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Advances in Tropical Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 25496980     EISSN : 26220628     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24843/ATBES.2023.v07.i02.p01
Core Subject : Health, Science, Education, Agriculture, Social, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Veterinary Other
The scope of the journal covers scientific and technological aspects from all fields that have general relevance to tropical biodiversity and environmental sciences, including investigations on tropical biodiversity, systematics and taxonomy, terrestrial and aquatic ecology, wildlife management and control, ethnobotany and ethnozoology, tropical plant and animal cultivation, general veterinary, natural product chemistry, ecotourism, environmental remediation and management, and geographic information systems (GIS), remote sensing, and other modeling applications for environmental studies.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): October 2025" : 10 Documents clear
Study of Reproductive Aspects of Fish Cyprinidae Family and Poeciliidae Family in Lake Batur Waters Area, Bali Winni Anugrah Hani; Nyoman Dati Pertami; I Wayan Darya Kartika
Advances in Tropical Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Udayana University (LP2M Universitas Udayana)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/ATBES.2025.v09.i03.p10

Abstract

This study aims to determine the reproductive characteristics of the Cyprinidae and Poeciliidae families in Lake Batur, including gonad maturity stage, gonadosomatic index, and sex ratio. Sampling was carried out from November to December 2021. This study uses descriptive and quantitative methods, with purposive sampling at three station points. The fishing gear used is a gill net with sizes of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 inches. Determination of the gonad maturity stage of the gonads is determined morphologically, which includes observations on the color, shape, and size of the gonads. The gonad maturity stage III and IV was analyzed with the gonadosomatic index and sex ratio. The fish samples total 147 individuals: 54 from the Cyprinidae family and 93 from the Poeciliidae family. Cyprinidae family fish samples are Barbodes binotatus and Barbonimus gonionotus. Poeciliidae family fish samples are Xiphophorus hellerii and Poecilia reticulata. gonad maturity stage of the cyprinidae family in Barbodes binotatus obtained I -IV and Barbonimus gonionotus fish obtained all stages I-V, while the poeciliidae family Xiphoporus hellerii at all stages IV and Poecilia reticulata only found I-IV, the average of gonadosomatic index of female cyprinidae and poeciliidae is higher than males, and spawning time occurs in November and December (rainy season). The sex ratio of the Cyprinidae family in Barbodes binotatus is unbalanced, while in the Poeciliidae family, the sex ratio of Xiphophorus hellerii is balanced.
Abundance and Characteristics of Microplastics in Coral Reefs at Penimbangan Waters Muhmad Abraham; Yulianto Suteja; I Gusti Ngurah Putra Dirgayusa
Advances in Tropical Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Udayana University (LP2M Universitas Udayana)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/ATBES.2025.v09.i03.p01

Abstract

Coral reefs are a vital component of marine ecosystems, playing a crucial role in providing and protecting marine biodiversity. However, recent studies have found the presence of microplastics in corals, which have been proven to threaten their health. This study aims to identify the abundance and characteristics of microplastics in coral reefs in the waters of Penimbangan Beach. A total of 12 coral samples were collected from two stations selected based on the presence of coral reefs in the area and then analyzed in the laboratory. Microplastic separation was carried out using hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions. Subsequently, an analysis was conducted to determine the abundance and identify the shape, size, and color of the microplastics. The research results showed that the highest microplastic abundance was found at Station 1 (3.5 particles/gram), while the lowest was at Station 2 (1.6 particles/gram). The characteristics of microplastics found were predominantly fibers (94.6%), followed by fragments and granules. The most commonly found microplastic size was 0.001–1 mm (53%), followed by 1–5 mm. The dominant microplastic color was black, followed by blue, red, transparent, and brown.
Water Quality Assessment for Mariculture in the Waters of Legundi Island, Pesawaran District, Indonesia Adrian Restuputra Sasongko; Nasuki; Kartika Primasari; Suryanti; I Gusti Ngurah Permana
Advances in Tropical Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Udayana University (LP2M Universitas Udayana)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/ATBES.2025.v09.i03.p02

Abstract

Indonesia has an extensive maritime zone, but its fisheries production achievement remains low. The potential of this marine area should be optimally utilized to boost mariculture production. This study aims to analyze the suitability level of the waters around Legundi Island for use as a mariculture site. The research method used is descriptive statistical analysis. Data collection was conducted at 12 sample points, determined using the purposive sampling method, through on-site observations and the interpretation of Google satellite images. Sample points were distributed at each location near residential areas. The results of this study show that the waters of Labuan Agung have the highest value, with an average of 96.5%, while the waters of Selesung have the lowest value at 91.6%. Overall, the waters around Legundi Island fall into the S1 (very suitable) classification with an average score of 93.8%. In conclusion, Legundi Island possesses regional characteristics that indicate significant potential for mariculture development.
Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Protozoa Infection in Piglets on Pig Breeding Farms in Gianyar Regency, Bali. Eukaristia Junitha; I Wayan Sudira; Nyoman Adi Suratma; I Putu Cahyadi Putra
Advances in Tropical Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Udayana University (LP2M Universitas Udayana)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/ATBES.2025.v09.i03.p05

Abstract

Gastrointestinal protozoan infections, including those caused by Eimeria sp., Cystoisospora sp., Entamoeba sp., and Balantidium sp., can result in significant livestock losses. This study aimed to ascertain the prevalence of gastrointestinal protozoan infections and compare the prevalence rates between suckling and weaned piglets on pig breeding farms in Gianyar Regency. A total of 216 piglet fecal samples were analyzed, comprising 87 samples from the suckling phase and 129 from the weaned phase. Gastrointestinal protozoa were identified through morphological examination, utilizing the sedimentation method for Balantidium sp. and Entamoeba sp., and the saturated salt flotation method for Coccidia examination. Differences in the prevalence of protozoan infections between suckling and weaned piglets were assessed using the Chi-Square Test with IBM SPSS Statistics. The findings indicated that the prevalence of gastrointestinal protozoan infections in piglets on breeding farms in the Gianyar Regency was 51.85% (112/216). The identified protozoa included Balantidium sp. (37.96%), Entamoeba sp. (25.92%), and Coccidia (7.87%). The prevalence of gastrointestinal protozoan infections in suckling piglets was 35.63% (31/87), whereas that in weaned piglets was 62.79% (81/129), demonstrating a significant difference (p=0,0001). There were diverse infections, with some piglets harboring more than one protozoan type. The prevalence rate of gastrointestinal protozoan infections was deemed high, with weaned piglets exhibiting greater susceptibility to infection than suckling piglets.
Detection of Klebsiella spp. Causing Subclinical Mastitis in Sows on Farms in Puhu Village, Gianyar, Bali Ni Putu Deana Kanaya Sahrani; I Ketut Suada; Ni Nyoman Werdi Susari; Romy Muhammad Dary Mufa
Advances in Tropical Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Udayana University (LP2M Universitas Udayana)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/ATBES.2025.v09.i03.p04

Abstract

Subclinical mastitis is a disease that quite often affects sows during lactation without any apparent clinical symptoms, one of which is caused by Klebsiella Spp. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of pig milk and whether Klebsiella spp. was detected in the pig milk. Thirty-four samples were tested using the California Mastitis Test (CMT) method, and samples positive for subclinical mastitis were further tested using MacConkey media. Additional tests were conducted, including the TSIA biochemical test and microscopic examinations of the growing bacterial isolates, to confirm the bacterial identity. The results of this study showed that 29 out of 34 positive samples had subclinical mastitis with different levels of severity. According to the laboratory results, the presence of Klebsiella spp (85%) bacteria was identified. The results of this study indicate that subclinical mastitis caused by Klebsiella spp remains a significant threat in pig farms in Puhu Village, Payangan Subdistrict, Gianyar Regency, particularly when cage sanitation and management are not optimal. Early detection and improved husbandry systems are needed to prevent similar incidents.  
Exploring Eggshell Waste and Calotropis gigantea Fibers for Eco-Friendly Ceiling Board Applications Mahaputri, Ida Ayu; Adnyaswari , Made Diah Adi; Amanatullah, Muhammad Risqi; Tonyes, Silvia Gabrina; Ciawi, Yenni
Advances in Tropical Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Udayana University (LP2M Universitas Udayana)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/ATBES.2025.v09.i03.p08

Abstract

The prohibition of asbestos in ceiling board production, due to its serious health risks, has prompted the search for safer and more sustainable alternatives. Current solutions often rely on non-renewable synthetic fibers, which pose environmental concerns. This study investigates the potential of using two abundant tropical waste materials—Calotropis gigantea leaves and eggshells—as renewable reinforcements in biocomposite ceiling boards. In Indonesia, eggshell waste from households and the food service industry amounts to approximately 483,920 tons annually, while C. gigantea grows widely along the country's coastal areas. The biocomposites were formulated by combining leaf fiber powder and eggshell-derived calcium carbonate (32.63–33.92% CaCO₃) in a resin matrix at various ratios. The resulting panels were evaluated through density, water absorption, drop resistance, and gradual heating tests. All samples exceeded the national density standard (SNI 03-2105) and demonstrated superior water and thermal resistance compared to commercial gypsum and kalsiboard panels. No sample failed under impact or heating up to 200°C. The presence of CaCO₃ contributed to improved mechanical and thermal performance while supporting the substitution of cement-based materials. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of utilizing post-consumer and plant-based tropical waste in environmentally friendly construction materials, offering a promising pathway for sustainable resource use, waste reduction, and green building practices in tropical regions.
Analysis of the Distribution of White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) in Vannamei Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in Bali: Water Quality and PCR Study Billy Andri Agrifa Barus; Gede Iwan Setiabudi; Hamdanul Fain
Advances in Tropical Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Udayana University (LP2M Universitas Udayana)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/ATBES.2025.v09.i03.p09

Abstract

White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) is a pathogen responsible for white spots, typically 0.5–2 mm in diameter, on the shrimp cephalothorax. WSSV is capable of causing mass mortality rates of up to 100% within 3 to 10 days of symptom onset. The rapid transmission and detection challenges associated with WSSV have resulted in significant economic losses for Indonesian shrimp farmers. In Bali, Litopenaeus vannamei (Vannamei shrimp) is the second-largest marine aquaculture commodity after seaweed, with major seed production centered in the Gerokgak and Seririt Districts of Buleleng Regency. Given the difficulty in controlling WSSV, identifying its emergence and characteristics is critical. This study aimed to determine the distribution of WSSV in Bali by examining the relationship between water quality and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) detection results, and by analyzing the correlation between water quality, WSSV incidence, and mortality rates in monitoring ponds. The research focused on PCR analysis and water quality assessment of Vannamei shrimp from the Karangasem, Buleleng, and Jembrana Regencies, conducted by the Indonesian Quarantine Agency (BKI). Water quality parameters, including temperature, transparency, pH, DO, salinity, nitrite, nitrate, ammonia, and phosphate, were measured using test kits. The study detected no WSSV during the examination period. PCR analysis showed amplification products ranging from 200 to 400 bp, distinct from the standard WSSV-positive marker at 941 bp. Furthermore, all water quality samples met the criteria and compliance parameters established by the Animal, Fish, and Plant Quarantine Center (BBKKIT).
Comparison of Insect Diversity in Long Bean (Vigna sinensis L.) and Corn (Zea mays) Plantations in Banjarsari Village, Serang City, Banten Riski Andrian Jasmi; Uum Meiliana; Habil Nursyamsul; Mirtha Asalisa; Rifan Oktadiansyah; Ammar Miftah Farid; Siti Yulyatunnikmah
Advances in Tropical Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Udayana University (LP2M Universitas Udayana)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/ATBES.2025.v09.i03.p03

Abstract

This study aims to compare the diversity of insect species and their ecological roles in two types of crops, namely long beans (Vigna sinensis L.) and corn (Zea mays), cultivated in Banjarsari Village, Serang City, Banten. The study was conducted over two days in March 2025, utilizing observation and sampling methods with a single-sweep technique in both the morning and afternoon sessions. The results showed that the long bean plantation had higher insect diversity compared to the corn plantation. In total, 14 insect species were identified, belonging to 11 families and five orders, with ecological functions classified as herbivores, predators, and pollinators. The species Valanga nigricornis was the most dominant herbivore, especially on long bean plants. Meanwhile, species from the Formicidae and Libellulidae families acted as natural predators, and the species Apis cerana and Ropalidia marginata functioned as pollinators. Environmental factors, including vegetation type, soil moisture, and food availability, influenced the presence of various insect types. The results of this study underscore the significance of insect diversity as an indicator of agricultural ecosystem stability, as well as a crucial component in the management of sustainable agroecosystems.
Effectiveness Test of Immobilization of Aspergillus niger Fungi with Different Biomass on Hexavalent Chromium (Cr VI) in Water Anisa Fitriawati; Ima Yudha Perwira; Devi Ulinuha
Advances in Tropical Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Udayana University (LP2M Universitas Udayana)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/ATBES.2025.v09.i03.p07

Abstract

Heavy metal contamination with Cr(VI) in aquatic environments is a serious concern due to its high toxicity and mobility. This research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of immobilized Aspergillus niger in sodium alginate with different biomass concentrations (0 g, 0.1 g, 0.3 g, and 0.5 g) in reducing Cr(VI) content in water. The research was conducted from March to May 2025 using a quantitative experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (RAL), consisting of four treatments and three replications. The bioremediation process lasted 5 days, and Cr(VI) concentration was measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 540 nm, with the data analyzed in Microsoft Excel. The results indicated that each biomass treatment exhibited varying levels of Cr(VI) removal. The treatments T3, T1, T2, and T0 (control) showed the highest to lowest effectiveness, with values of 39.4%, 32.4%, 30.7%, and 28.0%, respectively. The rate of Cr(VI) reduction increased with increasing fungal biomass, but not in a straight line across all treatments. The metal removal process occurred through biosorption and bioaccumulation mechanisms, influenced by factors such as initial metal concentration, particle size, and the availability of functional groups on the fungal cell wall and alginate matrix. This study demonstrates that immobilized Aspergillus niger can reduce Cr(VI) content in water, although its effectiveness is not yet optimal.
Exopolysaccharides-Producing Lactic Acid Bacteria in Marinated Pakoba (Syzygium luzonense Merr.) Fruit Revanda Stevanie Hasani; Helen Joan Lawalata; Anita Constanci Christine Tengker; Marthy Stella Taulu; Fernando Andre Watung
Advances in Tropical Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Udayana University (LP2M Universitas Udayana)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/ATBES.2025.v09.i03.p06

Abstract

Pakoba fruit is one of the endemic flora of North Sulawesi which is rich in nutrients and has the potential to be fermented. The fermentation process occurs due to the bacteria in the fruit, including lactic acid bacteria (LAB). One of the interesting products from LAB fermentation is that it can produce secondary metabolites which have the potential to produce exopolysaccharides, namely high molecular weight and biodegradable polymers. This research aims to determine whether LAB can be obtained from fermentation of Pakoba marination and what types of LAB produce exopolysaccharides based on their phenotypic characteristics. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method to characterize the type of LAB and observe the exopolysaccharides produced by the bacteria. This research succeeded in isolating and identifying 10 LAB isolates based on their morphological and biochemical characters. Four isolates named MP(1)5.2, MP(1)7.1, MP(3)6.3, MP(3)7.2 can produce exopolysaccharides with a soft character but not mucus, where bacterial exopolysaccharides are believed to increase probiotics in the digestive tract. Genus level recognition (generic assignment) based on profile matching revealed that these four bacteria were from the genus Lactobacillus.

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