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Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas
Published by LEMIGAS
ISSN : 20893361     EISSN : 25410520     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Energy
The Scientific Contributions for Oil and Gas is the official journal of the Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS for the dissemination of information on research activities, technology engineering development and laboratory testing in the oil and gas field. Manuscripts in English are accepted from all in any institutions, college and industry oil and gas throughout the country and overseas.
Arjuna Subject : Energi (semua kategori) - Teknologi Bahan Bakar
Articles 619 Documents
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Corrosion Inhibition Of Mild Steel In 1m HCL By Catechin Monomers From Commercial Green Tea Extracts Nofrizal Nofrizal
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 35 No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.35.1.773

Abstract

The inhibitory effect of two Indonesian green tea extracts (containing various catechins) were investigated on the corrosion of mild steel (MS) in 1M HCl medium. The anticorrosion effect was evaluated by conventional weight loss method, potentiodynamic polarisation, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) studies and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique. The results evidenced that both the tea extracts act as a good corrosion inhibitor and the inhibition effi ciencies (% IE) were in good agreement for all the studies. Adsorption of green tea extract constituent was found to follow Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the calculated Gibb’s free energy values indicated the physisorption of inhibitor over the mild steel surface. SEM – EDX studies show the adsorption of catechin monomers which forms a protective layer over the mils steel surface. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was carried out to quantify the catechin fractions in the tea extract and it was found that eight catechin monomers were present in both tea extracts. From all of monomers, it was found that four monomers were identifi ed as components responsible for controlling the dissolution of mild steel in 1 M HCl medium.
The Improvement Of Mercury Removal In Natural Gas By Activated Carbon Impregnated With Zinc Chloride Lisna Rosmayati
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 35 No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.35.1.774

Abstract

Natural gas being produced from gas fi elds around Indonesia areas, along with a large number of other harmful substances (CO2,H2S, RSH,COS etc) often contains mercury. Even in small amounts, mercury and its compounds have an extremely harmful effect on human health. Mercury content in the natural gas should be removed to avoid equipment damage in the gas processing plant or the pipeline transmission system from mercury amalgamation and embrittlement of aluminium. Mercury can be removed by using adsorption processes such as activated carbon that is impregnated with chlor, iodine or sulfur. This research is dealing with the process of mercury removal from gas based on principle of adsorption and of chemisorption of mercury by means of activated carbon impregnated with ZnCl2. Time of impregnation is a signifi cant variable that can effect adsorption capacity. The experiment results showed that ZnCl2 impregnation time of 12 hours signifi cantly enhanced the adsorptive capacity for mercury vapour.
Comparision Deposit Formation On The Valve Diesel Engine Caused By Biodiesel And Petroleum Diesel Fuels Maymuchar Maymuchar; Ismoyo Suro Waskito
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 35 No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.35.1.775

Abstract

 The research on the infl uence of the biodiesel to the formation of deposits on the intake and exhaust valves diesel engine has been carried out by means analysis of merit rating. The fuels used on this study are FAME (B-100), a mixture of 50% (v)of FAME in diesel fuel 48 (B-50), and diesel fuel 48 (B-0). The objective of this research is to obtain data which represent the infl uence of the biodiesel to the formation of deposits on the intake and exhaust valve diesel engine. The test used a diesel engine driving 5 KVA generator which is operated for 100 hours with 1.000 Watt electrical load. The results of the study show that the use of either FAME or biodiesel as alternative fuel in the diesel engine generator 5 KVA has a positive effect on reducing the deposit on the intake and exhaust valves.
Dilute Acid Pretreatment And Enzymatic Hydrolysis Of Lignocellulosic Biomass For Butanol Production As Biofuel Devitra Saka Rani; Cut Nanda Sari
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 35 No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.35.1.776

Abstract

Biobutanol is one of the promising biofuel for substituting gasoline. Biobutanol produced from biomass fermentation using solventogenic clostridia which are able to convert a wide range of carbon sources to fuels such as butanol. Therefore, lignocellosic biomass has great potential as fermentation substrate for biobutanol production. Lignocellosic biomass should be hydrolized before fermentation by a pretreatment process and enzymatic hydrolysis. The various lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment will infl uence in butanol production depending on fermentable sugars content. The objective of this research is to get potential lignocellulosic biomass using dilute acid pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis process for biobutanol production. Eight types of biomass from sugarcane bagasse, rice straw, rice husk, empty fruit bunch (EFB) of palm oil, corn cob, pulp waste, traditional market organic waste, and microalgae were used in this experiment. After hydrolysis, the high result of total fermentable sugars in corn cobs, bagasse, rice straw, and rice husk, shows good opportunity of these biomass to be used as fermentation feedstocks for biobutanol production. In addition, pulp waste, organic waste, and microalgae are prospective as raw material but require more appropriate treatment either for to break down the cellulose/hemicellulose or to enhance reducing sugar content. Fine milling and delignifi cation have no signifi cant effect on cellulosic biomass conversion into fermentable sugars. Therefore, the production cost can be reduced. In order to enhance the sugar content and reduce the formation of inhibitor product, it is necessary to examine dilute acid pretreatment variations and appropriate operating conditions of enzymatic hydrolysis process
The Migration Pathway Of Some Selected Australian Palynomorphs From Their Origin To Se Asia Eko Budi Lelono
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 35 No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.35.2.777

Abstract

This paper proposes the alternative dispersal route of Australian elements of Dacrydium and Casuarina from their origin to Southeast Asia. It was previously thought that these Australian affi nities migrated to Sunda region following the collision of the Australian and the Asian plates at the Oligo-Miocene boundary (Morley, 1998 and 2000). The subsequent study by Lelono (2007) extended the record of these two taxa from the Oligo-Miocene boundary to the base Oligocene. This is unlikely, since at the time of basal Oligocene, when these pollen types fi rst appear, the Australian land mass would have been some 1000 kms south of the East Java area. Therefore, this fact led Lelono (2007) to propose the earlier arrival of the Gondwanan fragment to this area in Early Oligocene. However, recent records of Dacrydium have been reported from the Early Eocene of the Ninety East Ridge (55 Ma) and the Indian subcontinent (50 Ma) (Morley, 2009). This implies to the alternative dispersal route of this pollen. It is possible that Dacrydium dispersed into SE Asia prior to the Early Oligocene via the Ninety East Ridge and the Indian plate, and subsequently its distribution across the Sunda region and Indochina was limited by palaeoclimate, explaining why it is present in some areas of the Sunda region, but not others. Mean while, a model to explain the dispersal of Casuarina remains unresolved, since migration via India is unlikely as there is no pollen record from the Indian subcontinent. Therefore, long distance dispersal may be a possibility for this pollen.
Preliminary Carbon Untilization And Storage Screening Of Oil Fields In South Sumatra Basin Sugihardjo Sugihardjo; Usman Usman; Edward ML Tobing
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 35 No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.35.2.778

Abstract

Carbon utilization in oil fi elds as EOR project has becomes main issue nowdays. Therefore preliminary CO2-EOR screening has been done for the oil fi elds laid on South Sumatra Basin, where CO2 emission arise from a number different sources of activities in South Sumatra area. Around 103 oil fi elds and consisting 581 reservoirs have been analysis to select which of those fi elds fulfi ll CO2 injection criteria. The criteria applied of the selection are based on EOR Screening Criteria Revisited papers introducing by J.J Taber at. All. 1977. The results of the screening are categorized as miscible, immiscible and failed for CO2 injection. Afterward, CO2 storage and incremental oil recovery due to CO2 injection were calculated using equation normally used in the oil industries. The incremental oil recovery due to CO2-EOR has been assumed as high as 12% of OOIP at miscible process and only 5% for immiscible displacement. The calculation of CO2 storage is based on the ultimate primary recovery for each fi eld in addition of the additional recovery due to CO2-EOR. Both primary and tertiary recovery have been used as the basic of calculating the CO2 storage. The results of the screening whether reservoir categories in immiscible, miscible injection and failed to fulfi ll EOR-CO2 injection criteria can be summarized as follow: 18 fi elds immiscible, 77 miscible, and 7 failed. Total incremental oil recovery estimate from CO2-EOR is approximately 480.5 MMSTB. While the total CO2 storages estimate are about 70 MMton for voidage replacement due to production at ultimate recovery and 22 MMton at EOR-recovery, so the total CO2 storage is approximately 92 MMton.
Oligocene Palynology Of On-Shore West Java Eko Budi Lelono
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 35 No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.35.2.779

Abstract

Compared to its counterpart in the off-shore area (including Northwest Java and Northeast Java), the Oligocene sediment of on-shore West Java provides low pollen assemblages. In addition, superwet elements of Dacrydium and Casuarina commonly occurred in off-shore area are less represented in the on-shore area. However, it is believed that the study area still experienced wet climate condition as proved by common occurrence of rattan pollen Dicolpopollis spp. indicating a thick growth of swamp forest under moist climate. Unlike its counterpart in the off-shore North West Java, the studied sediment rarely yields lacustrine elements suggesting the disappearance of lake deposit. The Oligocene sediment of on-shore West Java is defi ned by the regular appearance of Oligocene marker of pollen Meyeripollis naharkotensis. The last occurrence of this pollen marks the top Oligocene age. In fact, the appearance of pollen M. Naharkotensis is obviously used to separate Oligocene age from Miocene age in the off-shore area. Moreover, marine micropaleontology analysis on foraminifers and calcareous nannoplankton confi rms this age. The studied sediment was deposited in the transition to shallow marine environment as indicated by rare occurrence of marine microfossils. The common brackish pollen of Zonocostites ramonae (Rizophora) and Spinizonocolpites echinatus (Nypa) indicates mangrove/ back-mangrove environment. Moreover, the domination of shallow water benthonic over the planktonic forms suggests shallow marine setting.
Differenciating Oil, Gas And Water In Seismic Section Using Spectral Decomposition Suprajitno Munadi; Humbang Purba; Rosie A.S
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 35 No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.35.2.780

Abstract

Oil, Gas And Water Contained In The Pore Spaces Should Give Different Response In The Seismic Trace, But This Is Not An Easy Problem. However, From The Physical Point Of View Oil Is Quite Compressible, Gas Is Very Compressible And Water Is Incompressible, So In Principle They Should Give Different Response In Seismic  Record. Since The Response In The Time Domain Is Sometimes Complicated In Nature, An Effort Has Been Carried  Out To Remedy The Problem In The Frequency Domain. A Recent Advance In Signal Analysis Which Is Referred To As The Spectral Decomposition Has Been Used To Differentiate Oil, Gas And Water In Seismic Section. In This Case A Specifi C Method In Spectral Decomposition Called As The Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) Was Utilized For This Purpose. The Result Demonstrates That Oil, Gas And Water Can Be Differentiated Clearly In The CWT Spectrum Using The Data From The Deep Water Part In The Makassar Strait. The Results Are Encouraging. 
Effect Of Chemicals On The Formation Of Tar Balls From Overboard Water Discharges An Analysis Of Environmental View R Desrina
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 35 No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.35.2.781

Abstract

The ratio of produced water to produced hydrocarbons increases over the lifetime of an oil well. It is common that oil well production fl uids in the old reservoirs are eventually composed of 90% or more of water and only 10% or less of hydrocarbons. After the initial separation of the bulk produced fl uids, the produced water still contains fi nely dispersed solids and hydrocarbons. It must either be re-injected underground or discharged to surface waters, such as oceans. Strict overboard discharge limits are set by the government regulation. The oil content of overboard water is limited by the Ministry of Environment to be less than 50 mg/L. Various chemicals have been developed as proprietary chemical separation aids to effect and accelerate the separation of oil, water, and solids from each other. These chemicals are commonly referred to as de-emulsifi ers and water clarifi ers. Other chemicals, for example corrosion inhibitors, have properties that are contradictory to de-emulsifi er and clarifi er. These non-separation aid chemicals will absolutely affect the fl uid (oil and water) separation. In the last couple of years, there were problems with the tar balls and chocolate mousse found in the coastal regions of Indonesia, such as at Pulau Seribu and Eastern Coast of Kalimantan. Although these tar balls do not frequently happen, these problems have given nuisance to the surrounding communities especially the fi shermen. This paper is intended to give an analysis of environmental view of the possible factors that might contribute to the formation of tar balls and chocolate mousse from the overboard water discharges from the old oil fi elds.
Choice Of Water Saturation Model In Log Analysis And Its Implication To Water Saturation Estimates – A Further Investigation Bambang Widarsono
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 35 No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.35.3.782

Abstract

Water saturation is one of the most important governing factors in hydrocarbon in place and reserves estimation. Error in the estimation of water saturation may signifi cantly impose bias in the estimation of both quantities. In spite of there are various factors affecting potential error in water saturation estimation, choice in water saturation model(s) appears to play an important factor. This study involves eight water saturation models that are widely used in log analysis up until today. Using the same input data, the eight models have proved themseleves to have produced different water saturation estimates. Using a moderate level of water saturation error of 20% evaluation may result in up to 50% error in the reserves estimates. Observing the wide disparities in the estimated water saturation values yielded by the models used in this study, errors higher than 50% may take place. This evidence should strengthen our awareness over the potential error and careful applications of model(s) – and validation of results – that have to be observed.

Page 16 of 62 | Total Record : 619

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