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Academia Open
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27147444     DOI : 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12985
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Academia Open is published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo published 2 (two) issues per year (June and December). This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. This journal aims is to provide a place for academics and practitioners to publish original research and review articles. The articles basically contains any topics research or review. Academia Open is available in online version. Language used in this journal is Indonesia or English.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,389 Documents
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Legal Certainty of Reporting Granted Assets Without Authentic Deeds in the State Officials' Wealth Report System: Kepastian Hukum Pelaporan Harta Hibah Tanpa Akta Otentik Dalam Sistem Laporan Harta Kekayaan Penyelenggara Negara Ananda Surya Dharma; Mella Ismelina Farma Rahayu
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12832

Abstract

Background General: Asset disclosure through the LHKPN system serves as a transparency mechanism to prevent corruption among state officials. Background Specific: In practice, several officials report granted assets without authentic deeds, even though Indonesian civil law requires notarial or PPAT deeds for the legal validity of grants. Knowledge Gap: No comprehensive study has specifically examined the legal certainty of reporting grants without authentic deeds in the LHKPN system or its interaction with civil law and anti-corruption regulations. Aims: This study analyzes the legal status of grants made without authentic deeds under Indonesian law and evaluates the legal certainty of their reporting within the LHKPN. Results: Findings indicate that grants lacking authentic deeds do not fulfill the formal requirements of Articles 1666, 1682, and 1868 of the Civil Code, rendering them invalid and lacking evidentiary strength. Their inclusion in the LHKPN creates legal uncertainty regarding ownership legitimacy and the accuracy of verification by the Corruption Eradication Commission. Novelty: The study provides an integrated analysis connecting civil law, administrative anti-corruption mechanisms, and legal certainty theory to the issue of non-authentic grant reporting. Implications: Normative clarification and regulatory harmonization are required to ensure that grants reported in the LHKPN possess lawful foundations, strengthening transparency, accountability, and the integrity of state officials. Highlights: Highlights the legal invalidity of grants without authentic deeds. Emphasizes the resulting uncertainty in LHKPN asset verification. Calls for regulatory harmonization to ensure accountable reporting. Keywords: Grant, Authentic Deed, Legal Certainty, LHKPN , Asset Reporting
Taste Masking of Prednisolone by Adsorption Method Hiba Muhammed Suza Ali; Eman Bekir Al-Khedairy
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12834

Abstract

General Background: Prednisolone, a synthetic glucocorticoid with potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties, is widely used to treat conditions such as asthma, allergies, and rheumatoid arthritis. Specific Background: Despite its therapeutic benefits, prednisolone’s intensely bitter taste negatively affects patient compliance, particularly in pediatric and geriatric populations. Knowledge Gap: Conventional taste-masking techniques often alter drug stability or release profiles, creating a need for simple, effective, and non-chemical masking approaches. Aims: This study aimed to mask the bitter taste of prednisolone using a physical adsorption method with Veegum® and Bentonite as adsorbents at varying concentrations. Results: Eight formulations were prepared and assessed for percentage yield, drug content, and in vitro taste masking. The optimal formula (F5, 1:5 drug-to-Veegum® ratio) achieved an 89% yield, 108.3% drug content, and reduced drug release in simulated saliva (pH 6.8) from 55% to 16.6% within one minute, without any detectable drug–excipient interaction by FTIR analysis. Novelty: This study demonstrates a successful use of physical adsorption as a straightforward and non-chemical method for prednisolone taste masking. Implications: The Veegum®-based adsorption approach offers a promising foundation for developing patient-friendly oral formulations of bitter drugs.Highlight : The study aimed to mask the bitter taste of prednisolone using the adsorption method. Veegum® at a 1:5 drug-to-adsorbent ratio showed the best taste masking result. FTIR analysis confirmed no chemical interaction between prednisolone and the adsorbents. Keywords : Prednisolone, Taste Masking, Adsorption Method, Veegum®, Bentonite
Revealing the Existence of “Pantauan Lebaran” Customs in the Midst of Social Changes in Modern Society in Ribang Kemambang, Lahat Regency, South Sumatra Province Fitri Oviyanti; Maryamah Maryamah; Era Afriza; Uswatun Hasanah; Hafizh Maulana Nugraha
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12835

Abstract

General Background: Cultural traditions such as Pantauan Lebaran play a central role in shaping Indonesia’s communal identity. Specific Background: In Ribang Kemambang, Lahat Regency, this Eid al-Fitr visitation ritual persists amid accelerating modernization and digital transformation. Knowledge Gap: However, limited studies examine how this customary practice adapts to contemporary social changes while retaining its moral and cultural essence. Aim: This study investigates the current form, meanings, and adaptive strategies of Pantauan Lebaran as a dynamic cultural system. Results: Using qualitative ethnographic methods, the study finds that the ritual strengthens social cohesion, reinforces Islamic values such as silaturahmi and birrul walidain, and remains resilient through mechanisms like digital coordination, youth involvement, and flexible implementation. Novelty: The research reveals Pantauan Lebaran as a glocalized cultural practice where local wisdom and global modernity coexist, demonstrating reflexive cultural transformation rather than decline. Implications: These findings highlight the community’s capacity to preserve cultural identity while engaging with modern social realities, offering insights for cultural sustainability, Islamic educational development, and policy frameworks supporting local traditions in the digital era. Highlights: Shows how Pantauan Lebaran adapts to modernization while preserving core religious–cultural values Demonstrates youth and digital media as key drivers in sustaining and transforming the tradition Positions Pantauan Lebaran as a model of glocalization and cultural resilience in rural Indonesian society. Keywords: Pantauan Lebaran, Cultural Resilience, Glocalization, Islamic Educational Values, Social Cohesion
Implementation of Legal Protection for Land Rights Holders Regarding the Issuance of Duplicate Certificates: Case Study of Supreme Court Decision Number 316 K/TUN/2021: Implementasi Perlindungan Hukum bagi Pemegang Hak Atas Tanah Atas Penerbitan Sertifikat Ganda : Studi Kasus Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 316 K/TUN/2021 Lollyta Julius; Rasji Rasji
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12836

Abstract

General Background: Legal certainty in land ownership in Indonesia is mandated through the UUPA and PP 24/1997, yet its implementation remains problematic. Specific Background: One of the most severe administrative failures is the issuance of double land certificates, which undermines legal protection and public trust. Knowledge Gap: Empirical analysis remains limited regarding the ineffective implementation of agrarian regulations and the weak accountability of land officials in duplicate certificate cases. Aims: This study analyzes the implementation of legal protection for harmed land rights holders and the legal responsibility of the Land Office in Supreme Court Decision No. 316 K/TUN/2021. Results: The findings show a discrepancy between normative provisions and practice, where weak verification, manual systems, and governance failures contributed to unlawful dual certificates; sanctions imposed were minimal and not accompanied by criminal liability. Novelty: This research offers a critical, integrated assessment of normative, administrative, and judicial dimensions of duplicate certificate disputes using a focused case-law approach. Implications: Strengthening digital land registration, imposing stricter administrative and criminal sanctions, and expanding access to legal aid are essential to realizing effective agrarian legal protection and preventing recurrence. Highlights: Identifies a gap between strong agrarian norms and weak practical implementation Shows that sanctions for officials in duplicate-certificate cases remain minimal and non-deterrent. Emphasizes the need for digital registration, stricter sanctions, and better legal remedies for landowners. Keywords: Legal Protection, Land Rights, Double Land Certificates, Agrarian Law Reform
Work Environment More Determinant of Performance in the Food Logistics Industry: Lingkungan Kerja Lebih Berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja di Industri Logistik Pangan Putri Inul Budiastuti; Sumainah Fauziah
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12837

Abstract

General Background: In the context of globalization and digital transformation, employee performance has become a critical determinant of organizational effectiveness, particularly in the food logistics sector that supports national food security. Specific Background: At BULOG Subdivre Surabaya Utara, challenges related to employee motivation, remuneration fairness, and adaptation to a changing work environment indicate the need for evidence-based human resource management strategies. Knowledge Gap: Although prior studies have examined compensation and work environment separately, limited empirical research has simultaneously analyzed their relative and combined effects on employee performance within public food logistics organizations. Aims: This study aims to analyze the influence of salary and work environment on employee performance at BULOG Subdivre Surabaya Utara. Results: Using a quantitative approach and multiple linear regression analysis of survey data, the findings reveal that both salary and work environment have positive and statistically significant effects on employee performance, with the work environment showing a stronger contribution. Novelty: This study provides sector-specific empirical evidence highlighting the dominant role of non-financial factors alongside compensation in a strategic public logistics institution. Implications: The findings imply that management should balance fair remuneration systems with continuous improvements in physical and psychosocial work conditions to sustainably improve employee performance and organizational outcomes. Highlights: The work environment plays a more dominant role than salary in shaping employee performance. Fair compensation remains essential to sustain motivation and productivity. Integrated human resource strategies are crucial for performance improvement in public food logistics organizations. Keywords: Salary, Work Environment, Employee Performance, Food Logistics, Human Resource Management
Kahoot-Based Learning and Students’ Critical Thinking in Islamic Education Lusi Khairani; Meyniar Albina
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12840

Abstract

General Background: The integration of digital learning media has become essential in modern education to enhance student engagement and higher-order thinking skills. Specific Background: In Islamic Religious Education (PAI), students’ critical thinking abilities often remain low due to conventional lecture-based approaches, as observed at SMP IT Nurul Ilmi Medan. Knowledge Gap: Although previous studies highlight the benefits of game-based learning platforms such as Kahoot, limited research explores how its implementation specifically shapes learning processes, teacher strategies, and students’ critical thinking skills within PAI classrooms. Aims: This study investigates the implementation of Kahoot in PAI learning and examines its role in improving students’ critical thinking abilities. Results: Findings show that Kahoot increases student participation, creates an enjoyable and interactive learning atmosphere, and enhances analytical, evaluative, and reflective thinking as evidenced by improved learning engagement and performance. Supporting factors include school Wi-Fi, teacher readiness, and student motivation, while inhibiting factors involve device limitations and unstable internet access. Novelty: This study provides an in-depth qualitative analysis of Kahoot’s pedagogical integration, moving beyond outcome evaluation to examine learning dynamics and contextual challenges. Implications: Kahoot serves as an effective digital strategy to foster critical thinking in PAI learning and supports the principles of 21st-century education and the Pancasila Student Profile. Highlights: Kahoot improves student engagement and strengthens critical thinking in PAI learning. Implementation success depends on teacher readiness, supportive infrastructure, and meaningful question design. Game-based learning offers an effective strategy aligned with 21st-century education demands. Keywords: Kahoot, Islamic Education, Critical Thinking, Digital Learning, Gamification
Critical Thinking Profile in Coding Learning for 6-Year-Old Early Childhood Education Students Darwati Darwati; Yes Matheos Lesarus Malaikosa; Rachma Hasibuan; Nurul Istiq’faroh; Andi Kristanto; Sayhidul Haq
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12841

Abstract

General Background: The rapid digitalization era has positioned coding as a crucial medium for developing foundational cognitive skills in early childhood. Specific Background: For 6-year-old learners, visual-based coding activities offer opportunities to strengthen logical reasoning and structured problem-solving, yet empirical descriptions of their critical thinking profile remain limited. Knowledge Gap: Existing studies rarely document how critical thinking indicators manifest during coding activities in early childhood settings. Aims: This study aims to analyze the critical thinking profile of 6-year-old children engaged in coding learning at TK Tunas Harapan. Results: Findings show that coding activities significantly enhance children’s analytical, evaluative, and problem-solving abilities, reflected in notable score improvements across learning cycles, although 40% of students initially demonstrated difficulties in critical thinking. Novelty: This research provides early evidence on how coding education concretely stimulates critical thinking in young children within rural early childhood contexts. Implications: The results highlight the importance of integrating developmentally appropriate coding activities into early childhood curricula to strengthen critical thinking foundations and inform future digital learning model development for PAUD. Highlights: Coding learning significantly strengthens critical thinking skills in 6-year-old children. Visual-based coding activities help improve analysis, evaluation, and problem-solving abilities. Integrating coding in early childhood supports digital literacy and cognitive readiness in the digital era. Keywords: Critical Thinking, Coding Education, 6-year-old Children, Digitalization, Early Childhood Education
Antioxidants and Their Relationship with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a Review Study Israa Ali Abdul Kareem Al-Samarai; Hanan N. Mohammed
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

General Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age, characterized by hormonal and metabolic imbalances that impair fertility and overall health. Specific Background: Recent studies have emphasized the crucial role of oxidative stress in PCOS pathogenesis, where excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduced antioxidant capacity lead to cellular and molecular damage. Knowledge Gap: Despite extensive research on PCOS, the mechanistic link between oxidative imbalance and PCOS progression, particularly the interplay between endogenous and exogenous antioxidants, remains insufficiently understood. Aims: This review aims to elucidate the relationship between oxidative stress and antioxidant systems in PCOS and to identify potential therapeutic roles of antioxidants in mitigating PCOS symptoms. Results: The synthesis of current findings demonstrates that antioxidant deficiency correlates with increased insulin resistance, ovulatory dysfunction, and chronic inflammation in PCOS patients. Supplementation with vitamins C and E, selenium, and metformin enhances oxidative balance, improves ovarian function, and reduces metabolic risks. Novelty: This study integrates biochemical, metabolic, and therapeutic perspectives on antioxidant-mediated modulation of PCOS. Implications: Strengthening antioxidant defenses presents a promising adjunctive strategy to traditional PCOS management, potentially improving reproductive outcomes and reducing long-term comorbidities Highlights: Oxidative imbalance contributes significantly to PCOS pathogenesis. Antioxidant therapy improves hormonal and metabolic regulation. Combining antioxidants with lifestyle changes enhances treatment outcomes. Keywords: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Oxidative Stress, Antioxidants, Insulin Resistance, Reproductive Health
Nimesulide with Metformin Lowers Inflammatory Markers in Women with PCOS Reyam Mohammed Qasim; Maitham Ali Al-Rikabi; Edwar Z Khosho
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12843

Abstract

General Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a chronic endocrine and metabolic disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism, anovulation, and low-grade systemic inflammation, which contributes to insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk. Specific Background: Metformin, the first-line treatment for PCOS, has known anti-inflammatory properties, but whether its combination with selective COX-2 inhibitors such as nimesulide offers superior anti-inflammatory efficacy remains underexplored. Knowledge Gap: Evidence on adjunctive NSAID therapy targeting inflammation in PCOS is limited, and the combined effects of metformin and nimesulide on key inflammatory biomarkers, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP), have not been systematically evaluated. Aims: This study investigated whether adding nimesulide to metformin enhances anti-inflammatory effects in women with PCOS. Results: In a non-randomized controlled study of 100 participants, both treatments significantly reduced IL-6 and CRP; however, combination therapy produced greater CRP reductions (p < 0.001), while IL-6 changes were comparable. Regression analysis identified total cholesterol and free testosterone as independent predictors of residual IL-6 levels (R² = 0.516). Novelty: This study is among the first to demonstrate synergistic anti-inflammatory effects of COX-2 inhibition with metformin in PCOS. Implications: Findings support the integration of metabolic and anti-inflammatory strategies for PCOS management and highlight the need for randomized trials assessing long-term efficacy and safety of adjunctive COX-2 inhibitors. Highlight: Combination therapy with nimesulide enhances metformin’s anti-inflammatory effect on CRP. IL-6 reduction was comparable between metformin alone and combination treatment. Total cholesterol and free testosterone independently predict residual inflammation. Keywords: PCOS, Metformin, Nimesulide, Inflammation, C-Reactive Protein
The Protection of Indigenous Malay People’s Customary Land Rights in Rempang Againts Land Acquisition for National Strategic Projects: Perlindungan Hak Ulayat Masyarakat Melayu Asli Rempang Terhadap Pengadaan Tanah Untuk Pembangunan Proyek Strategis Nasional Muhammad Al Rasyed; Ridha Wahyuni
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12845

Abstract

General background: Indonesia recognizes customary law communities and their communal land rights as part of the national legal system, yet implementation often clashes with development agendas. Specific background: The indigenous Malay community of Rempang, settled since 1834, faces land acquisition for the Rempang Eco-City National Strategic Project, raising legal and socio-cultural disputes over displacement. Knowledge gap: Although constitutional and statutory frameworks acknowledge customary land rights, practical enforcement and administrative recognition remain weak, particularly when confronted with national development priorities. Aims: This study analyzes the legal status of the Rempang Malay community as a customary law community and evaluates the protection of their ulayat land rights in the context of land acquisition for national development. Results: Findings show that the Rempang Malay community fulfills all substantive legal elements of a customary law society, but lacks full administrative recognition, resulting in weak legal standing during land acquisition processes. The project also demonstrates insufficient meaningful participation and inadequate compensation mechanisms for cultural and spiritual losses. Novelty: This research highlights the discrepancy between de facto recognition of indigenous rights and de jure administrative acknowledgment in large-scale development cases. Implications: Strengthening formal recognition, ensuring free, prior, and informed consent, and adjusting compensation schemes are crucial to achieving development aligned with social justice and legal sustainability. Highlights: The Rempang Malay community meets the legal criteria of a customary law society but lacks full administrative recognition. Land acquisition for the Rempang Eco-City project demonstrates weak protection and limited community participation. Strengthening legal recognition and applying fair, culturally aware compensation are essential for equitable development. Keywords: Customary Land Rights, Rempang, Indigenous Community, Legal Protection, Land Acquisition  

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