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Academia Open
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27147444     DOI : 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12985
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Academia Open is published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo published 2 (two) issues per year (June and December). This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. This journal aims is to provide a place for academics and practitioners to publish original research and review articles. The articles basically contains any topics research or review. Academia Open is available in online version. Language used in this journal is Indonesia or English.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,489 Documents
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The Role of the Constitutional Court in Upholding Constitutionality: A Case Analysis of the Constitutional Court's Decision on the Age Limit for Presidential and Vice Presidential Candidates in 2023: Peran Mahkamah Konstitusi Dalam Menjaga Konstitusionalitas: Analisis Kasus Putusan MK Tentang Batas Usia Capres Dan Cawapres Tahun 2023 Putra, Firli Novansyah; Tambunan, Yunus; Ahmad, Hendry Andi
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.14122

Abstract

General Background: The Constitutional Court functions as a guardian of constitutional supremacy through judicial review within the Indonesian legal system. Specific Background: Decision Number 90/PUU-XXI/2023 concerning the presidential and vice-presidential age requirement introduced an alternative norm allowing candidates with prior elected experience despite not meeting the minimum age. Knowledge Gap: Previous studies have not simultaneously integrated constitutional interpretation, judicial ethics, and political implications arising from this decision. Aims: This study examines the constitutional reasoning, application of open legal policy, and ethical dimensions associated with the decision. Results: The analysis reveals that although the Court holds authority to interpret laws, the ruling generated controversy due to blurred boundaries between legislative and judicial domains, inconsistency in applying open legal policy, and indications of conflict of interest. Ethical violations involving constitutional judges further weakened institutional credibility and triggered public distrust. Novelty: This study integrates juridical analysis with constitutional political perspectives to assess both legal validity and democratic implications of the ruling. Implications: Strengthening judicial independence, reinforcing ethical compliance, and maintaining jurisprudential consistency are essential to preserve legitimacy and ensure stability within the constitutional system. Highlights• Judicial interpretation expands eligibility criteria beyond statutory age threshold• Ethical violations undermine institutional credibility and public trust• Legislative and judicial boundary ambiguity generates constitutional tension KeywordsConstitutional Court; Judicial Review; Legal Policy; Judicial Ethics; Constitutionality
Robustness Evaluation of Gaming Performance Against Input Rate Variations in Procedurally Generated Roguelike on Godot Engine: Evaluasi Robustness Performa Game Roguelike terhadap Variasi Input Rate Menggunakan Monkey Testing pada Godot Engine Santoso, Rizky Aji; Rosyid, Harits Ar
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.14129

Abstract

General Background: System resilience under high interaction frequency is essential for maintaining real-time game stability. Specific Background: This study evaluates the Dodge and Deflect roguelike game on Godot Engine 4.4.1 using Monkey Testing with controlled input rate variation in a low-end virtual environment. Knowledge Gap: Quantitative analysis of input intensity on engine stability remains limited compared to playability-focused studies. Aims: This study aims to identify performance degradation patterns and critical stability thresholds driven by input rate escalation. Results: A strong negative correlation (r = -0.93) is found between input intensity and system stability, with performance declining from Level 11 to Level 4 under extreme conditions, accompanied by FPS drops and increased freeze events, while memory usage remains stable. Novelty: The study applies controlled Monkey Testing to isolate input rate as the main stress factor in a procedurally generated roguelike setting. Implications: The findings provide an empirical basis for optimizing event handling and defining minimum system requirements. Highlights• Inverse pattern between interaction density and system endurance• Failure threshold identified through reduced progression capability• Processing constraints emerge as dominant limitation under stress KeywordsMonkey Testing; Godot Engine; Input Rate; Performance Degradation; Game Robustness
Analysis of the determinants of regional financial independence in West Nusa Tenggara Province in 2019-2024: Analisis determinan kemandirian keuangan daerah di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat tahun 2019-2024 Septini, Ni Nengah; Suriadi, Irwan
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.14134

Abstract

General Background Regional fiscal independence reflects the capacity of local governments to finance expenditures without excessive reliance on central transfers, constituting a key dimension of fiscal decentralization. Specific Background In the observed period, regional finance is predominantly supported by transfer revenue, indicating persistent dependency and uneven fiscal capacity across administrative units. Knowledge Gap Prior studies tend to examine fiscal variables in isolation, leaving limited integrative evidence on how local revenue, transfers, capital expenditure, economic growth, and financial effectiveness jointly relate to fiscal independence. Aims This study analyzes the determinants of regional fiscal independence using panel data and a comprehensive framework incorporating multiple fiscal and economic indicators. Results Empirical findings reveal that local own-source revenue shows a significant positive relationship with fiscal independence, while transfer revenue demonstrates a significant negative relationship, indicating a flypaper effect. In contrast, capital expenditure, economic growth, and financial effectiveness do not show significant partial relationships, although all variables jointly exhibit statistical significance. Novelty The study advances an integrative analytical approach by combining fiscal structure, economic performance, and governance dimensions within a single empirical model. Implications Strengthening local revenue through diversification and digitalization, alongside more productive use of transfers and improved governance quality, is essential for advancing sustainable fiscal independence. HIGHLIGHTS• Local revenue shows consistent statistical significance in explaining fiscal capacity• Transfer funds correlate inversely with autonomy, indicating resource dependency patterns• Combined fiscal variables demonstrate strong explanatory power within panel estimation KeywordsRegional Financial Independence; Local Revenue; Transfer Revenue; Capital Expenditure; Economic Growth
Agrarian Conflict Intensifies Human Rights Violations and Ecosystem Damage: Konflik Agraria Memperparah Pelanggaran HAM dan Kerusakan Ekosistem Pramono, Abelia Kanaya; Sitanggang, Blessyn Tio
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.14135

Abstract

General Background: Agrarian conflict constitutes a structural dispute over land control, ownership, and utilization that is closely linked to access to essential life resources and environmental sustainability. Specific Background: In the case of marine sand sedimentation, competing interests between economic exploitation and community environmental rights generate tensions that directly affect coastal livelihoods and ecological balance. Knowledge Gap: Previous studies tend to examine agrarian conflict, environmental degradation, or human rights issues separately, leaving limited integrative analysis that connects legal, environmental, and human rights dimensions. Aims: This study aims to analyze agrarian conflict and its association with human rights violations and environmental degradation through a qualitative descriptive case-based approach. Results: Findings indicate that sedimentation activities reduce fishery yields, damage marine ecosystems, decrease employment opportunities, and lower community income, while weak governance, limited transparency, and minimal public participation intensify social vulnerability and conflict escalation. Novelty: The study offers an integrative analytical framework that positions agrarian conflict as a multidimensional phenomenon encompassing legal structures, environmental sustainability, and human rights obligations. Implications: Strengthening transparent governance, participatory decision-making, and environmental law enforcement is essential to ensure sustainable resource management and safeguard community rights. Highlights• Demonstrates linkage between resource exploitation and social vulnerability escalation• Identifies governance deficiencies as drivers of multidimensional disputes• Reveals ecosystem degradation alongside declining coastal livelihoods KeywordsAgrarian Conflict; Human Rights; Environmental Governance; Marine Sand Mining; Social Vulnerability
Qatari Support for Syrian Refugee Camps (2011–2018): Dukungan Qatar bagi Kamp Pengungsi Suriah (2011–2018) Al-Sinjari, Mohammed Nouri Khalaf; Hussein, Assist. Prof. Dr. Mohammed Hamza
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.14136

Abstract

General Background Regional crises in the Middle East have reshaped diplomatic interactions and foreign policy strategies among key actors. Specific Background This study examines Qatari foreign policy within the context of the Syrian and Yemeni crises, focusing on its diplomatic roles and regional engagement. Knowledge Gap Existing studies have not sufficiently clarified how Qatar balances mediation and direct involvement within complex regional conflicts. Aims This research aims to analyze the evolution of Qatari foreign policy and its positioning in regional crises. Results The findings show that Qatar adopts flexible diplomatic strategies, combining mediation efforts with active political engagement to respond to shifting regional dynamics. Novelty The study provides an integrated analysis of Qatar’s foreign policy behavior across multiple crises, highlighting its adaptive and multi-dimensional approach. Implications The results suggest that small-state diplomacy can play a significant role in regional conflict management through strategic flexibility and diversified engagement. Keywords: Qatari Foreign Policy, Regional Crises, Middle East Politics, Diplomacy, Strategic Behavior Key Findings Highlights Diplomatic roles shift between mediation and active engagement Regional interactions reflect adaptive policy responses Crisis dynamics shape strategic decision making
The Political Role of the United Arab Emirates in The Parliament of The Arab League Awad, Haider Saleh; Mal Allah, Izdihar Muayad
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.14255

Abstract

General Background: This study examines the establishment of the Transitional Arab Parliament within the reform of the Arab joint action system between 2005 and 2011. Specific Background: The Parliament emerged from Arab reform initiatives since 2003 aimed at expanding popular participation and introducing oversight mechanisms within the League of Arab States. Knowledge Gap: Limited scholarly focus exists on the institutional performance and political roles of member states, particularly the United Arab Emirates, within this transitional parliamentary framework. Aims: The study aims to analyze the legal foundation, organizational structure, consultative competencies, and operational mechanisms of the Parliament, while assessing its performance and the role of the United Arab Emirates. Results: Findings indicate that the Parliament functioned as a consultative body addressing major regional issues, including the Palestinian cause, Sudan, and Arab–Iranian dialogue, while also reflecting institutional limitations during its transitional phase. Novelty: The study provides a focused examination of the United Arab Emirates’ political role within the Parliament alongside institutional analysis of the Arab parliamentary experiment. Implications: The findings contribute to understanding regional parliamentary development and highlight structural challenges in advancing collective Arab institutional frameworks. Highlights:• Transitional parliamentary body addressed key regional political issues• Institutional structure combined consultative and oversight functions• Member state participation revealed structural and procedural limitations Keywords: Arab Parliament, United Arab Emirates, League Of Arab States, Institutional Reform, Regional Governance
Partnership and Cooperation Agreement between the Russian Federation and the European Union 1994 (PCA): Perjanjian Kemitraan dan Kerja Sama antara Federasi Rusia dan Uni Eropa 1994 (PCA) Al-Sabawi, Mohammed Hamid Hamad; Al-Rifai, Lubna Riyadh Abdulmajid
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.14260

Abstract

General Background: The post–Cold War international system created new frameworks for cooperation between major actors. Specific Background: The 1994 Partnership and Cooperation Agreement between the Russian Federation and the European Union established a legal and institutional basis for political dialogue, economic cooperation, and coordination. Knowledge Gap: Limited understanding exists regarding how such legal frameworks function in practice and their ability to sustain long-term strategic partnerships under changing geopolitical conditions. Aims: This study analyzes the origins, provisions, and outcomes of the agreement using historical and analytical methods. Results: The findings show that the agreement successfully structured bilateral relations, institutionalized dialogue, and supported economic interaction, but failed to achieve a comprehensive strategic partnership due to conflicting interests and external pressures. Novelty: The study combines historical context with analytical evaluation to assess both the strengths and structural limitations of the agreement. Implications: The results highlight the complexity of sustaining international partnerships and provide insights into the evolving nature of EU–Russia relations in a dynamic global system. Keywords: Partnership Agreement, EU Russia Relations, International Cooperation, Political Dialogue, Economic Integration Key Findings Highlights Institutional mechanisms established for continuous bilateral engagement Long-term cooperation maintained despite shifting geopolitical conditions Strategic alignment constrained by competing national interests
The Possibility of the Application of Requirements Knowledge Management Systems in accordance with standard ISO 30401:2018/ A Case Study at Middle Technical University- Technical College of Management / Baghdad: Kemungkinan Penerapan Sistem Manajemen Persyaratan sesuai dengan standar ISO 30401:2018 / Studi Kasus di Universitas Teknik Menengah - Sekolah Tinggi Manajemen / Baghdad Aljabi, Eslam Talib
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.14261

Abstract

General Background: Knowledge management systems play a crucial role in supporting organizational learning and decision-making in modern institutions. Specific Background: ISO 30401:2018 provides a structured framework for implementing knowledge management systems across organizations. Knowledge Gap: Limited empirical evaluation exists regarding how ISO-based knowledge management requirements are applied and their contribution to organizational performance. Aims: This study evaluates the application of knowledge management system requirements based on ISO 30401 and examines their role in improving institutional practices. Results: The findings indicate that structured knowledge processes, including creation, sharing, and application, are associated with improved coordination, decision-making, and administrative performance, although implementation levels vary across organizations. Novelty: The study applies an ISO-based framework to systematically assess knowledge management practices within organizational contexts. Implications: The results highlight the importance of institutional commitment and continuous learning in implementing knowledge management systems aligned with international standards. Keywords: Knowledge Management, ISO 30401, Organizational Performance, Knowledge Systems, Institutional Development Key Findings Highlights Structured knowledge processes support internal coordination and efficiency Variation observed in organizational readiness and system implementation Standard-based frameworks guide systematic knowledge practices
Price Perception Shows Highest Coefficient in FamilyMart Satisfaction Model: Persepsi Harga Menunjukkan Koefisien Tertinggi Dalam Bentuk Kepuasan di FamilyMart Ditasari, Nurina; Nugroho, Rusdi Hidayat
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13758

Abstract

General Background: The rapid development of globalization and technology has intensified competition in the modern retail sector, requiring businesses to better understand determinants of consumer satisfaction. Specific Background: Modern retail outlets face challenges in maintaining customer satisfaction, as indicated by fluctuating brand performance and negative consumer feedback associated with service quality, product quality, and price perception. Knowledge Gap: Despite growing competition, limited empirical clarity exists regarding the relative contribution of these three variables within a single retail context experiencing declining consumer evaluations. Aims: This study aims to examine the simultaneous and partial relationships between service quality, product quality, and price perception on consumer satisfaction. Results: Using quantitative analysis with multiple linear regression on 150 respondents, the findings demonstrate that all three variables significantly contribute both jointly and individually to consumer satisfaction, with price perception exhibiting the highest coefficient, followed by service quality and product quality. The model explains 71.8% of the variance in consumer satisfaction. Novelty: This study identifies price perception as the most dominant determinant within the examined model, highlighting its stronger comparative role among key retail attributes. Implications: The results suggest that retail management should prioritize balanced improvements across service, product, and pricing strategies, with particular emphasis on aligning price perception with perceived value to sustain consumer satisfaction. Highlights: Price-related evaluation shows the strongest coefficient within the regression model. Combined variables explain a substantial proportion of variance in satisfaction levels. All examined factors demonstrate statistically significant contributions both jointly and individually. Keywords: Service Quality, Product Quality, Price Perception, Consumer Satisfaction
Adaptive Coping Stabilizes Post Divorce Adjustment in Young Adults Prabandari, Novita; Widiantoro, Fx. Wahyu
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13864

Abstract

General Background: Divorce during early adulthood can generate substantial psychological, social, and economic challenges because this life stage involves identity formation, financial independence, and the development of stable intimate relationships. Specific Background: The study examined post-divorce experiences among individuals aged 26–30 who faced emotional distress, social stigma, economic pressure, identity disruption, and changing family responsibilities after marital separation. Knowledge Gap: Although divorce has been widely discussed, limited qualitative attention has been given to how early adults interpret lived experiences and construct adjustment strategies after divorce. Aims: This study aimed to explore post-divorce experiences and adjustment strategies among early adults through an interpretive phenomenological perspective. Results: The findings showed that all participants experienced sadness, anger, disappointment, loss, and psychological distress in the initial post-divorce period. Social stigma associated with being a young widow affected self-esteem and social engagement, while economic demands created both financial autonomy and added burdens, especially for participants with children. Participants who used adaptive strategies, including work focus, spirituality, physical activity, financial independence, counseling, and active social support, demonstrated more stable recovery, whereas passive or maladaptive strategies were linked to slower or fluctuating adjustment. Novelty: The study identifies post-divorce adjustment as a dynamic process shaped by emotional regulation, social support, economic conditions, children, stigma, and identity reconstruction. Implications: The findings indicate the need for comprehensive psychological assistance that integrates counseling, social support strengthening, financial guidance, emotional regulation, and identity reconstruction for early adults after divorce. Highlights: Emotional distress appeared strongly in the early separation period. Family, friends, and professional services functioned as protective resources. Stigma, financial demands, and parenting responsibilities shaped recovery patterns. Keywords: Divorce, Early Adulthood, Self-Adjustment, Phenomenology, Coping Strategies, Social Support

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