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Michael Raharja Gani
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FACULTY OF PHARMACY UNIVERSITAS SANATA DHARMA Kampus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55282
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INDONESIA
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Community
Published by Universitas Sanata Dharma
ISSN : 16935683     EISSN : 25277146     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24071/jpsc
Core Subject :
Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas (Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Community) or J. Pharm. Sci. Community firstly published in 2003, is a peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in various pharmaceutical fields, including Pharmaceutical Technology and Pharmaceutics, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Biology, Community Pharmacy, and Clinical Pharmacy. J. Pharm. Sci. Community is managed and published in Yogyakarta, Indonesia by Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University Yogyakarta
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 21 Documents
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Anticancer Activity Studies of Self-nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SNEDDS) Hibiscus sabdariffa L. as Cisplatin Co-Chemotherapy in T47D Breast Cancer Cells Nurma Wahyuningtyas; Laela Hayu Nurani; Nuri Ari Efiana; Nurkhasanah Nurkhasanah; Fara Azzahra; Any Guntarti; Septiana Indratmoko; Citra Ariani Edityaningrum
Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas (Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Community) Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sanata Dharma University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/jpsc.v23i1.1079

Abstract

Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (HS) exhibits strong anticancer activity, which can potentially treat breast cancer. A delivery system, namely self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS), has been developed by our research group to carry the HS, indicating cytotoxicity against T47D breast cancer cells. To further evaluate the anticancer activity of HS SNEDDS, this study aimed to measure the anticancer activity of HS SNEDDS as a Cisplatin co-chemotherapy agent. The potential of HS SNEDDS as an anticancer agent was evaluated by measuring the anti-proliferation, combination index (CI), and immunocytochemistry of TNF-α gene expression. HS SNEDDS at a concentration of 241.990 µg/mL exhibited anti-proliferation properties against T47D cells with the highest doubling time, i.e., 9.4-fold compared to the control. The combination of HS SNEDDS and Cisplatin indicated a lowest CI of 0.17, showing the synergistic effect. Furthermore, combining HS SNEDDS and Cisplatin showed the highest TNF-α gene expression of 17,939 ± 7,323, indicating a better potency as a Cisplatin co-chemotherapy agent in T47D breast cancer cells compared to control and single administration. Based on these results, HS SNEDDS can be used as a co-chemotherapy agent for Cisplatin, which can increase the Cisplatin effect.
The Analysis of Health Professional’s Knowledge and Attitudes Related to The Implementation of Pharmacovigilance in Pharmaceutical Service Facilities Ema Nillafita Kusuma; Aas Sa’adah; Dian Farida Ismyama
Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas (Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Community) Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sanata Dharma University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/jpsc.v23i1.1080

Abstract

In May 2024, the Indonesia Food and Drug Authority received less than 10,000 reports of adverse events (AEs), or around 3,773 reports. A lack of understanding of the urgency of pharmacovigilance results in a small number of reports compared to the population. This potentially poses unidentified safety risks, reduces quality of life and increases the cost of therapy. This research aims to describe and provide information related to the knowledge and attitudes of healthcare professionals in responding to safety information or AEs, as well as explain the types of drugs and side effects seen by healthcare professionals. This is a non-experimental prospective study and uses a descriptive-analytic research design. The data was taken from August to October 2024, by using a structured questionnaire. The respondents of this study are healthcare professionals, who are 72% females and 28% male. Almost 54% have received and found AEs. The most frequently reported AEs were related to Antibiotics, Analgesics, Anticonvulsants, Anti-Tuberculosis, and Bronchodilators. Based on Pearson Correlation Analysis, there was a moderately significant relationship between knowledge and attitudes (p<0.05). It can be concluded that the number of AEs reported will be increased if there is an increase in healthcare professional knowledge continuously.    
Antibacterial Activity and Wound Healing of Excision Gel of Ethanol Extract of Sintrong (Crassochepallum crepidioides)(Benth.) S. Moore.) Leaves in Mice Infected Staphylococcus aureus Candrika Candrika; Aminah Dalimunthe; Hakim Bangun
Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas (Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Community) Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sanata Dharma University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/jpsc.v23i1.1081

Abstract

Crassochepallum crepidioides (Benth.) S. Moore.) is a plant demonstrated to be effective in wound treatment, empirically and experimentally. contain secondary metabolites, which contribute to the wound healing process. Further research is required to scientifically validate the antibacterial wound healing properties of sintrong leaf ethanol gel. This study aimed to empirically validate the antibacterial efficacy of a gel formulation derived from the ethanol extract of sintrong leaves. Excision wound healing assessments were conducted using the sintrong leaf ethanol extract gel on excision wounds infected Staphylococcus aureus. Phytochemical screening, the formulation of ethanol extract gel concentrations 10%, 20%, 30%, antibacterial activity testing of the ethanol extract gel. Excision wound healing activity with a depth 1 mm a width of 2 cm. The wound became infected treatment was administered for 15 days to monitor the decrease in wound diameter on days 0, 3, 5, 10, 15 indicated that the ethanol could be formulated and satisfied the preparation evaluation criteria. Ethanol extract gel has antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus. The study on excision wound healing indicated that an increased concentration of extract gel correlates with a greater percentage of healing. On day 10 the healing percentages of the 30% gel and Bioplacenton were similar at 80%. On day 15 the percentages of 30% gel and Bioplacenton were almost equal 30% gel being 98.50%. Bioplacenton being 99.50% and histopathological assay revealed elevated collagen, fibroblast, and angiogenesis levels corresponding to the increasing concentration of the preparation.
Cognitive Levels, Perceptions, and Attitudes of Pharmacists at Pharmacies toward Herbal Medicine Diah Ari Purwaningsih; Yosef Wijoyo; Nunung Priyatni Waluyatiningsih
Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas (Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Community) Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sanata Dharma University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/jpsc.v23i1.1082

Abstract

Over the past decade, more than 50% of advanced countries and 80% of developing countries have used herbal medicines for primary care. Pharmacists provide strategic herbal medicine information, but their cognition, perceptions, and attitudes determine their effectiveness. This meta-analysis of studies from multiple countries examines pharmacists' cognition, perceptions, and attitudes toward herbal medicines. A qualitative meta-analysis was performed on seven cross-sectional studies from Indonesia, Malaysia, Spain, Saudi Arabia, and the US published between 2014 and 2024. Overall, 1,255 community pharmacists responded. Pharmacy cognition varied, with clinical effectiveness scoring highest (3.9/5) and mechanism of action scoring lowest (2.8/5). Only 36% of pharmacists routinely provided counseling, but 72% and 68% of pharmacists viewed herbal medicines as safe and effective. Service practices were influenced by cognitive level (r=0.68, p<0.05), practical experience (β=0.45), and continuing education training availability (OR=2.3, 95% CI: 1.8–2.9). This study shows that pharmacists need better education, ongoing training, side effect tracking systems, and collaboration with other professionals and the right policies to improve their skills. This will improve herbal medicine pharmaceutical services.
Beyond Use Date of Rifampicin Pulverized and Its Influencing Factors Zaldy Rusli; Septia Andini; Nisa Najwa Rokhmah; Idul Suci Fitriana; Mutiara Apriliana Suvitri
Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas (Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Community) Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sanata Dharma University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/jpsc.v23i1.1083

Abstract

Inaccurate drug dosage during Tuberculosis (TB) therapy is one of the factors causing TB resistance, especially for drugs that undergo a compounding process, which are often prescribed for children. Inappropriate storage of drugs during therapy can cause a reduction in drug content, which results in changes in drug dosage, therefore drugs should be used within a certain time limit or what is known as the Beyond Use Date (BUD). This study aims to determine the BUD in rifampicin powder preparations from a hospital in the Bogor district. Rifampicin powder preparations are packaged in 3 types of packaging (paper silk, parchment and capsules). Storage wascarried out at 2 temperatures, namely room temperature 25-28 °C and warm temperature 30-35 °C. Rifampicin levels were analyzed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that the BUD of paper silk, parchment and capsule packaging at room temperature were 8, 11, and 14 days respectively, while storage at warm temperatures was 11, 10, and 12 days. This study stated that rifampicin powder preparations should be used for 7-13 days. Factors that affect BUD are the moisture content of the preparation, the container (type of packaging) and the storage conditions (temperature).    
Formulation and Physical Evaluation of Antihypertensive Sustained-Release Tablet From Matoa Leaf Ethanolic Extract (Pometia pinnata J.R & G.Forst) Arifuddin Yunus; Siti Qurrataayun; Lutfiah Lutfiah
Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas (Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Community) Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sanata Dharma University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/jpsc.v23i1.1084

Abstract

Matoa leaf extract (Pometia pinnata J.R & G.Forst), known for its antihypertensive compound quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside, was developed into sustained-release tablets to improve its bioavailability. This study used the direct compression method with xanthan gum as the polymer matrix. The resulting tablets were then rigorously evaluated. A series of physical tests were conducted, including organoleptic assessment, uniformity of weight and size, hardness, friability, and moisture content. The biopharmaceutical properties were analyzed through in-vitro disintegration and dissolution tests using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The findings demonstrated that formulation F3 was the most optimal. It successfully passed all physical stability standards, confirming its excellent mechanical properties. In the dissolution test, F3 achieved the highest absorbance value of 0.29, indicating a consistent and controlled release of the active ingredient. This optimal release was sustained over 6 to 10 hours, with an active substance content of 12%. Therefore, the F3 formulation is confirmed as a successful and effective sustained-release tablet, offering a promising approach for drug delivery.
Evaluation of Antibiotic Use in Paediatric Inpatients Diagnosed with Urinary Tract Infection at a Private Hospital in Yogyakarta Christina Ika Sindudisastra; Titien Siwi Hartayu
Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas (Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Community) Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sanata Dharma University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/jpsc.v23i1.1085

Abstract

The prevalence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) among Indonesian children remains high, with antibiotics as the primary therapy. This study evaluated the patterns and appropriateness of antibiotic use in pediatric inpatients with UTIs at a private hospital in Yogyakarta in 2023, based on the hospital’s Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG) using a descriptive-analytic research with mix-methods study design including both quantitative and qualitative data collection. Data collection involved retrospective medical record review of 55 patients, prospective observation of therapeutic management, and in-depth interviews with prescribers and hospital administrators. Medical record review showed that 98% of patients received antibiotics, with 100% appropriateness in indication and patient, 63.54% in antibiotic selection, and 21.82% in dosing. Common antibiotics included injectable ceftriaxone (40.54%), cefotaxime (18.82%), and gentamicin (16.22%). Observations indicated general adherence to CPGs, while interviews revealed prescribing decisions were influenced by patient condition, clinical progress, guidelines, and prescriber experience. Hospital management expressed support for rational antibiotic use through funding and infrastructure provision. Despite generally appropriate prescribing practices, gaps remain in antibiotic selection and dosing. Suggested strategies include combined educational interventions for prescribers and managerial measures to strengthen and implement CPGs, aiming to optimize antibiotic use and reduce the risk of resistance.  
Optimization and Validation of Caffeine in Robusta Coffee (Coffea canephora), Black Tea (Camellia sinensis), and Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Using RP-HPLC Liquid-liquid Extraction Lindawati Setyaningrum; Aliyah Purwanti; Dina Trianggaluh Fauziah; Retno Eka Lestari; Dyah Purwaningtyas; Sindi Anggraiyani; Muhammad Yuwono
Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas (Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Community) Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sanata Dharma University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/jpsc.v23i1.1086

Abstract

Caffeine, an alkaloid compound naturally found in various consumer products, has become the focus of increasing research in the analysis of products such as black tea, cocoa, and coffee. The chemicals found in coffee, cocoa, and black tea have pharmacological actions including antiviral, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective effects against hepatitis B. The chemical components include caffeine, theobromine, theophylline, tannins, adenine, vitamins (including vitamin C), flavonoids, methylxanthine, naringenin, and polyphenols. The resultant viscous extract was mixed with 25 milliliters of chloroform and 1.5 grams of CaCO3 in a separatory funnel and stirred. Three times, chloroform solution was added. The HPLC analytical method requires a wavelength of 272 nm, a methanol: redistilled water (70:30) mobile phase, and a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min to be validated. Results show resolutions of 1.49 and 1.57 for selectivity values, linearity of r = 0.9994, LOD 8.511 ppm and LOQ 28.370 ppm, accuracy of 99–101% for average recovery value, and precision of %The RSD level is 0.0095%. The results of the caffeine content determination test showed that the ethanol extract of robusta coffee beans obtained from the caffeine content ± SD obtained was 9.682 ± 1.254, black tea 34.525 ± 0.064, and cacao 6.890 ± 0.488.
Evaluation of the Analgesic Activity of Earthworm Gel  (Lumbricus rubellus) in Male Mice with Formalin-Induced Pain Model Yovita Mercya; Ayu Amisa Fajrianti
Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas (Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Community) Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sanata Dharma University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/jpsc.v23i1.1087

Abstract

Inflammatory pain is one of the body’s defense mechanisms, characterized by redness, swelling, and pain due to the release of inflammatory mediators. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as diclofenac sodium, are commonly used topically to relieve pain but may cause local side effects with long-term use. Therefore, a safer, natural-based alternative is needed. Earthworms (Lumbricus rubellus) are known to contain polyphenols and lumbrokinase, which have anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of earthworm gel as a topical analgesic in male mice (Mus musculus) induced with formalin. A total of 24 mice were divided into four groups: untreated, gel base, diclofenac sodium gel, and 5% earthworm gel. Pain response was assessed by measuring the duration of licking behavior at two key phases: acute pain (0–5 minutes) and late inflammatory pain (25–30 minutes). Statistical analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests showed that earthworm gel significantly reduced licking duration in the inflammatory phase, with effectiveness comparable to diclofenac sodium gel. These findings support the potential of earthworm gel as a safe and effective natural alternative for managing inflammatory pain topically.
Assessment of the Quality of Life of Family Caregivers of Hemodialysis Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in Yogyakarta Pinasti Utami; Binar Sukma Cahyarni; Miranda Miranda; Bangunawati Rahajeng; Triana Arum Kusumaningtyas
Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas (Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Community) Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sanata Dharma University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/jpsc.v23i1.1088

Abstract

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a leading cause of mortality[A1.1][A1.2] in worldwide. In Indonesia, 713,783 cases were [A2.1][A2.2]reported, with 2,850 patients requiring hemodialysis, significantly impacting patients and requiring long-term care from family caregivers.[A3.1][A3.2] Despite the crucial role of family caregivers in supporting treatment adherence and patient well-being, studies examining caregivers’ quality of life in Indonesia, particularly in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, remain limited. This study assessed caregivers’ quality of life and its association with demographic factors in four hospitals, including three private and one public hospital located in Sleman, Yogyakarta City, and Bantul Regency. A cross-sectional multicenter study was conducted in four hospitals, involving 292 family caregivers. Data were collected using demographic questionnaires and WHOQOL-BREF, and analyzed with descriptive statistics and correlation tests. Most caregivers were 46–65 years old, female, had high school education, were not working, and were spouses of patients. Care duration ranged 13–36 months, with daily care exceeding 12 hours; patients underwent hemodialysis twice weekly. Quality of life was generally good in psychological and environmental domains, while physical and social domains ranged from moderate to good. [A4.1][A4.2]Significant correlations with caregivers’ quality of life were found in specific hospitals, including caregiver–family closeness (r = 0.294; p = 0.014), employment status (r = −0.256; p = 0.032), education level (r = 0.269; p = 0.021), and caregiving duration (r = −0.253; p = 0.025). These findings indicate that caregiver quality of life is influenced by both demographic and relational factors, highlighting the need for targeted support to maintain caregiver well-being and sustain patient care.

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