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Life Science
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25285009     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15294/unnesjlifesci
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Life Science published original and significant articles on all aspects of Life Sciences (Biology, Genetics, Biological Anthropology, Botany, Medical Sciences, Veterinary Sciences, Biochemical Genetics, Biometry, Clinical Genetics, Cytogenetics, Genetic Epidemiology, Genetic Testing, Evolution and Population Genetics, Immunogenetics and Molecular Genetics). Starting from Vol. 14 (1) 2025, all submitted manuscripts must be in English and include Turnitin and AI plagiarism scan results. Authors are also required to attach ethical clearance files from relevant official institutions for research using human and animal samples.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 30 Documents
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Dismilaritas Kadar Low Density Lipoprotein Kolesterol pada Pasien Dislipidemia dengan Metode Homogenous Formula Friedewald di RSUD Mardi Waluyo Kota Blitar: Dissimilarity of Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels in Dyslipidemia Patients Using the Friedewald Homogenous Formula Method at Mardi Waluyo Regional Hospital, Blitar City Hartati Tuna; MM Riyaniarti Estri Wuryandari; Mely Purnadianti; Nita Damayanti; Vivien Dwi Purnamasari; Gerardin Ranind Kirana
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i2.17182

Abstract

Dyslipidemia is one of the primary risk factors for vascular disease, which can lead to an increase in the number of lipid profile tests. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is one of the signs of dyslipidemia and can be examined using the direct method (homogeneous) or the Friedewald formula. This examination method has its own advantages and disadvantages. This study aims to determine the difference in LDL cholesterol levels using the direct method and the Friedewald formula in dyslipidemia sufferers at Mardi Waluyo Hospital, Blitar City. The research design carried out is a cumulative analytical research with a cross survey approach. This study was conducted on 40 patients who underwent lipid profile examinations at the Laboratory of Mardi Waluyo Hospital, Blitar City. Blood samples that are examined and included in the dyslipidemia criteria are then checked for LDL cholesterol levels with the Friedewald formula. Based on the results of the study, the results ofthe statistical analysis of the Independent test sample t-test with a meaningfulness level of 95% (α = 0.05) were obtained by the LDL t statistic result (1.706) < t table 2.02439. There was no significant difference in the results of the LDL cholesterol examination of the direct method and Friedewald formula in people with dyslipidemia, For this reason, further research is needed to determine LDL cholesterol levels, both in the extract and with the Friedewald formula, using the gold standard method for LDL cholesterol examination in accordance with the recommendations of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) is ultracentrifugation as a comparison of LDL cholesterol research
Analisis Konsentrasi Logam Berat pada Sedimen dan Air Laut di Perairan Selat Rupat: Analysis of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Sediments and Sea Water in Rupat Strait Waters Alan Krisbiantoro; Sri Fitrya Retnawaty; Yulia Fitri; Kurniati Utami
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i2.23772

Abstract

The Rupat Strait, located between Dumai City and Rupat Island in Riau Province, Indonesia, is an area with high industrial activity, including oil processing and maritime transportation. These activities contribute to the release of various pollutants, particularly heavy metals, into the marine environment. This study aimed to analyze the concentration of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Fe, and Zn) in seawater and sediment samples to assess the extent of contamination and potential ecological risks. A total of nine observation stations and one control station were selected using purposive sampling. Field measurements of physical and chemical parameters were conducted in situ, while laboratory analyses of metal concentrations were performed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The results showed that heavy metals were present at varying levels across all stations. The highest concentration was found for iron (Fe) in sediment at Station 9, reaching 18,476 ppm, while the lowest was cadmium (Cd) in seawater, with an average concentration of 0.001 ppm. Overall, metal concentrations in sediment were significantly higher than in seawater. These findings indicate a potential threat to benthic organisms and call for regular environmental monitoring. The study contributes valuable baseline data for marine pollution management and policy development in the Rupat Strait region.
The Effect of Tamarind Fruit Nanoparticles (Tamarindus indica) on the Sperm Quality of Hyperglycemic Rats Bagus Hammam Falah; Wulan Christijanti; Nugrahaningsih WH; R. Susanti
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i2.24064

Abstract

Hyperglycemia is an increase in glucose levels in the blood. This condition can trigger glucose autooxidation which can produce free radicals. Free radicals can cause damage to male reproductive organs and quality. Tamarind fruit has a high flavonoid which has the potential as an antioxidant. This study aims to analyze the effect of tamarind fruit nanoparticles on spermatozoa quality in hyperglycemic rats. This study is experimental with Post-Test Control Group Design. A sample of 15 male Wistar rats were induced by alloxan and then divided into three groups, namely the control group, tamarind fruit nanoparticles with a dose of 30 mg/KgBB (NP1) and 60 mg/KgBB (NP2) for 28 days. Sperm quality was observed with parameters of concentration, motility and viability. The data were analyzed using One Way ANOVA and LSD. The results of the Anova test showed that tamarind nanoparticle treatment could significantly improve sperm quality (P<0.05). The LSD test showed that the concentration, motility and viability of sperm in group (K) were significantly different from groups NP1 and NP2. The highest to lowest average sperm concentration in sequence was in groups NP2 (49.60x106±6.06x106), NP1 (41.60x106±7.40x106) and K (20.80x106±7.56x106). The highest to lowest average percentage of sperm motility in sequence was in groups NP2 (82.20±9.75), NP1 (74.00±4.74), K (47.20±10.66). The highest to lowest average percentage of sperm viability in sequence was in the NP2 group (76.80±4.49), NP1 (72.20±7.12), K (31.60±7.89). The conclusion of this study is that tamarind nanoparticles have an effect on improving sperm quality in hyperglycemic rats.
Comparison of the Rate and Level of Biodegradation of Leaf Waste by Lignocellulolytic Molds from Universitas Negeri Semarang Campus Walandipa, Ghani; Mustikaningtyas, Dewi; Widiatningrum, Talitha; Dewi, Pramesti
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i2.25828

Abstract

Biodegradation is a physical decomposition of the substrate caused by the activity of microorganisms by producing products that have benefits for humans. Lignocellulose degrading fungi are microorganisms that play a role in the process of decomposing organic waste. The biodegradation rate of each type of lignocellulose degrading mold is different. The purpose of this research is to comprehensively analyze and compare the rate and level of biodegradation of leaf waste in lignocellulolytic molds isolated from the campus environment of Universitas Negeri Semarang, as well as to identify and evaluate the type of lignocellulolytic mold that shows the highest efficiency in the rate and level of biodegradation of leaf waste. The method used in this research is quantitative method, by measuring the mass ratio and pH of leaf waste media before inoculation and after inoculation. The results of this study are the rate of leaf waste biodegradation based on the ratio of leaf waste mass by Trichoderma koningiopsis mold isolate of 0.015 grams/day, while by Trichoderma erinaceum mold isolate of 0.002 grams/day. Then the rate of leaf waste biodegradation based on the pH change value of leaf waste by Trichoderma koningiopsis mold isolate is higher with a pH change value of 0.3 when compared to the Trichoderma erinaceum mold isolate with a pH change value of 0.1. The superior performance of Trichoderma koningiopsis highlights its potential application in optimizing organic waste decomposition systems and provides a scientific basis for selecting lignocellulolytic fungi in sustainable waste management programs.
Potensi Rimpang Kencur (Kaempferia galanga Linn.) sebagai Agen Imunomodulator terhadap Performa Ayam Broiler (Gallus domesticus sp.): Potential of Galangal Rhizome (Kaempferia galanga Linn.) as an Immunomodulatory Agent for Broiler Chicken (Gallus domesticus sp.) Performance Halisa; Hernawati
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i2.27522

Abstract

Broiler chickens (Gallus domesticus sp.) are one of the most sought-after commodities due to their high productivity, but on the other hand, they are susceptible to stress. Galangal rhizome (Kaempferia galanga) is a medicinal plant containing immunomodulatory compounds that play a role in enhancing and regulating the body's immune system. This study aimed to determine the potential of kencur rhizome on broiler chicken performance. The research design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and five replications each. The treatments consisted of: KN (plain drinking water), KP (commercial vitamins), P1 (galangal rhizome 20 g/L), P2 (galangal rhizome 50 g/L), and P3 (galangal rhizome 80 g/L). Twenty-five one-day-old Ross 308 broilers were reared for 30 days. Parameters observed included water and feed intake, absolute body weight, relative growth rate, and morphological condition. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by Duncan’s multiple range test at a 5% significance level. The results indicated that kencur supplementation significantly (p<0.05) affected water intake, absolute body weight, and relative growth rate. The P3 treatment (80 g/L) yielded the most favorable outcomes in growth and morphology. These findings suggest that galangal rhizome has potential as an immunomodulatory agent to enhance broiler performance
Keanekaragaman Spesies Arthropoda di Badan Air dan Sekitar Mata Air Kecamatan Gunungpati, Kota Semarang: Diversity of Arthropod Species in Water Bodies and Around Springs in Gunungpati District, Semarang City Novianti, Ira; Nana Kariada Tri Martuti; Partaya; Sri Ngabekti
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i2.28890

Abstract

Arthropods are the largest phylum in the Animalia kingdom that can live on land, in freshwater, in the sea, or in the air. Springs are bodies of water that seep out through cracks in rocks to the surface of the ground, serving as a habitat for various Arthropods and the Gunungpati district has several springs in its area. This study aims to analyze the diversity of arthropod species and to describe the abiotic and biotic factors that influence the diversity of arthropod species in the water bodies and around the springs in the Gunungpati district, Semarang City. The research was carried out from October to December 2022, located at five springs, among others. The research was conducted from October to December 2022 at five springs, namely Sendang Jedung, Sendang Lanang Trangkil, Sendang Ndelik, Sendang Mbiru, and Sendang Gede. The data collection method was purposive sampling. The approach used in this research is a quantitative approach with a descriptive research type. The research results showed a total of 1537 individuals and 112 species of arthropods, which included 146 individuals in water bodies and 1391 individuals around springs. The diversity index ranged from moderate to high, between 1.82-3.30. The dominance index values were low, ranging from 0.05-0.29, and the evenness index values fall within moderate to high criteria, ranging from 0.52-0.86. The Sorenson similarity index on the five ponds is considered low. Abiotic factors do not affect diversity too much because it has similar values in the five springs. Therefore, biotic factors (organic matter, litter, and surrounding vegetation) greatly influenced the diversity of arthropod species in water bodies and around the spring in Gunungpati District, Semarang City.  
Diversity of Soil Insects on Hiking Trails in the Forest of Mount Prau Muthiati, Aisyaah; Indriyanti, Dyah Rini; Widiyaningrum, Priyantini; Abdullah, Muhammad
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i2.31714

Abstract

Soil insects are insects that carry out all their activities in or on the soil surface. Soil insects play a vital role as decomposers, predators, herbivores, and soil structure improvers. This study aims to investigate the diversity of soil insects along the hiking trails of Mount Prau with varying levels of hiking intensity, namely the Patak Banteng trail with high intensity, Dwarawati with moderate intensity, and Purwosari with low intensity. The method used was the pitfall trap, with a total of 120 traps installed along the three trails. Insect identification was conducted in the laboratory using a stereo microscope, and environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, soil pH, light intensity, organic carbon (C) content, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and soil texture were measured as supporting data. The results showed 20 soil insect species from 6 orders and 11 families, with a total of 445 individuals. The order Coleoptera was dominant in all plots, particularly the species Xantholinus sp. (Staphylinidae). The highest Shannon-Wiener diversity index was found in the Dwarawati plot (H’=1.90), followed by Purwosari (H’=1.82), and the lowest in Patak Banteng (H’=1.59). High evenness (E) values (>0.6) and low dominance (D) values.
Diversity and Distribution of Gastropods in the Southern Coastal Area of Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta Dyah Wahyu Setyaningsih; Partaya
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i2.32014

Abstract

The southern coast of Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, exhibits high gastropod diversity across varied substrates, offering a critical framework to study their distribution and ecological role in coastal ecosystem balance. This study aims to analyze the level of gastropod diversity and distribution in the Sundak Beach, Indrayanti Beach, and Drini Beach areas to support area management and maintain the survival of organisms and water productivity. Research was conducted using a 1x1 meter quadrat plot method systematically placed in the intertidal zone at three coastal locations. Data collection was carried out over a period of three months (October–December 2024). Gastropod species identification was based on shell morphological characteristics, while data analysis included calculations of the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’), Simpson dominance index (C), Pielou evenness index (E), abundance (ind/m2), and Morisita dispersion index (Id) to determine distribution patterns. Environmental parameters measured included temperature, pH, and salinity. The results found 23 gastropod species from 12 families across the three study locations, with high diversity values (H’ = 2.63), high evenness (E = 0.84), and low dominance (C = 0.10). The distribution pattern of most species was clumped, influenced by food availability and substrate characteristics. Environmental factors such as temperature (28–31°C), pH (7), and salinity (30–32%) supported the stability of gastropod communities. The findings are expected to provide scientific insight into their community structure and an understanding of the environmental factors influencing their abundance in the intertidal zone.
Etnobotani Tumbuhan Obat Masyarakat Desa Lawe Cimanok Kabupaten Aceh Selatan: Ethnobotany of Medicinal Plants of the Lawe Cimanok Village Community, South Aceh Regency Muslich Hidayat; Nusirwan Nusirwan
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i2.34584

Abstract

This ethnobotanical study aims to document the local knowledge of the Lawe Cimanok Village community in South Aceh regarding the use of medicinal plants. The methode used is a mixed methode with a Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) approach involving 30 selected respodents. The results of the study identified 60 species of medicinal plants from 37 families used by community. The analysis shows that leaves are the most commonly used part of the plant (57%), followe by fruit (13%) and rhizomes (10%). The most common processing methods are crushing and boiling, while the most common methods of use are drinking (46%), applying topically (11%), and applying as a poultice (33%). This study also revealed an inseparable spiritual aspect, where treatment is often accompanied by rituals and prayers. These findings represent a complex and holistic traditional knowledge system. However, this cultural heritage is highly vulnerable to exitinction as times change. Therefore, systematic documentation in this study is crucial for preservation efforts and as a database for the future development of herbal medicines based on local wisdom. 
The Effectiveness of Several Plants as Anesthetics in the Wet Transport System for Oreochromis niloticus Tilapia Fry Fani Fariedah; Qurrota A'yunin; Soko Nuswantoro; Althov NRH
Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v14.i2.37143

Abstract

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a highly valuable aquaculture species, yet handling and transportation processes often induce stress that can reduce survival. Anesthetics are commonly used to minimize stress, but synthetic agents may leave residues and potentially harm both fish and consumers. Therefore, natural plant-based anesthetics are increasingly explored as safer alternatives. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of galangal (Alpinia galanga), bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides), and frangipani flower (Plumeria acuminata) extracts as natural anesthetic agents for tilapia fry during transport. The experiment used a completely randomized design with three treatments and five replications. Tilapia fry (3–5 cm) were exposed for six hours to plant extracts at predetermined doses. Measured parameters included induction time, recovery time, and survival rate. Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. The results indicated significant differences among treatments. Galangal extract produced the fastest induction (3.9 minutes), quickest recovery (5.5 minutes), and highest survival rate (99.6%). Bandotan extract showed moderate performance, while frangipani flower extract produced the slowest induction, longest recovery, and lowest survival (82%). Overall, galangal extract proved to be the most effective and safest natural anesthetic. The study demonstrates that plant-based anesthetics can reduce transport-related stress without leaving harmful residues, offering practical benefits for sustainable aquaculture, especially in wet transport systems.

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