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Multidisciplinary Innovations and Research in Applied Engineering
Published by Akademi Inovasi Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30638720     DOI : https://doi.org/10.70935
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
MIRAE Journal is dedicated to publishing innovative research and reviews in science and technology. We focus on mechanical engineering and product design, industrial and manufacturing engineering, electrical and electronics engineering, computer science and engineering, biomedical engineering, materials science and engineering, Internet of Things (IoT) and smart systems, and renewable energy and sustainability. Our goal is to advance understanding and provide multidisciplinary solutions to contemporary challenges in these fields, leveraging the intersection of disciplines and fostering innovation. Scope: 1. Mechanical Engineering and Product Design: Mechanical systems design, robotics, thermal systems, fluid dynamics, and product design engineering. 2. Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering: Advanced manufacture, operations research, logistics, supply chain management, human factors engineering, industrial management, and commercialization strategies. 3. Electrical and Electronics Engineering: Power systems, renewable energy technologies, circuit design, signal processing, and telecommunication. 4. Computer Science and Engineering: Artificial intelligence, machine learning, cybersecurity, software engineering, and computational theory. 5. Biomedical Engineering: Medical devices, bioinformatics, biomaterials, and healthcare technologies. 6. Materials Science and Engineering: Nanotechnology, smart materials, composite materials, and material characterization. 7. Internet of Things (IoT) and Smart Systems: Industrial IoT, sensor networks, and smart cities. 8. Renewable Energy and Sustainability: Solar energy, wind energy, bioenergy, and energy storage systems.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)
Articles 41 Documents
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Static and Dynamic Performance Evaluation of Three-Wheeled Vehicle Frames Based on Aluminum and High-Grade Steel Using Finite Element Simulation Rahman Yuzif; Andiyanto Andiyanto; baharudin priwintoko
Multidisciplinary Innovations and Research in Applied Engineering Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Akademi Inovasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70935/rfvn0v81

Abstract

The increasing demand for energy efficiency and lightweight transportation has encouraged the development of three-wheeled vehicles with optimized structural frames. This study evaluates the static and dynamic performance of three-wheeled vehicle frames using three high-performance materials Aluminium 7075-T6, S690 steel, and ASTM A572 HSLA 60 steel. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was conducted with Altair HyperWorks to analyze stress distribution, deformation, safety factor, and natural frequency response. Static analysis results indicate that all materials are structurally safe, with S690 steel showing the highest stiffness and safety factor, while Aluminium 7075-T6 provides the greatest strength-to-weight efficiency despite higher deformation. ASTM A572 HSLA 60 offers moderate performance as a cost-effective alternative. Modal analysis reveals similar natural frequency ranges (1.5–3.2 Hz) across all materials, indicating that dynamic behavior is more influenced by geometry than material properties. The findings highlight the trade-off between strength, stiffness, and weight, suggesting Aluminium 7075-T6 as the optimal choice for lightweight and energy-efficient applications, while S690 steel is preferable for heavy-duty requirements. Overall, this research emphasizes a holistic approach in material selection for three-wheeled vehicle frames to balance mechanical strength, vibration characteristics, and energy efficiency.
Comparative Mechanical Performance of FDM-Printed PETG and ABS at Different Infill Percentages Saeful Rofi Romadhon; Baharudin Priwintoko; Wahyu Hidayat; Baskara Surya Widagdo
Multidisciplinary Innovations and Research in Applied Engineering Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Akademi Inovasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70935/y4n8aq82

Abstract

The use of Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) in additive manufacturing requires a material selection strategy that considers not only strength, but also the balance between stiffness, ductility, toughness, and surface resistance. This study evaluates the comparative mechanical performance of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) and Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol (PETG) at 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% infill using FDM printing and performance-map analysis. Specimens were designed according to ASTM standards and printed using the same printer, hexagonal infill pattern, print speed, and build orientation, while material-specific parameters such as extrusion temperature, heated bed temperature, layer height, first-layer height, enclosure, and cooling fan setting were adjusted according to ABS and PETG processing requirements. Mechanical characterization included tensile, flexural, impact, Shore D hardness, and density tests. The highest tensile strength was obtained by PETG at 100% infill, reaching 40.74 MPa, while ABS at the same infill reached 38.72 MPa. PETG also showed the highest elongation at break of 16.16%, flexural strength of 59.51 MPa, and impact strength of 0.053 J/mm². In contrast, ABS produced the highest surface hardness, reaching 84.17 Shore D at 100% infill, compared with 80.42 Shore D for PETG. The density values of both materials increased with infill and became similar at 100% infill, namely 1.00 g/cm³. These findings confirm a clear trade-off between strength, toughness, resilience, and hardness in FDM materials. PETG offers a more balanced mechanical profile for applications that require strength, deformation tolerance, and impact resistance, while ABS remains relevant for applications that prioritize rigidity and surface hardness.
Effect of Flow Rate Variation on Solar Water Heater Performance Baharudin Priwintoko; Agus Lutanto; Yusuf Subagyo; Saeful Romadhon; Agus Prasetyo
Multidisciplinary Innovations and Research in Applied Engineering Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Akademi Inovasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70935/nrhaqe41

Abstract

Solar energy potential in Indonesia is very large, yet its utilization for daily thermal needs still requires improvement through simple, economical, and efficient collector designs. This study analyzes the effect of fluid flow-rate variation on the performance of a trickle-type solar water heater with a V-shaped collector under local outdoor testing conditions. The novelty of the work lies in the combined evaluation of a V-shaped zinc-sheet absorber, trickle-type flow arrangement, north-facing 30° collector orientation, and practical flow-rate range of 2, 4, 6, and 8 L/min. The outdoor experiment was conducted from 09:00 to 12:00 Western Indonesia Time with repeated field observations for each flow-rate condition. Inlet temperature, outlet temperature, ambient temperature, collector temperature, cover temperature, wind speed, and solar radiation intensity were recorded and processed to determine useful heat gain, heat absorbed by the fluid, collector efficiency, fluid heat-absorption efficiency, and total efficiency. The results show that a lower flow rate produces a greater increase in fluid temperature, but it does not always produce the highest total efficiency. The 4 L/min flow rate provided the best performance, with a total efficiency of 55%, fluid heat-absorption efficiency of 71%, average fluid heat-transfer rate of 559.53 W, and estimated test-period fluid energy of 1678.59 Wh (6.04 MJ) during the 3 h test period. These findings indicate an optimum balance between fluid residence time and mass flow rate in improving solar water heater performance.
Design and Development of a Pneumatically Actuated Gravity Casting Machine for Aluminum Component Manufacturing Nur Wahid Panji Anggoro; Bagus Wicaksono; Sutimin
Multidisciplinary Innovations and Research in Applied Engineering Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Akademi Inovasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70935/dngkz913

Abstract

Gravity casting using permanent metallic molds is widely adopted in small- and medium-scale foundries for producing aluminum components; however, the manual mold assembly and part-removal steps that characterize conventional practice impose physical constraints on cycle consistency, operator ergonomics, and achievable throughput. This paper presents the design and development of a pneumatically actuated Gravity Casting Apparatus Machine intended to overcome these limitations in the production of aluminum motorcycle accessory components at DTech Engineering, Ltd. The design process followed a structured engineering approach comprising problem identification, functional requirement formulation, CAD-based conceptual modeling using Autodesk Fusion 360 learning edition, component and material selection, and mechanical design calculation. The resulting machine integrates eight principal subsystems: a rigid base plate, precision S45C steel rail shafts, a pneumatically driven movable base plate, a two-part permanent mold fabricated from 40 mm iron plate, an automated ejector plate, a pneumatic air cylinder operating at 6 bar, a structural support table, and an electrical control panel with solenoid-based sequencing. Design calculations addressed pneumatic actuator sizing, rail shaft deflection under mold loading, thermal expansion of mold components, and structural safety factors. Material selection was governed by the dual requirement of mechanical rigidity and resistance to thermal deformation from the molten aluminum environment. Implementation of the machine reduced cycle time from 3.0 minutes per part to 1.24 minutes per part, confirming the validity of the design approach. The study provides replicable design guidelines for foundries seeking to modernize gravity casting operations through low-cost pneumatic automation. Quantitatively, the cycle time decreased by 58.7%, from 3.00 min/part to 1.24 min/part, increasing the estimated production capacity from 20.0 to 48.4 parts/h. The selected 100 mm bore and 25 mm rod double-acting cylinder provides theoretical closing and opening forces of 4.71 kN and 4.42 kN, respectively, at 6 bar.
Design, Kinematic Analysis, and Scaled Prototype Validation of a Pneumatic Ejection Mechanism for Supersonic Re-Entry Capsule Testing Alfan Firmansyah Aditya Aditya; Bagus Wicaksono; Akhmad Mukhlisin; Nur Hadi Ardiyanto; Rajni Rizkia Sirat; Muhammad Rafi Akbar Salahudin; Afzalurrohman Abdullah; Alfin Mardiansyah; Muchammad Rifki Sistiawan; Rajib Alamsyah; Rahmat Dani Sulistyo; Ade Firmansyah; Luthfy Iqbal Musthofa; Yoga Aditiya Dwi Syah Putra; Ahmad Yusuf Maulana; Pandu Priyo Jatmiko; Muhammad Thoriq Akmal Aliansyah; Johnson Fernando; Prayogi Dwi Kuncoro; Diah Ayu Suci Kinasih; Fajrul Falah
Multidisciplinary Innovations and Research in Applied Engineering Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Akademi Inovasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70935/epbt3536

Abstract

High-altitude free-flight tests require release mechanisms capable of placing sub-scale re-entry capsules into a clean supersonic freestream while minimizing wake-induced attitude perturbations. This study presents AERO, a compact pneumatic ejection mechanism developed to support NASA SPEED-class capsule-release requirements as a scientific contribution to re-entry testing technology. The method combined wake-clearance interpretation, first-order kinematic sizing, pneumatic force analysis, CAD-based packaging, manufacturability assessment, and scaled prototype testing. A two-projectile-length clearance distance of 1.33 m was adopted, giving a required initial velocity of 5.11 m/s for a 0.5 s separation target. The full-scale analytical model predicted an ejection velocity of 5.2 m/s and a 0.44 s separation time at 0.5 MPa; increasing the operating pressure to 1.5 MPa increased the velocity to 9.7 m/s and reduced the separation time to 0.15 s. A 30% scale prototype using a 32 g Genesis Firefly capsule model showed a pressure-dependent height response, increasing from 63.0 cm at 0.2 MPa to 136.8 cm at 0.6 MPa. These findings provide analytical and scaled-prototype evidence that a pressure-tunable pneumatic architecture with a balancing hugger can support rapid, repeatable, and geometry-adaptable capsule ejection; flight-representative performance remains to be validated.
Design, Kinematic Analysis, and Scaled Prototype Validation of a Pneumatic Ejection Mechanism for Supersonic Re-Entry Capsule Testing Ahmad Samsul Arbai; Azzahra Nazwa Asyifa; Rajni Rizkia Sirat; Johnson Fernando; Rahmat Dani Sulistyo; Fajrul Falah
Multidisciplinary Innovations and Research in Applied Engineering Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Akademi Inovasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70935/k0qrps35

Abstract

Lunar rover wheels must combine low mass, traction, compliance, abrasion resistance, and maintainability under vacuum, thermal cycling, and unconsolidated regolith. This study develops and evaluates an adaptive traction rover wheel for lunar surface mobility applications. The method combined requirement definition, terramechanics-based grouser sizing, material selection, CAD-based structural packaging, finite element evaluation, manufacturability assessment, and service-life estimation. The proposed wheel uses a two-piece Ti-6Al-4V rim, ten alternating compliant titanium spokes, ten 27 mm V-shaped grousers, a 6061-T6 aluminum hub, riveted mechanical joints, and Cr3C2-NiCr HVOF coating on soil-contact surfaces. The design achieved a diameter of 0.457 m, a width of 0.203 m, and a total mass of 2.254 kg. Linear-elastic structural screening indicated that the wheel supported a nominal normal load of 256 N with a factor of safety of approximately 2 based on a minimum Ti-6Al-4V yield-strength criterion of 828 MPa. The 3 g impact screening case produced a local peak von Mises stress of approximately 900 MPa, exceeding this conservative yield criterion and therefore requiring nonlinear analysis and experimental validation. Traction capability, wear resistance, and 1,000 km service-life estimates are analytical projections derived from geometry and wear modeling, not fully validated operational performance. The proposed architecture is therefore a lightweight, repairable, and traction-oriented wheel concept requiring targeted laboratory validation before mission use.
Service-Life Analysis and Effect of Grease Lubrication on Wear of ASB 6302-2RS Ball Bearing in the AST-MPV Machine Rilo Chandra Muhamadin; Ilham Arifin Pahlawan; Alviani Hesthi Permata Ningtyas; Gilang Taufiqu Rachman; Baharudin Priwintoko; Fariz Wisda Nugraha; Yusuf Subagyo; Mohammad Rizqi Abdul Basyith
Multidisciplinary Innovations and Research in Applied Engineering Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Akademi Inovasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70935/e9ymyr07

Abstract

Bearings are critical elements for supporting shaft rotation in industrial equipment. In the AST-MPV detergent-packaging machine at PT. X, ASB 6302-2RS bearings frequently experience jamming because of detergent-dust contamination. This study analyzed bearing service life and evaluated, as an initial comparative observation, the effect of additional grease under detergent-water exposure. The analytical stage used rotational speed, load conversion, dynamic equivalent load, and nominal bearing-life calculation with standardized N and kN units. The experimental stage compared two specimens: bearing A with manually applied Black Grease NLGI 3 LA and bearing B without additional grease. Both specimens were immersed in a 2 kg detergent and 1 L water mixture for five days, rotated at 1000 rpm for 30 min and 1500 rpm for 30 min, and measured using caliper and dial indicator. The corrected spring deflection was 0.006 m, and the calculated service life was 3479.1223 h at 1930 rpm. Additional grease reduced radius wear from 0.52 mm to 0.13 mm and outer-diameter wear from 0.10 mm to 0.03 mm. These findings suggest that scheduled grease lubrication may reduce wear in detergent-contaminated environments, although replicated testing is required.
Failure Analysis of a Rear-Sprocket Mounting (Nap Gear) Bolt in a 145 cc Motorcycle Ambo Ardy Pranowo; Andiyanto Andiyanto; Ruben Sanilo; Hammam Abdirrazzaq Ats Tsaqif
Multidisciplinary Innovations and Research in Applied Engineering Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Akademi Inovasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70935/mdt14h15

Abstract

Rear-sprocket mounting bolts, referred to in this study as nap gear bolts, transmit torque from the rear sprocket assembly to the wheel hub through the damper/bushing interface and may experience repeated transverse shear and bending loads. This study investigates the fracture of a rear-sprocket mounting (nap gear) bolt from a 145 cc motorcycle to determine its material characteristics, fracture mechanism, and mechanical cause of failure. The investigation combined macro-fractographic observation, spark-emission chemical composition testing, optical metallography, Vickers microhardness testing, and finite element analysis of a three-dimensional bolt model. The measured chemistry was consistent with the SAE 1015 low-carbon steel composition range, with 0.137 wt.% C and a ferrite-pearlite microstructure; however, the grade designation is reported as a chemical-consistency assessment rather than a mill-certified material identification. No abnormal microstructural difference or surface-hardening layer was observed between the failed and intact bolts. The hardness values were 179-190 HV0.5 for the failed bolt and 169-183 HV0.5 for the intact bolt. Fractography identified a proposed crack-initiation region, a crack-propagation region with beachmark-like macroscopic features, and a final-fracture region. Finite element analysis predicted a local maximum stress intensity, defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum principal stresses, of 529.6 MPa at the fracture location; the corresponding maximum shear stress was 264.8 MPa. The failure is therefore attributed to fatigue initiated at a stress-concentrated region, while the available evidence does not indicate that material selection or gross metallurgical abnormality was the primary cause.
Preliminary Thermo-Mechanical Assessment of a Pneumatically Actuated Permanent-Mold Gravity-Casting Apparatus Nur Wahid Panji Anggoro; Sutimin Sutimin; Bagus Wicaksono
Multidisciplinary Innovations and Research in Applied Engineering Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Akademi Inovasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70935/g4vgw180

Abstract

Low-cost automation of permanent-mold gravity casting requires adequate actuator capacity, guide stiffness, and accommodation of differential thermal growth. This study presents a preliminary analytical assessment of a compact, pneumatically actuated permanent-mold gravity-casting apparatus. The assessment uses documented geometry and conservative screening assumptions for a 100 mm-bore double-acting cylinder at 0.60 MPa, a 25 mm piston rod, two 40 mm S45C guide shafts over a 0.60 m span, locally procured bronze sleeve bushings, and a ferrous mold plate that is 40 mm thick with a 0.40 m axial characteristic length. For horizontal translation, the force model excludes the full assembly weight from the cylinder-axis resistance and includes guide friction (μ = 0.15), 100 N ejector-spring resistance, a 200 N unmeasured process allowance, and a design factor of 2. The resulting factored demand is 0.748 kN. The extension and retraction load ratios are 0.159 and 0.169 relative to theoretical cylinder output, below the 0.50 guideline used for dynamic cylinder selection. The idealized guide-shaft model predicts 0.045 mm deflection and 5.97 MPa bending stress. Nominal thermal growth is 1.20 mm for the 0.40 m mold dimension and 0.44 mm for the 0.80 m rail length under assumed temperature rises, leaving a nominal 0.80 mm margin against a 2.0 mm drawing allowance before tolerance effects. Because the mold grade, bronze alloy, as-built clearance, stroke history, and trial-cycle data were not documented, no durability, measured-alignment, or material-specific PV-compliance claim is made. The contribution is an integrated and explicitly bounded force-stiffness-thermal screening framework for low-cost casting apparatuses.
Bearing Life Calculation and Experimental Evaluation of 6302-2RS Ball Bearing with Grease Lubricant Variations Wahyu Hidayat; Mohammad Rizal Safri; Rilo Chandra Muhamadin; Ilham Arifin Pahlawan; Alviani Hesthi Permata Ningtyas; Muhammad Arryyanto; Mohammad Rizqi Abdul Basyith
Multidisciplinary Innovations and Research in Applied Engineering Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Akademi Inovasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70935/gr9z3w92

Abstract

Rolling bearings are critical machine elements, but catalogue rating life and short-duration workshop observations must be interpreted separately. This study calculated the ISO 281 basic rating life of a Koyo/JTEKT 6302-2RS deep-groove ball bearing (JTEKT Corp., Kariya, Aichi Japan) and conducted a preliminary comparison of three lubrication treatments. The calculation used the current JTEKT basic dynamic load rating C = 14.3 kN, an equivalent radial load P = 98.1 N, and the ball-bearing exponent p = 3. Three bearings were used (n = 1 per treatment). Their seals were removed, the factory grease was cleaned out, and the specimens were either left without reapplied grease or manually filled with Cobra® Chassis Grease Green No. 3 or Deltalube® 056 General Purpose Grease EP 2; the applied grease mass was not recorded. Each specimen was tested sequentially for 30 min at 1000 rpm and 30 min at 1500 rpm under the same radial load. The corrected basic rating life was 3.097 × 10¹² revolutions, equivalent to 5.162 × 10⁷ h at 1000 rpm and 3.442 × 10⁷ h at 1500 rpm. These very large values reflect an idealized rating-life calculation at a load far below the catalogue capacity and are not an experimentally validated service life. After cumulative testing, the recorded outer-diameter changes were 0.05 mm for the grease-free control, 0.03 mm for Cobra® grease, and 0.01 mm for Deltalube® grease; these changes are comparable with the stated caliper accuracy. At 1500 rpm, the outer-ring radial runout values were 0.30, 0.16, and 0.15 mm, respectively, while the inner-ring values were 0.09, 0.05, and 0.04 mm. Deltalube® grease produced the lowest observed dimensional change and runout under the present conditions, but the unreplicated, sequential test does not support statistical or long-term reliability claims.

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