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Academia Open
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27147444     DOI : 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12985
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Academia Open is published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo published 2 (two) issues per year (June and December). This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. This journal aims is to provide a place for academics and practitioners to publish original research and review articles. The articles basically contains any topics research or review. Academia Open is available in online version. Language used in this journal is Indonesia or English.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,389 Documents
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Picture and Picture Model Supports Better Mathematics Learning in Early Grades: Model Picture and Picture Mendukung Proses Belajar Matematika Lebih Baik di Kelas Awal Celsy Okta Liski; Nurlev Avana; Dhini Mufthi
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12196

Abstract

Background: Low mathematics achievement among early-grade students is often linked to passive learning and limited use of interactive teaching media. Specific Background: Traditional approaches in SDN 109/II Dusun Mangis failed to engage students effectively in mathematical concept comprehension. Knowledge Gap: Few studies have examined the use of the Picture and Picture model in mathematics for first graders, despite its success in science and language subjects. Aim: This study aimed to improve students’ mathematics learning process and outcomes through the implementation of the Picture and Picture cooperative model. Results: Classroom Action Research was conducted in two cycles with planning, action, observation, and reflection phases. Results showed an increase in teacher performance (from sufficient to very good), higher student activeness (from low to highly active), and a significant rise in students meeting the minimum mastery criteria (from 64.29% in Cycle I to 92.86% in Cycle II). Novelty: This research provides empirical evidence for the use of Picture and Picture in mathematics at the early grade level, contributing to differentiated learning strategies. Implications: The findings encourage teachers to integrate visual and cooperative learning models to support active participation and improved learning outcomes in primary education. Highlight: Improved teacher performance and student activeness across cycles Higher number of students achieving minimum mastery criteria Visual-based learning supported conceptual understanding in early math learning Keyword: Picture and Picture, Mathematics Learning, Cooperative Learning, Student Activeness, Primary Education
Oligarchic Power Representation in Documentary Film Pesta Oligarki: Representasi Kekuatan Oligarki dalam Film Dokumenter Pesta Oligarki Dwi Cahyo Nugroho; M Andi Fikri
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12197

Abstract

General Background: Oligarchy remains a significant issue in Indonesian political and economic discourse, particularly within democratic and electoral processes. Specific Background: The documentary film Pesta Oligarki produced by Watchdoc Documentary presents socio-political phenomena related to elite domination during the 2024 Indonesian elections. Knowledge Gap: Academic examination of how oligarchic practices are symbolically represented through documentary visual narratives remains limited. Aims: This study analyzes the representation of oligarchic practices in the film using Charles Sanders Peirce’s semiotic framework. Results: Six major scenes illustrate land evictions, legislative control by political parties, political image construction, state repression, presidential nomination restrictions, and opposition co-optation, demonstrating oligarchic penetration into political, legal, and social structures. Novelty: This research applies Peirce’s triadic semiotic model to interpret oligarchic symbolism within Indonesian political documentary cinema. Implications: The findings highlight documentary film as a medium of social criticism and political education that encourages public critical awareness of democratic processes and power relations in Indonesia. Highlights: Visual Narratives Reveal Systemic Elite Domination Across Governance, Law, and Public Policy Processes. Symbolic Cinematic Elements Portray Democracy as Structurally Controlled by Concentrated Political and Economic Actors. Documentary Storytelling Functions as a Critical Medium for Public Political Awareness and Reflection. Keywords: Oligarchy, Documentary Film, Semiotics, Political Communication, 2024 Elections
Women's Knowledge Toward the Side Effects of Hormonal Birth Control Pills Asmaa Hammooz
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12199

Abstract

Objectives: The study's goals were to assess women's awareness of the negative effects of hormonal contraceptives and determine how that awareness related to their demographic traits. Methods: At hospitals in the Al-Qadisiyah Governorate, a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out to find out how much women knew about the negative effects of hormonal contraceptives. It was decided to prolong the study term from April 3, 2025, to July 25, 2025. Data collection was rescheduled from May 3, 2025, to June 2, 2025—purposive non-probability sample. (300) was the sample that was used. To participate in the study, participants fill out a form that is split into two sections: a demographic data form and information about the negative effects of hormonal contraceptive pills (11). Results: The results of this investigation showed that the most common general evaluation of knowledge among students was poor, and the mean (1.96) Conclusion: The overall assessment was a low level of knowledge, with a percentage of 39.6%. Highlights: Low awareness of contraceptive side effects among women. Education level significantly influences knowledge. Targeted interventions can improve reproductive health. Keywords: Women, Contraceptives, Knowledge, Side Effects, Education
Non-Genetic Factors Shaping Milk Composition in Early Lactation of Awassi Ewe Shahla Fathola Hassan
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12200

Abstract

General Background: Milk composition in sheep is influenced by various genetic and environmental factors. Specific Background: Among these, non-genetic contributors during early lactation remain underexplored, particularly in the Awassi breed reared in Iraq. Knowledge Gap: Limited data exist on how ewe-related non-genetic factors influence key milk constituents over time postpartum. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ewe age, lamb sex, birth type, and body weight on milk fat, lactose, protein, and solid-not-fat (SNF) concentrations during early lactation in Awassi ewes. Results: In a 4 × 2 × 2 × 3 factorial design using 50 ewes, milk fat declined from day 10 (8.55%) to day 30 (7.23%) before rebounding, while lactose remained stable (~4.3%), and both SNF and protein increased gradually. Young ewes had higher fat, whereas four-year-olds had the least. Twin births were associated with lower fat but higher lactose and SNF. Heavier ewes showed elevated SNF at later stages. Lamb sex had no significant impact. Negative correlations were observed between fat and both lactose and SNF. Novelty: This study is among the first to quantify time-specific effects of multiple non-genetic factors on Awassi milk traits. Implications: These findings underscore the importance of managing ewe-specific variables to enhance milk quality in Awassi sheep husbandry. Highlights: Non-genetic factors such as ewe age, birth type, and body weight significantly shape milk traits. Fat decreases mid-lactation, while protein and SNF steadily increase. Findings provide management insights to improve ovine dairy quality in semi-arid regions. Keywords: Awassi Ewes, Milk Composition, Non-Genetic Factors, Early Lactation
Transformational Leadership and Work Environment Shaping Turnover Intention Patterns: Kepemimpinan Transformasional dan Lingkungan Kerja yang Membentuk Pola Niat Berhenti Kerja Doni Rusmadiansyah; Wisnu Panggah Setiyono
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12201

Abstract

General Background: Employee retention remains a critical concern in human resource management, particularly in competitive business environments where organizations must maintain workforce stability to sustain operational continuity. Specific Background: PT Harian Bhirawa Surabaya experienced fluctuating employee turnover rates, with a recorded level exceeding acceptable organizational standards, raising concerns regarding leadership practices, workplace conditions, and employee attitudes toward their jobs. Knowledge Gap: Previous studies showed inconsistent findings regarding the relationships among transformational leadership, work environment, job satisfaction, and turnover intention, necessitating further empirical verification using alternative analytical approaches. Aims: This study aims to analyze the relationships between transformational leadership and work environment on turnover intention, as well as to examine the mediating role of job satisfaction among employees at PT Harian Bhirawa Surabaya. Results: The findings demonstrate that transformational leadership shows a significant negative relationship with turnover intention, while the work environment shows a significant positive relationship with turnover intention. Transformational leadership and work environment are both positively related to job satisfaction, and job satisfaction shows a negative relationship with turnover intention. Job satisfaction partially mediates the relationships between transformational leadership and turnover intention, as well as between work environment and turnover intention. Novelty: The study introduces the use of SmartPLS-based structural equation modeling to examine mediation relationships among organizational behavioral variables in the Indonesian media industry context. Implications: These findings provide managerial insights into designing leadership strategies and workplace arrangements to manage employee retention and organizational stability. Highlights: Leadership Behavior Demonstrates a Strong Inverse Relationship With Employee Withdrawal Tendencies. Workplace Physical and Organizational Conditions Correlate With Employee Retention Dynamics Through Satisfaction Mechanisms. Mediation Analysis Confirms Satisfaction as a Bridging Construct Linking Organizational Factors and Employee Resignation Tendencies. Keywords: Transformational Leadership, Work Environment, Turnover Intention, Job Satisfaction, Structural Equation Modeling
SAS Method Improves Early Reading Skills in Second Grade Students: Metode SAS Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Awal pada Siswa Kelas Dua Diffani Laila Sabila; Kemil Wachidah
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12202

Abstract

General Background: Early reading skills constitute a fundamental foundation for elementary school learning and are essential for academic development. Specific Background: Many lower-grade students still encounter difficulties in mastering beginning reading, necessitating structured instructional approaches such as the Structural Analytical Synthesis (SAS) method. Knowledge Gap: Despite prior studies on early reading instruction, limited evidence exists regarding the application of the SAS method to second-grade students within the specific context of SDN Lemah Putro 3. Aims: This study aimed to determine whether the SAS method could improve the initial reading ability of second-grade students at SDN Lemah Putro 3. Results: Using a pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design with 16 students, data collected through reading tests and observations showed a rise in mean scores from 80.4 on the pretest to 92.5 on the posttest, with paired sample t-test results indicating a statistically significant difference. Novelty: The study provides contextual empirical evidence on the application of the SAS method for early reading instruction at the second-grade level in an Indonesian elementary school setting. Implications: These findings suggest that the SAS method can serve as an alternative instructional strategy for beginning reading in primary education and support teachers in facilitating foundational literacy development. Highlights: Mean test scores increased from 80.4 before treatment to 92.5 after instruction. Statistical testing confirmed a significant difference between initial and final measurements. Learners showed greater fluency, accuracy, and pronunciation during reading tasks. Keywords: SAS Method; Early Reading Skills; Structural Analytical Synthesis; Elementary Students; Pre-Experimental Design
Legal Status of Traditional Fish Spices in Indonesian Fisheries Law: Status Hukum Bumbu Ikan Tradisional dalam Undang-Undang Perikanan Indonesia Rayhan Wahyu Wijaya; Sri Budi Purwaningsih
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12210

Abstract

General Background: Sustainable fisheries governance requires balancing environmental protection with the preservation of indigenous practices and community-based resource management. Specific Background: In several Indonesian regions, traditional fish spices derived from natural plants such as tuba, acacia, and sago are used in small-scale fishing and are regarded as part of inherited local wisdom. However, these practices are often perceived as equivalent to the use of chemical fish poisons, which are explicitly prohibited by national fisheries regulations. Knowledge Gap: Existing legal scholarship largely concentrates on destructive fishing methods using synthetic chemicals, while the juridical status of traditional plant-based substances within positive law remains insufficiently examined. Aims: This study analyzes whether traditional fish spices can be legally equated with chemical fish poisons under Indonesian fisheries, health, and chemical regulations using a normative juridical approach. Results: The analysis shows that traditional spices possess mild, biodegradable toxicity, are applied in limited quantities, and function selectively within small aquatic areas, whereas chemical poisons are highly toxic, persistent, non-selective, and environmentally destructive; consequently, traditional spices cannot be classified as prohibited poisons. Novelty: The study offers a legal interpretation that situates traditional plant-based fishing substances within the framework of local wisdom and sustainable resource use rather than within categories of banned hazardous materials. Implications: Policymakers should develop adaptive regulatory mechanisms that recognize cultural practices while ensuring environmental safeguards and supervision to maintain ecological sustainability. Highlights: Plant-derived substances used in customary fishing differ fundamentally from synthetic toxic agents in composition, persistence, and ecological scope. National regulations prohibit hazardous chemicals but allow space for culturally rooted resource practices under supervision. Recognition of community traditions can coexist with aquatic ecosystem protection through context-sensitive governance. Keywords:Traditional Fish Spices; Fisheries Law; Local Wisdom; Chemical Fish Poison; Environmental Sustainability
Analysis of the Relationship between Green Technology and Sustainable Development (United Arab Emirates as a Model): Analisis Hubungan antara Teknologi Hijau dan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan (Uni Emirat Arab sebagai Model) Basima Nyaz Mohsin Al Mohammed
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12214

Abstract

General Background: Green technology has emerged as a critical driver in addressing environmental degradation, climate change, and resource depletion while supporting global sustainability goals. Specific Background: The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has positioned itself as a regional leader in adopting green technologies, investing heavily in research, development, and infrastructure across energy, education, transportation, and health sectors. Knowledge Gap: Despite global interest, limited empirical research examines how national strategies, technological indicators, and innovation outputs collectively shape the UAE’s sustainable development trajectory. Aims: This study aims to analyze the relationship between green technology and sustainable development in the UAE, focusing on its policies, applications, and challenges. Results: Findings reveal that increased R&D expenditure, growth in scientific publications, expansion of renewable energy projects, and rising patent registrations significantly contributed to advancing smart cities, energy efficiency, and environmental sustainability. Novelty: The research provides an integrated assessment of technological, economic, and institutional dimensions, offering a comprehensive view of how green technology drives sustainability in an Arab context. Implications: The study highlights the UAE’s experience as a transferable model for emerging economies, emphasizing the need for continuous investment, policy alignment, and private-sector engagement to strengthen the global transition toward sustainable development.Highlight : Green technology plays a key role in achieving sustainable development in the UAE. Smart city projects and renewable energy are main applications of green technology. Research, development, and patents strengthen innovation and sustainability. Keywords : Green Technology, Sustainable Development, Smart City, Renewable Energy, Patents
Macro Role Playing Supports Adaptive Behaviour in Early Childhood: Permainan Peran Makro Mendukung Perilaku Adaptif pada Masa Kanak-kanak Awal Qurrota A`yunin; Agus Salim
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12216

Abstract

Adaptive behaviour is fundamental for early childhood adjustment to school and social environments, requiring learning experiences that mirror real-life social situations. In the observed kindergarten context, role-playing activities had been implemented regularly, yet a focused analysis of their contribution to children’s adaptive behaviour had not previously been conducted. Existing literature highlights the developmental benefits of symbolic play, but specific evidence from this institutional setting remained limited. This study addresses that gap by examining how role-playing activities contribute to adaptive behaviour among children aged 5–6 years in a classroom environment. The research aims to analyse the contribution of the role-playing method to adaptive behaviour and identify the types of role play that produce positive outcomes. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected from 35 children, teachers, and parents through observation, interviews, and documentation, with source triangulation ensuring validity and interactive analysis guiding interpretation. Findings indicate that macro role-playing activities—such as simulations of shopping, transportation, museum visits, and professional roles—are associated with improved adjustment, social interaction, cooperation, emotional regulation, and basic problem solving. Supporting conditions include teacher facilitation, adequate play facilities, environmental support, and high child engagement, while limitations relate to equipment availability and individual differences. The study’s novelty lies in documenting context-specific implementation of macro role play using realistic props within everyday learning themes. These findings imply that structured experiential play can serve as a practical strategy for fostering adaptive behaviour in early childhood education settings. Highlights: Realistic simulations encourage cooperation, discipline, and rule-following during classroom activities. Structured scenarios facilitate emotional control and adjustment in new situations. Teacher guidance and supportive environments are essential for successful implementation. Keywords: Role Playing; Adaptive Behaviour; Macro Role Play; Early Childhood Education; Social Skills
HbA1c Association With Transaminase Levels in Type 2 Diabetes: Hubungan HbA1c dengan Tingkat Transaminase pada Diabetes Tipe 2 Intan Dara Puspita; Syahrul Ardiansyah
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12217

Abstract

General Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia and progressive multisystem complications, including hepatic involvement. Specific Background: Hemoglobin A1c represents long-term glycemic control, while serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase are widely used biomarkers of hepatocellular injury in clinical practice. Knowledge Gap: Despite routine use of these parameters, evidence describing their statistical relationship in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients remains limited, particularly in Indonesian clinical settings. Aims: This study aimed to analyze the correlation between HbA1c levels and SGOT and SGPT levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results: A quantitative analytical cross-sectional design was applied to 30 patients aged over 45 years. Kendall’s tau-b analysis demonstrated a significant positive correlation between HbA1c and SGOT (p=0.000; r=0.557) and between HbA1c and SGPT (p=0.018; r=0.317), indicating moderate and low correlation strengths, respectively. Novelty: This study provides empirical evidence linking long-term glycemic control indicators with liver enzyme alterations among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a hospital-based Indonesian population. Implications: The findings suggest that elevated HbA1c levels are associated with increased liver enzyme levels, supporting the integration of glycemic monitoring and liver function assessment in the comprehensive management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Highlights: Long-term glycemic status showed a statistically significant relationship with hepatic enzyme levels. The association strength differed between transaminase parameters, with a stronger pattern observed for AST. Elevated biochemical markers indicated potential hepatic involvement among older diabetic patients. Keywords : Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, HbA1c, SGOT, SGPT, Liver Function

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