2024 consists of 9 articles which fall within the scope of microbiology, zoology, botany and ecology. Articles were written by academics from 3 university, such as Universitas Negeri Semarang, Universitas Diponegoro, and Universitas Tanjungpura.
Studi Etnobotani Manten Kopi sebagai Kearifan Lokal di Perkebunan Kopi Kawisari Blitar: Ethnobotanical Study of Manten Coffee as Local Wisdom in Kawisari Coffee Plantation Blitar Aristawidya, Rifdah; Agustin, Eva Putri; Permata Sari, Dita Putri
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i1.17538

Abstract

Manten kopi is a traditional ritual practiced at Kawisari Plantation, Blitar, symbolizing coffee beans as a "couple" united through ceremonial processes. This study identifies the types of plants and plant parts used in the ritual, analyzes its philosophical significance, and identifies the local knowledge associated with the tradition at Kawisari Coffee Plantation, Blitar. The research employs a qualitative design with a survey method. Data were gathered through interviews and observations, with informants chosen using purposive sampling. The participants included ritual leaders and coffee farmers. The findings reveal that 11 plant species are utilized in the ritual, including coffee (Coffea sp.), pisang raja (Musa paradisiaca var. Sapientum), rice (Oryza sativa), jasmine (Jasminum sambac), champak (Michelia champaca), ylang-ylang (Cananga odorata), rose (Rosa sp.), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), croton (Codiaeum variegatum), coconut (Cocos nucifera), and banyan (Ficus benjamina). The plant parts used comprise leaves and flowers (36.36%), fruits (18.18%), and seeds (9.09%). The manten kopi ritual holds philosophical significance as an expression of gratitude for an abundant harvest and a hope for better harvests in the future. It reinforces cultural, spiritual, and agrarian values while preserving local wisdom to maintain harmony between humans, nature, and culture.
Efek Ekstrak Buah Belimbing Wuluh terhadap Kadar SOD Paru Tikus yang Dipapar Asap Rokok: Effect of Starfruit Extract on SOD Levels in the Lungs of Rats Exposed to Cigarette Smoke Setyaningsih, Anggun Try; R. Susanti
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i1.22267

Abstract

  Cigarette smoke contains a variety of chemical compounds that are harmful to more than 4000 particles that are particularly harmful to cell metabolism such as tar, nicotine, and CO. Cigarette smoke is a free radical that can cause oxidative stress if excessively inhaled in the lungs. Oxidative stress can be characterized by a decrease in SOD levels. SOD enzymes are naturally occurring antioxidants produced in the body to neutralize free radicals. This study aims to find out the effect of Averrhoa bilimbi fruit extract on the lung SOD level of male rats exposed to cigarette smoke. This study used 25 male rats divided into five groups, namely the normal (K) group, the negative group given exposure to cigarette smoke (K-), the treatment group given exposure to cigarette smoke and the extract A. bilimbi fruit 3 mg/kgBB (K1), treatment group given exposure to cigarette smoke and fruit extract A. bilimbi 6 mg/kgBB (K2), treatment group given exposure to cigarette smoke and fruit extract of A. bilimbi 12 mg/kgBB (K3). The antioxidant content of the A. bilimbi fruit extract is analyzed using the DPPH method and the SOD level of the lungs is measured by the calorimetric method. Analysis of SOD data using One Way Anova test and LSD test. The results of the antioxidant test of the A. bilimbi fruit extract showed a 23.37% antioxidant status. The results of statistical tests of A. bilimbi fruit extract on lung SOD levels exposed to cigarette smoke have a real effect. Each group showed real differences in the form of K (79.99%), K- (21.07%), K1 (52.14%), K2 (64.29%), K3 (72.86%). From the results of the research that has been carried out, it can be concluded that the fruit extract of A. bilimbi has an effect on the increase in the SOD level of mice exposed to cigarette smoke.  
Vanilla Callogenesis with the Addition of Picloram and BAP under Dark and Light Conditions Bahrunnisa, Atiqah; Noor Aini Habibah
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i1.22275

Abstract

Vanillin is a secondary metabolite in vanilla, with a 1%–3% content. Tissue culture is an effective alternative for producing plant secondary metabolites. This study aimed to analyze the effect of picloram and BAP under light and dark conditions on the callogenesis of vanilla leaf explants. A randomized block design was used with two factors: picloram concentration (0 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 5 ppm, 7.5 ppm) and BAP (0 ppm, 1 ppm, 2 ppm, 3 ppm), as well as lighting conditions (light and dark). Vanilla leaf explants were cultured on MS medium and incubated for three months. The observed parameters included the time for explants to curve, the percentage of curved explants, the time of callus formation, the percentage of callus-forming explants, and callus morphology. The results showed that PGRs type/concentration significantly affected the percentage of curved explants but had no significant effect on other parameters. Lighting and its interaction with PGRs had no significant effect. The best combination of picloram and BAP resulted in 100% curved explants but was less optimal for inducing callus formation in vanilla leaf explants. This study can open scientific insights into the combination of picloram and BAP and the effects of different lighting in vanilla leaf callogenesis.
Antibacterial Activity Test of the Combination of Bay Leaf (Syzygium polyanthum) Extract and Nanochitosan Against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis Astrid Farmayati; Siti Harnina Bintari; Pramesti Dewi; Dewi Mustikaningtyas
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i1.24777

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the world’s most biodiverse countries, including in medicinal plants that contain active compounds with potential as sources of modern medicine, particularly for treating bacterial infections. The use of herbal plants as antibacterial agents offers an alternative to overcome antibiotic resistance and the side effects of synthetic drugs. Bay leaf (Syzygium polyanthum) and nanochitosan are known for their antibacterial properties due to their bioactive compounds. However, studies on their combined effects are still limited. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial effectiveness of combinations of bay leaf extract (15%, 25%, and 35%) and nanochitosan (0.5% and 1%) against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was applied, using sterile distilled water as a negative control and 0.1% chloramphenicol as a positive control. The antibacterial activity test was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Results showed the positive control produced inhibition zones of 25.45 ± 1.27 mm for E. coli and 25.05 ± 0.39 mm for B. subtilis. The most effective combination was K3 (35% bay leaf extract and 0.5% nanochitosan), which produced inhibition zones of 12.65 ± 0.52 mm and 12.91 ± 0.55 mm, respectively. Statistical analysis using the Tukey HSD post hoc test confirmed significant differences among treatments. These findings suggest that the combination of bay leaf extract and nanochitosan holds promise as an alternative antibacterial agent
Potensi Penambahan Kombinasi Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat dan Penambat Nitrogen terhadap Jumlah Daun dan Lebar Daun Cabai Rawit Varietas Dewata F1: Potential of Adding a Combination of Phosphate-Solubilizing and Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria to the Number of Leaves and Leaf Width of Dewata F1 Variety of Cayenne Pepper Ikramullah, Fiza; Rahmawati; Khotimah, Siti; Mukarlina
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i2.1736

Abstract

The combination of phosphate-dissolving and nitrogen-fixing bacteria can increase plant productivity and nutrient availability as an environmentally friendly biofertilizer candidate. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of a combination of bacterial strains P1, P2, P3, N1, N2, and N3, on the growth of cayenne pepper, and to determine the best treatment of the combination of bacterial strains. The research was conducted from May to August 2023. The research was carried out by watering bacterial isolates on the cayenne pepper planting media. Observations were made for 2 months after transplanting. Data analysis used a completely randomised design with 9 treatment levels, namely, KP, KN, A (P1+P2+P3+N1); B (P1+P2+P3+N2); C (P1+P2+P3+N3); D (PI+P2+P3+N1+N2); E (P1+P2+P3+N1+N3); F (P1+P2+P3+N2+N3); G (P1+P2+P3+N1+N2+N3), with 4 replications. The results showed that the combination of phosphate-solubilising bacteria strains (P1, P2, P3) and nitrogen-fixing bacteria strains (N1, N2, N3) had a significant effect on the parameters of the number of leaves and leaf width of cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.). Treatment A (P1+P2+P3+N1) is a combination of bacterial strains that gives the best results on leaf width (5.20 cm) and number of leaves (47.75 strands). This biofertilizer enhances plant productivity and prevents environmental pollution.  
Analisis Kadar Kalsium pada Batita Stunting Kota Semarang: Analysis of Calcium Levels in Stunted Toddlers in Semarang City Rochly, Revinta Nur Aulia; Ari Yuniastuti; Lisdiana; Nugrahaningsih WH
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i2.12044

Abstract

Calcium (Ca) is a type of micronutrient that is important for children, especially during toddlerhood (children under three years of age), in their growth and development, where if the body lacks Ca, the bone mineralization process will be low and result in low mineralization of the matrix of new bone deposits, affecting the work of osteoblasts. As a result, children's linear growth will be hampered, and there is a risk of stunting. The research objective is to analyze calcium levels in stunted toddlers aged between 6-36 months in Semarang City. This research is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional research design carried out in Bandarharjo and Tanjungmas sub-districts. The research sample consisted of 20 stunting toddlers and 20 non-stunting (normal) toddlers with an age range of 6-36 months. The independent variable in this study itself is blood calcium levels. The statistical analysis used was the Mann-Whitney U test. The results revealed that Ca levels in stunted toddlers were 9.95 mg/dL, meanwhile for normal toddlers, it is 16.51 mg/dL. Statistically, it shows that calcium levels in stunted toddlers are significantly different from those in normal toddlers (p = 0.000). In conclusion, there is a statistically significant difference in Ca levels between stunted and normal toddlers aged 6–36 months in Semarang City. The findings suggest that Ca status constitutes an important nutritional factor to be addressed in efforts to prevent stunting among toddlers.
Kualitas Nata de pina dengan Pemberian Ekstrak Kecambah Kacang Hijau (Phaseolus radiata L.) yang diperlakukan dengan Air Cucian Beras dalam Perkecambahannya: The Quality of Nata de pina with the Application of Mung Bean Sprouts Extract (Phaseolus radiata L.) Treated with Rice Washing Water in Germination Siti Khotimah; Rahmawati; Syarifah Risna Khairunisa
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i2.16919

Abstract

Nata de pina is a low-calorie organic food rich in fiber, made from pineapple juice (Ananas comosus L.). A supporting factor for the growth of Acetobacter xylinum (nata-forming bacteria) is a nitrogen source. The use of nitrogen sources such as non-food-grade zwavelzure ammoniak (ZA) is considered environmentally unfriendly, so an alternative solution is to use mung bean sprout extract as an organic nitrogen source. This study aims to determine the quality of nata de pina in terms of thickness, fiber content, color, texture, taste, and aroma with the application of mung bean sprout extract (Phaseolus radiata L.), which is treated with rice washing water during sprouting. Data analysis employed ANOVA and Duncan’s further test, with 7 treatment concentrations: control (0%), ZA 1%, mung bean sprout extract at 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%. Each concentration was repeated 4 times. The nata layer formed on the fourth day and was harvested on the fourteenth day. The results showed that the best nata quality was obtained with a 1.5% mung bean sprout extract concentration, with a thickness of 1.09 cm, fiber content of 2.85%, and an organoleptic assessment with a score of 4 (like criteria). The resulting nata had a chewier texture, a fresh sour pineapple aroma, a yellowishwhite color, and a sweet taste. This study provides an effort to utilize pineapple juice waste and rice-washing water waste as potential raw materials for the development of healthy and environmentally friendly food products.

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