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Andi Musthafa Husain
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SiRad: Pelita Wawasan
Published by Yayasan Nurul Musthafa
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30905591     DOI : https://doi.org/10.64728/sirad.v1i1.art1
Core Subject : Religion, Education, Social,
Religion Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
The name "SiRad" is an abbreviation of Pelita Wawasan, which translates as "The Light of Insight" a symbol of enlightenment in the world of knowledge. The term also draws inspiration from the Arabic word siraj (siraj), meaning lamp or light, as mentioned in the Quran as a symbol of illumination. In the context of this journal, SiRad represents an intellectual beacon that sheds light on academic discourse and social transformation. Jurnal SiRad: Pelita Wawasan is an open-access scholarly journal published by Yayasan Nurul Musthafa. This journal focuses on the publication of research articles, literature reviews, case studies, and conceptual papers that critically address contemporary issues in the fields of education, humanities, and social sciences. This journal serves as a platform for advancing transformative thinking, interdisciplinary approaches, and critical reflection on the dynamics of education, culture, society, and public policy. Topics covered by this journal include but are not limited to Education - learning technologies, religious moderation, curriculum innovation; Humanities - cultural studies, communication, history, and Islamic civilization; Social Sciences - public policy, political dynamics, behavioral economics, and the intersection of religion and society. Jurnal SiRad: Pelita Wawasan is published three times a year in February, June, and October, and is freely accessible to support inclusive and impactful knowledge dissemination.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 56 Documents
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Generative AI for Young Children: New Pathways in Rehabilitation and Development: Kecerdasan Buatan Generatif untuk Anak Usia Dini: Jalur Baru dalam Rehabilitasi dan Perkembangan Rati Sharma
SiRad: Pelita Wawasan June (Vol. 2 No. 2, 2026)
Publisher : Yayasan Nurul Musthafa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64728/sirad.v2i2.art5

Abstract

Early childhood is a critical golden period for development; however, children experiencing neurodevelopmental delays often face late diagnosis and limited access to traditional face-to-face rehabilitation, particularly in low-resource settings like Nepal. This qualitative study employs a narrative interpretative approach to explore the potential of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) in supporting early childhood development and rehabilitation. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews, classroom observations, and interactive workshops with a purposively sampled group of teachers, parents, and therapists. The thematic analysis reveals that Generative AI offers transformative opportunities across five core domains: acting as a patient digital conversational partner to boost speech and language skills ; transforming physical exercises into playful experiences using motion-based games and augmented reality (AR) ; facilitating adaptive cognitive growth through real-time adjusted problem-solving challenges ; coaching socio-emotional learning via safe virtual role-playing scenarios ; and breaking distance barriers through home-based tele-rehabilitation platforms. Nevertheless, stakeholders express vital ethical and practical concerns, including child data privacy risks, the dangerous impact of systemic inaccuracies, digital divides driven by limited hardware access, and the risk of reducing essential human touch. This study concludes that technology must never substitute human warmth, empathy, or love; instead, AI should complement human efforts under a "shared caregiving" model controlled by adults. The implications highlight the urgent need to equip educators with leadership skills, empower parents as co-creators of learning environments, and establish rigorous ethical and policy frameworks to ensure AI deployment remains safe, equitable, and child-centered. [Masa anak usia dini merupakan periode emas yang krusial bagi perkembangan anak , namun anak-anak dengan gangguan neuroperkembangan sering kali menghadapi keterlambatan diagnosis dan keterbatasan akses terhadap rehabilitasi konvensional berbasis tatap muka, khususnya di wilayah dengan sumber daya terbatas seperti Nepal. Penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan naratif interpretatif ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi potensi pemanfaatan Artificial Intelligence (AI) Generatif dalam mendukung perkembangan dan rehabilitasi anak usia dini. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara semistruktur, observasi kelas, dan lokakarya interaktif yang melibatkan guru, orang tua, dan terapis melalui teknik purposive sampling. Hasil analisis tematik menunjukkan bahwa AI Generatif menawarkan peluang besar pada lima domain utama: bertindak sebagai mitra bicara digital yang sabar untuk mendukung kemampuan bahasa ; mentransformasi terapi fisik menjadi permainan interaktif berbasis sensor gerak dan augmented reality (AR) ; memfasilitasi stimulasi kognitif adaptif melalui teka-teki yang menyesuaikan kemampuan anak secara real-time ; melatih aspek sosio-emosional lewat skenario bermain peran virtual yang aman ; serta memperluas jangkauan tele-rehabilitasi bagi keluarga di area terpencil. Kendati demikian, antusiasme ini dibayangi oleh tantangan etis dan praktis yang signifikan, termasuk masalah kerahasiaan data anak , risiko ketidakakuratan output sistem , kesenjangan digital akibat keterbatasan perangkat , serta kekhawatiran berkurangnya interaksi manusia. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa AI Generatif tidak boleh menggantikan hubungan emosional, melainkan harus diposisikan sebagai komplemen (shared caregiving) di bawah pengawasan orang dewasa. Implikasi penelitian menekankan urgensi pelatihan kepemimpinan bagi pendidik , pelibatan aktif orang tua sebagai mitra ko-kreator , dan perumusan kebijakan yang mendukung pemanfaatan teknologi secara inklusif, aman, dan tepat sasaran.]
An Analytical Study of Consumer Rights Based on the International and Afghan Legal Systems: Studi Analitis tentang Hak-Hak Konsumen Berdasarkan Sistem Hukum Internasional dan Afganistan Marhamat Jalal; Abdul Haq Jalal
SiRad: Pelita Wawasan June (Vol. 2 No. 2, 2026)
Publisher : Yayasan Nurul Musthafa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64728/sirad.v2i2.art9

Abstract

Legal systems worldwide increasingly prioritize consumer rights, categorizing them as fundamental human rights within global instruments and national constitutions. This study aims to analyze the alignment of consumer rights between international legal frameworks and the Afghan national legal system. This research employs a library-based, qualitative, and analytical approach. Data were gathered by examining international human rights instruments alongside Afghanistan’s domestic regulations, notably the Consumer Rights Protection Law and the Constitution. The findings indicate that while consumer rights are firmly recognized as fundamental human rights globally, their integration into the Afghan legal framework faces practical challenges. Although Afghanistan possesses adequate statutory protections, actual enforcement remains severely limited due to weak administrative capacity, lack of independent oversight, and low public awareness. In conclusion, the Afghan legal system requires significant institutional capacity building and public education to ensure that consumer rights are protected not only in legislation but also in practice. [Sistem hukum di seluruh dunia semakin memprioritaskan hak-hak konsumen dan mengategorikannya sebagai hak asasi manusia yang fundamental dalam instrumen global dan konstitusi nasional. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keselarasan hak-hak konsumen antara kerangka hukum internasional dan sistem hukum nasional Afganistan.  Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan analitis berbasis studi pustaka. Data dikumpulkan dengan mengkaji instrumen hak asasi manusia internasional serta regulasi domestik Afganistan, khususnya Undang-Undang Perlindungan Hak Konsumen dan Konstitusi. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa meskipun hak konsumen secara tegas diakui sebagai hak asasi manusia secara global, integrasinya ke dalam kerangka hukum Afganistan menghadapi tantangan praktis. Walaupun Afganistan memiliki perlindungan undang-undang yang memadai, penegakan hukum aktualnya masih sangat terbatas akibat lemahnya kapasitas administratif, kurangnya pengawasan independen, dan rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat. Sebagai kesimpulan, sistem hukum Afganistan memerlukan peningkatan kapasitas institusional dan edukasi publik yang signifikan untuk memastikan bahwa hak-hak konsumen dilindungi tidak hanya secara hukum, tetapi juga dalam praktik.]
Leadership Challenges in Nigeria, Africa, and Globally: Tantangan Kepemimpinan di Nigeria, Afrika, dan Global Nura Umar Manya Manya
SiRad: Pelita Wawasan June (Vol. 2 No. 2, 2026)
Publisher : Yayasan Nurul Musthafa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64728/sirad.v2i2.art10

Abstract

Leadership remains one of the most critical determinants of governance effectiveness, institutional performance, and sustainable development across the world. Despite numerous political and administrative reforms, many countries continue to experience persistent challenges associated with corruption, weak institutions, economic instability, technological disruption, insecurity, and declining public trust. This study examined leadership challenges in Nigeria, Africa, and the global community within the context of 2026. Adopting a comparative qualitative research design, the study relied on secondary data obtained from scholarly literature, policy documents, and reports from international organizations such as the United Nations, International Monetary Fund, World Bank, and African Union. The analysis was guided by transformational leadership theory and institutional theory. Findings revealed that global leadership is increasingly challenged by artificial intelligence, climate change, economic uncertainty, and democratic polarization. In Africa, leadership effectiveness continues to be constrained by institutional fragility, economic dependency, and governance deficits. Specifically in Nigeria, persistent issues such as corruption, prebendal politics, ethno-religious divisions, youth exclusion, and weak public institutions remain significant barriers. The study concludes that meaningful progress requires a combination of transformational leadership, institutional strengthening, merit-based political recruitment, and active citizen participation. [Kepemimpinan tetap menjadi salah satu penentu paling kritis terhadap efektivitas pemerintahan, kinerja institusional, dan pembangunan berkelanjutan di seluruh dunia. Terlepas dari berbagai reformasi politik dan administratif, banyak negara terus mengalami tantangan yang berkaitan dengan korupsi, institusi yang lemah, ketidakstabilan ekonomi, disrupsi teknologi, ketidakamanan, dan menurunnya kepercayaan publik. Studi ini menelaah tantangan kepemimpinan di Nigeria, Afrika, dan komunitas global dalam konteks tahun 2026. Dengan mengadopsi desain penelitian kualitatif komparatif, studi ini mengandalkan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari literatur ilmiah, dokumen kebijakan, serta laporan dari organisasi internasional seperti Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa, Dana Moneter Internasional, Bank Dunia, dan Uni Afrika. Analisis ini dipandu oleh teori kepemimpinan transformasional dan teori institusional. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan global semakin ditantang oleh kecerdasan buatan, perubahan iklim, ketidakpastian ekonomi, dan polarisasi demokrasi. Di Afrika, efektivitas kepemimpinan terus dibatasi oleh kerapuhan institusional, ketergantungan ekonomi, dan defisit pemerintahan. Secara khusus di Nigeria, masalah persisten seperti korupsi, politik prebendal, perpecahan etno-religius, eksklusi pemuda, dan institusi publik yang lemah tetap menjadi hambatan signifikan. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa kemajuan yang bermakna membutuhkan kombinasi kepemimpinan transformasional, penguatan institusi, rekrutmen politik berbasis prestasi, dan partisipasi warga yang aktif. ]
Livelihood Transformation among Hilsa Fishing Households in South Govindia Village, Chandpur District, Bangladesh.: Transformasi Penghidupan pada Rumah Tangga Nelayan Hilsa di Desa Govindia Selatan, Distrik Chandpur, Bangladesh. Md. Hasan Khan; Dr. Md. Ruhul Amin; Md. Nur Uddin Hossain; Md. Al Amin; Tahmina Akter
SiRad: Pelita Wawasan June (Vol. 2 No. 2, 2026)
Publisher : Yayasan Nurul Musthafa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64728/sirad.v2i2.art11

Abstract

The Hilsa fishery has long underpinned livelihoods and local trade in South Govindia Village, Chandpur District, but recent socio-environmental shifts are reshaping household economies. This study specifically investigates how ecological pressures and market–institutional factors drive a transition from Hilsa-dependent livelihoods toward diversified income strategies among fishing households. Between January and June 2024, we used a mixed-methods design: a stratified random household survey of 210 fishing households, 12 key informant interviews, four focus group discussions, and participant observation; quantitative data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics and qualitative data through thematic coding. Findings cluster into two main themes: (1) ecological–production stress, evidenced by declining catches, seasonal fishing bans, and climate-related river changes that reduce household fishing income; and (2) market–institutional vulnerabilities, including dependence on intermediaries, limited market bargaining power, and inadequate, short-term compensation that together increase indebtedness and push households toward nonfishing income sources (wage labor, small trade, migration, and aquaculture). Women’s growing role in supplementary activities partly cushions income loss but does not fully offset structural insecurity. The study contributes empirical evidence of a livelihood shift from mono-dependent fishing to diversified survival strategies and argues that targeted, integrated policies—linking cooperative marketing, access to credit, and participatory fisheries governance—are needed to support sustainable economic resilience in Hilsa-dependent communities. [Perikanan Hilsa telah lama menjadi penopang penghidupan dan perdagangan lokal di Desa Govindia Selatan, Distrik Chandpur, namun pergeseran sosial-lingkungan yang terjadi baru-baru ini sedang mengubah ekonomi rumah tangga. Penelitian ini secara khusus menyelidiki bagaimana tekanan ekologis dan faktor-faktor institusional-pasar mendorong transisi dari penghidupan yang bergantung pada Hilsa menuju strategi pendapatan yang beragam di kalangan rumah tangga nelayan. Antara bulan Januari dan Juni 2024, kami menggunakan desain metode campuran: survei rumah tangga acak bertingkat terhadap 210 rumah tangga nelayan, 12 wawancara informan kunci, empat diskusi kelompok terpumpun (FGD), dan observasi partisipan; data kuantitatif dianalisis dengan statistik deskriptif dan inferensial serta data kualitatif melalui pengodean tematik. Temuan mengelompok ke dalam dua tema utama: (1) tekanan produksi-ekologis, dibuktikan dengan menurunnya hasil tangkapan, larangan menangkap ikan musiman, dan perubahan sungai terkait iklim yang mengurangi pendapatan rumah tangga dari menangkap ikan; serta (2) kerentanan institusional-pasar, termasuk ketergantungan pada perantara, terbatasnya daya tawar pasar, dan kompensasi jangka pendek yang tidak memadai yang secara bersama-sama meningkatkan utang dan mendorong rumah tangga ke arah sumber pendapatan non-perikanan (pekerja upahan, perdagangan kecil, migrasi, dan akuakultur). Peran perempuan yang semakin berkembang dalam aktivitas tambahan sebagian turut meredam hilangnya pendapatan, namun tidak sepenuhnya menutupi ketidakamanan struktural. Studi ini memberikan bukti empiris tentang pergeseran penghidupan dari ketergantungan tunggal pada perikanan menuju strategi bertahan hidup yang beragam dan berargumen bahwa kebijakan yang terarah dan terintegrasi—yang menghubungkan pemasaran kooperatif, akses kredit, dan tata kelola perikanan partisipatif—diperlukan untuk mendukung ketahanan ekonomi yang berkelanjutan di komunitas yang bergantung pada Hilsa.]
The Impact of Guantanamo Bay Detention Practices on Global Human Rights Standards: Dampak Praktik Penahanan Teluk Guantanamo terhadap Standar Hak Asasi Manusia Global Rais Ahmad; Anurag Yadav
SiRad: Pelita Wawasan June (Vol. 2 No. 2, 2026)
Publisher : Yayasan Nurul Musthafa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64728/sirad.v2i2.art12

Abstract

This study examines the impact of detention practices at Guantanamo Bay on global human rights standards. Established by the United States in 2002 following the September 11 terrorist attacks, the facility has become a controversial symbol in the global fight against terrorism. The research aims to analyze the legal framework governing detention, evaluate allegations of human rights violations, and assess the broader implications for international law and human rights norms. Using a doctrinal and analytical methodology, the study reviews international human rights law, humanitarian law, judicial decisions, United Nations reports, and scholarly literature. The findings indicate that practices such as indefinite detention, enhanced interrogation techniques, military commissions, and restrictive detention conditions generated significant legal and ethical concerns regarding due process, torture, and state accountability. The study concludes that while Guantanamo Bay was intended to address national security threats, its practices challenged established human rights principles and significantly influenced international debates on human rights protection and counterterrorism policy. [Studi ini mengkaji dampak praktik penahanan di Teluk Guantanamo terhadap standar hak asasi manusia global. Didirikan oleh Amerika Serikat pada tahun 2002 setelah serangan teroris 11 September, fasilitas ini telah menjadi simbol kontroversial dalam perjuangan global melawan terorisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kerangka hukum yang mengatur penahanan, mengevaluasi dugaan pelanggaran hak asasi manusia, dan menilai implikasi yang lebih luas terhadap hukum internasional dan norma hak asasi manusia. Menggunakan metodologi doktrinal dan analitis, studi ini meninjau hukum hak asasi manusia internasional, hukum humaniter, putusan pengadilan, laporan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa, dan literatur ilmiah. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa praktik-praktik seperti penahanan tanpa batas waktu, teknik interogasi yang ditingkatkan, komisi militer, dan kondisi penahanan yang ketat menimbulkan masalah hukum dan etika yang signifikan mengenai proses hukum, penyiksaan, dan akuntabilitas negara. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa meskipun Teluk Guantanamo dimaksudkan untuk mengatasi ancaman keamanan nasional, praktik-praktiknya menantang prinsip-prinsip hak asasi manusia yang mapan dan secara signifikan memengaruhi perdebatan internasional tentang perlindungan hak asasi manusia dan kebijakan kontraterorisme.]
Beyond Scarcity: Falah, Resource Governance, and Socio-Ecological Justice in Islamic Economics Under Extreme Climate Change: Melampaui Kelangkaan: Falah, Tata Kelola Sumber Daya, dan Keadilan Sosial-Ekologis dalam Ekonomi Islam di Tengah Perubahan Iklim Ekstrem Anom Garbo
SiRad: Pelita Wawasan June (Vol. 2 No. 2, 2026)
Publisher : Yayasan Nurul Musthafa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64728/sirad.v2i2.art13

Abstract

This article examines how Islamic economics can reframe resource scarcity, climate vulnerability, and socio-ecological justice under conditions of extreme climate change. It argues that scarcity should not be understood merely as a technical imbalance between limited resources and expanding needs, but also as a moral and institutional failure in governing water, land, food, energy, finance, and intergenerational responsibility. Using a narrative literature review, the study synthesizes scholarship on falah, maqasid al-Shariah, Islamic environmental ethics, Islamic social finance, green sukuk, Shariah governance, green banking, and community-based resilience. The reviewed literature was selected through a purposive and snowballing process that prioritized peer-reviewed conceptual and empirical studies relevant to Islamic economics, sustainability, and climate justice. The findings show that falah provides a critical counter-concept to growth-centered development because it links material welfare with spiritual accountability, social justice, ecological balance, and future-oriented stewardship. Recent empirical studies also indicate that Islamic financial institutions still face a gap between sustainability disclosure, Shariah governance, and measurable environmental performance. The article contributes by clarifying the methodological basis of the review, strengthening the empirical grounding of the argument, and offering practical recommendations for regulators, Islamic banks, Shariah supervisory boards, zakat and waqf institutions, educators, and community organizations. [Artikel ini mengkaji bagaimana ekonomi Islam dapat membingkai ulang persoalan kelangkaan sumber daya, kerentanan terhadap perubahan iklim, dan keadilan sosial-ekologis dalam kondisi perubahan iklim yang ekstrem. Artikel ini berargumen bahwa kelangkaan tidak seharusnya dipahami semata-mata sebagai ketidakseimbangan teknis antara keterbatasan sumber daya dan meningkatnya kebutuhan, tetapi juga sebagai kegagalan moral dan kelembagaan dalam mengelola air, lahan, pangan, energi, keuangan, serta tanggung jawab antargenerasi. Dengan menggunakan metode narrative literature review, penelitian ini mensintesis berbagai kajian mengenai falah, maqasid al-Shariah, etika lingkungan Islam, keuangan sosial Islam, green sukuk, tata kelola syariah, green banking, dan ketahanan berbasis masyarakat. Literatur yang ditelaah dipilih melalui proses purposive dan snowballing, dengan memprioritaskan studi konseptual dan empiris yang telah melalui proses peer review serta relevan dengan ekonomi Islam, keberlanjutan, dan keadilan iklim. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa falah menawarkan konsep tandingan yang penting terhadap paradigma pembangunan yang berpusat pada pertumbuhan ekonomi karena menghubungkan kesejahteraan material dengan akuntabilitas spiritual, keadilan sosial, keseimbangan ekologis, dan tanggung jawab pengelolaan sumber daya yang berorientasi pada masa depan. Berbagai studi empiris terkini juga menunjukkan bahwa lembaga keuangan syariah masih menghadapi kesenjangan antara pengungkapan keberlanjutan, tata kelola syariah, dan kinerja lingkungan yang dapat diukur secara nyata. Artikel ini memberikan kontribusi dengan memperjelas landasan metodologis tinjauan pustaka yang digunakan, memperkuat dasar empiris dari argumentasi yang dibangun, serta menawarkan rekomendasi praktis bagi regulator, bank syariah, dewan pengawas syariah, lembaga zakat dan wakaf, pendidik, serta organisasi masyarakat.]

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