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Jurnal Biologi Udayana
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 14105292     EISSN : 25992856     DOI : DOI 10.24843/JBIOUNUD
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
This journal is dedicated to advancing the frontiers of biological and environmental sciences through the publication of original research articles, comprehensive review papers, and insightful case studies. We welcome high-quality contributions in the following areas: Botany – covering plant biology, physiology, taxonomy, ethnobotany, and plant-environment interactions. Zoology – including animal biology, behavior, anatomy, physiology, and wildlife studies. Microbiology – exploring microbial diversity, pathogenicity, industrial microbiology, and microbial ecology. Environmental Science and Ecotourism – focusing on ecosystem analysis, sustainability, environmental impact, and the integration of tourism and conservation. Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences – embracing molecular biology, genetic engineering, bioinformatics, and applications in health, agriculture, and industry. Ecology and Conservation – emphasizing ecosystem dynamics, biodiversity conservation, species management, and ecological modeling. By fostering interdisciplinary dialogue and innovation, the journal aims to be a platform for scholars, practitioners, and policymakers to address current challenges and contribute to sustainable solutions across biological and environmental systems.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 16 Documents
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Struktur dan komposisi vegetasi lantai pada kawasan agroforestri kopi di Desa Belok Sidan, Kecamatan Petang, Badung, Bali Ni Made Riris Widiari; I Made Saka Wijaya; I Ketut Ginantra; Luh Putu Eswaryanti Kusuma Yuni; Ida Ayu Eka Pertiwi Sari
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol. 29 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2025.v29.i02.p02

Abstract

Agroforestri berbasis kopi telah diterapkan di beberapa daerah di Indonesia, salah satunya diterapkan di Dusun Jempanang, Desa Belok Sidan, Kecamatan Petang, Kabupaten Badung, Bali. Kombinasi pohon penaung dalam agroforestri memberikan pengaruh terhadap iklim mikro yang beragam bagi vegetasi di bawahnya, yaitu pada struktur dan komposisi vegetasi lantai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan struktur dan komposisi vegetasi lantai pada agroforestri kopi di Dusun Jempanang, Desa Belok Sidan, Kecamatan Petang, Kabupaten Badung, Bali. Pengambilan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode plot berukuran 1 × 1 m yang ditempatkan secara systematic sampling. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ditemukan sebanyak 88 spesies sebagai penyusun vegetasi lantai agroforestri kopi Dusun Jempanang. Spesies dengan Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) tertinggi yaitu Oplismenus burmannii sebesar 41,26% (KR 18,09%; FR 7,10%; DR 16,07%), Ageratum conyzoides dengan INP 29,39% (KR 10,66%, FR 7,59%, DR 11,13%), Drymaria villosa dengan INP 27,85% (KR 13,64%, FR 6,25%, DR 7,97%), dan Synedrella nodiflora dengan INP 21,50% (KR 7,52%, FR 6,17%, DR 7,81%). Berdasarkan indeks komunitas, diperoleh bahwa vegetasi lantai di Dusun Jempanang memiliki keanekaragaman dengan kategori tinggi (H'=3,33), tanpa adanya dominansi spesies tertentu (C=0,06), serta persebaran spesies yang relatif merata (E=0,74).
Potential prey traces of the javan leopard in Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park Rheznandya Donny Minarto; Iska Desmawati; Agung Siswoyo; Bagaskara Raditya Wigita Putra
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol. 29 No. 1 (2025): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2025.v29.i01.p09

Abstract

The Javan leopard (Panthera pardus melas) is a subspecies of Panthera pardus endemic to Java Island, with a limited distribution on Java, Kangean, Nusakambangan, and Sempu Islands. It is the last remaining large carnivore on the island following the extinction of Panthera tigris sondaica. The species has been protected by the Indonesian government since 1970 under Decree No. 421/Kpts/Um/8/1970 and subsequent regulations, with continued protection through Government Regulation No. 7/1999, Law No. 5/1990, and Ministry of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. 106/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/12/2018. It is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List and in Appendix I of CITES. The population of P. p. melas continues to decline due to habitat degradation, reduced prey availability, and poaching. Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park (TNBTS) serves as a critical habitat for its survival. This study aims to document potential prey traces of P. p. melas in TNBTS. Field methods included direct observation of tracks and analysis of traces such as feces, skin derivatives (hair, scales, spines), footprints, feeding marks, nests, and wallows. The results identified Sus scrofa (40.9%) as the most frequent potential prey species, followed by Muntiacus muntjak (24.2%), Macaca fascicularis (10.6%), Hystrix javanica (9.1%), and both Viverricula malaccensis and Manis javanica (7.6% each). These findings highlight the essential role of prey availability in supporting P. p. melas populations in TNBTS. This information is expected to provide a basis for prey-based ecological conservation strategies and sustainable habitat management for the long-term survival of this keystone species.
Pendekatan baru pada identifikasi patogen tanaman berbasis DNA: Suatu Kajian Pustaka Widya Esti Purwaningtyas; Siti Sholekha; Hangga Novian Adi Putra
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol. 29 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2025.v29.i02.p06

Abstract

Patogen tanaman merupakan salah satu faktor utama penyebab penurunan produktivitas pertanian dan kerugian ekonomi yang signifikan di berbagai sistem budidaya. Identifikasi patogen secara cepat dan akurat menjadi langkah penting dalam pengendalian penyakit tanaman, khususnya untuk mendukung kegiatan karantina, pemantauan penyakit, serta penentuan strategi pengelolaan yang tepat. Metode diagnosis konvensional yang bergantung pada pengamatan gejala, isolasi, dan kultur patogen umumnya memerlukan waktu relatif lama dan bergantung pada keahlian peneliti, sehingga berisiko menimbulkan kesalahan identifikasi, terutama pada tahap awal infeksi ketika gejala belum berkembang secara spesifik. Perkembangan teknologi molekuler mendorong penggunaan pendekatan identifikasi berbasis DNA yang menawarkan sensitivitas dan spesifisitas lebih tinggi dibandingkan metode konvensional. Tinjauan ini membahas berbagai metode identifikasi patogen tanaman berbasis DNA, meliputi teknik polymerase chain reaction (PCR) dan turunannya, seperti nested PCR, multiplex PCR, quantitative PCR (qPCR), nano-PCR, dan droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), serta metode amplifikasi isotermal seperti loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), dan nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA). Teknologi lanjutan seperti next-generation sequencing (NGS) dan sistem CRISPR/Cas juga dikaji berdasarkan prinsip kerja dan potensi penerapannya dalam diagnosis patogen tanaman. Hasil tinjauan menunjukkan bahwa setiap metode memiliki keunggulan yang berbeda, di mana qPCR dan ddPCR unggul dalam sensitivitas dan presisi untuk deteksi target berkonsentrasi rendah, LAMP dan RPA menawarkan kecepatan analisis serta kemudahan aplikasi di lapangan, sementara NGS dan CRISPR/Cas memberikan resolusi tinggi untuk deteksi komprehensif dan diagnosis dengan spesifisitas sangat tinggi. Tinjauan ini menekankan pentingnya pengembangan metode diagnostik berbasis DNA yang efisien dan aplikatif untuk mendukung pengelolaan penyakit tanaman dan sistem pertanian berkelanjutan.
Isolasi, karakterisasi, dan uji resistensi bakteri dari Sungai Matras, Bangka, Indonesia terhadap timbal dan tembaga Wahyu Irawati; Alya Leonita Lamonta; Cantika Dela Kurnia Zendrato; Thesalonika Liony Pangemanan; Deokward F. Ruga; Nicolas Tunggul Adhigandewa; Geoffrey Darrien Fideli
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol. 29 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2025.v29.i02.p01

Abstract

Aktivitas pertambangan di sekitar Sungai Matras mengakibatkan terjadinya pencemaran logam berat terutama timbal dan tembaga. Timbal merupakan logam berat yang bersifat toksik sementara itu tembaga konsentrasi tinggi juga membahayakan kesehatan lingkungan. Bioremediasi dengan menggunakan bakteri indigenous yang multiresisten tembaga dan timbal merupakan solusi yang mudah, murah, dan ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengkarakterisasi bakteri yang resisten terhadap timbal dari sungai matras serta menguji resistensi bakteri tersebut terhadap tembaga. Bakteri diisolasi dengan metode tebar dari sampel air Sungai Matras yang diencerkan secara seri. Medium yang digunakan adalah Luria Bertani agar dengan penambahan Pb(NO3)2 untuk memperoleh bakteri resisten timbal. Isolat bakteri dilakukan karakterisasi morfologi koloni serta pemurnian sehingga menghasilkan biakan murni. Karakterisasi fisiologis dilakukan dengan pewarnaan Gram dan pengamatan morfologi koloni, sedangkan secara molekuler dengan pengurutan gen 16SrDNA. Uji resistensi terhadap CuSO4 dilakukan pada bakteri yang paling unggul dengan metode gores untuk memperoleh nilai Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 19 isolat bakteri yang berhasil diisolasi dengan nilai MIC berkisar 6-16 mM. Sebanyak 16 isolat bersifat Gram negatif dan 3 isolat bersifat Gram positif. Isolat B63 dan B64 adalah bakteri yang paling resisten terhadap timbal dan tembaga dengan MIC sebesar 16 mM, yaitu tergolong resistensi tinggi. Hasil pengurutan gen 16s rDNA dan pohon filogeni menunjukkan bahwa isolat B54, B56, B61, dan B62 teridentifikasi sebagai Bacillus cereus, sedangkan isolat B63 dan B64 teridentifikasi sebagai Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Water-soluble nanomaterials self-assembly for improving the stability of natural food preservatives: A Review I Dewa Agung Panji Dwipayana
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol. 29 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2025.v29.i02.p07

Abstract

Food spoilage is still a global problem, contributing to foodborne illness, economic losses, and environmental burdens associated with food waste. Conventional chemical preservatives, while effective, face increasing regulatory restrictions and consumer concern regarding potential health risks, driving demand for safer and more natural alternatives. Natural preservatives such as essential oils, phenolic compounds, and antimicrobial peptides offer broad-spectrum antimicrobial and antioxidant activities but are limited by poor water solubility, volatility, degradation during processing, and inconsistent efficacy in complex food matrices. This narrative review examines recent advances in water-soluble self-assembled nanomaterials as stabilization and delivery systems for natural food preservatives. Emphasis is placed on supramolecular self-assembly principles, key non-covalent interactions in aqueous environments, common nanostructures including cyclodextrin inclusion complexes, polymer micelles, nanoemulsions, hydrogels, and vesicles, as well as assembly and characterization methods relevant to food applications. The review further discusses major food spoilage mechanisms and bacterial pathogens, highlighting synergistic effects achieved by combining nanomaterials with natural preservatives to enhance antimicrobial efficacy, prolong shelf life, and reduce sensory impacts. While these systems demonstrate significant promise for clean-label food preservation, challenges related to scalability, cost, sensory optimization, safety, migration, and regulatory acceptance remain. Addressing these issues through green synthesis, mechanistic studies, and robust safety assessments will be essential to support the responsible translation of self-assembled nanomaterials into practical and sustainable food preservation strategies.
PCR reaction testing by using microsatellite DNA markers on Bali Myna samples (Leucopsar rothschildi Stressemann, 1912) Utami Lestari Budiawati; Made Pharmawati; Luh Putu Eswaryanti Kusuma Yuni
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol. 29 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2025.v29.i02.p04

Abstract

Genetic research requires a good quality and quantity of DNA template and appropriate conditions to obtain optimal PCR results. This study aimed to evaluate and compare PCR reaction conditions and compositions in Bali Myna (Leucopsar rothschildi Stressemann, 1912) samples in order to generate PCR products. Samples were obtained from calamus feathers and buccal swabs of captive Bali Mynas at Taman Nasional Bali Barat and the Friends of National Parks Foundation, Nusa Penida, Bali. The DNA extraction was carried out using Chelex® 5% and GeneJET Genomic DNA Purification Kit Thermo Fisher K0721. This study used microsatellite markers with five pairs primers (primer 1 Lr031337, primer 2 Lr052255, primer 3 Lr104861, primer 4 Lr123908, primer 5 Lr045800). The results indicated that calamus samples performed better than buccal swab samples. DNA extracted using the GeneJET Genomic DNA Purification Kit (Thermo Fisher K0721) yielded better results than DNA extracted using Chelex® 5%, as indicated by successful DNA amplification. PCR amplification using primer 3 was successfully achieved with a reaction mixture consisting of 10 µl (1×) mastermix, 1 µM forward primer, 1 µM reverse primer, and DNA template concentrations of 0.5 ng/µl, 1 ng/µl, 2.5 ng/µl, and 3.5 ng/µl. The PCR was performed at an annealing temperature of 55°C for 35 amplification cycles, producing a PCR product of 250 bp.

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