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Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional (National Public Health Journal)
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 19077505     EISSN : 24600601     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/kesmas
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Public Health
The focus of Kesmas is on public health as discipline and practices related to preventive and promotive measures to enhance the public health through a scientific approach applying a variety of technique. This focus includes areas and scopes such as Biostatistics, Environmental Public Health, Epidemiology, Health Policy, Health Services Research, Nutrition, Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene, Public Health, Public Health Education and Promotion, Women Health.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 9 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 20, No. 3" : 9 Documents clear
Understanding User Needs in Health Crisis Risk Monitoring Information System Development: A Lesson from Tasikmalaya District, Indonesia Iman, Arief Tarmansyah; Kusnanto, Hari; Pertiwi, Ariani Arista Putri
Kesmas Vol. 20, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

A health crisis risk monitoring information system needs to be developed, especially during the pre-disaster phase; therefore, understanding the needs of prospective users is crucial. This study aimed to investigate the needs of potential users regarding the development of this system. This study employed a qualitative, exploratory approach to gather user needs from stakeholders through interviews (n = 7) and one focus group discussion (n = 12). The data were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and then thematically analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The need for information was related to disaster preparedness and its preferred format. The system should be targeted, multiplatform, support multiple users, and easy to access. Features should include fully integration, advanced capabilities, online access, and the ability to generate fast and actionable information. It is essential to have this system for all users. A system must facilitate decision-making at various levels. The system should contain related information in a standardized format, easily accessible through various platforms and by multiple users, and serve as a tool for providing information for risk mitigation, monitoring, and reporting purposes.
Experiences of Elderly Living with Noncommunicable Diseases in Utilizing Health Services in Myanmar During the COVID-19 Pandemic Chei, Nway Eint; Amnatsatsue, Kwanjai; Chansatitporn, Natkamol; Bunngamchairat, Ariya
Kesmas Vol. 20, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic and armed conflicts in Myanmar have intensified the challenges in accessing and utilizing health services, particularly for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) among older adults. This qualitative study explored the experiences of the elderly with NCDs regarding health service accessibility and utilization in secure areas with fully operational health facilities by conducting in-depth interviews with 20 eligible older adults in Myanmar; data were analyzed using content analysis. Four key themes emerged: NCD service utilization patterns; unmet needs; preferences and hesitancy toward NCD services; and disparities, barriers, and opportunities. The findings revealed widespread underutilization of NCD services due to several factors, including geographic inaccessibility, lack of telemedicine, absence of nearby primary health care, inaccessibility of preferred specialists, quality of care issues, high costs, inadequate communication by providers, and insufficient support for healthcare appointments. In conclusion, strengthening elderly-friendly NCD services in Myanmar requires improving accessibility, affordability, care quality, and communication to reduce unmet needs and support healthy aging.
Government Health Spending and Life Expectancy: Evidence from Cities and Districts in Indonesia Sari, Kurnia; Hidayat, Budi; Sjaaf, Amal Chalik; Nadjib, Mardiati
Kesmas Vol. 20, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Life expectancy is widely recognized as a fundamental indicator of population health, and its improvement is often linked to government health spending, particularly in decentralized health systems. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between local government health expenditures and life expectancy in decentralized Indonesia. Data from 492 cities and districts, spanning from 2015 to 2019, were analyzed using a two-way fixed effects regression model to control for time-invariant district characteristics and common temporal shocks. The findings indicated that a 10% increase per capita in government health expenditure was associated with a 0.01% increase in life expectancy. This association was established after adjusting for key health system and contextual variables, including physician density, sanitation coverage, poverty rates, and proportion of fiscal transfers from the central government. The association remained strong and statistically significant across all model parameters. The results demonstrated that increased local health expenditure improves population health outcomes.
Assessment of the Dietary Supplements Effects on Maternal Underweight in Nigeria Chiobi, Chukwuebuka Jude; Chiobi, Uzoamaka Angela; Omeje, Ambrose Nnaemeka; Mobosi, Ikechukwu Andrew; Ugwu, Michael Okike; Ugwu, Nnamdi Simeon
Kesmas Vol. 20, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Maternal underweight continues to rise and, if not properly managed, will lead to increased mortality. This contradicts the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal of reducing maternal mortality by 2050. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the probable effect of dietary supplements on maternal underweight in Nigeria. This study employed probit estimation using the maximum likelihood technique in 2022, with the 2018 Nigeria Demographic Health Survey data as the basis for analysis. The results showed a statistically significant effect of dietary supplements on maternal underweight in Nigeria. The likelihood of dietary supplements impacting maternal underweight was approximately 0.4% lower, on average, for mothers who took dietary supplements compared to those who took non-dietary supplements. That is, maternal underweight could be reduced significantly if mothers were consuming the required dietary supplements during their reproductive ages. This study concludes that the head of household age, wealth index, and mothers’ education level are likely to reduce maternal underweight. In contrast, household size is unlikely to have this effect when mothers take dietary supplements, with a very strong effect.
Exploring Stunting in South Kalimantan Province Using R Programming-Based Data Visualization Hudaya, Muhammad; Nor, Wahyudin; Yuliastina, Mellani; Nordiansyah, Muhammad
Kesmas Vol. 20, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

South Kalimantan Province continues to face the challenge of relatively high stunting prevalence despite being endowed with abundant coal resources that could serve as a source of funding for public health. Therefore, this study aimed to examine differences in stunting prevalence among cities, mining districts, and non-mining districts in South Kalimantan to raise stakeholder awareness of disparities across these regional types. This study was conducted between April and December 2024, using secondary data obtained from the Indonesian Ministry of Health and the South Kalimantan Provincial Government. R programming was used to process the data, generate visualizations, and perform analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD) tests. Following the significant ANOVA result, Tukey’s HSD test was conducted to identify specific regional pairs that differed significantly following the ANOVA result. The results showed that cities had significantly lower mean stunting prevalence than non-mining districts (p-value0.05). Additionally, no significant difference was observed between mining and non-mining districts (p-value >0.05). In conclusion, abundant coal resources in mining districts have not translated into more effective stunting reduction efforts.
Access to Information on Toddler Family Development Program and Family Participation in Child Growth and Development Dhammayanti, Dita; Simbolon, Demsa; Ervina, Lissa; Fauzi, Yusran
Kesmas Vol. 20, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The comprehension of the Toddler Family Development (TFD) Program among families in Indonesia remains limited, likely due to insufficient access to information and low participation rates. Limited participation can negatively affect a family’s ability to support optimal child growth and development. This study examined the relationship between access to information on the TFD Program and family participation in child growth and development. Using secondary data from the 2019 Program Performance and Accountability Survey in Indonesia, the cross-sectional analysis included 21,497 respondents. The results revealed an association between access to information on the TFD Program and family participation in child growth and development (OR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.34–1.75). Families with limited access to TFD program information were 1.5 times more likely not to engage in child growth and development and parenting activities. Engaging in the TFD Program can help parents with the better growth and development of their children under the age of five.
Has Regional Hospital Autonomy Achieved Its Goals? Lessons Learned from Indonesia: A Systematic Review Basabih, Masyitoh; Widhakuswara, Indriaswari
Kesmas Vol. 20, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

This study examined the impact of hospital autonomy implementation on the performance of regional public hospitals in Indonesia, particularly in terms of efficiency, effectiveness, and governance. A systematic review of 32 peer-reviewed studies published between June 12 and September 6, 2023, was conducted using Garba Rujukan Digital and Google Scholar, following PRISMA guidelines. Studies addressing financial performance, service outcomes, and challenges related to implementing autonomy were included. The findings indicated that while autonomy led to improvements in infrastructure, service types, visit volumes, and hospital revenues, it had only a marginal impact on improving key health performance outcomes, such as service efficiency, effectiveness, and overall quality, suggesting the core goals of autonomy had not yet been fully achieved. Key barriers included weak policy capacity, inadequate governance structures, and limited human resources. Unlike centrally managed hospitals, the success of regional hospital autonomy is significantly shaped by local institutional arrangements and the broader decentralization framework, which together influence hospitals’ capacity to manage their operations effectively.
Low Economic Level and the Risk of Overweight Among Indonesian Junior and Senior High School Students Nugroho, Ariyanto; Setiyo Nugroho, Purwo; Yudhana, Amarin; Sunarti, Sri
Kesmas Vol. 20, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Overweight and obesity among Indonesian adolescents have emerged as a pressing public health issue, reflecting global trends. This study examines the relationship between economic status and overweight prevalence among junior and senior high school students in Indonesia, using secondary data from the Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS). This study analyzed data from 9,977 students aged 11–18 years through a cross-sectional design and binary logistic regression, adjusting for dietary habits, physical activity, and sedentary behavior. Overall, 14.7% of students were overweight; the prevalence was notably higher among low-income students (27.4%) compared to high-income groups (14.2%). Students from lower economic backgrounds were 1.374 times more likely to be overweight (95% confidence Interval (CI): 1.011–1.867). Although many reported healthy behaviors, including regular fruit and vegetable consumption and participation in physical education, sedentary lifestyles and limited access to nutritious food remained significant challenges for low-income adolescents. These results highlight the complex interplay between economic status, health behaviors, and environmental factors, highlighting the need for targeted, equity-focused interventions to address disparities and curb obesity in Indonesia’s youth.
Barriers to Implementing Comprehensive Sexuality Education as a Strategy to Prevent Adolescent Pregnancy in Indramayu District, Indonesia Kurnaesih, Een; Herbawani, Chahya Kharin; Febriani, Nelly
Kesmas Vol. 20, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The implementation of comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) is not optimal. This qualitative study aimed to identify and contextualize barriers to CSE implementation, specifically in Indramayu District, Indonesia. Conventional content analysis procedures were used. Seven participants, consisting of relevant authorities, were interviewed. A purposive sampling technique was employed to select participants. Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews. All interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using conventional qualitative content analysis. The barriers to CSE implementation in Indramayu District were identified across five themes: advocacy, technical considerations, coordination and collaboration, integration with other sexual and reproductive health projects, and access beyond school, highlighting the need for improved coordination, targeted outreach, and curriculum development to address these challenges and enhance program effectiveness.

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