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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,259 Documents
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The amount and quality of dead trees in a mixed beech forest with different management histories in northern Iran KIOMARS SEFIDI; VAHID ETEMAD
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 15 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d150207

Abstract

Sefidi K, Etemad V. 2014. The amount and quality of dead trees in a mixed beech forest with different management histories in northern Iran. Biodiversitas 15: 162-168. Dead tree (fallen logs and snags), is regarded as an important ecological component of forests on whichmany forest dwelling species depend, yet its relation to management history in Caspian forest has gone unreported. The aim of researchaim was to compare the amounts of dead tree in the forests with historically different intensities of management, including: forests withthe long term implication of management (Patom), the short term implication of management (Namekhaneh) which were compared withsemi virgin forest (Gorazbon). The number of 215 individual dead trees were recorded and measured at 79 sampling locations. ANOVArevealed volume of dead tree in the form and decay classes significantly differ within sites and dead volume in the semi virgin forestsignificantly higher than managed sites. Comparing the amount of dead tree in three sites showed that, dead tree volume related withmanagement history and significantly differ in three study sites. Reaching their highest in virgin site and their lowest in the site with thelong term implication of management, it was concluded that forest management cause reduction of the amount of dead tree. Forestmanagement history affect the forest's ability to generate dead tree specially in a large size, thus managing this forest according toecological sustainable principles require a commitment to maintaining stand structure that allow, continued generation of dead tree in afull range of size.
Inventory of trees in tropical dry deciduous forests of Tiruvannamalai district, Tamil Nadu, India DURAI SANJAY GANDHI; SOMAIAH SUNDARAPANDIAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 15 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d150208

Abstract

Sanjay-Gandhi D, Sundarapandian S. 2014. Inventory of trees in tropical dry deciduous forests of Tiruvannamalai district, Tamil Nadu, India. Biodiversitas 15: 169-179. Diversity and distribution patterns of tree species were inventoried in 20 one hectare plots in SathanurReserve Forest of Tiruvannamalai district, Tamil Nadu, India. These plots were grouped into three sites based on their location in thereserve forest and the level of disturbance. Site I (8 plots) near to the road and agricultural lands, Site II (8 plots) away from the road andhuman settlements and site III (4 plots) along the canal-side where the terrain contain rocks here and there. A total of 60 speciesbelonging to 48 genera and 29 families were enumerated including 13,412 stems (≥3.2cm DBH size class). The species richness in thestand (plot) varied from 7 ha-1 to 28 ha-1 and the stand density varied from 336 ha-1 to 1075 ha-1. Albizia amara (7999) was the dominantspecies in terms of density, basal area and IVI in all the study plots except plot no.16, where Chloroxylon swietenia was dominantindicates a mono-species dominated forest ecosystem. The mean values of Shannon and dominance indices were 1.406 and 0.411respectively. Diameter class-wise distribution showed L-shaped curve, a sign of good regeneration status. Cattle grazing and illegal fuelwood collection have been observed to pose huge pressure to the integrity of this tropical dry forest, still it have substantial tree speciesdiversity similar to many other dry forests in India and elsewhere.
Short-term abandonment of human disturbances in Zagros Oak forest ecosystems: Effects on secondary succession of soil seed bank and aboveground vegetation MEHDI HEYDARI; DAVID POTHIER; MARZBAN FARAMARZI; JAVAD MERZAEI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 15 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d150206

Abstract

Heydari M, Pothier D, Faramarzi M, Merzaei J. 2014. Short-term abandonment of human disturbances in Zagros Oak forest ecosystems: Effects on secondary succession of soil seed bank and aboveground vegetation. Biodiversitas 15:147-161. Zagros Oak forests in the west of Iran have been degraded by anthropogenic activities during many years and to fight against this degradation,several management strategies have been implemented. The principal objectives this study were to identify the characteristics of the soil seed bank and the aboveground vegetation that were affected by degradation and short-term abandonment of human disturbances andevaluate the potential of the soil seed bank to restore the degraded types after short-term conservation management. For that, wecompared three types of Zagros forest ecosystem with different management regimes: (i) Long term disturbed type as LDT (also usedand disturbed at the present), (ii) Short-term abandonment of human disturbances as SAD (5 years without human disturbances) and anundisturbed control or C (iii). We selected three replicates or stands per type. In the aboveground vegetation (ABV), 115, 72 and 51species were recorded in C, SAD and LDT types, respectively, whereas in the soil seed bank (SSB) flora, 33, 19 and 12 plant taxa wereobserved in C, SAD and LDT types, respectively. The percentage of annuals increased in ABV and decreased in SSB with increasingsite degradation with human activities such as animal husbandry in the forest edges. The percentage of perennial and biennial herbsdecreased in ABV and increased in SSB with increasing site degradation. The Shannon index of the SSB decreased with increasing sitedegradation. The average seed density in the SAD type was significantly larger than that of the LDT type. DCA analysis showed that theseed bank flora of SAD and LDT types were relatively similar and differed from that of the C type. This indicates that a full recovery ofdegraded type in the oak forest ecosystem in the Zagros region cannot be based only on the soil seed bank present at the beginning of theprotection period while a more complete recovery may require a longer period of protection.
Morphometric variations of three species of harvested cephalopods found in northern sea of Aceh Province, Indonesia ZAINAL ABIDIN MUCHLISIN; BATMI ZULKARNAINI; SYAHRUL PURNAWAN; ACHMAD MUHADJIER; NUR FADLI; SAMANTHA H. CHENG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 15 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d150205

Abstract

Muchlisin ZA, Zulkarnaini B, Purnawan S, Muhadjier A, Fadli N, Cheng SH. 2014. Morphometric variations of three species of harvested cephalopods found in northern sea of Aceh Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 15: 142-146. The purpose of the present studywas to evaluate the morphometrics of three harvested cephalopods, Sepioteuthis lessoniana, Sepia officinalis and Uroteuthis sp. found innorthern sea of Aceh Province, Indonesia. Sampling was conducted for six months from July to December 2012 in one week interval. Atotal of 318 cephalopods; 139 Sepioteuthis lessoniana, 139 Uroteuthis sp. and 40 Sepia officinalis were analyzed for morphometricstudy and 13 anatomical characters were measured to the nearest 0.01 mm using a digital caliper. Morphometric measurements weresignificantly different between the different species of cephalopods (ANOVA, p<0.05). S. officinalis differed in six morphologicalcharacters (head length, head width, tentacles length, gladius width, rancis width and length) from the squid species. Fin width andlength were significantly greater in S. lessoniana than in S. officinalis and Uroteuthis sp. On the other hand, Uroteuthis sp. hadsignificantly greater mantle lengths, standard lengths and gladius lengths than the other two cephalopod species (Duncan Test, p<0.05).However, fin width was similar between S. lessoniana and Uroteuthis sp., while eye diameter was similar between S. officinalis andUroteuthis sp. A Discriminant Function Analysis scatter plot successfully discriminated the three species indicating significantdifferences in morphological variation. This analysis also indicates that morphometrically, S. lessoniana and S. officinalis are moresimilar to each other despite being in different orders.
Composition, abundance and diversity of the Family Cichlidae in Oyan Dam, Ogun State, Nigeria OLANIYI ALABA OLOPADE; OLUSEUN PETER RUFAI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 15 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d150211

Abstract

Olopade OA, Rufai OP. 2014. Composition, abundance and diversity of the Family Cichlidae in Oyan Dam, Ogun State, Nigeria. Biodiversitas 15: 195-199.This study was conducted to determine status of the family Cichlidae in Oyan Dam, Nigeria, during the wetand dry seasons of 2011. Samples were collected using multi-mesh gillnets ranging between 30 mm to 80 mm. Simpson's DiversityIndex was used to determine the species richness, while dominance and evenness were given by Shannon's index. A total of 547individuals were caught from Imala (S1) and Ibaro (S2) sites of the dam. Species collected include Sarotherodon galilaeus (42.60%),Oreochromis niloticus (17.92%), Tilapia zillii (25.41%), Hemichromis fasciatus (10.61%) and Tilapia mariae (3.48%). Juveniles andsub-adults and adults were among the catch, the sizes were as big as 12.85±0.29cm SL, 109.22±6.00g BW in Tilapia zillii and small as6.09±0.05cm SL and 8.07±0.15g BW in Hemichromis fasciatus. The diversity indexes showed that the diversity of Cichlids was lowerin the two sites observed in Oyan Dam. The estimates of diversity indexes showed lower value for site 1 (0.284) than for site 2 (0.294);Simpson's diversity index was 0.716 for site 1 and 0.703 for site 2 while reciprocal indexes for site 1(3.521) was slightly lower than site2 (3.367). Shannon-Wiener’s Index recorded in the site 1 (1.36) was slightly lower than site 2 (1.37). Pielou’s Index value recorded forsite 1 was 0.845 and 0.852 for site 2. Sarotherodon galilaeus, Oreochromis niloticus, Tilapia zillii and Tilapia mariae exhibited apositive allometric growth pattern while only Hemichromis fasciatus showed a negative allometric growth.
Biology of black bass Micropterus salmoides (Lacepède, 1802) fifty years after the introduction in a small drainage of the Upper Paraná River basin, Brazil DIEGO AZEVEDO ZOCCAL GARCIA; ALEXANDRO DERLY AUGUSTO COSTA; GEAN LUCAS ALVES LEME; MÁRIO LUÍS ORSI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 15 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d150209

Abstract

Garcia DAZ, Costa ADA, Leme GLA, Orsi ML. 2014. Biology of black bass Micropterus salmoides (Lacepède, 1802) fifty years after the introduction in a small drainage of the Upper Paraná River basin, Brazil. Biodiversitas 15: 180-185. The dispersion of organisms byhuman actions has been the major source of changes in the natural distribution of species, making the introduction of non-native speciesa threat to biological diversity. Micropterus salmoides is a fish originating from North America, which was introduced in a lagoon in theEcological Park of Fazenda Monte Alegre in southern Brazil over 50 years ago. The reproductive activity, weight-length relationshipand relative condition factor were analyzed to evaluate the health parameters of the species. The result allows us to classify thereproductive activity of this population as moderate. It was found that the health condition patterns are identical to those theoreticallyexpected. The occurrence of individuals downstream of the lagoon shows that the population has been presenting dispersion conditionsto new environments, posing a threat to local biodiversity. Management measures, such as isolation or eradication of the population, arerequired to control the species within the studied site, and prevent its dispersion into natural watercourses.
Spatial gradients in freshwater fish diversity, abundance and current pattern in the Himalayan region of Upper Ganges Basin, India AJEY KUMAR PATHAK; UTTAM KUMAR SARKAR; SHRI PRAKASH SINGH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 15 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d150210

Abstract

Pathak AK, Sarkar UK, Singh SP. 2014. Spatial gradients in freshwater fish diversity, abundance and current pattern in the Himalayan region of Upper Ganges Basin, India. Biodiversitas 15: 186-194.The present study describes the analysis and mapping of the differentmeasurements of freshwater fish biodiversity of the Upper Ganges basin in the Himalayan region using spatial interpolation methods ofGeographical Information System. The diversity, richness and abundance of fishes for each sampling location were determined andKriging interpolation was applied on each fisheries measurement to predict and produce semivariogram. The semivariogarms producedwere cross validated and reclassified. The reclassified maps for richness, abundance and diversity of fishes, occurrence of cold waterthreatened fish and abundance of important genera like Tor, Schizothorax and species were produced. The result of the Krigingproduced good results and overall error in the estimation process was found significant. The cross validation of semovariograms alsoprovided a better result with the observed data sets. Moreover, weighted overlay analysis of the reclassified raster maps of richness andabundance of fishes produced the classified raster map at different evaluation scale (0-10) qualitatively describing the gradient ofspecies richness and abundance compositely. Similarly, the classified raster map at same evaluation scale qualitatively describing thegradient of species abundance and diversity compositely was produced and published. Further, basin wise analysis betweenAlaknanda/Pindar and Ganga1 sub basins showed 0.745 disparities at 0.745 distances in 2 dimensional spaces. The richness, diversityand abundance of threatened fishes among the different sampling locations were not significant (p = 0.9).
Biological and functional diversity of bird communities in natural and human modified habitats in Northern Flank of Knuckles Mountain Forest Range, Sri Lanka KALYA SUBASINGHE; AMILA P. SUMANAPALA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 15 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d150212

Abstract

Subasinghe K, Sumanapala AP. 2014. Biological and functional diversity of bird communities in natural and human modified habitats in Northern Flank of Knuckles Mountain Forest Range, Sri Lanka. Biodiversitas 15: 200-205. The Knuckles Mountain Forest Range(KMFR) has a complex mosaic of natural and human modified habitats and the contribution of these habitats to the biological andfunctional diversities has not been deeply studied. Present study investigated both of these diversities in five habitat types (two naturalhabitats: Sub-montane forest and Pitawala Patana grassland; three modified habitats: cardamom, pinus and abandoned tea plantations) inNorthern Flank of KMFR using birds as the indicator group. Bird communities were surveyed using point count method. A total of1,150 individuals belonging to 56 species were observed. The highest species richness was reported from the cardamom plantationwhere as sub-montane forest had the highest feeding guild diversity in terms of Shannon Weiner index. The abandoned tea plantationand the Pitawala Patana grasslands with fairly open habitats, showed relatively lower levels of feeding guild diversities. It is clear thatthe structurally complex habitats contribute more to the area’s biological and functional diversities and need to be taken into consideration when developing conservation plans.
The effect of natural and planted forest stands on soil fertility in the Hyrcanian region, Iran RAZIYEH RAFEIE JAHED; SEYED MOHSEN HOSSEINI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 15 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d150213

Abstract

Rafeie Jahed R, Hosseini SM, Kooch Y. 2014. The effect of natural and planted forest stands on soil fertility in the Hyrcanian region, Iran. Biodiversitas 15: 206-214. In the present work, we studied the effect of natural and planted forest stands on soil fertility in theHyrcanian region of northern Iran. Natural forest stands (including Acer velutinum Bioss., Zelkova carpinifolia (Pall), Parrotia persica(DC.) C.A.Mey, Quercus castaneifolia C.A. Mey., Carpinus betulus L, Mixed planted stand (including Acer velutinum, Ulmuscarpinifolia G. Suckow Quercus castaneifolia C.A. Mey, Carpinus betulus L., Tilia begonifolia Scop. subsp. caucasia (Rupr.) Loria;maple (Acer velutinum Bioss) plantation, pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantation and also clear-cut region (control) were considered in thisresearch. Soil samples were collected at two different depths, i.e., 0-15 and 15-30 cm, and characterized with respect to organic carbon(C), total nitrogen (N), available nutrient elements (P, K, Ca and Mg); pH and soil texture. The results showed that the highest amountof total N was found in mixed plantation. The highest amount of available P was detected in maple plantation and pine plantation hadthe highest available K and organic C than other treatments. The highest and the lowest available Ca and Mg were found in naturalforest and control area, respectively. In addition, it was observed that nutrients accumulate in upper layers of the soil. Hardwood standshave been more successful than the conifers stands, so this should be considered in the sustainable management of forests.
Effect of ecotourism on plant biodiversity in Chelmir zone of Tandoureh National Park, Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran AMIRHOSSEIN ZARGHI; SEYED MOHSEN HOSSEINI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 15 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d150215

Abstract

Zarghi A, Hosseini SM. 2014. Effect of ecotourism on plant biodiversity in Chelmir zone of Tandoureh National Park, Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran. Biodiversitas 15: 224-228. Tourism in protected areas is generally viewed as a primary source of promoting economicand social growth to local communities and commonly perceived to safeguard biodiversity. However, in the last few decades anincreasing number of visitors along with more diverse activities are having greater impacts on nature. Hence due to importance ofecotourism in Iran, the effect of ecotourism on plant biodiversity in Chelmir zone was investigated. To acquire the aim of the article, thesampling area was selected under the condition that the ecotourism is solely the variable factor and the slope, direction and height areconsidered constant factor after evaluation of the ecological land unit drawings. Two zones of high pressured and low pressuredecotourism were considered after evaluation of related drawings. Samples were taken in spring 2010. For evaluation of the plantbiodiversity 60 samples of 1m2 (30 samples in each zone) were taken randomly and then the list of flora and the cover percentage ofvegetation were recorded and then the percentage of vegetation data were analyzed in Biopast software and the biodiversity (Shanon,Simpson) richness (Menhinick, Margalef) evenness (Dominance, Berger-Parker) and dominance (Evenness, Equitability) indices werecalculated. The mentioned indices were inserted in SPSS II software and the data normality was tested through Kolomogrov-Smirnovtest. Due to data normality, non-paired T test was used in order to compare diversity analysis. The results indicate that the diversity,richness, dominance and evenness indices show significant effects of ecotourism on biodiversity indices.

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