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Smoking Behaviors and Perceived Health Risks Among Out-of-School Youth in Tella, Taraba State Isaac John Umaru; Solomon O. Asare; Tyem Lawal Danjuma; Inemesit Samuel Essien; Ingwu Joseph Akem; Genevieve A. Yeboah; Julius Ishaya Salman; Kwabena Owusu Amoah; Precious Chioma Jack; Hauwa A. Umaru; Maayam Usman Ahmed
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 3 No 2 (2026): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v3i2.9472

Tobacco use among adolescents remains a significant public health concern, particularly among out-of-school youth who often have limited access to formal health education and support systems. In response to anecdotal indications of increasing smoking behavior in Tella, this study aimed to assess the prevalence, patterns, and determinants of smoking among out-of-school youth, examine their perceptions of smoking-related health risks, and identify the socio-cultural and economic factors associated with tobacco use. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted using structured questionnaires administered to a purposive sample of out-of-school youth aged 13–24 years, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented in tabular form. The findings showed that 58% of respondents were current tobacco users, with cigarettes as the most commonly used product (60%), while 40% reported initiating smoking before the age of 15. Although 70% acknowledged that smoking is harmful, only 35% could identify specific smoking-related diseases, and 45% believed that occasional smoking was not harmful. Peer pressure (60%) and stress related to unemployment (50%) emerged as the most frequently cited reasons for smoking. The respondent profile further indicated that most participants were male (65%), aged 17–21 years (58%), and characterized by high levels of unemployment (42%) and informal labor participation (30%). The study concludes that out-of-school youth in Tella are highly vulnerable to tobacco use due to the combined effects of limited education, economic hardship, peer influence, and cultural norms. These findings highlight the need for integrated interventions that combine health education, peer-based support, economic empowerment, and policy enforcement to reduce tobacco use and promote healthier lifestyles among this at-risk population.

Efficiency of Rice Processing Among Women Processors in Southern Taraba, Taraba State, Nigeria N. K. Mikailu; F. B. Filli; U. H. Ukpe
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 3 No 2 (2026): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v3i2.9477

Rice processing plays an important role in rural livelihoods and local food systems in Nigeria; however, evidence on the economic efficiency of women processors remains essential for informing productivity-enhancing interventions. This study analyzed the efficiency of rice processing among women processors in Southern Taraba, Taraba State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 70 respondents from Wukari and Donga Local Government Areas. Primary data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics, gross margin analysis, and net income estimation. The results showed that 89% of the processors were aged 50 years or below, with a mean age of 38.6 years, indicating a relatively young and active workforce. Most respondents had formal education (90%), 63% were married, and the average household size was five persons. Profitability analysis demonstrated that rice processing was a viable enterprise, with a total revenue of ₦711,064.40 and a total cost of ₦471,638.87 per processing day, resulting in a gross margin of ₦240,751.33 and a net income of ₦239,425.53. The return per naira invested was 0.51, implying that processors realized a gain of 51 kobo for every naira invested. Paddy rice constituted the largest cost component, accounting for 90.37% of variable costs. The study concludes that rice processing among women in the study area is profitable, although its efficiency is constrained by inadequate capital, limited access to modern equipment, and insufficient technical training. These findings highlight the need for improved access to modern milling technology, credit facilities, and regular capacity-building programs to enhance processing efficiency and support broader food security goals in Nigeria.

Sustainable Rice Husk Mixture Fibre–Stripe Polyethylene Film Composites: Effects of Recycling and Alkali Treatment on Water Absorption, Flammability, Density, and Mechanical Properties Mathias Bifam; Yakubu Joshua; Alheri Andrew; Peter Micheal Dass
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 3 No 2 (2026): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v3i2.10004

The increasing accumulation of plastic and agricultural waste has intensified interest in sustainable polymer composites that combine improved material performance with environmental value. This study investigates the water absorption, flammability, density, hardness, and tensile strength of composites prepared from used and unused stripe polyethylene (PE) films and rice husk mixture fibres, with and without NaOH treatment. Water absorption testing showed that composites made with used PE exhibited the highest uptake, reaching 88.35% after 24 hours, which was attributed to polymer degradation and microvoid formation, whereas unused PE composites demonstrated superior moisture resistance, with absorption as low as 2.19%. NaOH-treated rice husk improved fibre–matrix adhesion and produced intermediate absorption values. Flammability analysis revealed that used PE composites burned faster, with rates of 0.88–0.39 mm/sec, compared with unused PE composites, which recorded 0.65–0.28 mm/sec, while NaOH treatment reduced flammability through enhanced char formation and silica content. Density measurements indicated lower values for used PE composites, ranging from 1.18 to 2.25 g/cm³, due to chain scission and void formation, whereas unused PE composites maintained higher densities of up to 2.75 g/cm³. Hardness and tensile strength increased with PE content, with unused PE composites achieving the highest values of 36.60 MPa and 54.90 MPa, respectively, while NaOH-treated rice husk composites provided balanced mechanical reinforcement. The study concludes that unused PE offers superior mechanical performance and moisture resistance, whereas NaOH-treated rice husk enhances interfacial bonding and fire-safety characteristics. These findings contribute to the development of sustainable rice husk–polyethylene composites as potential eco-friendly materials for packaging, construction, and automotive applications.

Political Leadership and Public Trust in Nigeria: Review of the COVID-19 Global Pandemic Lockdown and End SARS Protest Iliyasu Biu M; Bala Galadima Joji; Rehila Jenis K; Yusuf Sani
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 3 No 3 (2026): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v3i3.11640

Public trust is fundamental to good governance, particularly during national crises that require political legitimacy, institutional responsiveness, and public cooperation. This study examines political leadership and public crisis-management strategies during Nigeria’s 2020 COVID-19 lockdown and considers their relationship with the subsequent EndSARS mass protests. Grounded in Authentic Leadership Theory, the study investigates citizens’ perceptions of governmental trustworthiness by assessing the antecedents, statements, and practices of political leaders during the pandemic. It employs qualitative content analysis of selected speeches delivered by political leaders during the national lockdown and interprets them comparatively in relation to selected global experiences. The analysis suggests that deficiencies in political leadership and crisis communication contributed to declining public trust and intensified public dissatisfaction, which formed an important context for the EndSARS protests. The study therefore reinforces the proposition that the quality of leadership substantially determines the effectiveness of crisis governance and the public’s response to governmental actions. It concludes that strengthening public trust in Nigeria requires reforms addressing the institutional and political-cultural conditions surrounding leadership emergence, supported by constitutional amendments and genuine judicial independence. The study contributes to scholarship on authentic leadership, crisis governance, and political trust by connecting governmental responses during the COVID-19 pandemic with broader patterns of citizen mobilization and demands for accountable governance. Keywords:

Inverted Bilayered Opal Photoanodes for Dye Sensitised Solar Cells Kamba, E. A.; Yerima, E. A.; AttahDaniel, E. B.
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 3 No 3 (2026): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v3i3.11642

Developing efficient photoanode materials remains a major challenge in improving the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). This study aims to fabricate and evaluate a bilayer photoanode comprising potassium titanate (K₂Ti₄O₉) nanobelts coupled with a zinc oxide (ZnO) inverse-opal structure and to investigate the effects of electrolyte cation identity and concentration on DSSC performance. K₂Ti₄O₉ nanobelts were synthesized through a solid-state reaction between potassium carbonate (K₂CO₃) and titanium dioxide (TiO₂) and subsequently integrated with the ZnO inverse-opal layer. Photocurrent–voltage measurements were conducted using a two-electrode DSSC configuration containing an I₃⁻/I⁻ redox electrolyte. The devices were illuminated using a 300 W xenon arc lamp equipped with an AM 1.5G filter at an intensity of 100 mW cm⁻². The findings show that the ZnO inverse-opal/K₂Ti₄O₉ bilayer system achieved a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 1.19%, exceeding the 1.04% efficiency obtained using the single K₂Ti₄O₉ system. This improvement indicates that the ZnO inverse-opal layer contributes substantially to device performance by functioning as a photonic-crystal underlayer. The study demonstrates the potential of integrating ZnO inverse-opal structures with K₂Ti₄O₉ nanobelts to enhance DSSC photoanode performance and provides a basis for developing bilayered photonic architectures for solar-energy conversion.

Assessment of Media Influence on Youth Participation in Self-Help Community Development Project in Jalingo Metropolis Siman, Lazarus; Dorcas, Agabison Shidobani
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 3 No 3 (2026): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v3i3.11643

Youth participation is essential to the sustainability of self-help community development initiatives, yet the extent to which media coverage facilitates such engagement remains insufficiently understood in Jalingo Metropolis, Taraba State, Nigeria. This study examines the influence of media coverage on youth awareness, motivation, and participation in grassroots community development projects. Anchored in Participatory Development Theory and Agenda-Setting Theory, the study employed a survey research design. A sample of 399 respondents was determined using the Taro Yamane formula, of whom 381 provided valid responses for analysis. The findings indicate that exposure to radio, television, newspapers, and social media significantly enhances youths’ awareness of, perceived relevance of, and motivation to participate in self-help community development initiatives. Social media emerged as the most influential platform because of its interactive features and youth-oriented content formats. The results further show that consistent media messaging and success narratives strengthen sustained youth engagement across different phases of community development projects. However, inconsistent messaging and limited development-focused programming constrain the capacity of the media to promote optimal participation. The study concludes that strategic and coordinated multi-platform media engagement is critical to strengthening youth involvement in community-driven development. It contributes to development communication scholarship by demonstrating how media exposure and message consistency shape grassroots participation and recommends stronger collaboration between media institutions and development stakeholders.

Integration of Artificial Intelligence and Remote Sensing: Review of the Progress, Problems and Prospects Thomas U. Omali
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 3 No 3 (2026): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v3i3.11822

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and remote sensing (RS) has transformed Earth observation (EO) by enabling the automated, efficient, and precise analysis of large and complex datasets. Rapid advances in machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) have further enhanced the processing and interpretation of RS data. This review examines the progress, persistent challenges, and future prospects of integrating AI with RS. Relevant literature was identified through searches of Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, and Google Scholar using combinations of terms related to AI, ML, DL, and RS. The reviewed literature indicates that AI substantially improves the efficiency and precision of RS data processing and interpretation while expanding opportunities for automation and data-driven decision-making. Nevertheless, the broader adoption of AI-driven RS remains constrained by data quality and heterogeneity, computational demands, limited model generalisability and explainability, and ethical concerns. Future research should prioritise model efficiency, interpretability, and adaptability, alongside multimodal learning, unsupervised and semi-supervised learning, and real-time AI deployment for global-scale applications. This review consolidates current advances and limitations in AI-enabled RS and provides a research agenda for developing more efficient, interpretable, and flexible models for Earth observation applications.

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Home Page

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Editorial Team

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Contact Name M. Irwan Hadi

Contact Email office@yasin-alsys.org

Phone +6285799379817

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Location Kab. lombok timur, Nusa tenggara barat INDONESIA

Abstract

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Abstract

Contact Name
M. Irwan Hadi

Contact Email
office@yasin-alsys.org

Phone
+6285799379817

Journal Mail Official
-

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kab. lombok timur,

Nusa tenggara barat

INDONESIA