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Global Medical and Health Communication
Published by Universitas Islam Bandung
ISSN : 23019123     EISSN : 24605441     DOI : https://doi.org/10.29313/gmhc.v13i2
Core Subject :
Global Medical and Health Communication is a journal that publishes research articles on medical and health published every 4 (four) months (April, August, and December). Articles are original research that needs to be disseminated and written in English. Subjects suitable for publication include but are not limited to the following fields of anesthesiology and intensive care, biochemistry, biomolecular, cardiovascular, child health, dentistry, dermatology and venerology, endocrinology, environmental health, epidemiology, geriatric, health communication, health promotion, hematology, histology, histopathology, immunology, internal medicine, nursing sciences, midwifery, nutrition, nutrition and metabolism, obstetrics and gynecology, occupational health, oncology, ophthalmology, oral biology, orthopedics and traumatology, otorhinolaryngology, pharmacology, pharmacy, preventive medicine, public health, pulmonology, radiology, and reproductive health.
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Articles 35 Documents
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Differences in MyoD, YAP, and TAZ mRNA expression in Skeletal Muscle of Wistar Rats Induced by Single-Bout and 8-Week Resistance Training Dhaifina Fajri Amasyitha; Nova Sylviana; Setiawan
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): Accredited Sinta 2
Publisher : UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Universitas Islam Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v13i3.7356

Abstract

Sedentary lifestyles contribute to reduced physical fitness and muscle mass. Resistance training (RT) promotes skeletal muscle hypertrophy through mechanical, metabolic, and hormonal stimuli, regulated by satellite cells and myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs), such as MyoD. Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), downstream effectors of the Hippo pathway, are also implicated in muscle regeneration and growth, though their precise mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the expression of MyoD, YAP, and TAZ mRNA in rat gastrocnemius muscle following a single bout of resistance training and 8 weeks of resistance training. Fifteen male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to control (CON), single-bout resistance training (SBRT), and 8-week resistance training (8WRT) groups (n=5/group). We conducted resistance training with 15 male Wistar rats using a vertical ladder-climbing protocol and progressive loads in the Science Laboratory Postgraduate Building at Padjajaran University, Dipati Ukur, and in the Central Laboratory at Padjajaran University, Jatinangor, from September 2024 to January 2025. Gastrocnemius muscle samples were collected, and mRNA expression of MyoD, YAP, and TAZ was analyzed via qPCR. Statistical analysis used appropriate parametric or non-parametric tests depending on data distribution. YAP and TAZ expression were significantly increased in SBRT and 8WRT compared to CON (p<0.05), with SBRT showing the highest YAP and 8WRT the highest TAZ levels. MyoD expression decreased significantly in both trained groups (p=0.011), with a non-significant increase in 8WRT compared with SBRT. In conclusion, both SBRT and 8WRT significantly alter MyoD, YAP, and TAZ mRNA expression, suggesting activation and differentiation of satellite cells in response to RT, indicating its involvement in acute and chronic adaptation.
Comparative Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training (MICT) on Cardiac Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-Alpha (PGC-1α) and Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) mRNA Expression in Wistar Rats Amalia Prarizkahati; Nova Sylviana; Hanna Goenawan
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): Accredited Sinta 2
Publisher : UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Universitas Islam Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v13i2.7357

Abstract

Sedentary behavior increases cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk through oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Exercise modalities such as moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) may counter these effects by regulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). This experimental study compared the effects of MICT and HIIT on myocardial mRNA expression of PGC-1α and Nrf2 in male Wistar rats. Eighteen rats were randomly allocated to control, MICT, or HIIT groups (n=6) and underwent 8 weeks (January–April 2025) of treadmill training at the Animal Research Innovation Central (ARIC) and Central Laboratory of Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia. Myocardial mRNA expression was assessed using quantitative PCR and analyzed with one-way ANOVA (p<0.05). PGC-1α expression increased in both exercise groups versus control (0.498±0.139), with higher levels in MICT (0.921±0.094) and HIIT (0.839±0.073), corresponding to 1.8- and 1.7-fold increases, without a significant difference between the two (p=0.556). Nrf2 expression showed a mild, nonsignificant increase in MICT (0.708±0.110) and HIIT (0.682±0.171) compared to control (0.651±0.097; p=0.923). In conclusion, both MICT and HIIT enhance myocardial mitochondrial biogenesis by upregulating PGC-1α, supporting their cardioprotective effects, while unchanged Nrf2 expression may reflect redox homeostasis during chronic exercise.
Evaluating Risk Factors for Late-onset Neonatal Sepsis Wedi Iskandar; Rizky Dwi Juniartho; Yani Triyani; Vidi Permatagalih
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): Accredited Sinta 2
Publisher : UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Universitas Islam Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v13i2.7370

Abstract

Abstract Late-onset neonatal sepsis (LONS) encompasses sepsis presenting ≥72 hours after birth, is commonly attributed to hospital-acquired infections, and contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality among newborns. The study aims to identify the risk factors associated with LONS. The study design was a retrospective, case-control observational study evaluating the medical records of neonates admitted to the neonatal care unit of Al Islam Hospital in Bandung from 2020 January 1 to 2022 December 31. This study assessed the impact of the following independent variables: gestational age (GA), birth weight (BW), mechanical ventilation, invasive procedures, total parenteral nutrition (TPN), and length of stay. Chi-square to bivariate and logistic regression to multivariate analyses were utilized to examine the data. In total, 85 infants were included in the study, 29 cases of LONS (34.1%). In the bivariate analysis, the occurrence of LONS based on BW (<1,500 grams), GA (<34 weeks), mechanical ventilator, invasive procedures, TPN, length of stay ≥10 days were (p=0.004, 95% CI=1.503 to 9.978, OR=3.872), (p=0.924, 95% CI=0.386 to 2.853, OR=1.050), (p=0.079, 95% CI=0.836 to 12.030, OR=3.171), (p=0.171, 95% CI=0.756 to 4.717, OR=1.888), (p=0.005, 95% CI=1.513 to 20.782, OR=5.608), (p=0.038; 95% CI=1.031 to 9.356, OR=3.106), respectively. In multivariate analysis, the risk factors were not significantly associated with p≥0.05, with a Nagelkerke R² of 0.365. In conclusion, BW<1,500 grams, TPN, and length of stay ≥10 days showed significant correlations with the occurrence of LONS, which increased by 36.5% when all variables were considered simultaneously.
Integrated Exhaust System in Grossing Table for Formaldehyde Exposure Control Meike Rachmawati; Wida Purbaningsih; Meta Maulida Damayanti; Iman Apriana Effendi; Faradilla Azzahra Dinariansyah; Fathin Azimati Nadila; Ismawati; Nugraha; Aninditya Putri Anugrah; Fattahrani; Reyiena Kusumaryani Rahmat
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): Accredited Sinta 2
Publisher : UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Universitas Islam Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v13i2.7422

Abstract

Formaldehyde, a widely used tissue fixative in anatomical pathology laboratories, poses significant health risks due to its irritant and carcinogenic properties. Exposure control during grossing procedures is critical, yet commercial grossing tables with integrated ventilation systems are often cost-prohibitive. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a cost-effective grossing table equipped with a local exhaust ventilation system to reduce formaldehyde exposure in compliance with occupational health and safety (OHS) standards. A quasi-experimental study was conducted in collaboration with an anatomical pathology laboratory in Bandung, Indonesia, from 2023 to 2025, testing three exhaust configurations: (1) control (no exhaust), (2) room exhaust only (S1), and (3) room + table-mounted exhaust (S2). Session-level analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis test revealed significant differences among configurations (p=0.035). Post-hoc Mann-Whitney tests confirmed that exposure in S2 was significantly lower than in the control (p=0.024, 95% CI=0.25–0.70), indicating a large effect size. Mean session exposures decreased from control (0.86–1.50 ppm) to S1 (0.74–0.85 ppm) and S2 (0.58–0.62 ppm). The corresponding 8-hour time-weighted averages (TWA) were 0.403 ppm (control), 0.257 ppm (S1), and 0.086 ppm (S2), compared to the limits of 0.75 ppm (OSHA), 0.1 ppm (ACGIH), and 0.016 ppm (NIOSH). Short-term exposure limits (STELs) were 1.55 ppm, 1.11 ppm, and 0.29 ppm, benchmarked against two ppm (OSHA), 0.3 ppm (ACGIH), and 0.1 ppm (NIOSH), respectively. In conclusion, the S2 setup met OSHA and ACGIH limits, demonstrating that integrated local exhaust effectively reduces formaldehyde exposure and provides an effective engineering control to improve occupational safety in pathology laboratories. This low-cost intervention offers a practical solution for safer working conditions in pathology laboratories.
Differential Effects of High-intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and Moderate-intensity Continuous Training (MICT) on Cardiac Follistatin-like 1 (FSTL-1) mRNA Expression in Wistar Rats Nova Sylviana; Putri Karisa; Futri Wulan Agustin; Badai Bhatara Tiksnadi; Putri Teesa Radhiyanti Santoso; Hanna Goenawan
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): Accredited Sinta 2
Publisher : UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Universitas Islam Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v13i2.7451

Abstract

Follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1) is a cardiokine that plays a protective role in cardiovascular health. Physical exercise, particularly aerobic training, has been shown to modulate FSTL1 expression. This study aims to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on mRNA expression of FSTL1 in the cardiac tissue of Wistar rats. This study employed an in vivo approach and was conducted at the Laboratory of Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, from December 2024 to May 2025. A total of 18 male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control (no exercise, n=6), HIIT (n=6), and MICT (n=6), each undergoing an eight-week training protocol. Exercise was performed on a treadmill five times per week. Left ventricular heart muscle samples were collected for mRNA expression analysis of FSTL1 using real-time PCR. Data analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by a post-hoc test. The results showed a significant difference in FSTL-1 expression among the three groups: control, MICT, and HIIT (p<0.05). Post-hoc tests revealed a substantial difference between the control and HIIT (p<0.05) and control and MICT (p<0.005) groups, but no significant difference was found between the MICT and HIIT groups (p>0.05). The absence of significant change in the MICT group compared to HIIT highlights the potential of HIIT as a more potent stimulus for cardioprotective gene expression. Further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and long-term effects. In conclusion, HIIT and MICT can upregulate cardiac FSTL-1 mRNA expression of Wistar rats.
Risk Factors for Anemia among Pregnant Women: a Case-control Study in Banda Aceh, Indonesia Nelva Riza; Gadis Halizasia; Komala Kartikasari; Ristiani; Ferdi Riansyah
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): Accredited Sinta 2
Publisher : UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Universitas Islam Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v13i2.7479

Abstract

Anemia in pregnancy remains a significant public health concern in Indonesia and contributes to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Local evidence on context-specific risk factors in Banda Aceh is limited. This study aimed to identify factors associated with anemia among pregnant women in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. An unmatched case-control study was conducted from June to December 2024 across antenatal care facilities in Banda Aceh. A total of 196 pregnant women were enrolled by consecutive sampling, including 98 anemic cases and 98 non-anemic controls. Hemoglobin levels were measured using an EasyTouch hemoglobin meter, and nutritional status was assessed using mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC). Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Maternal age at risk (<20 or >35 years) was strongly associated with anemia (aOR=6.39, 95% CI=2.78–14.72, p<0.001). High parity (≥3 pregnancies) also increased the likelihood of anemia (aOR=4.62, 95% CI=2.06–10.34; p<0.001), as did third-trimester gestation (aOR=2.72, 95% CI=1.11–4.84, p=0.025). Chronic energy deficiency (CED) showed a significant association in bivariate analysis and remained clinically relevant. In conclusion, maternal age, parity, and late gestational age were independently associated with anemia among pregnant women in Banda Aceh. Strengthening nutritional screening using MUAC, optimizing birth spacing, and enhancing adherence to iron-folic acid supplementation are essential to reduce anemia-related complications in the region.
Serum High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol Concentration as Determinant of Poor Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at a Public Health Center in Jakarta, Indonesia Yenny; Patricia Budihartanti Liman; Joice Viladelphia Kalumpiu; Triasti Khusfiani; Jihan Samira; Arleen Devita
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): Accredited Sinta 2
Publisher : UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Universitas Islam Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v13i3.7551

Abstract

The risk factors for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are poorly understood. This study assessed the prevalence of poor glycemic control and the predictive factors of poor glycemic control among T2DM outpatients in the community. This 30-day community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among ambulatory T2DM patients in Jakarta from May to June 2023. Data on age, sex, and level of education were collected by questionnaire, whereas data on body mass index, lipid profile, and HbA1c were obtained by measurement. Glycemic control was good if HbA1c <7 % and poor if HbA1c≥7%. The relationships between age, sex, level of education, body mass index, lipid profile, and glycemic control were determined using simple logistic regression. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the most influential risk factors of glycemic control. Poor glycemic control was found in 68.4% respondents, and obesity in 57.9% of respondents. After adjustment for age, level of education, and triglyceride concentration, the most influential factor for glycemic control was HDL concentration (aOR=4.43, 95% CI=1.19–16.5, p=0.027). Patients with T2DM with HDL <40 mg/dl had a 4.63 times significantly higher odds of poor glycemic control than those with HDL ≥40 mg/dl. This study found a high prevalence of poor glycemic control in the community setting among individuals with T2DM, with HDL concentration as the most significant predictor. Meanwhile, a triglyceride concentration of ≥150 mg/dl independently provided 58% greater protection against glycemic control (p=0.035), but the effect was not significant after adjustment (p>0.05). The high prevalence of poor glycemic control, dyslipidemia, and obesity in T2DM patients requires routine screening and monitoring accompanied by health education on lifestyle modification for risk factor control, thus minimizing the risk of complications.
Clinicopathological Overview of Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Salivary Glands at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, in 2019–2023 Rakhmiana; Hermin Aminah Usman; Birgitta Maria Dewayani
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): Accredited Sinta 2
Publisher : UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Universitas Islam Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v13i2.7592

Abstract

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) is a rare malignant tumor of the salivary glands, accounting for approximately 1% of head and neck malignancies. This study aims to describe the clinicopathological characteristics of AdCC at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital from 2019 to 2023. It is a retrospective descriptive study involving 60 AdCC patients diagnosed based on histopathological examination at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. Age, gender, primary tumor location, perineural invasion status, distant metastasis, tumor stage, tumor grade, and residual mass were analyzed using SPSS version 26 software. Of the 60 patients, 57% were female, with a mean age of 52 years. AdCC occurred more frequently in the minor salivary glands (79%). Most cases were diagnosed at an advanced stage (38%) and were classified as grade I. Perineural invasion was rare (12%). Distant metastasis occurred in 22% of patients, and residual mass was found in 38% of cases. It may be attributed to the fact that most samples in this study involved minor salivary glands, where the complex anatomical location increases the difficulty of treatment planning and makes surgical approaches to advanced-stage tumors in this area more complicated. In conclusion, most cases of AdCC at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital from 2019 to 2023 occurred in female patients, with a mean age of 52 years. The tumors predominantly originated from minor salivary glands, were classified as grade I, and were mainly diagnosed at an advanced stage with a high rate of residual mass.
Macro and Micronutrient Intake and Its Effects on Hemoglobin Levels and Breast Milk Quality in Breastfeeding Mothers Rukmaini; Bella Rachmasari; Lisa Trina Arlym
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): Accredited Sinta 2
Publisher : UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Universitas Islam Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v13i2.7599

Abstract

Anemia during the postpartum period can cause complications that affect maternal recovery and the quality of breast milk. Adequate intake of macro- (carbohydrates, proteins, fats) and micronutrients (vitamins, minerals) is essential to maintain hemoglobin (Hb) levels and ensure optimal breast milk composition. This study aimed to analyze the influence of macro- and micronutrient intake on Hb levels and breast milk quality among postpartum mothers in Palmerah District, West Jakarta. This study used a cross-sectional design involving 30 postpartum mothers as respondents, selected through total sampling. The research was conducted in Palmerah District, West Jakarta, from December 2024 to January 2025. Data were collected using a 3×24-hour food recall, analyzed with Nutrisurvey 2007, and laboratory tests to measure Hb levels and breast milk protein content. The observed variables were macronutrient intake (carbohydrates, proteins, fats), micronutrient intake (iron, vitamins, minerals), Hb levels, and breast milk protein. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics for univariate analysis, Pearson correlation for bivariate analysis, and simple linear regression for multivariate analysis. A significant positive correlation was found between iron intake and Hb levels (r=0.622, p<0.05), accounting for 38.6% of the variation in Hb levels. Iron intake was also significantly associated with the protein content of breast milk (r=0.580, p=0.001). In contrast, protein, carbohydrate, and fat intake showed no significant relationship with Hb levels or breast milk protein. In conclusion, iron intake plays a vital role in improving Hb levels and breast milk quality among postpartum mothers in Palmerah District, West Jakarta. Strengthening nutritional programs that promote sufficient iron consumption is essential to support maternal health and ensure optimal infant nutrition.
Determinant Analysis of Factors Affecting the Incidence of Vaginal Discharge among Adolescent Girls Triana Indrayani; Mujellalah Mujellalah; Jenny Anna Siauta
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): Accredited Sinta 2
Publisher : UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Universitas Islam Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v14i1.7686

Abstract

Vaginal discharge is a common reproductive health problem among adolescent girls and is often associated with inadequate knowledge and poor hygiene practices. In Indonesia, its high prevalence can negatively affect adolescents' health and quality of life. This study aimed to identify the most dominant factors influencing the incidence of vaginal discharge among adolescent girls at a junior high school in Central Jakarta. A cross-sectional design was applied from June to July 2024, involving 144 ninth-grade female students selected through random sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using univariate, bivariate (chi-square), and multivariate logistic regression analyses. The results showed significant associations between knowledge, personal hygiene behavior, panty liner use, physical activity, perineal hygiene, anemia, and the incidence of vaginal discharge. Multivariate analysis revealed that physical activity was the most influential factor (OR=14.949). This finding suggests that inadequate or inappropriate physical activity may disrupt hormonal balance, particularly estrogen regulation, which plays a crucial role in maintaining vaginal glycogen levels and acidity. Such disruption can alter the vaginal microenvironment, reduce the dominance of protective Lactobacillus bacteria, and increase susceptibility to abnormal vaginal discharge. In conclusion, physical activity emerged as the most dominant determinant of vaginal discharge among adolescent girls, alongside other behavioral and physiological factors. These findings highlight the importance of promoting balanced physical activity and comprehensive reproductive health education as preventive strategies for vaginal discharge in adolescents.

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