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Evaluation of the Effect of Pre-Germination Treatment on Delonix Regia Seeds Ogu, Odiba Emmanuel; Joshua, Efi Uwhe; Haruna, David Ephraim; Samaila, Danjuma; Hannah, Nuhu Tubasen; Patricia, Okonofua Eghe; Rebecca, Ayodele; David, Bando Christopher
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3292

Delonix regia (Flamboyant) is a multipurpose tree species indigenous to semi-arid regions of Sub-Saharan Africa. It is being exploited to local extinction due to high dependence for fuel wood and other uses. The present study explored different pre-treatment methods for enhancing seed germination and growth of Delonix regia (Flamboyant) in Taraba State, Northern Nigeria. The experiment employed a 4 × 4 factorial design with seeds subjected to four pre-treatments (50% sulphuric acid concentration, 98% sulphuric acid concentration, cold water and hot water) at four pre-treatment time durations. Number of germination and plant height varied significantly between pre-treatments with cold water treatment recording the highest plant height (3.5cm) and the 98% sulphuric acid concentration recording the least (1.3cm). Germination rate had a moderate positive relationship with plant height. The study recommends seed immersion in cold water for 48 h as the most efficient pre-treatment for Delonix regia (Flamboyant).

Mathematical Model for Prevention and Control of Cholera Disease in Nigeria Ebelechukwu, Okorie Charity; Abraham, Zando Asim; E, Ochigbo Josephine
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3396

In this research work, we modified an existing mathematical model that can accommodate the gaps we discovered from the existing model. The modification centered on addition of a compartment called Isolation compartment into the existing model. The isolation is added as part of the control measures. This is one of the factors that make eradication of cholera impossible. We checked for the existence and uniqueness of the modified model and observed that the modified equations are unique and they exist. Maple 2023 and R studio software were used in carrying out the analysis. The disease-free equilibrium (DFE) state of the model was determined and used to compute the basic reproduction number R0, as a threshold for effective disease management. The results from stability analysis for the disease-free equilibrium (DFEs) shows that it is locally asymptotically stable whenever the basic reproduction number is less than unity (R0< 1). The result obtained from sensitivity index of R0 shows that the control parameters (isolation) of susceptible individual is crucial parameter to cholera management. It is recommended that isolation and awareness should be given prompt response as strategies in eradicating cholera disease so as to avoid prolonged illness and death.

Effect of Mangifera Indica Root Methanolic Extract on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Albino Rats Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac; Tansaba, Akafa Andes; Nanmar, Chakfa; Umaru, Isaac John; Ugoeze, Egeonu Stephen
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3397

The growing prevalence of diabetes in both developed and developing nations has prompted scientists to intensify their research efforts in identifying potent therapeutic compounds from natural sources. These compounds are aimed at more effectively treating and managing diabetes. The aim of this research is to determine the potentials of Mangifera Indica on induced hyperglycemic rats. The materials and methods : The roots will be cut into small pieces, air-dried and 100g of the root powdered soaked , extracted in rotary evaporator, fort albino rats is used. Diabetes will be induced in rats by injecting them intraperitoneally (i.p.) with freshly prepared streptozotocin (STZ) dissolved in citrate buffer (0.1 M pH 4.5) after an overnight fast and Hyperglycemia confirmed. Thirty albino rats is randomly divided into six groups, each consisting of five rats: group 1-6. Group 1-3 control groups, NC (Normal non-treated control), DM (Negative control rats), PC (Positive Control) group 4-6 (Mangifera indica treated diabetic rats). The NC and DM (control groups) will be given distilled water, while the MI and DM + MI (experimental groups) will receive Mangifera indica extract at a dose of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/b.wt. Results: Day one blood glucose levels was lowered significantly (p < 0.05). Day three treatments with standard drug and 100 mg/kg body weight extract lowered blood glucose significantly (p < 0.05) close to normal after induction with alloxan. The results of selected liver test indicates that AST decreased significantly, ALT increased significantly, ALP increased significantly, TP decreased significantly, GLB decreased significantly, TB increased significantly, DB increased significantly, INDB increased significantly. The results of kidney function test show that urea increased significantly, no significant difference shown in creatinine, potassium level were raised significantly, chloride and carbon dioxide were elevated significantly.

A Review: Metabolism of Lipid Via TREM-2A Otitoju, Olawale; Iruka, Assumpta; Danjuma, Janya
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3398

This review investigated the metabolism of lipid via TREM-2. Lipid metabolism is the synthesis and degradation of lipids in cells, involving the breakdown and storage of fats for energy and the synthesis of structural and functional lipids, such as those involved in the construction of cell membranes. Lipid metabolism is often considered as the digestion and absorption process of dietary fat; however, there are two sources of fats that organisms can use to obtain energy: from consumed dietary fats and from stored fat. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM-2) is a membrane receptor on myeloid cells and plays an important role in the body’s immune defense. Recently, TREM-2 has received extensive attention from researchers, and its activity has been found in Alzheimer’s disease, neuroinflammation, and traumatic brain injury. The appearance of TREM-2 is usually accompanied by changes in apolipoprotein E (ApoE). Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is a protein playing a pivotal role in lipid homeostasis since it regulates cholesterol, triglyceride and phospholipid metabolism in the blood and the brain. APOE gene regulates the expression of this protein and has three different alleles: ε2, ε3 and ε4. Carrying an APOE4 allele is recognized as a genetic risk factor of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) and coronary heart disease (CHD). A major function of apoE is to mediate the binding of lipoproteins or lipid complexes in the plasma or interstitial fluids to specific cell-surface receptors. These receptors internalize apoE-containing lipoprotein particles; thus, apoE participates in the distribution/redistribution of lipids among various tissues and cells of the body. It is likely that apoE, with its multiple cellular origins and multiple structural and biophysical properties, is involved widely in processes of lipid metabolism and neurobiology, possibly encompassing a variety of disorders of neuronal repair, remodeling, and degeneration by interacting with different factors through various pathways.

Antibacterial Effect of Methanol Extract of Newbouldia laevis Leaves on Some Selected Resistant Pathogen on Synthesised Drugs Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac; Ugoeze, Egeonu Stephen; Tansaba, Akafa Andes; Nanmar, Chakfa; Danjuma, Tyem Lawal; Umaru, Isaac John
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3399

Newbouldia laevis is a tropical plant belonging to the family of Bignoniaceae. It is among the most useful plants in Africa. Historically medicinal plants have been provided a good source of inspiration for novel therapeutic drugs which has made a large contribution to health and well-being of humans. It has been used over the years to as curative agents against many infections and have been exploited in the traditional medicine with their curative potentials. Material and methods: The leaves of Newbouldia laevis was bought from a local market in Wukari, Taraba State. The leaves of Newbouldia laevis was chop into pieces, air-dried for four days and then pulverized into fine powder. About 250 g of the powdered bark extracted with 2 L of ethanol using maceration method for 72 hrs. The crude extracts of Newbouldia laevis was used in antibacterial assay. The results observed demonstrate that the Newbouldia leaves methanol crude extract possesses concentration-dependent antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive resistant bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia) bacteria. The increasing inhibition zones with higher concentrations suggest a potential dose-response relationship.

Review on DNA Modification for Drug Tartgeting Purposes Marvelous, Solomon Godiya; Umaru, Isaac John; Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3400

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) modification for drug targeting purposes is a rapidly advancing field that holds great promise for revolutionizing the way we approach disease treatment, offering precise and personalized approaches to tackle diseases. This seminar work provides an overview of the potential application of DNA modification for drug targeting. The seminar work begins by introducing nucleic acid and its types, structure of DNA and DNA modification, the concept of DNA modification and its significance in the context of drug targeting. It highlights the potential of DNA modification techniques, such as gene editing and epigenetic modifications. It also explores the application of DNA modification for drug targeting purposes. It discusses the use of gene editing technologies, such as CRISPR-Cas9, in correcting genetic mutations associated with inherited disorders or targeting disease-causing genes. By utilizing DNA modification techniques, drug targeting can be fine-tuned to enhance efficacy and minimize side effects. In general, this seminar report emphasizes the great potential of DNA modification for drug targeting purposes. By precisely modifying DNA, scientists can develop targeted therapies, correct genetic mutations, and optimize drug responses.

Health Risk Analysis and Heavy Metals Speciation of Arable Farmlands In some selected Areas of Northern Taraba State Nigeria Habibu, Bilyaminu; Olawale, Otitoju; Ejeh, Yakubu Ojochenemi; Umaru, Isaac John; Oko, John Odiba; Yusufu, Dawoye; Dauda, Mai-anguwa Abdulrashid
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3563

Background and Objective: Soil plays a major role in food safety and security. A major problem in most developing nations is a lack of food security and safety. The soil environment is a reservoir of nutrients as well as pollutants. This study eval_uated the health risk and heavy metals speciation of arable farmlands in Ardo-Kola, Zing and Yorro, Local Government Areas of Taraba State, Nigeria. Methodology: Three different soil samples from three Local Government Areas of Taraba State (Ardo-Kola, Zing and Yorro) were collected using sterile glass sample collection bottles measured at 5 cm depth. The collected soil samples were freed from unwanted materials by hand picking and air-dried for 5 days to remove excess moisture. The dried soil samples were crushed in with mortar and a pestle, the crushed soil sample was sieved through a 2 mm sieve made of stainless steel the sieved soil sample was further pulverized to a fine powder and passed through a 0.5-mm sieve. Heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Hg and As) concentrations were assayed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Results: The results showed that Chromium had a high concentration with values ranging from 1.83 mg/kg to 2.62 mg/kg. While Lead and Mercury had the lowest concentration of less than 0.03 mg/kg across the studied areas. For ecological risk assessment parameters; target cancer risk, hazard index (HI) estimated daily intake (EDI) were all determined to assess the non-carcinogenic health risk. Ardo-Kola recorded the highest levels of HM, followed by Yorro, whereas Zing had the lowest concentration. Consumption of crops harvested from the sampled location may pose a serious health challenge; bio-accumulation of toxicants in the soil across the studied areas may pose a health risk due to high concentration of heavy metals which are known to generate free radicals that may lead to oxidative stress and other cellular damages in humans. Conclusion: Although most of the studied heavy metals were significantly present in all the analyzed soil except lead and mercury, their concentration in various soil samples across the studied areas exceeded the permissible levels as recommended by WHO except for Lead and mercury.

Biochemical Studies of the Effects of Nauclea Latifolia Ethanolic Root Extracts in Rats C, Udeh Sylvester M.; N, Ogugua V.; Y, Ojochenemi E.; J, Parker E.; S, Egba; E, Anaduaka; P, Ugwu O.; M, Ude C.; J, Iornenge T.; J, Danjuma
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3564

The plant Nauclea latifolia (Smith) (Family: Rubiaceae) also known as ‘Pin Cushion tree’ or ‘African Peach’ is a struggling shrub, native in tropical Africa and Asia where the use of folk medicine is preval_ent and the search for herbal cure is but common practice. Extraction of the root of Nauclea latifolia with ethanol yielded the ethanol extract. The acute toxicity study on the ethanol extract in mice established an intraperitoneal LD50 greater than 4000mg/kg. Thus, the ethanol extract could generally be regarded as safe. The phytochemical analysis of the Nauclea latifolia ethanol extract indicated the presence of flavonoids, saponins and reducing sugars. The result of the liver function test, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase enzymes and the serum concentrations of conjugated and total bilirubin measured suggest mild damage of the liver hepatocytes of rats treated with ethanolic extract of Nauclea latifolia root when compared to the control. Increased serum enzyme concentrations could be associated with hepatocellular damage. The result of urea and creatinine indicate that the kidney may be damaged when compared to the control group. The extract caused a slight but non significant increase (p > 0.05) in blood glucose concentration as administration of the extract continued at days 28 and 42. The present study established that the continuous administration of the ethanol crude extract of Nauclea latifolia is lethal to the hepatocytes and kidneys.

Assessment of Radiation Dose Level in the Farm Soil of Federal University Wukari, Northeast Nigeria Kilian, Ayuni Ngo; Saleh, Samuel; Sani, Yusuf; Unim, Unim Emmanuel
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3565

The study has assessed the amount of radiation exposed to farm soils of federal university Wukari, Taraba State with the aim to determine radiation dose in soils and to provide necessary information of human health risks associated with high radioactivity in soil and its effects on plant materials. Ten different soil samples were collected from different location in the farming soil and the Geiger Muller counter was used to measure the level of radiation exposure in the samples. The analyzed results showed low amount of radiation dose level. The absorbed dose values ranging between 0.1607 Gy/hr - 0.1730Gy/hr while equivalent dose rate ranges between 0.2815mSv/yr - 0.2956mSv/yr. These results revealed that the dose rate does not exceed the recommended values by International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) which is 1 mSv/yr for the general public and therefore do not pose a significant health hazard. The radiation dose level has no negative effect on both the plants and the dwellers. Therefore, the study area is safe for human activities.

Students’ Accommodation and Academic Performance: the Case of Federal University Wukari, Nigeria Abdulmudallib, Ibrahim; Luper, Anshula Kenneth
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3566

In response to growing concerns about the academic performance of higher education students, this study examines how accommodation choices influence academic outcomes at Federal University Wukari. By employing a mixed-methods approach, data was collected through surveys, interviews, and academic records. Results highlight a notable association between accommodation type and academic performance, with off-campus students exhibiting superior outcomes. To address these findings, recommendations are proposed, emphasizing the need to improve facilities, offer affordable housing options, and enhance safety measures to foster student success and well-being.

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M. Irwan Hadi

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Editorial Address
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Location
Kab. lombok timur,

Nusa tenggara barat

INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

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Abstract

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name M. Irwan Hadi

Contact Email office@yasin-alsys.org

Phone +6285799379817

Journal Mail Official -

Editorial Address -

Location Kab. lombok timur, Nusa tenggara barat INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
M. Irwan Hadi

Contact Email
office@yasin-alsys.org

Phone
+6285799379817

Journal Mail Official
-

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kab. lombok timur,

Nusa tenggara barat

INDONESIA