Global Medical and Health Communication
Global Medical and Health Communication is a journal that publishes research articles on medical and health published every 4 (four) months (April, August, and December). Articles are original research that needs to be disseminated and written in English. Subjects suitable for publication include but are not limited to the following fields of anesthesiology and intensive care, biochemistry, biomolecular, cardiovascular, child health, dentistry, dermatology and venerology, endocrinology, environmental health, epidemiology, geriatric, health communication, health promotion, hematology, histology, histopathology, immunology, internal medicine, nursing sciences, midwifery, nutrition, nutrition and metabolism, obstetrics and gynecology, occupational health, oncology, ophthalmology, oral biology, orthopedics and traumatology, otorhinolaryngology, pharmacology, pharmacy, preventive medicine, public health, pulmonology, radiology, and reproductive health.
Articles
35 Documents
<![CDATA[Light Microscopy vs PCR Performance in Detecting Plasmodium knowlesi: Indonesia 2011−2020 ]]>
<![CDATA[Nisa Fauziah]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Yusuf Zakiyyudin]]>;
<![CDATA[Savira Ekawardhani]]>;
<![CDATA[Naufal Fakhri Nugraha]]>;
<![CDATA[Jontari Hutagalung]]>
<![CDATA[ Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): Accredited Sinta 2 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Universitas Islam Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v13i2.8239
<![CDATA[The emergence of life-threatening zoonotic Plasmodium knowlesi infection poses a growing challenge for Indonesia and other Southeast Asian countries. Accurate and timely diagnosis is critical; however, Plasmodium knowlesi is challenging to identify using light microscopy—the current gold standard for malaria diagnosis—potentially hindering surveillance and case management. This study aims to compare the performance of light microscopy and PCR in detecting Plasmodium knowlesi malaria by analyzing national malaria surveillance data collected between 2011 and 2020. This study was a retrospective analysis. Samples included thick blood films, thin blood films, and dried blood spots, which were referred to the National Laboratory of Parasitology Referral of Indonesia. All samples were examined using light microscopy and confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the reference standard for assessing diagnostic accuracy. Compared to PCR, light microscopy demonstrated an excellent sensitivity of 100% (95% CI=92.7–100) and a negative predictive value of 100% (95% CI=78.2–100). However, its specificity was low at 55.6% (95% CI=35.3–74.5), with a positive predictive value of 80.3% (95% CI=72.8–86.2), indicating a frequent misidentification of Plasmodium knowlesi as other Plasmodium species. In conclusion, while light microscopy is highly sensitive and valuable for initial screening, its poor specificity limits its role in definitive diagnosis of Plasmodium knowlesi malaria. PCR remains essential for accurate identification and confirmation, particularly in regions where zoonotic malaria is prevalent.]]>
<![CDATA[Effectiveness of Health Risks of Cigarette Smoking Education-based Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skill Model of Increasing Smoking Cessation Motivation ]]>
<![CDATA[Rivan Virlando Suryadinata]]>;
<![CDATA[Amelia Lorensia]]>;
<![CDATA[Rizki Hersandio]]>
<![CDATA[ Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): Accredited Sinta 2 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Universitas Islam Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v13i2.8240
<![CDATA[Smoking is responsible for a high proportion of morbidity and mortality in Indonesia. Because of the loss in terms of health and economy, the smoking cessation program is the main treatment option for smokers. The information-motivation-behavioral skill (IMB) explains that knowledge is not the only determinant of behavior change, but also the motivation and behavioral skills of individuals. The purpose of the study was to develop a health education strategy by exploring the conditions of knowledge that could affect motivation to quit smoking. This research employed interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) on male young active smokers as students in Surabaya, East Java, from April to July 2021. The collection of samples employed snowball and purposive sampling, utilizing the in-depth interview method until data saturation was achieved. The data analysis process involved coding and verbatim transcription of the interview results, which described the interview process and provided research reflection on the interview results (self-reflection). The study was conducted on 23 students. Most respondents fell within the 20–23-year age range. On the topic of the dangers of cigarettes, they showed they only knew that they were dangerous, but didn't know to what extent nicotine and tar were hazardous to health. On the dangers of smoking to health topic, respondents knew the impact of tobacco on health, but didn't care about the effects on health. In conclusion, the level of knowledge related to smoking cessation can inform therapeutic options tailored to individual conditions.]]>
<![CDATA[The Effect of a Combination Cream Containing 4% Licorice Extract, 5% Tranexamic Acid, and Dexpanthenol in Liposome on Melanin Levels and Expression of Microphthalmia-associated Transcription Factor (MITF) in UV-B Exposed Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Skin ]]>
<![CDATA[Jeanny Indriani]]>;
<![CDATA[Diana Krisanti Jasaputra]]>;
<![CDATA[Fen Tih]]>
<![CDATA[ Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): Accredited Sinta 2 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Universitas Islam Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v13i2.8242
<![CDATA[Melanin synthesis is regulated by the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), a crucial regulator of melanogenesis. The combination of licorice extract and tranexamic acid has been known to exhibit synergistic effects in addressing hyperpigmentation. Additionally, the inclusion of dexpanthenol in liposome formulations can enhance the absorption of topical drugs, improve their effectiveness, and reduce side effects associated with topical treatments. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a combination cream containing 4% licorice extract, 5% tranexamic acid, and dexpanthenol in liposomes on improving hyperpigmentation in UV-B-exposed Wistar rat skin, as assessed by melanin levels and MITF gene expression. This research was carried out in the laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Kristen Maranatha, and the Iratco Laboratory, Bogor, Indonesia, from April to December 2024. The results showed that the application of the combination cream significantly reduced melanin levels. In the treatment group, the lowest average melanin level was observed at 0.869±0.263, compared to 2.763±0.398 in the negative control group and 6.391±0.430 in the vehicle control group (p<0.0001). The combination cream also significantly reduced MITF expression, with the treatment group showing the lowest average MITF expression at 0.306±0.201, compared to 1.025±0.102 in the negative control group and 2.320±0.112 in the vehicle control group (p=0.000). It can be concluded that the combination cream containing 4% licorice extract, 5% tranexamic acid, and dexpanthenol in liposome effectively reduced melanin levels and MITF expression in UV-B-exposed Wistar rat skin.]]>
<![CDATA[The Effect of Tripotassium Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid (K3EDTA) Blood Sample Shelf Time at Room Temperature on Hemoglobin Levels ]]>
<![CDATA[Supri Hartini]]>;
<![CDATA[I Gede Andika Sukarya]]>;
<![CDATA[Widia Putri Pratiwi]]>;
<![CDATA[Endah Wahyutri]]>
<![CDATA[ Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): Accredited Sinta 2 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Universitas Islam Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v13i3.8339
<![CDATA[Hematological examination is essential for clinical diagnostics. The accuracy of hemoglobin measurements depends on the proper handling of pre-analytical samples. Storage of tripotassium ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (K3EDTA) blood samples for too long at room temperature can lead to erythrocyte changes that affect test results. This study aims to determine the effect of K3EDTA blood sample storage time at 1 hour, 6 hours, and 24 hours at room temperature on hemoglobin levels. This comparative analysis study was carried out at the Hematology Laboratory, Diploma III Medical Laboratory Technology Program, Health Polytechnic Ministry of Health of East Kalimantan, on November 4–5, 2024. The study used 42 venous blood samples collected in K3EDTA tubes from 25 men and 17 women aged 18–55 years. Hemoglobin levels were measured using the cyanmethemoglobin method at three time points: 1, 6, and 24 hours at room temperature (20–25°C). Statistical analysis used one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the post hoc Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test. The mean hemoglobin values at 1, 6, and 24 hours were 14.8, 15.2, and 14.9 g/dl (male) and 13.3, 14.3, and 13.3 g/dl (female), respectively. ANOVA showed significant differences (p=0.001). Post hoc analysis revealed substantial differences between 1-hour and 6-hour storage (p=0.001) and between 6-hour and 24-hour storage (p=0.003), but not between 1-hour and 24-hour storage (p=0.766). In conclusion, storage time has a significant effect on hemoglobin measurements, with critical changes occurring at 6 hours, providing evidence-based guidance for pre-analytical quality assurance.]]>
<![CDATA[Family-Based Interventions in Preventing Transmission of Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Cross-Sectional Study in Samarinda, Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Andi Lis G. Arming]]>;
<![CDATA[Joko Sapto Pramono]]>;
<![CDATA[Umi Kalsum]]>;
<![CDATA[Askur]]>
<![CDATA[ Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): Accredited Sinta 2 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Universitas Islam Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v13i3.8352
<![CDATA[Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health challenge in Indonesia, particularly in Samarinda, where transmission frequently occurs within family environments through close contact with infected individuals. Family-based interventions represent a critical component in enhancing preventive behaviors and reducing transmission risk, yet implementation of prevention efforts by family members of pulmonary TB patients remains suboptimal. This study aims to analyze the relationship between family roles and preventive behavior against pulmonary TB transmission in the working areas of the Karang Asam, Wonorejo, and Loa Bakung Health Centers in Samarinda. A cross-sectional research design with quantitative methodology was used. The sample consisted of 80 adult respondents, selected purposively from families of pulmonary TB patients living in the same household. Data collection was conducted between January and March 2025 using a structured questionnaire that measured the role of families and TB transmission prevention behaviors. Testing the instrument's validity and reliability is conducted before implementation. Statistical analysis uses the chi-square test to examine the relationship between variables. Statistical analysis revealed a significant relationship between family member roles and behavior aimed at preventing pulmonary TB transmission (p=0.001). Families demonstrating active preventive roles exhibited substantially higher implementation of prevention behaviors, including mask utilization, adequate household ventilation, and treatment adherence. The OR of 705.000 (95% CI=61.218–8,118.975) indicates families with good roles have a substantially greater likelihood of demonstrating effective TB prevention behaviors. In conclusion, family-based interventions are critical for preventing pulmonary TB transmission, with actively engaged families demonstrating superior implementation of preventive behaviors and reduced disease transmission risk within household environments.]]>
<![CDATA[Footwear as PPE: Its Impact on Tinea Pedis Prevalence in Agricultural Workers of Wuluhan ]]>
<![CDATA[Thalia Anisya Dewi]]>;
<![CDATA[Diana Mufida Chusna]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhamad Hasan]]>;
<![CDATA[Dini Agustina]]>;
<![CDATA[Enny Suswati]]>
<![CDATA[ Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): Accredited Sinta 2 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Universitas Islam Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v14i1.8449
<![CDATA[The prevalence of tinea pedis among farmers has been reported to differ across populations and geographic regions. Several factors have been reported in the literature to be associated with tinea pedis, including prolonged use of rubber boots, contact with contaminated soil, and animal husbandry practices. Indonesia, with its tropical climate, requires agricultural workers to use personal protective equipment (PPE), including footwear, for extended periods. However, prolonged use of rubber footwear may create a damp environment favorable to fungal growth in tinea pedis. This study aims to investigate the relationship between rubber footwear as PPE and the prevalence of tinea pedis among agricultural workers in Wuluhan District. This cross-sectional observational study involved 118 farmers in Wuluhan, conducted from March to November 2024, with data collected through interviews and skin scraping samples for laboratory analysis. The results show that 8.5% of the participants were diagnosed with tinea pedis, predominantly caused by Trichophyton rubrum (50%). A significant association between the use of rubber footwear and tinea pedis was found (p=0.042). Factors such as hygiene, lifestyle, and environmental conditions also influenced the infection. These findings underscore the need for better awareness and education on foot hygiene and proper use of PPE among agricultural workers to reduce the risk of fungal infections. Previous studies have reported health education interventions as a potential approach to improving preventive attitudes toward tinea pedis.]]>
<![CDATA[The MYH9 Gene and MYH9 rs12107 Gene Polymorphism are associated with MYH9 mRNA Underexpression in Non-syndromic Cleft Lip and Palate among Indonesian Deutero-Malay Subrace ]]>
<![CDATA[Saskia Lenggogeni Nasroen]]>;
<![CDATA[Jeffrey Jeffrey]]>;
<![CDATA[Dewi Lidya Ichwana Nasution]]>;
<![CDATA[Kayla Keishafa Siti Hallina]]>;
<![CDATA[Annisa Namira]]>;
<![CDATA[Unik Imiati Nurfadhillah]]>
<![CDATA[ Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): Accredited Sinta 2 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Universitas Islam Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v14i1.8575
<![CDATA[Genetic factors play a significant role in non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (NS-CLP) as a common congenital orofacial malformation. The myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) gene is one of the candidate genes associated with NS-CLP. This study aimed to investigate changes in MYH9 gene mRNA expression in the oral epithelium of NS-CLP, to analyze the MYH9 rs12107 polymorphism as a risk factor for NS-CLP, and to associate each genotype of this polymorphism with MYH9 gene mRNA expression in the Indonesian Deutero-Malay population. This study is a case-control design with 60 samples: 30 NS-CLP subjects and 30 control subjects. All subjects were from the Deutero-Malay subrace, which is the majority subrace in Indonesia. For mRNA expression analysis, RNA was isolated from the oral epithelium of all subjects, and real-time (RT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed. The mRNA expression changes were analyzed using the Livak method (2−ΔΔCt), and statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney test. For the MYH9 rs12107 gene polymorphism, DNA was isolated from venous blood, followed by PCR and Sanger sequencing. Chi-square test was used to analyze allele and genotype frequencies. In general, MYH9 mRNA expression was 0.39 times lower in the NS-CLP compared to the control (underexpression), with a significant difference (p=0.001). For the MYH9 rs12107 gene polymorphism, it was shown that the T mutant allele (OR=1.217, p=0.658) was more in NS-CLP than in control, the CT genotype (OR=0.545, p=0.273) was more in control than in NS-CLP, and the TT genotype (OR=1.529, p=0.426) was more in NS-CLP than in control. The mRNA expression values for the CT and TT genotypes of MYH9 rs12107 were 0.239 and 0.178 lower in NS-CLP than in control (underexpression). In conclusion, among the Indonesian Deutero-Malay subrace, the MYH9 gene was underexpressed in NS-CLP, and the MYH9 rs12107 polymorphism was associated with underexpression in the CT and TT genotypes.]]>
<![CDATA[Job Satisfaction Mediates the Effect of EMR Implementation on Midwifery Care Quality ]]>
<![CDATA[Ayu Hendrati Rahayu]]>;
<![CDATA[Lusi Marlina]]>;
<![CDATA[Rochmawati]]>
<![CDATA[ Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): Accredited Sinta 2 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Universitas Islam Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v13i3.8734
<![CDATA[Electronic medical record (EMR) implementation influences healthcare quality, but psychological mechanisms remain underexplored in midwifery contexts. This study examined EMR's effect on midwifery care quality with job satisfaction as a mediating variable. A cross-sectional study involved 450 midwives from healthcare facilities in DKI Jakarta, West Java, and Central Java from March to June 2025. Participants were selected through a multi-stage cluster sampling design with stratification by facility type. Data were collected using validated self-administered questionnaires measuring EMR implementation (30 items, α=0.952), job satisfaction (25 items, α=0.943), and care quality (35 items, α=0.923). All instruments demonstrated excellent psychometric properties with factor loadings ranging from 0.71 to 0.89 and average variance extracted values of 0.652 to 0.694. Structural equation modeling using SmartPLS 4.0 with bootstrapping (5,000 subsamples) and the Sobel test was used to analyze the direct and indirect relationships among variables. EMR implementation significantly affected care quality (β=0.689, t=12.352, p<0.001, R2=0.508) and job satisfaction (β=0.367, t=5.352, p<0.001, R2=0.135). Job satisfaction positively influenced care quality (β=0.060, t=2.757, p=0.028). Sobel test confirmed partial mediation (Z=2.450>1.96, p<0.05), indicating that job satisfaction mediates the relationship between EMR implementation and care quality. The total effect (c'=0.735) exceeded the direct effect (c=0.713), demonstrating that EMR influences care quality through both technological and psychological pathways. In conclusion, EMR implementation improves midwifery care quality through direct technological pathways and indirect psychological mechanisms, including job satisfaction, supporting holistic implementation strategies that consider human factors alongside technical aspects in maternal healthcare digitalization initiatives.]]>
<![CDATA[The Relationship between Hypercholesterolemia and Hyperuricemia, Elevated Body Mass Index, and Hypertension in Climacteric Women ]]>
<![CDATA[Ismawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Sara Puspita]]>;
<![CDATA[Regina Cintya Darajat]]>;
<![CDATA[Fitri Rahmawati]]>
<![CDATA[ Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): Accredited Sinta 2 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Universitas Islam Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v13i3.8768
<![CDATA[The climacteric phase marks the transition from perimenopause to postmenopause, which is triggered by ovarian aging and declining estrogenic levels. During this phase, women face an increased risk of metabolic disorders. This study aimed to investigate the relationships among total cholesterol and uric acid levels, body mass index (BMI), and blood pressure among climacteric women residing in the Tamansari Public Health Centre area, Bandung City. An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted using purposive sampling in the Tamansari Public Health Centre area, Bandung City, during October 2024. A total of 66 climacteric women aged over 42 years, without prior diagnoses of metabolic disorders and not receiving related treatments, were included. Data collection comprised anthropometric measurements, self-reported menstrual status, and capillary blood examinations of total cholesterol and uric acid levels using a standardized point-of-care testing (POCT) device. Hypercholesterolemia was defined as total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dl, hyperuricemia as serum uric acid ≥6 mg/dl, elevated BMI as ≥25 kg/m2, and hypertension as blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher’s exact test, with p<0.05 considered significant. The mean age of participants was 49.6±4.7 years. Mean total cholesterol was 215±44 mg/dl, serum uric acid 6.1±1.6 mg/dl, BMI 27.3±4.9 kg/m2, and systolic/diastolic blood pressure 128±16 / 81±10 mmHg. No significant associations were found between hypercholesterolemia and hyperuricemia (p=0.999), elevated BMI (p=0.159), or hypertension (p=0.275). This study concludes that hypercholesterolemia was not significantly associated with hyperuricemia, elevated BMI, or hypertension among climacteric women in the Tamansari Public Health Centre area of Bandung City.]]>
<![CDATA[The Efficacy of PEGylated Nanocarrier Extract of Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. sunti Valeton) and Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) Combination on Fasting Blood Glucose and HbA1c Levels in Diabetes Mellitus Model Rats ]]>
<![CDATA[Widayanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Eka Hendryanny]]>;
<![CDATA[Lelly Yuniarti]]>
<![CDATA[ Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): Accredited Sinta 2 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Universitas Islam Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v13i3.8778
<![CDATA[Diabetes mellitus is a major global public health problem due to its serious complications. In addition to standard pharmacological therapy, herbal-based interventions are increasingly explored as complementary approaches to improve glycemic control. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a PEGylated nanocarrier extract combining red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. sunti Valeton) and lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) on fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels in a diabetes mellitus rat model. An experimental randomized controlled study was conducted from May to August 2024 at the Pharmacy Laboratory of Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, and the Food and Nutrition Laboratory of Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. Experimental rats were randomly allocated into six groups: a healthy control group, a negative control group, a positive control group receiving glibenclamide (0.45 mg/kg body weight) and simvastatin (0.9 mg/kg body weight), and three treatment groups administered the PEGylated nanocarrier ginger lemongrass extract orally at doses of 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg body weight/day. Fasting blood glucose levels were measured using a GOD-PAP method, while HbA1c levels were assessed by immunoassay. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc testing. The results demonstrated that the treatment group receiving 80 mg/kg body weight/day showed the most significant reductions in fasting blood glucose (172.44±4.49 mg/dl) and HbA1c (3.79±0.15%). These reductions were statistically significant compared with the control groups (p<0.001). In conclusion, the PEGylated nanocarrier combination of red ginger and lemongrass significantly improved glycemic parameters in diabetic rats. This formulation may represent a potential complementary strategy for glycemic control, supporting further investigation in mechanistic and translational studies before clinical application.]]>
