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INDONESIA
RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa
Published by Universitas Warmadewa
ISSN : 24069019     EISSN : 24430668     DOI : 10.22225
Core Subject : Education,
Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media
RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa, 2406-9019 (Print ISSN), 2443-0668 (Electronic ISSN) is the Journal of Linguistics who published research articles and of theoretical articles in linguistic science which published by Linguistic Department, Postgraduated Program, Universitas Warmadewa. The journal is published twice a year every April and October published by Warmadewa Press. This journal encompasses original research articles, review articles, and short communications, including: Morphology Syntax Phonology Semantic Pragmatic Language Typology Discourse Analysis Translation Comparative Linguistics History Linguistic Anthropology Linguistic Ecology Applied Linguistic Language Learning
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Bahasa dan Linguistik
Articles 438 Documents
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Analysis of Politeness in the Language of Jumbo Film as an Alternative Teaching Material for the Use of Magic Words Putri Azhar Nurfadillah; Deni Wardana; Farid Rizqi Maulana
RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Ilmu Linguistik Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/jr.12.2.2026.228-242

Abstract

Language politeness plays a vital role in shaping students character and communication competence, particularly in the use of magic words such as please, sorry, excuse me, and thank you. While prior studies have examined politeness across various audiovisual media, research on magic words has largely remained confined to direct classroom interaction, and no study has yet linked politeness analysis in Indonesian animated films to the explicit teaching of magic words. Addressing this gap, the present study offers a novel contribution by analyzing forms of linguistic politeness in the Indonesian animated film Jumbo, with specific attention to magic words, and by examining its relevance as alternative teaching material for elementary school students. Employing a pragmatic method with a synchronic approach, data were collected through listening and note-taking techniques applied to characters' dialogue, yielding 39 utterances containing pragmatically significant politeness markers as the unit of analysis, subsequently classified according to Leech's six maxims: tact, generosity, appreciation, modesty, agreement, and sympathy. The maxims of tact, generosity, appreciation, and sympathy occurred most frequently (7 utterances each), followed by agreement (6) and modesty (5), indicating that the film's dialogue foregrounds empathy, respect, and cooperation among characters. These findings, together with the recurrent use of magic words in socially situated interactions, support the Jumbo film's pedagogical potential as a contextual resource for cultivating polite language habits among elementary school students, a potential whose instructional effectiveness remains to be empirically tested in future research.
From Text to Image: A Semiotic Analysis of Second-Hand Embarrassment in Tiktok Comments Ni Kadek Rani Widayanti; Desak Putu Eka Pratiwi
RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Ilmu Linguistik Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/jr.12.2.2026.183-195

Abstract

Social media comment sections have become important multimodal spaces where users communicate emotions and evaluations through the combination of written language and visual elements. Although previous studies have examined multimodal communication in TikTok comments, most have focused on humor, sarcasm, cyberbullying, or visual language, while the semiotic construction of second-hand embarrassment remains underexplored. Therefore, this study aims to identify the verbal and visual signs found in TikTok comments and analyze how these signs construct the meaning of second-hand embarrassment. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach by analyzing ten purposively selected comments responding to a Stranger Cat Official TikTok video that recompiles several older, previously well-received clips into a single upload, using Saussure's theory of the sign and Barthes' theory of signification. The findings reveal that verbal signs alone rarely communicate second-hand embarrassment explicitly; instead, their meanings are completed and reinforced by accompanying visual signs, including memes, reaction images, stickers, and photographs. At the denotative level, the comments and images describe observable reactions to the video, whereas at the connotative level they construct meanings of vicarious discomfort through irony, exaggeration, avoidance, bodily responses, and symbolic visual expressions. The study concludes that second-hand embarrassment in TikTok comment sections is constructed through the interaction of verbal and visual signs, demonstrating that emotional expression in social media is fundamentally multimodal and cannot be fully interpreted by analyzing either mode independently.
Lexical and Semantical Precision: Novice Vs Professional Simultaneous Interpreters Putu Desi Anggerina Hikmaharyanti; Priska Meilasari
RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Ilmu Linguistik Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/jr.12.2.2026.262-272

Abstract

This study investigates the lexical and semantic precision of Indonesian–English simultaneous interpreting performed by novice and professional interpreters. The research focuses on how accurately interpreters transfer lexical items, technical terms, propositions, and intended meanings from the Indonesian source speech into English. The data consists of one Indonesian source text and six English interpreting outputs produced by three novice interpreters and three professional interpreters. The source text discusses borders, the speaker’s experience in North Korea, the Timor-Leste-Indonesia border, military life, geodesy, and the political dimension of coordinate positions. This study applies a descriptive qualitative method with comparative error analysis. The Indonesian source text and the English interpreting outputs were segmented into meaning units and compared to identify lexical and semantic inaccuracies. The findings show that novice interpreters produced more frequent and more severe lexical and semantic inaccuracies than professional interpreters. The novice group tended to struggle with technical terms, political concepts, and complex propositions, while the professional group generally preserved the main meaning more successfully, although some lexical slips and semantic generalizations were still found. The study contributes to the development of interpreting training in the case of lexical-semantic accuracy and fluency. Future research is advised to examine lexical-semantic accuracy in different interpreting mode and language pairs.
English Grammatical Choices in Constructing Identity in Indonesian EFL Students’ Self-Introduction Writing: Transitivity Analysis I Gede Neil Prajamukti Wardhana; Ni Luh Desy Suari Dewi
RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Ilmu Linguistik Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/jr.12.2.2026.243-249

Abstract

Grammar in EFL writing can be examined not only as a matter of accuracy but also as a resource for constructing meaning and identity. Although Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) has been widely applied to student writing, recent studies have concentrated mainly on academic, exposition, recount, and report genres, while written self-introduction texts produced by non-English-major university students remain relatively underexplored. This study investigates how Indonesian EFL students construct personal, educational, and future-oriented identities through grammatical choices in self-introduction writing. Drawing on Matthiessen’s transitivity system(Matthiessen & Teruya, 2023), the study adopts a qualitative text-analysis design with descriptive frequency support. Student texts are segmented into clauses and coded for process types, participants, and circumstances, followed by interpretation of the experiential meanings associated with identity domains. A preliminary reading of the sample text indicates that relational processes are used to define personal attributes, material processes represent educational experience and projected action, and mental processes express preferences and aspirations. The study therefore treats grammar as a meaning-making resource rather than as a catalogue of errors. The findings are expected to contribute to functional grammar research and to the teaching of English for non-English-major university students by showing how clause-level choices shape self-representation.
Directive Speech Acts as a Reflection of Intercharacter Relationships in Naguib Mahfouz’s Short Story Al-Hubb Wal-Qina' Nur Salwa Aryantika; Moch. Sony Fauzi
RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Ilmu Linguistik Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/jr.12.2.2026.283-296

Abstract

This study aims to identify the forms of directive speech acts and explain how they reflect intercharacter relationships in Naguib Mahfouz’s short story Al-Hubb Wal-Qina’. Previous studies have examined directive speech acts in terms of their forms and functions, but their role in representing interpersonal dynamics in Arabic short stories warrants further investigation. This study employs descriptive qualitative methods. Data were collected from character utterances through the reading and note-taking technique and analyzed using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña model. Drawing on Searle’s speech act theory, the analysis classifies directive speech acts into commanding, requesting, advising, prohibitioning, and directive questioning. The findings identify 72 directive utterances, comprising 4 commands, 7 requests, 33 instances of advice, 1 prohibition, and 27 directive questions. Advice and directive questions are the most dominant forms, accounting for 45.83% and 37.50% of the data, respectively. Their predominance reflects the central role of guidance, evaluation, information seeking, and value negotiation in interactions between Fathiyah and Labib. Fathiyah frequently assumes the position of an adviser and evaluator, while her questions prompt Labib to explain his attitudes, religious practices, and personal views. However, commands and requests also reveal that authority and dependence shift according to the context and decisions being negotiated. These findings demonstrate that directive speech acts not only convey communicative intentions but also reveal how intercharacter relationships are constructed and negotiated through language.
Contextual English Practices in Public Space: A Descriptive Study of the Content of the ‘English on the Street’ Account on TikTok Puspa Fortuna Zulfa
RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Ilmu Linguistik Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/jr.12.2.2026.273-282

Abstract

This study aims to analyze and describe the use of English in public spaces as represented in videos uploaded to the TikTok account ‘English on the Street’. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected from 30 videos uploaded over the past three months. The analysis involved conversational transcription, data reduction, interpretation, and descriptive note-taking. The research findings revealed that the videos showcase authentic practices such as students, radio announcer, influencer, dentist, and other workers. These interactions highlight the contextual and functional aspects of English in everyday communication, workplace encounters, and cultural explanations. The study concludes that English on the Street content depicts how English is authentically applied in real-life public contexts, resulting in a variety of vocabulary and topics. This content demonstrates TikTok’s potential as a micro-learning medium that supports contextual learning in English language education.
A Plot Analysis of the Series “One Piece” Michael Nicolanes Gracia Baun; Gusti Ayu Made Rai Suarniti; Made Susini
RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Ilmu Linguistik Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/jr.12.2.2026.297-305

Abstract

The title of this research is “A Plot Analysis Of The Series “One Piece”. The research focuses on examining structure and progression of the narrative, identifying major events in the series. This research also follows the use of the conventional Gustav Freytag’s Pyramid as main theories. The theories used in this research are found Gustav Freytag’s Technique of the Drama (1900). It also follows the uses of different types of plot such as linear and flashback. This research consist of analyzing various part from the introduction, rise, climax, fall, and catastrophe. Considering all part from character, settings, conflict, and climax. Throughout the divided part across different episodes. The data were collected through watching the series and analyzing it.
Insulting the Office, Not the Person: Legitimating Critique in an Indonesian Televised Closing Statement Zuhe Safitra; Aceng Ruhendi Saifullah
RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Ilmu Linguistik Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/jr.12.2.2026.250-261

Abstract

Where criticism of a head of state ends and insult begins has become a pressing question in Indonesia since the 2023 Criminal Code reintroduced attacks on presidential dignity as an offence, a provision the Constitutional Court upheld in 2026. Yet discourse studies have mainly classified harsh political language as satire or potential hate speech, and closing statements in televised talk shows remain underexplored. This study examines how a prominent Indonesian public intellectual legitimates insult as critique in his closing statement on a political talk show. Anchored in van Dijk’s socio-cognitive Critical Discourse Analysis and using a qualitative single-case design, the study segmented the verbatim transcript into analytical units, coded them with ten discursive categories, and complemented the coding with analyses of metaphor, code-switching, narrative legitimation, and macrostructure. At their centre is an explicit theory of insult: invoking the “force of the better argument,” the speaker insults the president as an office rather than a person and locates dignity in persons, not offices. Tested against analytic criteria of target, warrant, and function, this distinction is applied unevenly, mitigating rather than eliminating personal abuse. Denial, mitigation, a metaphor of moral filth, and four personal narratives legitimate this stance. Three ideological commitments emerge: democratic openness through a 0% nomination threshold, ethical-intellectual leadership encoded in the triad etikabilitas–intelektualitas–elektabilitas, and institutional accountability through the office–person distinction. The study shows that a closing statement can condense a public theory of critique and offers a discursive complement to legal and forensic assessments of insult.

Page 44 of 44 | Total Record : 438

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