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Kejahatan & Keadilan: Jurnal Kriminologi Indonesia
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 31231934     EISSN : -     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/kriminologi
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
The scope includes but it is not limited to 4 (four) Criminology research pillars: 1. Crime and Social Dynamics; 2. Law Enforcement and Corrections; 3. Crime Prevention and Control; and 4. Crime Victim and Justice.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 12 Documents
 1   2 
Live CCTV Monitoring as a Crime Prevention Method: A Case Study of Prayer Rooms at Station X and Z Setiawan, Sapta Rizki; Olii, Mohammad Irvan
Jurnal Kriminologi Indonesia Vol. 2, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Abstract. The use of Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) technology in security systems is often passive in nature, functioning mainly as a tool for documentation and post-incident evidence collection. This article presents a case study of successful active live surveillance conducted by security personnel at the Security Operation Center of a private security company in prayer rooms (mushola) of Stations X and Z. Through 24/7 CCTV monitoring and real-time voice intervention using integrated loudspeakers, significant changes were observed in preventing theft of personal belongings of visitors during prayer. Employing a case study approach with autoethnographic methods, this research involved interviews with the management of PT XZ and Security Console Operator from PT GA, along with field observations. Findings demonstrate that this active surveillance model effectively eliminated theft incidents. This article advocates for a paradigm shift in the utilization of CCTV—from a passive recording device to an active deterrent tool based on immediate intervention.
Folk Devil Construction in The Symbolic Space of The City (A Study of Klitih in the City of Yogyakarta) Sulhin, Iqrak; Harahap, Chisa Belinda
Jurnal Kriminologi Indonesia Vol. 2, No. 1
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Yogyakarta is widely recognized as a city of culture and education, a symbolic identity institutionalized through historical narratives, political discourse, and cultural policy. The emergence of klitih—a term originally denoting aimless wandering but now associated with youth-perpetrated street violence—has challenged this image and generated intense public concern. While existing studies primarily explain klitih through causal factors such as peer influence, family supervision, and socio-economic conditions, this article shifts attention to the discursive construction of the phenomenon. Drawing on a constructionist approach and informed by cultural criminology and moral panic theory, the study analyses semi-structured interviews with government officials, law enforcement officers, journalists, and civil society actors, alongside representations in mass media and social media. The findings demonstrate that klitih has undergone a semantic transformation and is constructed as a “folk devil” that symbolically contaminates Yogyakarta’s urban identity. The strength of the city’s cultural branding amplifies moral panic and legitimises repressive governance responses. The article argues that in cities with strongly institutionalised symbolic identities, crime is framed not merely as deviance but as a paradox to urban meaning. By situating klitih within the symbolic politics of the city and Indonesia’s historical governance of crime, this study contributes to cultural criminology by demonstrating how moral panic operates in post-authoritarian urban contexts.
Institutional Constraints on Investigative Oversight: Accountability and Governance of the Investigation Supervision Bureau (Biro Pengawas Penyidikan) of the Indonesian National Police Sinaga, Mastalina; Prativi, Dhiajeng
Jurnal Kriminologi Indonesia Vol. 2, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Investigative professionalism constitutes a fundamental pillar of the criminal justice system; however, its realization is frequently constrained by institutional design and procedural limitations within oversight mechanisms. This article examines the role of the Investigation Supervision Bureau (Biro Pengawas Penyidikan (Birowassidik)) of the Criminal Investigation Agency (Badan Reserse Kriminal (Bareskrim)) of the Indonesian National Police (Polri) in handling public complaints related to investigative performance. Rather than presuming the existence of a unified ‘Code of Silence’, this study adopts a qualitative critical analysis to assess the structural and procedural constraints inherent in Birowassidik’s mandate as a complaint-based supervisory institution. The analysis demonstrates that the low resolution rate of public complaints (34.1% as of December 2025) should not be interpreted as conclusive evidence of organizational collusion or subcultural loyalty, but instead reflects evidentiary dependency, jurisdictional fragmentation, and limitations in supervisory authority. Accordingly, the concept of the ‘Code of Silence’ is treated as an analytical hypothesis rather than an empirical conclusion. This study argues that strengthening investigative accountability requires a recalibration of governance expectations through enhanced procedural transparency, digital oversight mechanisms such as e-SP2HP, and clearer institutional coordination with other internal and external oversight bodies. Such an approach is essential to ensuring accountability that is both realistic and consistent with the principles of good governance and democratic legal certainty.
Police Integrity and the Code of Silence (CoS): Evidence from a Large-Scale Scenario-Based Survey in Indonesia -, Dr. Indarto, S.H., S.Sos., S.I.K., M.Si
Jurnal Kriminologi Indonesia Vol. 2, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Issues of police integrity are not only driven by individual misconduct but are also sustained by organizational norms that inhibit the reporting of wrongdoing, known as the Code of Silence (CoS). This article reports the results of a large-scale, scenario-based police integrity survey conducted among personnel of the Indonesian National Police (Polri). After excluding responses that did not meet the honesty criterion, analyses were conducted on 57,574 respondents. Respondents evaluated six misconduct scenarios and assessed perceived seriousness, perceived deterrence (likelihood of detection and sanction), knowledge of rules, and willingness to report. Reliability tests indicated very strong internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.913–0.973). The results show that drunk driving is consistently rated as the most serious misconduct and the most reportable. In contrast, receiving gratuities and other forms of minor misconduct are rated as least serious and least likely to be reported. Perceptions vary significantly by assignment type (staff vs. operational), years of service, and rank, indicating differences in how integrity expectations are interpreted within the organization. In addition, Polri personnel tend to estimate that the public rates some forms of misconduct as less serious than internal ratings, suggesting a misalignment between internal norms and public expectations. These findings highlight the importance of increasing the certainty of sanctions, strengthening confidential reporting mechanisms, and designing integrity interventions tailored to units and career stages where the CoS is most entrenched.
Structural Negligence and State Harm in Public Safety: The Kelingking Beach Case Wijaya, Louis O
Jurnal Kriminologi Indonesia Vol. 2, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Kelingking Beach in Nusa Penida, Bali, is a highly promoted tourist destination that has been repeatedly associated with serious injuries and fatalities. Despite well-known hazards, incidents continue to occur, raising concerns about public safety governance at natural tourism sites. This study adopts a qualitative case study approach using media reports, policy statements, scientific studies on coastal risk management, and official tourism safety communications. Data were analyzed thematically to identify patterns of risk recognition, safety intervention, and institutional response. The findings reveal a recurring pattern of fatal and serious incidents at Kelingking Beach. Risk management has primarily relied on ambiguous signage, verbal advisories, and post-incident rescue efforts, while preventive structural mitigation and enforcement remain limited. Official responses tend to emphasize individual non-compliance rather than institutional responsibility. Recurring harm at Kelingking Beach reflects routine governance practices consistent with structural negligence, in which foreseeable risks are tolerated through institutional omission. Strengthening proactive and enforceable safety governance is essential to prevent foreseeable and avoidable public harm in tourism settings.
Neutralization Mechanisms in Protest-related Vandalism: Implications for Psycholinguistic Crisis Communication Lyndardi, M. Agung
Jurnal Kriminologi Indonesia Vol. 2, No. 1
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Protest-related vandalism has become a recurring phenomenon in Indonesia’s democratic landscape, particularly during large-scale demonstrations involving students, labor groups, and civil society coalitions. Conventional legal approaches that define vandalism as a public-order violation are insufficient to explain why such actions persist, why they concentrate on symbolic state targets, and why participants frequently deny moral wrongdoing. This article analyzes protest-related vandalism in Indonesia through the framework of neutralization theory (Sykes & Matza, 1957), integrating perspectives from criminology, moral disengagement theory, collective action, political legitimacy, and public psycholinguistics. Using a structured literature review of international and Indonesian scholarship published between 1957 and 2024, this study demonstrates that denial of responsibility, denial of injury, denial of the victim, condemnation of condemners, and appeal to higher loyalties operate as cognitive mechanisms that justify vandalism during protest escalation. These mechanisms are reinforced by moralized grievances, low institutional trust, digital protest communication, and state responses to mass demonstrations. The article argues that crisis communication by state authorities functions as a psycholinguistic intervention that can either amplify or constrain neutralization processes. The findings offer criminologically grounded implications for developing de-escalatory communication strategies that reduce protest-related vandalism while maintaining democratic legitimacy in Indonesia.
Implementation of Public-Private Partnership Model Towards Ideal Operationalization of Correctional Institution in Indonesia Aisyah, Sani Siti, -
Jurnal Kriminologi Indonesia Vol. 1, No. 1
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The increasing popularity of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) in prison or correctional institution development and management is currently often studied from an economic perspective that prioritizes state budget efficiency and is rarely studied from a social perspective that prioritizes benefits for the community in the context of social control. Realizing that PPP has positive potential in the ideal operationalization of correctional institution amidst limited human resources and budget, this study examines various correctional institution PPP models using the correction theory framework. This study was designed as an exploratory qualitative study using interview, document studies, field observations and FGD. This study successfully identified 5 correctional institution PPP models, namely: 1) "private governance"; 2) "hybrid management"; 3) "limited hybrid management"; 4) "service infrastructure"; and 5) "contracting out certain limited functions". The correctional institution PPP model that has the potential to create safe, humane and productive correctional institution conditions is the model that does not allow private involvement in correctional institution administration and management as well as in the custody aspect of correction services. The determinant factors that must be considered in determining and implementing those correctional institution PPP models are: 1) ideology and constitution; 2) goals or philosophy of correction; 3) needs; and 4) budget. In Indonesia, the “limited hybrid management” model is suitable for the operationalization of industry in medium and minimum security correctional institution to provide inmates with work skills.
Public Compliance towards Indonesian National Police (POLRI) Authority in the Midst of a Strained Public-Police Relationship Hatmawan, Ilham Dwi
Jurnal Kriminologi Indonesia Vol. 1, No. 1
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Public trust in the Indonesian National Police (Polri) has experienced significant fluctuations due to allegations of misconduct, corruption, and excessive use of force. This study examines the relationship between public trust and compliance with Polri authority, particularly in the context of strained police-community relations. Drawing on procedural justice and restorative regulation theories, the research argues that trust directly influences voluntary compliance and that procedural justice alone is insufficient to repair legitimacy deficits. Instead, a dual model combining procedural fairness with restorative reconciliation, including acknowledgment of past harms and community dialogue is proposed as a more effective strategy for rebuilding trust. Using a mixed-methods approach, this study analyses national survey data on public trust in Polri alongside qualitative insights from community-police engagement initiatives. The findings suggest that while instrumental compliance (fear-based adherence) persists in low-trust environments, normative compliance (voluntary cooperation) is stronger where procedural justice and restorative practices are implemented. Additionally, the study explores variations in compliance across different social groups, applying Hirschi’s (1969) Social Bond Theory to explain divergent responses to police authority. The study contributes to policing legitimacy literature by demonstrating the need for context-sensitive reforms in post-authoritarian societies like Indonesia. It recommends integrating procedural justice training, community dialogues, public apologies for past injustices, and transparent accountability mechanisms to foster sustainable compliance. Future research should empirically test the proposed dual model in diverse Indonesian communities to refine its applicability.
Intersectionality in the Maze of Oppression: A Feminist Criminology Analysis of Systematic Vulnerability and Exploitation of Indonesian Women Trafficked to Cambodia Anugrah, Reza; Mutaharina, Lifiana Alanisya
Jurnal Kriminologi Indonesia Vol. 1, No. 1
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This study explores the vulnerability of Indonesian women to the crime of human trafficking in Cambodia, analyzing its structural and patriarchal roots. Employing a qualitative methodology through literature review, the paper delineates how socio-economic disparities and limited employment opportunities in Indonesia drive women toward illegal job offers that ultimately result in exploitation. Human trafficking syndicates exploit traditional gender constructs and manipulate identities to entrap victims, even involving women as alleged perpetrators. Criminological and legal analyses reveal a shift toward more complex forms of transnational crime, exacerbated by the use of digital technology. Although the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 21 of 2007 on the Eradication of the Crime of Human Trafficking (hereinafter referred to as the “Human Trafficking Law”) exists, its implementation is hindered by gender-biased law enforcement and a lack of responsiveness, resulting in the double victimization of survivors. Over 60% of trafficking victims are women, yet many of them face criminalization. The concept of human security becomes an illusion as the state fails to provide adequate protection and empowerment. Comprehensive legal reform, a victim-centered approach, and strengthened cross-border cooperation are urgently required to address this issue.
Is Poverty the Root of All Crime? Rethinking Criminality Amid Institutional Failure in Madagascar Manitra, Ramalina Ranaivo Mikea
Jurnal Kriminologi Indonesia Vol. 1, No. 1
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Madagascar continues to grapple with high levels of poverty and weak institutional capacity, creating conditions conducive to widespread and persistent criminality. This paper aims to examine how structural poverty, institutional failure, and state fragility interact to shape patterns of crime through the lens of criminological theories such as strain theory, social disorganisation, and state-centred criminology. Using a qualitative methodology based on a comprehensive literature review of empirical studies, policy documents, and international reports, the paper explores the socio-economic and institutional dynamics underpinning crime in Madagascar. The findings reveal that poverty-driven crime often arises as a rational response to unmet needs, exacerbated by weak governance, corruption, and fragmented social protections. Moreover, informal criminality in some contexts becomes a semi-legitimate form of survival and social organisation. The study concludes by drawing on successful poverty alleviation, social welfare, and governance models from other countries to propose tailored, integrated strategies for Madagascar aimed at reducing crime through comprehensive socio-economic and institutional reforms.

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