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Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia

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Materials Science & Nanotechnology

Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Materials Science), diterbitkan oleh Pusat Teknologi Bahan Industri Nuklir - BATAN. Terbit pertama kali: Oktober 1999, frekuensi terbit: empat bulanan.

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Articles 865 Documents

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EFEK ADITIF FeMo DAN PROSES KALSINASI PADA SERBUK MAGNETIK BaFe12O19 Ayu Yuswita Sari; Cut Hani Safira; Eko Arief Setiadi; Silviana Simbolon; Candra Kurniawan; Perdamean Sebayang
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 18, No 3: APRIL 2017
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

Pada penelitian ini, telah dilakukan investigasi efek aditif FeMo dan proses kalsinasi pada pembuatan magnet permanen bariumheksaferit (BaFe12O19). Proses pembuatan magnet bariumheksaferit dilakukan denganmetode mechanical alloying. Serbuk hasil mixing antara BaFe12O19dan FeMo dikalsinasi dengan variasi suhu kalsinasi 1000 oC dan 1200 oC. Karakterisasi yang dilakukan meliputi sifat fisis dan magnetik, dengan menggunakan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) dan piknometeruntuk mengetahui fasa dan nilai densitas magnet, serta menggunakanVibrating SampleMagnetometer (VSM) pada pengukuran sifatmagnetikmagnet bariumheksaferit. Dari hasil eksperimen, dapat diketahui bahwa penambahan aditif FeMo dapat menaikkan nilai densitas pada serbuk bariumheksaferit. Hasil analisis sifat magnetik, dapat diketahui bahwa penambahan aditif FeMo secara keseluruhan menurunkan sifat magnetik magnet. Namun penambahan %wt FeMo menaikkan nilai remanensi, saturasi dan energi produk maksimum (BHmax) magnet barium heksaferit, meskipun nilai koersivitas magnet tetap menurun. Sedangkan kenaikan suhu kalsinasi mampu menaikkan nilai remanensi, dan BHmax, namun menurunkan nilai koersivitas dan saturasi dari magnet barium heksaferit. Hal ini menunjukkan penambahan zat aditif FeMo mampu mengubah struktur material magnet permanen barium heksaferit dari hard magnetik menjadi soft magnetik material. Nilai optimumdihasilkan pada komposisi penambahan 5 %wt aditif FeMo dengan nilai densitas serbuk 3,71 g/cm3 sebelum dikalsinasi, dan memiliki sifat magnetik seperti: saturasi 2,12 kG, remanensi 1,15 kG, koersivitas 0,45 kOe dan BHmax0,145 MGOe setelah dikalsinasi pada suhu 1000 oC.

MICRO-CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF 57Fe15Cr25Ni0.32Mn0.96Si AUSTENITE STEEL AFTER 850°C-5H TEMPERATURE-QUENCHING TREATMENTS FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE MATERIAL APPLICATIONS Parikin Parikin; Rudi Rudi; Sumaryo Sumaryo; S Ahda
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 20, No 1: OCTOBER 2018
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

MICRO-CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF 57Fe15Cr25Ni0.32Mn0.96Si AUSTENITE STEEL AFTER 850°C-5H TEMPERATURE-QUENCHING TREATMENTS FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE MATERIAL APPLICATIONS. A serial austenite stainless steel, namely A2-type, has been synthesized by using casting technique at temperature more than 1250 °C in the induction furnace that used an electromagnetic inductive-thermal system. The steel is dedicated for structural component material in multi-purpose applications such as in high-temperature operating environments. So, the material must be resistant to mechanical loads, high temperature, corrosion and irradiation. In order to increase the strength of materials, temperature-quenching treatments are required in some cooling media. Mineral element was extracted from crude ores of Indonesian mines and commercial scrap materials, i.e: ferro scrap, ferro chrome, nickel, manganese, and ferro silicon; all of them in granular shape were prepared to alloy the steel. Titanium was not added to this austenite low carbon steel. The OES-chemical composition in %wt of the materials is 57%Fe, 15%Cr, 25%Ni, 0.34%C and less than 0.1% of impurities that comprised of: titanium, phosphor, copper, niobium and sulphur elements in the steel. X-ray diffraction pattern shows that ascast material had an fcc crystal structure with lattice parameter of 3.632 Å. Meanwhile, two of samples, i.e: annealing and oil quench, have strictly similar lattice parameter to that of air (normalizing) quench (3.580 Å). On the other hand, the lattice parameter of water quenched samples has a slightly lower lattice parameter than the ascast lattice , i.e. 3.587 Å. The peak shift of (111) and (200) -plane in the diffraction profile, is very significant, approximately 0.63 degrees between ascast sample and the last two samples. Ascast microstructure reveals that the austenite phase grains look large and describe an undeformed structure, with an average grain size of about 6 mm, while the annealed sample was larger. Air- and oil- quenched sample microstructures showed a fine grain which was very different to water quenched sample microstructure that showed a coarse grain. The viscousity (h) of the quenching medium had an important role in the formation of grain boundary, because the rate of decreasing temperature was heavily influenced by the diffusion of heat from the high to low temperature spaces.

KEMAGNETAN HOLMIUM(III)OKSIDA DALAM MICROSPHERE POLILAKTAT Sudaryanto Sudaryanto; Wahyudianingsih Wahyudianingsih; Ari Handayani; Deswita Deswita; Mujamilah Mujamilah; Abdul Mutholib
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia EDISI KHUSUS: OKTOBER 2007
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

KEMAGNETAN HOLMIUM(III)OKSIDA DALAM MICROSPHERE POLILAKTAT. Kemagnetan holmium (III) oksida (Ho2O3) yang terkungkung dalam microsphere berbasis polimer biodegrable polilaktat (PLA) telah diuji menggunakan Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). Pengungkungan Ho2O3 dalam microsphere PLA dilakukan dengan metode penguapan pelarut dalam air. Microsphere dengan komposisi kandungan Ho2O3 terhadap PLA 0 ~ 20% berat dipersiapkan sebagai sampel uji. Bentuk dan ukuran microsphere dikonfirmasi menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Ukuran rata-rata microsphere PLA berisi Ho2O3 sekitar 30 μm. Keberadaan dan kandungan Ho2O3 dalam microsphere dapat dipastikan berdasarkan kurva histeresis hasil pengukuran VSM yang menunjukkan struktur paramagnetik. Respon kemagnetan Ho2O3 dalam microspheremeningkat seiring dengan peningkatan komposisinya. Persentase kemagnetan Ho2O3 dalam microsphere terhadap Ho2O3 murni sebanding dengan komposisinya, hal ini menunjukkan kemagnetan Ho2O3 tidak dipengaruhi oleh PLA sebagai pengungkungnya

BIOSYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR INTERACTION STUDY WITH METFORMIN Dian Anggraini; Siti Suhartati; Iwan Syahjoko Saputra; Sudirman Sudirman
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 21, No 2: JANUARY 2020
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

BIOSYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR INTERACTION STUDY WITH METFORMIN. Synthesis of gold nanoparticles successfully carried using Imperata cylindrica L leaf extract. In this study, the approach used through green synthesis method is a reaction betwen of the HAuCl4 solution (concentration variation as 3; 5; 7 x 10-4 M) with Imperata cylindrica L leaf extract. Results of UV-Vis showed of gold nanoparticles has a maximum wavelength at 530 nm with absorbance value of 1.4. Results of FTIR shows a shift the absorption peak at wavenumber of 3392 cm-1 to 3404 cm-1. PSA and PZC showed the distribution of gold nanoparticles was 48.84 nm with a charge of 20.5 mV. Gold nanoparticles has a spherical shape and an average particle size of 20 nm which can be seen from the results of the characterization using TEM. XRD showed crystalize size average of gold nanoparticles as 20.47 nm. The interaction between of gold nanoparticles with metformin can be seen in the absorbance decrease of 0.38 at a wavelength of 531 nm and the results of PSA shows an average particle size of AuNPs@metformin is 122 nm. From the characterization data can be concluded the gold nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using natural bioreductors by utilizing secondary metabolites from Imperata cylindrica L leaf extract.

BIOSYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR INTERACTION STUDY WITH METFORMIN Anggraini, Dian; Suhartati, Siti; Saputra, Iwan Syahjoko; Sudirman, Sudirman
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 21, No 2: JANUARY 2020
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

CHEMICAL DEGRADATION OF NAFION MEMBRANES UNDER PEMFC AS INVESTIGATED BY DFT METHOD Rochmad K Sanjaya; Juliandri Juliandri; Iman Rahayu; Nurul Ismillayli; dhony hermanto
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 21, No 2: JANUARY 2020
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

CHEMICAL DEGRADATION OF NAFION MEMBRANES UNDER PEMFC AS INVESTIGATED BY DFT METHOD. An exsitu method has been developed to performance of Nafion's membrane in PEMFC (Proton Electrolyt Membrane Fuel Cells), caused by the chemical degradation of ·OH and ∙H radicals. The change of the chemical structure occurring during the degradation were primarily calculated of the relative energy of reactions by DFT (Density Functional Theory) method approach in the Gaussian software. This study aims to determine whether DFT method with functional B3LYP, PBEPBE, and B3PW91 and base sets 6-311++G can be used in determining the relative energy of a reaction and knowing the difference in role between ·OH and ∙H in the degradation process of the main chain Nafion with the final group are -CF2H, -CF=CF2 and -COOH. The three functionalities applied showed that the ·OH radical has more role than the ∙H radical in the degradation process of the Nafion main chain. In the -CF2H group was shown the relative energy value of reaction 2 is lower than reaction 5, in the -CF=CF2 group was shown the relative energy value of reaction 8* is lower than reaction 11 and in the -COOH group the relative energ value of reaction 14 is lower than reaction 16. By knowing the relative energy of the Nafion main chain degradation reaction with a certain final group and the role of certain radical compounds in the degradation process, the DFT method with functional B3LYP, PBEPBE and B3PW91 and base sets 6-311++G can recommend various modifications of the Nafion as a fuel cell membrane, particularly in increasing of membrane performance.

CHEMICAL DEGRADATION OF NAFION MEMBRANES UNDER PEMFC AS INVESTIGATED BY DFT METHOD Sanjaya, Rochmad K; Juliandri, Juliandri; Rahayu, Iman; Ismillayli, Nurul; hermanto, dhony
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 21, No 2: JANUARY 2020
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

CHEMICAL DEGRADATION OF NAFION MEMBRANES UNDER PEMFC AS INVESTIGATED BY DFT METHOD. An exsitu method has been developed to performance of Nafion's membrane in PEMFC (Proton Electrolyt Membrane Fuel Cells), caused by the chemical degradation of Â·OH and âˆ™H radicals. The change of the chemical structure occurring during the degradation were primarily calculated of the relative energy of reactions by DFT (Density Functional Theory) method approach in the Gaussian software. This study aims to determine whether DFT method with functional B3LYP, PBEPBE, and B3PW91 and base sets 6-311++G can be used in determining the relative energy of a reaction and knowing the difference in role between Â·OH and âˆ™H in the degradation process of the main chain Nafion with the final group are -CF2H, -CF=CF2 and -COOH. The three functionalities applied showed that the Â·OH radical has more role than the âˆ™H radical in the degradation process of the Nafion main chain. In the -CF2H group was shown the relative energy value of reaction 2 is lower than reaction 5, in the -CF=CF2 group was shown the relative energy value of reaction 8* is lower than reaction 11 and in the -COOH group the relative energ value of reaction 14 is lower than reaction 16. By knowing the relative energy of the Nafion main chain degradation reaction with a certain final group and the role of certain radical compounds in the degradation process, the DFT method with functional B3LYP, PBEPBE and B3PW91 and base sets 6-311++G can recommend various modifications of the Nafion as a fuel cell membrane, particularly in increasing of membrane performance.

MICROWAVE-ASSISTED CENTRIFUGAL SPINNING OF GELATIN MICROFIBERS Kaido Siimon; Yu Yu Aung
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 21, No 2: JANUARY 2020
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

MICROWAVE-ASSISTED CENTRIFUGAL SPINNING OF GELATIN MICROFIBERS. Herein, we disclose a method for preparing polymeric microfibers. According to an embodiment of the method, gelatin fibers were prepared from 50% aqueous gelatin solution by centrifugal spinning. The produced material feels similar to wool to the touch. Average fiber diameter was determined to be 40 m. Thermal stability of the material is similar to that of gelatin fibers prepared by other techniques, e.g. electrospinning. Elastic modulus of the fibrous material was determined to be 230 MPa and its toughness was found to be 160 kJ/m3. The described method is one of the fastest low-cost lab-scale fiber production techniques available (as a practical example, the speed of fiber production was roughly 5 g/s) and could be used to prepare various polymeric fibers in an eco-friendly way for a wide range of applications, including textile industry, tissue engineering and drug delivery.

MICROWAVE-ASSISTED CENTRIFUGAL SPINNING OF GELATIN MICROFIBERS Siimon, Kaido; Aung, Yu Yu
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 21, No 2: JANUARY 2020
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

MICROWAVE-ASSISTED CENTRIFUGAL SPINNING OF GELATIN MICROFIBERS. Herein, we disclose a method for preparing polymeric microfibers. According to an embodiment of the method, gelatin fibers were prepared from 50% aqueous gelatin solution by centrifugal spinning. The produced material feels similar to wool to the touch. Average fiber diameter was determined to be 40 ïm. Thermal stability of the material is similar to that of gelatin fibers prepared by other techniques, e.g. electrospinning. Elastic modulus of the fibrous material was determined to be 230 MPa and its toughness was found to be 160 kJ/m3. The described method is one of the fastest low-cost lab-scale fiber production techniques available (as a practical example, the speed of fiber production was roughly 5 g/s) and could be used to prepare various polymeric fibers in an eco-friendly way for a wide range of applications, including textile industry, tissue engineering and drug delivery.

COMPARATION OF RUBBER MILLING PROCESS TO PRODUCE NATURAL RUBBER COUMPOUNDS USING MODIFIED AND UNMODIFIED LOCAL CLAY FILLER Abu Hasan; Martha Aznury; Indah Purnamasari; Muhammad Zaman; Robert Junaidi; Rahmaniar Rahmaniar
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 21, No 2: JANUARY 2020
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

COMPARISON OF RUBBER MILLING PROCESS TO PRODUCE NATURAL RUBBER COMPOUNDS USING MODIFIED AND UNMODIFIED LOCAL CLAY FILLER. Many researchers have studied the effect of modified clay as filler on rubber compounds for both natural rubber and synthetic rubber. Various chemicals are used as clay modifiers. In the rubber milling process, modified clay is directly used as filler after pretreatment with clay modifier. However, clay modifiers can also be milled together with original clay during the rubber mastication and milling process. Thus both of these methods certainly produce different physical properties, so the comparison of the two rubber milling processes is the focus of this research. The analysis of the curing characteristics and physical properties of vulcanized natural rubber was carried out with a rheometer and physical properties test units. Thermal analysis was carried out using TG/DTA and dispersion of filler on the rubber compound was analyzed by SEM. The results of the curing characteristic of the rubber compound and the physical properties of vulcanization showed that there was an effect due to the comparison of the rubber milling process. Modified clay using JH-S69 is better than JH-S69 milled with original clay and vice versa occurs in PEG 4000 which is used as clay modifier. PEG 4000 which is milled together with original clay produces curing characteristic and physical properties of vulcanization better than pretreatment of clay to be modified clay. This analysis is in line with the analysis using SEM.

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