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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 74 Documents
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Search results for , issue "vol. 24 no. 2 (2023)" : 74 Documents clear
Short Communication: Tabanid and muscoid hematophagous flies as potential vectors of Surra Disease in Yogyakarta, Indonesia Nila Qudsiyati; Raden Wisnu Nurcahyo; Dwi Priyowidodo; Soedarmanto Indarjulianto
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240201

Abstract

Abstract. Qudsiyati N, Nurcahyo RW, Priyowidodo D, Indarjulianto S. 2023. Short Communication: Tabanid and muscoid hematophagous flies as potentialvectors of Surra Disease in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 655-660. As a tropical country, Indonesia provides disease vectors and various kinds of parasitic diseases, such as surra disease caused by Trypanosoma evansi, which is transmitted by blood-sucking insects (flies), with a suitable environment. The disease is responsible for economic losses due to the decrease in beef production, and it can also be a potential zoonosis threatening human health. Disease prevention with vaccines is still unavailable. Therefore, treatment and prevention are carried out to eradicate flies with insecticides that can be hazardous to both humans and the environment. The present study aims at identifying the species and the phenology of potential surra fly vectors based on habitat differences. It was conducted from April to June 2022 in the Andini Mulyo farmer group, lowland Bantul and Maju Jaya farmer group, highland Kulon Progo, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY). The flies were caught using the NZi trap placed randomly or adjacent to Trypanosoma-positive cattle pens. The results showed that there were eight species of flies found in the Maju Jaya group, namely Tabanus megalops, T. rubidus, Tabanus sp., Stomoxys indica, S. calcitrans, S. sitiens, Haematobia irritans, and Musca domestica. Of them, except Tabanus megalops and Tabanus sp. were also recorded in Andini Mulyo group. The dominant vegetation found in Andini Mulyo and Tani Maju, respectively, are rice plants and wild plants, so the abundance of flies and the species richness of flies had a positive correlation with the Tani Maju group’s vegetation. The potential flies as surra disease vectors in the area found in surra disease cases were biting flies such as T. megalops, T. rubidus, Tabanus sp., S. indica, S. calcitrans, S. sitiens, Haematobia irritans. In addition, the hematogenous flies in Bantul and Kulon Progo could potentially cause the wider spread of surra disease and the decrease cow weight.
Moss from Sumbawa District, Indonesia FLORENTINA INDAH WINDADRI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240202

Abstract

Abstract. Windadri FI. 2023. Moss from Sumbawa District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 661-669. Plant diversity in the Lesser Sunda Islands has been widely studied, but it still needs to be carried out on Sumbawa Island. The study aimed to determine the diversity of moss species from the island, especially in the Sumbawa District. The exploration method was used in this research activity, that is conducting exploration, taking research samples and observing habitats at the research site. The distribution tracking was conducted to determine the status of each moss species from the research site. The results recorded 41 species of mosses from the research site in 24 genera and 14 families. Fissidentaceae is one of the moss families, had the highest species diversity in the study site, and was previously never reported from Sumbawa Island. In contrast, the common species was Tortula muralis. The study of moss species from the study site revealed that four species had been found in previous moss collections, namely Anoectangium aestivum, Neckeropsis lepineana, Pinnatella alopecuroides, and Octoblepharum albidum. Several mosses from the study site contributed to the moss diversity of Sumbawa Island as new records. The number of moss from the study site and as new records status is 37 species for Sumbawa Island, 18 species for Lesser Sunda Islands, and six species for Indonesia, respectively.
Recorded and predicted butterflies in the Padang Bindu Karst, South Sumatra, Indonesia Agmal Qodri; Encilia Encilia; Yulizah Yulizah; Deden Girmansyah; Sunardi Sunardi; Wahyudi Santoso; Megawati Megawati; Rina Rachmatiyah; Fatimah Fatimah; Darmawan Darmawan; Sarino Sarino; Djunijanti Peggie
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240247

Abstract

Abstract. Qodri A, Encilia, Yulizah, Girmansyah D, Sunardi, Santoso W, Megawati, Rachmatiyah R, Fatimah, Darmawan, Sarino, Peggie D. 2023. Recorded and predicted butterflies in the Padang Bindu Karst, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1057-1082. Padang Bindu Karst is one of the national cultural heritages in South Sumatra that has not been explored further for its faunal diversity, including the butterflies. Therefore, a preliminary survey of butterfly diversity of karst fauna outside the cave was carried out in the area for eight days. The aim was to analyze the butterfly diversity at an initial step, especially in the four main cave areas in the area, namely Harimau Cave, Silabe Cave, Putri Cave, and Candi Cave. Vegetation data based on their utility as host plants and/or nectar plants were also recorded to predict the number of butterfly species available in the area. There were 59 species of 157 individuals recorded, Eurema alithabeing the most abundant and followed by Junonia hedonia. From this preliminary survey, butterflies in the Padang Bindu Karst accounted for 35.75% of the total butterflies predicted to be there and 20.2% of the total butterflies recorded in South Sumatra. At least 12 species have not been recorded in South Sumatra, one of which is a rare species, namely Mahathala ariadeva, found in the secondary forest. Predicting the occurrence of butterflies based on the approach of host plants and nectar plants, as well as abiotic factors, is a butterfly conservation strategy that needs to be supported by long-term observations.
Visualization of paddy in Panel 65 of the Karmawibhangga section of Borobudur Temple ARYO ANGGOROJATI; RAHMANU WIDAYAT; SETYO BUDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240239

Abstract

Abstract. Anggorojati A, Widayat R, Budi S. 2023. Visualization of paddy in Panel 65 of the Karmawibhangga Section of Borobudur Temple. Biodiversitas 24: 990-1003. Borobudur Temple is a building whose reliefs depict the Buddhist scriptures in the form of pictures, reliefs, and statues. Each relief contains a certain message and interpretation that not all visitors can understand the storyline when they observe, especially only at a glance. The Karmawibhangga relief is found at the Borobudur Temple's lowest section. The lowest relief represents the hustle and bustle of worldly life, consisting of 160 panels, all of which have different images from one panel to another. Based on the existing literature results, an iconographic approach, reliefs in the form of paddy, is used to analyze the interpretation of the Karmawibhangga relief 65 on paddy to make it easier for people who desire to acquire information about it to symbolize prosperity. Paddy is depicted with plump grains, ready to harvest and being guarded by several people from rats. This study can be used as a reference in the future regarding the visualization description of paddy in the Karmawibhangga relief for future researchers.
Comparative study on Pb absorption ability of five shade plant species in industrial estate and urban forests of Bekasi, Indonesia DAYANA ZULFADILLAH INTAN; RATNA YUNIATI; RETNO LESTARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240271

Abstract

Abstract. Intan DZ, Yuniati R, Lestari R. 2023. Comparative study on Pb absorption ability of five shade plant species in industrial estate and urban forests of Bekasi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1289-1294. The expansion of the transportation and industrial sectors is detrimental to the environment. Lead is one of the most typical contaminants they produce (Pb). As biological agents, shade plants lower the air's Pb contamination. This study observed leaf Pb absorption from five species of shade plants such as Terminalia catappa L. (Sea almond tree); Swietenia macrophylla King. (mahogany); Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr. (raintree); Mangifera indica L. (mango); and Nephelium lappaceum L. (rambutan). This research was conducted at two different sites: Patriot urban forest (Bekasi City) and MM2100 Industrial Estate (West Cikarang Subdistrict, Bekasi District) of West Java Province, Indonesia. The objectives of this study were to analyze the ability of five plant species to absorb Pb and the correlation between Pb absorption with peroxidase enzyme activity and chlorophyll content. The Pb absorption was analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS), while the peroxidase enzyme activity and chlorophyll content were analyzed using a spectrophotometer. The results showed that Pb absorption by plant species in research sites was not significantly different (sig.>0.05), meaning that different shade plant species and research sites did not significantly affect Pb absorption. Sea almond tree had the highest average Pb absorption (7.24 µg/g), followed by mahogany (5.44 µg/g), mango (3.4 µg/g), raintree  (3.17 µg/g) and rambutan (2.33 µg/g). The correlation and regression analysis showed that Pb absorption had no significant effect on chlorophyll content (0.173>0.05), and the direction of its correlation was negative (-0.317). It means that the chlorophyll content does not affect lead uptake. The correlation and regression analysis showed that Pb absorption significantly affected peroxidase enzyme activity (0.028<0.05), and the direction of its correlation was positive (0.490). It means that Pb absorption did not significantly affect chlorophyll content but significantly affected peroxidase enzyme activity.
Characteristics of Maleo bird spawning nests (Macrocephalon maleo) in Lake Towuti, South Sulawesi, Indonesia Hadijah Azis Karim; Nardy Noerman Najib; Srida Mitra Ayu; Fidel Fidel
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240203

Abstract

Abstract. Karim HA, Najib NN, Ayu SM, Fidel. 2023. Characteristics of Maleo bird spawning nests (Macrocephalon maleo) in Lake Towuti, South Sulawesi.Biodiversitas 24: 670-676. Maleo birds (Macrocephalon maleo) have a habitat in the forest near the beach or in the middle of the forest near the hot springs. However, in Pekaloa Village, East Luwu District, Maleo birds are found in Lake Towuti, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. This, of course, shows that the habitat of Maleo birds on the shore of the lake is new information, especially on the island of Sulawesi. This research was conducted in Pekaloa Village, Towuti Sub-district, East Luwu District, South Sulawesi. This study was conducted to collect data on the characteristics of Maleo Senkawor (Macrocephalon maleo) nests. Secondary data collection began from scientific journals and works, as well as discussions with the surrounding community and the TWA manager of Lake Towuti, while primary data was obtained from measurements and direct observation in the field, as well as laboratory analysis. In this study, five nest plots with 13 nest holes were used, and the vegetation analysis used example plots measuring 175 m2. The characteristics of the nest pit have an average depth of 0.6 m, a surface diameter of 0.41 m, a temperature of 33.6oC, and a pH of 6.2. Vegetation analysis found eight species around the Maleo Senkawor bird's nest. Vegetation analysis used the density formula: highest frequency density 19.5 and highest frequency 0.57, lowest density 0.02 and lowest frequency 0.14. This study forms the basis of new information in the conservation of Maleo birds with the characteristics of the habitat conditions for nesting Maleo birds, especially in the coastal area of the lake.
Habitat suitability model for Banteng (Bos javanicus) in Meru Betiri National Park, Indonesia Arif Mohammad Siddiq; ‪Wachju Subchan; Haikal Idris Maulahila; Nur Kholiq
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240272

Abstract

Abstract. Siddiq AM, Kholiq N, Subchan W, Maulahila HI. 2023. Habitat suitability model for banteng (Bos javanicus) in Meru Betiri National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1296-1302. In Indonesia, the population of banteng (Bos javanicus) has drastically dropped. The last line of defense against the continued existence of this species is provided by conservation areas like Meru Betiri National Park (MBNP). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the banteng's habitat suitability in the MBNP region. The occurrence statistics from 2019 to 2020 collected by MBNP were sent to us. Three categories, i.e., direct encounter, footprint and dung encounter, and camera trap encounter are used to categorize the occurrence data. Eight environmental factors that we thought would affect the appropriateness of habitats and the distribution of banteng were incorporated into our modeling (land cover, altitude, slope, annual temperature range, annual precipitation amount, distance to the river and coastline, and distance to the nearest settlement). Utilizing MaxEnt v.3.4.4, the Habitat Suitability Model (HSM) was produced. In general, four environmental factors have a substantial impact, including; altitude, annual temperature range, distance from the nearest settlement, and the coastline distance to the settlement, distance to the coastline, altitude, and annual temperature range were the most significant variables according to permutation importance (PI) (35.1%, 22.2%, 11.8%, and 11.6%, respectively). According to our final HSM, the MBNP includes 33,891 Ha (65%) of inappropriate habitat and 17,985 Ha (35%) of habitat suitable for banteng. Finally, implementing habitat and population management for banteng in MBNP can use these results as guidance.
Short communication: Macrofungi assemblage in Rawa Bento Forest, Kerinci Seblat National Park, Indonesia IRDA SAYUTI; ZULFARINA ZULFARINA; ZATRI RAHAYU
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240264

Abstract

Abstract. Sayuti I, Zulfarina, Rahayu Z. 2023. Short communication: Macrofungi assemblage in Rawa Bento Forest, Kerinci Seblat National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1224-1230. This study deals with macrofungi in the peat swamp forest of Rawa Bento, Kerinci Seblat National Park, Indonesia and their utilization. The forest region is dominated by banto grass or swamp rice grass (Leersia hexandra) with high humidity and rainfall which favors macrofungi growth and fruiting body formation. Furthermore, the sampling sites were chosen based on the accessibility of the area and the conditions for occurrence of macrofungi. About 36 macrofungi species were documented from 29 genera and 20 families, where 33 species belonged to Basidiomycota and only 2 species were Ascomycota. The dominant fungal group in the forest region was the Polypores and wood-inhabiting macrofungi. Eleven species were recognized as edible including Auricularia auricula-judae, Cantharellus subalbidus, Cookeina tricholoma, Dacryopinax spathularia, Galiella rufa, Ganoderma lucidum, Pleurotus cornucopiae, Pluteus fenzlii, Lentinus arcularius, Psilocybe cubensis, and Schizophyllum commune. Based on the scientific evidence, the majority of macrofungal species have medicinal properties except Pluteus fenzlii. The result provided preliminary information regarding use of macrofungi by the surrounding population, as well as knowledge development for researchers in the food and medical fields.
Amylase enzyme production with variation of carbon sources and molecular identification of thermophilic fungus Aspergillus sp. LBKURCC304 from Bukik Gadang, West Sumatra, Indonesia SARYONO SARYONO; SILVERA DEVI; TITANIA T. NUGROHO; WIDYLIA FITRI FADHILA; LORENA LORENITA; FIDA SELFIANA NASUTION; NABELLA SURAYA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240261

Abstract

Abstract. Saryono, Devi S, Nugroho TT, Fadhila WF, Lorenita L, Nasution FS, Suraya N. 2023. Amylase enzyme production with variation of carbon sources and molecular identification of thermophilic fungus Aspergillus sp. LBKURCC304 from Bukik Gadang, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1200-1205. Amylase is an enzyme used to hydrolyze starch into smaller molecules. Starch degradation is very difficult because of the presence of 1-4 glucoside bonds from complex polysaccharides and the presence of enzyme accommodation centers, so the production of amylase is in great demand by industry. The production of amylase is strongly influenced by carbohydrates which act as inducers to stimulate the production of enzymes. This research was conducted to determine the effect of different carbohydrate sources on the production of amylase enzyme from thermophilic fungus Aspergillussp. LBKURCC304. Different carbon sources used werecassava, corn, taro, purple sweet potato, potato, breadfruit, canna, gembili, gadung, and sago. The effect of different carbohydrate sources on enzyme production was statistically tested using Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMNRT) at a significant level of 5% and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results of molecular identification showed that carbohydrates from sago were a relatively better carbon source than other carbon sources, with an activity of 0.0391±0.0017 U/mL, anda specific activity of 0.0874±0.0049 U/mg. The highest (0.7651±0.0096 mg/mL) protein content wasrecorded from canna. Molecular identification showed that LBKURCC304 isolate was Aspergillus fumigatus.
Phylogeny and taxonomic status evaluation of Dark-sided Narrow-mouthed Frog, Microhyla heymonsi, (Anura: Microhylidae) from Sumatra, Indonesia Rury Eprilurahman; Vestidhia Atmaja; Misbahul Munir; Rosichon Ubaidillah; Tuty Arisuryanti; Eric Nelson Smith; Amir Hamidy
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240249

Abstract

Abstract. Eprilurahman R, Atmaja VY, Munir M, Ubaidillah R, Arisuryanti T, Smith EN, Hamidy A. 2023. Phylogeny and taxonomic status evaluation of Dark-sided Narrow-mouthed Frog, Microhyla heymonsi, (Anura: Microhylidae) from Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1092-1103. Microhyla heymonsi (Dark-sided narrow-mouthed frog) was once known to be widespread along the continent of Asia from Taiwan to the mainland of east and southeast to Nicobar Islands and Sumatra. Recent studies identified that this species is cryptic species consisting of M. heymonsi itself and several newly described species, i.e., M. daklakensis, M. heymonsi, M. nakkavaram, M. ninhthuanensis, and the possibility of unnamed lineage. In Sumatra, M. heymonsi is not only distributed from the north to south of the mainland but also in the adjacent islands in Nias. Regarding the taxonomic status of Sumatran population, here we used molecular and morphological data to evaluate the taxonomic status of the Sumatran M. heymonsi. The phylogenetic analyses show that the Sumatran M. heymonsi is closest to M. nakkavaram and strongly supported as a member of subgroup M. heymonsi along with other recognized species, i.e., M. daklakensis, M. heymonsi, M. nakkavaram, and M. ninhthuanensis. The morphological assessment of Sumatran M. heymonsi shows that they are suitable with the morphological characteristic of M. nakkavaram. Both molecular and morphological data strongly support that Sumatran M. heymonsi is identical to the M. nakkavaram from Nicobar Islands. Our results expanded the distribution of M. nakkavaram, not only in Nicobar Islands but also in Sumatra and its adjacent islands. In addition, the phylogenetic tree showed the supported clade of Nicobar and Sumatran M. nakkavaram as sister taxa of the possibly undescribed species from Singapore and Peninsular Malaysia. Further study of this undescribed species is urgent.

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