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Academia Open
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27147444     DOI : 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12985
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Academia Open is published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo published 2 (two) issues per year (June and December). This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. This journal aims is to provide a place for academics and practitioners to publish original research and review articles. The articles basically contains any topics research or review. Academia Open is available in online version. Language used in this journal is Indonesia or English.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,389 Documents
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Goal Programming Model in Financial Planning of the International Development Bank M.M. Suhad Faisal Aboud
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12858

Abstract

General Background: Financial institutions often face complex decision-making challenges due to the need to balance multiple, conflicting objectives such as profitability, cost control, and liquidity management. Specific Background: Traditional financial planning models struggle to accommodate these competing goals, especially in developing economies with resource constraints. Knowledge Gap: Existing studies have applied goal programming (GP) in limited industrial contexts, but its comprehensive use in the financial sector of emerging markets, such as Iraq, remains underexplored. Aims: This study aims to apply a goal programming model to optimize the financial planning of the International Development Bank for Investment and Finance (IDB) during 2016–2024, integrating multiple financial objectives under prioritized constraints. Results: The model, solved using WINQSB, achieved near-optimal solutions with minimal deviations between actual and target values across revenues, expenses, net profit, and fixed assets, confirming its effectiveness in managing competing goals. Novelty: This research introduces a weighted-preemptive hybrid goal programming framework that quantitatively aligns strategic financial objectives within constrained environments. Implications: The findings demonstrate the model’s potential as a practical decision-support tool for banks, enabling sustainable financial performance and efficient resource allocation in complex, multidimensional financial systems.Highlight : Shows how Goal Programming optimizes conflicting financial goals effectively. Demonstrates balanced achievement of revenue, cost, and profit targets in banking. Suggests the model’s practical use for sustainable financial decision-making. Keywords : Goal Programming, Weighted Method, Preemptive Method, Negative Deviation, Positive Deviation
Between Symbols and Service: Inclusive Leadership in Faith-Based Hospitals, Identity Safety, and Interfaith Patient Trust in Yogyakarta Qurratul Aini; Rini Eka Sari
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12859

Abstract

General Background: Faith-based hospitals in Yogyakarta operate within a pluralistic society where patient trust is shaped by both clinical competence and identity-sensitive service cues. Specific Background: Inclusive leadership is theorised to reduce identity threat and enhance fairness perceptions, yet empirical evidence on its effects for interfaith patients remains limited. Knowledge Gap: Existing studies have not clarified how leadership-driven identity-safe cues and justice perceptions jointly influence trust, affective comfort, and patient behavioural outcomes in faith-based healthcare. Aims: This study examines a structural model linking inclusive leadership, identity-safe religious cues, procedural/interactional justice, trust, comfort, satisfaction, and post-service behaviour. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 114 outpatients from two urban hospitals was analysed using PLS-SEM. Results: Inclusive leadership strongly predicted identity-safe cues and fairness perceptions, which in turn significantly increased trust; trust enhanced comfort, driving satisfaction, revisit intention, and positive word of mouth. Novelty: This study reframes inclusive leadership as a consumer-facing signal of warmth, competence, and interfaith respect, advancing identity-safety theory into healthcare consumption. Implications: Hospitals should institutionalise inclusive cue architecture and transparent procedures to strengthen trust, elevate patient experience, and reinforce competitive advantage. Highlights: Inclusive leadership strengthens identity-safe religious cues and fairness signals. Trust and affective comfort act as key mediators toward satisfaction and loyalty. Identity-safe service design enhances interfaith patient experience and hospital competitiveness. Keywords: Inclusive Leadership, Identity-Safe Cues, Trust, Patient Comfort, Faith-Based Hospitals
Reconstructing Criminal Policy on Asset Recovery: A Comparative Study of Anti-Corruption Enforcement in Indonesia and Nigeria: Merekonstruksi Kebijakan Pidana dalam Pemulihan Aset: Studi Perbandingan Penegakan Hukum Anti-Korupsi di Indonesia dan Nigeria Ni Putu Ratnayutika
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12861

Abstract

General background: Corruption remains a systemic challenge that undermines governance, economic stability, and public trust, particularly in developing countries. Specific background: Indonesia and Nigeria have established legal frameworks for asset recovery, yet both continue to face structural, procedural, and institutional barriers that inhibit effective tracing, confiscation, and repatriation of illicit assets. Knowledge gap: Existing studies predominantly focus on normative analysis and provide limited comparative insights into how different legal systems influence the effectiveness of asset recovery. Aims: This study analyzes and compares the criminal policy frameworks of Indonesia and Nigeria to reconstruct an integrative and cross-jurisdictional model for asset recovery. Results: The study finds that Indonesia’s framework is normatively comprehensive but constrained by fragmented regulations and weak interagency coordination, while Nigeria shows stronger effectiveness through specialized institutions and non-conviction-based forfeiture despite challenges in political independence and bureaucratic integrity. Novelty: This research offers a comparative reconstruction that integrates legal norms, institutional performance, and international cooperation. Implications: The proposed model emphasizes the need for centralized asset-recovery bodies, expanded forfeiture mechanisms, and strengthened mutual legal assistance to enhance anti-corruption enforcement and restore public financial integrity. Highlights: Highlights contrasting effectiveness between Indonesia’s fragmented framework and Nigeria’s specialized institutions. Emphasizes the need for integrated national and international cooperation in asset recovery. Proposes a reconstructed policy model featuring centralized coordination and expanded forfeiture mechanisms. Keywords: Asset Recovery, Criminal Policy, Corruption, Indonesia, Nigeria
Basic Concept Of Islamic Education Stream And Thought (APPI) Moh. Ayyub Mustofa; M. Yunus Abu Bakar; Ali Mas’ud
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12866

Abstract

General Background: Islamic education encompasses diverse schools of thought shaped across classical to contemporary eras. Specific Background: The Streams and Paradigms of Islamic Education (APPI) articulate integrative, transformative, and holistic frameworks influenced by figures such as Al-Ghazali, Ibn Sina, Ibn Khaldun, and modern reformists like Muhammad Iqbal. Knowledge Gap: Despite the richness of these paradigms, limited studies synthesize their foundational concepts in relation to contemporary challenges such as digitalization, scientific dichotomy, and the demands of Society 5.0. Aims: This study analyzes the core concepts of APPI as a theoretical basis for developing an adaptive and comprehensive Islamic education system. Results: Findings reveal that APPI is grounded in integrated epistemology—uniting revelation, reason, and experience—supported by the pillars of tarbiyah, ta’lim, and ta’dib. The integrative paradigm bridges religious and modern sciences, the transformative paradigm reorients learning toward student-centered and value-based approaches, and the holistic paradigm fosters multidimensional human development. Novelty: This research offers a unified analytical framework connecting classical thought, modern reformist ideas, and technological demands. Implications: APPI provides a strategic foundation for curriculum reform, character-based pedagogy, and Islamic-aligned digital innovation to strengthen the relevance and authenticity of Islamic education today. Highlights: Highlights the foundational pillars of tarbiyah, ta’lim, and ta’dib in shaping holistic Islamic education. Emphasizes integration of classical thought and modern reform to address contemporary educational challenges. Presents APPI as a strategic framework for curriculum renewal and technology-aligned Islamic pedagogy. Keywords: Islamic Education, APPI, Integrative Paradigm, Transformative Learning, Holistic Framework
Neuro-inflammation and Serum Cytokine Levels in Schizophrenia Patients Ahmed Abbas Barh Aljamah; Majid Komijani
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12867

Abstract

General Background: Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a chronic and multifactorial neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by disturbances in cognition, emotion, and behavior, affecting approximately one percent of the global population. Specific Background: Recent studies have increasingly implicated neuroinflammation and immune system dysregulation, particularly involving cytokines, in the pathophysiology of SCZ. However, the specific roles and interactions of inflammatory mediators such as interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) remain unclear. Knowledge Gap: Limited empirical data exist on how these cytokines correlate with clinical characteristics and demographic factors in SCZ, especially regarding gender differences and their potential as biomarkers. Aims: This study aimed to assess serum levels of IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α in SCZ patients compared to healthy controls using ELISA and to analyze their interrelationships. Results: Findings revealed significantly higher serum concentrations of IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α in SCZ patients (p<0.0001), with IL-8 levels notably elevated in female patients. Novelty: This research highlights IL-8 as a gender-sensitive biomarker of neuroinflammation in SCZ, contributing to the understanding of immune involvement in its pathogenesis. Implications: The results suggest that cytokine profiling may aid in identifying inflammatory subtypes of SCZ and support the development of targeted immunomodulatory therapies.Highlight : The study confirms elevated IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α levels in SCZ patients compared to controls. Results suggest that SCZ involves neuro-inflammatory processes linked to immune system activation. Cytokines may serve as useful biomarkers for developing targeted therapeutic strategies in SCZ. Keywords : Schizophrenia (SCZ), Neuroinflammation, IL-8, IL-10, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α)
Reformulation of Annual Patent Fee Payment Regulations as an Effort to Prevent the Loss of Intellectual Property Rights: Reformulasi Pengaturan Pembayaran Biaya Tahunan Paten sebagai Upaya Mencegah Hapusnya Hak Kekayaan Intelektual Olivia Medianna; Gunardi Lie
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12868

Abstract

General Background Patent protection plays a vital role in supporting technological innovation and economic development. Specific Background In Indonesia, the obligation to pay annual patent fees as mandated by Law No. 13/2016 and Law No. 65/2024 aims to ensure administrative order, yet in practice creates financial barriers for individual inventors, universities, and small enterprises. Knowledge Gap Existing policies do not fully resolve issues of accumulated arrears under earlier regulations and have not provided mechanisms that ensure fair treatment for patent holders with limited financial resources. Aim This study analyzes the urgency of reformulating annual patent fee regulations to prevent the loss of patent rights caused by delays in payment. Results Findings show that regulatory weaknesses, insufficient monitoring systems, and financial limitations among patent holders contribute to high patent deletion rates and low commercialization of research outcomes. Novelty This research proposes a new policy model including progressive fee structures, early warning systems, reinstatement opportunities, creation of a national patent support fund, and digital management through a Patent Information Management System. Implications These reforms are expected to build a more equitable and inclusive intellectual property governance framework that strengthens innovation-driven economic growth in Indonesia. Highlights: High annual fees cause loss of patent rights among financially limited holders. Policy reform is needed to improve fairness and administrative effectiveness. Proposed solutions include progressive fees, early warnings, and system digitalization. Keywords: Patent Policy, Annual Fees, Legal Reform, Innovation Governance
Econometric Analysis of the Relationship Between Crop Yields Under Agricultural Risk Diversification Baymirzaev Dilmurod Nematovich
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12869

Abstract

General Background: Agricultural diversification is a vital strategy for reducing systemic risks and stabilizing farm income under climate variability. Specific Background: In Uzbekistan, particularly in the Namangan region, limited empirical evidence exists on how wheat and cotton yields interact within the framework of risk diversification. Knowledge Gap: Despite global studies on crop diversification, the causal and econometric relationships between major crops under local environmental conditions remain underexplored. Aims: This study examines the temporal and econometric interdependence between wheat and cotton yields from 1990 to 2024 using correlation analysis, Granger causality tests, and Vector Autoregression (VAR) modeling. Results: Findings reveal that while most districts exhibit weak or negative correlations conducive to diversification, the Chust district shows a strong positive yield relationship due to similar agronomic conditions. Granger causality indicates that in Kosonsoy and Norin, wheat yield significantly influences cotton yield, whereas in Turaqo‘rg‘on the reverse holds true. Novelty: The study introduces a district-level econometric assessment of inter-crop dynamics, highlighting asymmetric causal patterns shaped by soil and water resource variations. Implications: Results suggest that optimizing crop rotation and water distribution can mitigate covariate risks and stabilize farmers’ income, offering evidence-based guidance for regional agricultural policy in Uzbekistan.Highlight : The study examines the econometric relationship between wheat and cotton yields under agricultural risk diversification in Namangan region. Results show varied correlations and causal directions, influenced by soil and water resource conditions. Findings support policies to enhance crop rotation, resource management, and income stability for farmers. Keywords : Agricultural Risks, Diversification, Wheat, Cotton, Yield
Management In Healthcare: Developing A Value Framework For Small Physical Therapy Organizations Yusupov Sharif Abror Ugli
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12870

Abstract

General Background: Modern healthcare systems are evolving toward higher quality, efficiency, and patient-centered outcomes, leading to a global shift toward value-based healthcare (VBHC). Specific Background: While large healthcare organizations have implemented various VBHC models, small and micro Physical Therapy Primary Healthcare Organizations (PHOs) face unique challenges due to limited resources and structural constraints. Knowledge Gap: Current frameworks inadequately address how small PHOs can measure and operationalize healthcare value in ways that integrate quality, performance, and adaptability. Aims: This study aims to develop a comprehensive Healthcare Value (HV) Framework tailored to the needs of small PHOs, integrating patient-centered, stakeholder-centered, and organization-centered outcomes. Results: Through a scoping review of 74 studies and expert consultations, the proposed HV framework successfully synthesizes healthcare quality, performance outcomes, and organizational capacity for change. Findings show that small PHOs can adopt value-based approaches by optimizing resources, fostering collaboration, and enhancing innovation. Novelty: The integration of “capacity for change” into value assessment represents a novel contribution, addressing dynamic healthcare environments faced by small organizations. Implications: The framework provides a practical guide for small PHOs to align strategic management with patient and stakeholder needs, supporting sustainable healthcare delivery and future digital transformation initiatives.Highlight : The study develops a Healthcare Value Framework specific to small physical therapy primary healthcare organizations. It emphasizes the integration of patient-centered, stakeholder-centered, and organizational outcomes. The framework highlights the role of organizational capacity for change in enhancing healthcare quality and performance. Keywords : Healthcare Value, Physical Therapy, Primary Healthcare Organizations, Value-Based Healthcare, Organizational Capacity
Comparative Study of Digital Banking Services: User Experience Analysis of BYOND by BSI and BALE by BTN Applications in the Era of Digital Banking Transformation Nur Milla; Trischa Relanda Putra
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12871

Abstract

General Background: The rapid expansion of digital banking in Indonesia has driven banks to develop super apps that integrate financial and lifestyle services. Specific Background: BYOND by BSI and BALE by BTN represent two major innovations reflecting distinct strategic orientations—sharia-based digital integration and lifestyle-oriented financial ecosystems. Knowledge Gap: Despite their rapid adoption, limited comparative studies analyze how these apps differ in user experience, feature effectiveness, and progress toward becoming full super apps. Aims: This study aims to compare BYOND and BALE in terms of service features, security, transactional ease, user satisfaction, and super-app readiness. Results: Findings indicate that BYOND excels in sharia-integrated services and transactional completeness, while BALE performs strongly in mortgage-related features and financial lifestyle support. Both applications are perceived as secure, though concerns over potential data leakage remain. Novelty: This study provides one of the first qualitative comparative analyses of Indonesia’s emerging banking super apps using user-experience-driven evidence. Implications: The results suggest that BYOND is closer to achieving super-app maturity, whereas BALE holds significant potential through ecosystem expansion, offering strategic insights for digital banking development in Indonesia. Highlights: BYOND by BSI excels in integrating financial features and sharia services that are close to the super app concept. BALE by BTN is strong in housing finance and personal financial management services, especially those related to mortgages. Both applications are considered quite secure and facilitate digital transactions, but there are still concerns about data leaks and cyber attacks. Keywords: BYOND by BSI, BALE by BTN, Digital Banking, Super App, Customer Satisfaction, Islamic Banking
Deep Learning Design in Islamic Boarding School (Pesantren): Integration of Islamic Values, Digital Technology, and 21st-Century Competencies Ima Hikmayati; Rini Nuraeni; Hernandi Hernandi; Azzahra Anugrah Illahi Sudrajat; Selamet Selamet
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12872

Abstract

General Background: The rapid advancement of digital technology and artificial intelligence has created new opportunities for enhancing learning quality, including within Islamic boarding schools (pesantren). Specific Background: Pesantren, as traditional Islamic institutions, increasingly face the need to integrate modern pedagogical approaches while safeguarding Islamic values. Knowledge Gap: Although research on technology-based education is expanding, studies focusing on the integration of deep learning, Islamic values, and digital technology specifically in pesantren remain limited. Aims: This study aims to conceptualize a deep learning model that harmonizes Islamic teachings, digital tools, and 21st-century competencies to strengthen both academic and character formation in pesantren. Results: Through a literature review, the study identifies three core dimensions of an integrated learning design: Islamic values as the moral-spiritual foundation, digital technology and AI as pedagogical enhancers, and 21st-century skills as essential competencies for santri. Novelty: This study proposes a holistic framework that positions deep learning not only as a cognitive process but as a spiritually grounded, technology-supported educational paradigm unique to pesantren. Implications: Successful implementation requires cultural adaptation, improved digital infrastructure, and continuous teacher training to ensure ethical and effective technology use. Highlights: Integration of Islamic values, digital tools, and deep learning creates a holistic pesantren learning model. Digital technology enhances pedagogy but requires cultural adaptation and teacher training. The framework prepares santri with both spiritual grounding and 21st-century skills. Keywords: Deep Learning, Pesantren, Islamic Values, Digital Technology, 21st-Century Competencies

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