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Muhammad Fikri Amra
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Convergence: Journal of Global Dynamics
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar
ISSN : 31094228     EISSN : 31094198     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
Social Sciences
Jurnal ini dirancang untuk menjadi katalis bagi pengembangan budaya riset di kalangan mahasiswa Hubungan Internasional UIN Alauddin Makassar pada khususnya dan mahasiswa Hubungan Internasional di Indonesia pada umumnya, sekaligus berkontribusi pada pengayaan wacana akademik hubungan internasional. ConGlobe diterbitkan tiga kali setahun pada bulan April, Agustus, dan Desember, memastikan diseminasi karya ilmiah yang konsisten dan tepat waktu sepanjang tahun akademik. Jadwal publikasi ini memungkinkan proses peer review yang komprehensif sekaligus memberikan kesempatan rutin bagi para peneliti untuk berbagi temuan mereka dengan komunitas akademik. Convergence: Journal of Global Dynamics (ConGlobe) muncul sebagai solusi untuk menjembatani kesenjangan ini dengan menyediakan platform publikasi akademik yang dikelola secara profesional, sekaligus memprioritaskan ruang bagi mahasiswa untuk mempublikasikan hasil penelitian mereka.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Politik dan Hubungan Internasional
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
TELAAH KEBIJAKAN SIBER TIONGKOK DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PERUSAHAAN TEKNOLOGI AMERIKA SERIKAT Safitri, Siti Alifiyah; Hasymi, Aditya Maulana
CONVERGENCE: JOURNAL OF GLOBAL DYNAMICS Vol 1 No 2 (2025): Convergence: Journal of Global Dynamics
Publisher : UIN Alauddin Makassar

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Abstract

This research explores the establishment of the Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC) as a strategic response by the Chinese government to counter the influence of American technology companies in the digital sphere. Employing a descriptive qualitative method and grounded in Digital Sovereignty and Cyberpower theories, this study analyzes the role of CAC as a central instrument in managing digital governance and national information control. Findings reveal that CAC serves not only as an administrative authority but also as a political apparatus designed to ensure ideological conformity, protect national data, and promote digital independence. Through strict regulations and censorship, CAC imposes operational limitations on U.S.-based tech firms like Google, Facebook, Apple, and Microsoft. These actions align with China’s broader ambition to establish cyber sovereignty, safeguard national security, and ensure domestic political stability. By analyzing CAC’s institutional design and policy implementation, this research contributes to understanding how authoritarian states leverage digital governance to challenge Western technological dominance and reshape global internet governance norms.  
Malaysia's Gastrodiplomacy Strategy in Promoting Halal Friendly Country for Global Muslim Tourists in 2023 Zulfia S; Kaslam, Kaslam; Muhammad Saleh Tajuddin
CONVERGENCE: JOURNAL OF GLOBAL DYNAMICS Vol 1 No 1 (2025): Convergence: Journal of Global Dynamics
Publisher : UIN Alauddin Makassar

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Abstract

This study investigates how halal culinary branding and gastrodiplomacy contribute to national identity formation, tourism competitiveness, and international diplomacy, with a focus on Malaysia as a leading case in 2023. The research aims to evaluate how Islamic principles are embedded within national tourism strategies and how culinary initiatives shape perceptions and promote intercultural engagement. Using a qualitative descriptive-analytical approach, the study integrates document analysis of policy frameworks, literature on soft power and religious diplomacy, and secondary data from halal tourism campaigns, certification systems, and branding practices. The findings reveal that halal certification, when aligned with ethical stewardship and nation branding, significantly enhances trust among Muslim travelers and positions Malaysia favorably in global tourism indices. Culinary diplomacy events and digital influencer engagement serve as powerful platforms for promoting national identity, while halal standards offer robust indicators of food safety and cultural integrity. The study concludes that integrating religious values with culinary diplomacy strategies not only elevates national image but also promotes economic growth and cross-cultural understanding. These findings offer critical insights into the development of inclusive, ethically grounded, and sustainable Islamic tourism policies.
Peran Sosial Media di Indonesia dalam Membangun Gerakan Transnasional Bachtiar, Farahdiba; Ernawati, Ernawati
CONVERGENCE: JOURNAL OF GLOBAL DYNAMICS Vol 1 No 1 (2025): Convergence: Journal of Global Dynamics
Publisher : UIN Alauddin Makassar

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Abstract

This article examines victims of human trafficking from the province of Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB). Existing research on human trafficking has been studied in general terms and rarely includes Indonesian migrant workers. In fact, perpetrators of human trafficking targeted migrant workers. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method and literature study which aims to describe human trafficking of migrant workers from NTB. In addition, this study analyzes underlying factors of human trafficking within the circle of migrant worker groups from the province of NTB. This article employs several concepts as analytical tools, such as the concept of human trafficking and transnational organized crime. This articles contributes to provide recommendation for policy makers in regulating Indonesian migrant workers.
HAMBATAN INTERNALISASI NORMA PROTOKOL MAPUTO DALAM PEMENUHAN HAK PEREMPUAN DI MALAWI Pratiwi, Tiffany Setyo; Handayani, Serli
CONVERGENCE: JOURNAL OF GLOBAL DYNAMICS Vol 1 No 2 (2025): Convergence: Journal of Global Dynamics
Publisher : UIN Alauddin Makassar

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Abstract

Malawi is one of the African Union member states that ratified the Maputo Protocol as an effort to fulfill women's human rights. This study aims to explain how the Maputo Protocol norms are internalized in Malawi through three stages: norm emergence, norm acceptance, and norm internalization. Furthermore, this study will analyze the obstacles to the implementation of the Maputo Protocol at the community level. This study uses a qualitative research method with data sources through secondary data derived from journal articles, online news, and data from official government websites. The findings of this study indicate that the internalization of the Maputo Protocol is demonstrated by Malawi's actions in formalizing the formation of new laws in 2006, namely the Law on the Prevention of Domestic Violence, the Law on Inheritance of 2011, the Law on Gender Equality of 2014, and the Constitutional Amendment Law Number 36 of 2017. Internalization is also demonstrated by the institutional governance process in the government that is oriented towards gender equality policies. However, this study found that obstacles in the internalization of the Maputo Protocol norms at the community level are still very large. These obstacles stem from the lack of public knowledge about the Maputo Protocol. More specifically, this study highlights the government's inability to legalize medical abortion as part of implementing the values of the Maputo Protocol. This situation is driven by the complexity of the conceptual frameworks of religious and cultural leaders in Malawi regarding abortion, which is considered a "grave sin", which has implications for political dynamics, where Malawi's political elite considers the opinions of religious leaders as a key basis for policy decisions.
Analisis Kerjasama Amerika Serikat-Indonesia dalam Menurunkan Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca Melalui Program FOLU Net Sink 2030 Rauf, Mutmainnah; Luneto, Riska; Amsir, Achmad Abdi
CONVERGENCE: JOURNAL OF GLOBAL DYNAMICS Vol 1 No 1 (2025): Convergence: Journal of Global Dynamics
Publisher : UIN Alauddin Makassar

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Abstract

In order to address the challenges of climate change, international cooperation is essential, especially for large countries that contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions. The United States is the second largest producer of greenhouse gas emissions in the world after China, and Indonesia is the largest producer of greenhouse gas emissions in Southeast Asia. Therefore, through the FOLU Net Sink 2030 program, the two countries have formed a partnership to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the forestry and land use sectors, which can absorb emissions of -140 million tons of CO2e. The objective of this study is to examine initiatives to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through cooperation between the United States and Indonesia through the FOLU Net Sink 2030 program. This study employs qualitative research methods, specifically library research, supplemented by theories of international cooperation and green politics theory. The findings indicate that the collaboration between the United States and Indonesia through the FOLU Net Sink 2030 program began in 2022, with data showing a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in the FOLU sector of 8.15 million tons of CO2e in 2022, in 2023, there was a fivefold decrease from the previous year, amounting to 37.77 million tons of CO2e, and in 2024, a decrease of 42.6 million tons of CO2e. The general conclusion of this study is that cooperation between the United States and Indonesia is important because it can promote low-carbon development in Indonesia nationally and serve as an international cooperation strategy to achieve global climate targets.
Konstitusi Islam Arab Saudi di Tengah Modernisasi Cahyaning Putri, Ardhia Mutiara
CONVERGENCE: JOURNAL OF GLOBAL DYNAMICS Vol 1 No 1 (2025): Convergence: Journal of Global Dynamics
Publisher : UIN Alauddin Makassar

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Abstract

For Saudi Arabia, modernization is one of the keys to releasing this country's dependence on oil, which has become its main commodity. MBS as the originator of Saudi Vision 2030 has carried out reforms to maximize other sectors in Saudi Arabia, such as politics, culture, education, society, law, and religion. However, the reforms carried out by MBS contain many freedoms which raise pros and cons for the Muslim community of Saudi Arabia and the world. This paper seeks to explore how moderate Islam initiated by MbS easily accepts western modernization, namely with the Riyadh Season 2022 and the Halloween celebration which was first permitted by MbS, then the author will relate it to the Saudi Arabian constitutional system so far, not only that the author also will incorporate elements of Islamic law regarding the modernization phenomena that occurred after MBS served as Crown Prince and Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia. Finally, the author will include how the author views the presence of this modernization.
TANTANGAN TERHADAP INTEGRASI: PENGARUH ISLAMOFOBIA TERHADAP POLITIK EROPA Tambunan, Putri Marlen Noviana; Baiti, Ainun Nur
CONVERGENCE: JOURNAL OF GLOBAL DYNAMICS Vol 1 No 2 (2025): Convergence: Journal of Global Dynamics
Publisher : UIN Alauddin Makassar

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Abstract

The purpose of this Journal is to find what are the challenges for Integration of Islamophobia's influence on politics in Europe, we know that Islam is the second largest religion in Europe, so its existence could have a significant influence on the political structure in Europe. This research uses descriptive qualitative research method, which makes literature research as its main reference, we use this method  to analyze data from previous research. This research will focus on what are challenges to integration and  European political order will be faced by people in Europe due to emergence of Islamophobia there. The main purpose of using  Descriptive Qualitative method is so that the author can elaborate the issues to be discussed systematically in accordance with accurate and accountable facts. From this research, it’s found that the presence of Muslim immigrants in Europe has led to a rejection attitude from local community as they consider it’s presence  as a threat to national identity, cultural values, and democratic principles that are  upheld by European countries. One of the main reasons for this discrimination is that Islamic religious beliefs are not in line with concept of secularism, which is the basis of most countries in Europe.
Pendalaman Hubungan Strategis Cina di Myanmar Pasca Kudeta Militer Melalui Analisis Economic Statecraft Aspin Nur Arifin; Hidayani, Fadhillah
CONVERGENCE: JOURNAL OF GLOBAL DYNAMICS Vol 1 No 1 (2025): Convergence: Journal of Global Dynamics
Publisher : UIN Alauddin Makassar

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This study investigates China's strategic economic engagement with Myanmar after the 2021 military coup, focusing on the deployment of economic statecraft through the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). The objective is to understand how China's pragmatic approach in foreign economic policy supports its geopolitical interests while consolidating influence in Southeast Asia. A qualitative research method with a case study approach was adopted. Data were collected through document analysis, including official reports, academic literature, and international databases, analyzed using the theoretical framework of economic statecraft to reveal patterns of strategic behavior. Findings show that China has sustained and expanded its economic activities in Myanmar post-coup, maintaining close ties with the military regime through state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Projects like the China-Myanmar Economic Corridor (CMEC), deep-sea ports, rail infrastructure, and mining operations have bolstered China’s strategic access to the Indian Ocean while insulating its interests from Western sanctions. The study reveals China's deliberate orchestration of commercial and diplomatic instruments to align Myanmar’s economic dependency with its broader geopolitical vision, particularly reducing reliance on the Malacca Strait and securing energy routes. China’s use of economic statecraft in Myanmar illustrates a proactive and calculated foreign policy strategy. Through infrastructure diplomacy and the mobilization of SOEs, China secures regional influence while advancing BRI goals. This study contributes to understanding power projection through economic instruments and suggests further research on comparative cases across the Global South.
STRATEGI KEMENTERIAN PARIWISATA DAN EKONOMI KREATIF PERIODE 2019-2024 DALAM MENINGKATKAN CITRA INDONESIA SEBAGAI NEGERI REMPAH Salma Destiviani, Tri; Azmawati, Dian
CONVERGENCE: JOURNAL OF GLOBAL DYNAMICS Vol 1 No 2 (2025): Convergence: Journal of Global Dynamics
Publisher : UIN Alauddin Makassar

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Abstract

This research aims to analyze the strategies of the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy (Kemenparekraf) during the 2019-2024 period in enhancing Indonesia's image as the "Land of Spices" through the implementation of gastrodiplomacy on the international stage. This study employs Multi Track Diplomacy (MTD) and Soft Power theoretical frameworks to analyze how gastrodiplomacy is implemented through formal government channels (Track One) and non-state actors in promoting Indonesian cuisine as an instrument of cultural diplomacy. The research utilizes qualitative methods with a case study approach, analyzing Kemenparekraf's gastrodiplomacy programs through literature review, policy document analysis, and in-depth interviews with relevant stakeholders including Indonesian restaurant owners abroad and Kemenparekraf officials. Kemenparekraf has implemented gastrodiplomacy strategies through the "Indonesia Spice Up The World" (ISUTW) program, successfully establishing 1,221 Indonesian restaurants across various countries and actively participating in international culinary festivals. Despite facing challenges in funding, spice supply, and human resources, this program has proven effective in strengthening Indonesia's image as the "Land of Spices" and enhancing Indonesia's soft power on the international stage through culinary diplomacy.
KERJASAMA RUSIA-TIONGKOK DALAM SEKTOR ENERGI: SUATU TINJAUAN HERMENEUTIK Dhiva Pratiwi, Aprillia Ayunda; Wonoadi, Grace Lestariana
CONVERGENCE: JOURNAL OF GLOBAL DYNAMICS Vol 1 No 2 (2025): Convergence: Journal of Global Dynamics
Publisher : UIN Alauddin Makassar

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Abstract

Energy security is a key issue in international relations. As the world's leading supplier of natural gas, Russia's 2014 initiative to secure energy sector cooperation with China is significant. This study aims to identify the interests behind this collaboration. As a case study, this research applies a hermeneutic approach that provides space for interpretive explanatory analysis. This research integrates document analysis related to the historical, geopolitical, and strategic context surrounding the cooperation. Secondary data from credible sources, both printed and digital ones, are the main references. The results indicate that this cooperation is driven by several key factors. First, Russia has abundant natural gas resources and has the potential to increase state revenue. It needs a committed, large, and stable market. Second, China has an ever-increasing need for energy due to its rapid industrialization. Russian natural gas could meet some of China's energy needs and reduce its dependence on other imported energy supplies. Third, this cooperation also has important political and security dimensions for regional stability and strengthening their position in global geopolitics post Euromaidan Revolution.

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