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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,259 Documents
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Ethnobotanical study of herbal medicine in Ranggawulung Urban Forest, Subang District, West Java, Indonesia LILY SURAYYA EKA PUTRI; DASUMIATI DASUMIATI; KRISTIYANTO KRISTIYANTO; MARDIANSYAH MARDIANSYAH; CHAIRUL MALIK; LAKSMANA PUTRA LEUVINADRIE; EKA ADHI MULYONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d170125

Abstract

Putri LSE, Dasumiati, Kristiyanto, Mardiansyah, Malik C, Leuvinadrie LP, Mulyono EA. Biodiversitas 17: 172-176. Ethnobotanical study is the first time study done in Subang District, West Java, Indonesia focused in the surrounding area of Ranggawulung Urban Forest (RUF). This study is related to plants diversity in Ranggawulung urban forest which is under the management of PT. Pertamina EP Field Subang, Indonesia. The purpose of the study was to investigate and collect information from local people on the use of medicinal plants in Subang District, West Java, Indonesia. The field study was conducted from OctoberNovember 2015 in Subang District through deep personal interview and questionnaire then all information were written and documented. Based on the diversity index of Shannon-Wiener, RUF was categorized in high diversity (H’=3.64). The total number of plant species in RUF was 1655 species belonging to 179 species from 101 families and only 32 species used for traditional medicines among local peoples. The highest frequency of plant parts used were leaves (47%) and fruit (17%) and followed with other parts of trunk, root, tuber, latex, bark and seed. The form of decoction was the most frequently prepared and administered orally. It indicates that Skeleton-Muscular System Disorder (SMSD) and Endocrinal Disorder (ED) had the highest use reports which came from 19 species of plants belonging to 3 families (Moraceae, Meliaceae, and Myrtaceae) to heal diseases including diabetes and back pain/rheumatism. It can be stated that higher index of diversity in RUF did not directly affect the use of plants for traditional medicine. Socialization of herbal medicine used among local people has to be improved as there are many species of plants are available to heal many diseases surrounding Subang District.
Potential in bioethanol production from various ethanol fermenting microorganisms using rice husk as substrate WOOTTICHAI NACHAIWIENG; SAISAMORN LUMYONG; RONACHAI PRATANAPHON; KOICHI YOSHIOKA; CHARTCHAI KHANONGNUCH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 16 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d160229

Abstract

Nachaiwieng W, Lumyong S, Pratanapol R, Yoshioka K, Khanongnuch C. 2015. Potential in bioethanol production fromvarious ethanol fermenting microorganisms using rice husk as substrate. Biodiversitas 16: 320-326. Rice husk was investigated as thepotential substrate for bioethanol fermentation. It was collected from five locations in northern Thailand and found that the maincomponent of rice husk approximately 51-54% (w/w) was holocellulose. The sugar composition in rice husk holocellulose was glucose,xylose and arabinose in the ratio 66.68, 27.61 and 5.71%, respectively. Before further fermentation, acid and alkali pretreatment of ricehusk were prior investigated and 2% (w/v) NaOH at 130oC for 30 min was proved to be the most suitable pretreatment method withoutfermenting inhibitors generation. Then, rice husk hydrolysate obtained by enzymatic saccharification with Meicelase enzyme was usedas carbon sources for ethanol fermentation in comparison among 11 ethanol fermenting microorganisms including 3 strains ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae, 3 strains of Zymomonas mobilis, 3 strains of Kluyveromyces marxianus and 2 strains of pentose sugarfermenting microbes, Candida shehatae TISTR 5843 and Pichia stipitis BCC 15191. All three strains of Z. mobilis exhibited the bestethanol fermentation yield, giving the ethanol yield of 0.48 g g-1 available monosaccharides and fermentation profile of each individualgenus was also demonstrated. However, some unutilized sugars still remained in rice husk fermenting medium, therefore, conversion tovaluable products or optimization of co-culture ethanol fermentation needs to be further investigated.
Review: Genetic diversity of local and exotic cattle and their crossbreeding impact on the quality of Indonesian cattle SUTARNO SUTARNO; AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 16 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d160230

Abstract

Sutarno, Setyawan AD. 2015. Genetic diversity of local and exotic cattle and their crossbreeding impact on the quality of Indonesian cattle. Biodiversita16: 327-354.Several species of cattle had been domesticated around the world, but only two species werefarmed extensively, zebu cattle (Bos indicus) of the tropics and taurine cattle (Bos taurus) of the subtropical areas. Both of them hadhundreds variety of offspring in the worlds. The third species of cattle that most widely farmed was Bali cattle (Bos javanicus), anindigenous cattle from Indonesia that was domesticated from wild banteng (Bos javanicus javanicus). Besides Bali cattle, Indonesia hadalso some local cattle as direct descendants of or as Crossbreeds of those three cattle. These cattle had been adapted to climaticconditions, feeds and diseases in Indonesia. Local zebu cattle that relatively pure were Peranakan Ongole (PO) or Ongole breeds andSumba Ongole (SO). The main Crossbreed between zebu and Bali cattle was Madura cattle. The other well-known cattle of this wereAceh cattle, Pesisir cattle, Rancah cattle, Jabres cattle, Galekan cattle and Rambon cattle. Crossbreeds of taurine and zebu cattlegenerally produced calf that declining reproductive ability in generations. One fairly successful was Grati cattle or Holstein FreisianIndonesia (FHI) which was a crossbreed of Holstein Friesian and PO cattle. In recent decades, there were many crossbreed activitiesthrough artificial insemination between local cattle and taurine cattle to produce excellent beef cattle, mainly Simmental and Limousin.This activity was carried out widely and evenly distributed throughout Indonesia. It was conducted on all local cattle breeds and wasstrongly supported by local farmers. This crossbreeding activity was feared to change the genetic diversity of local Indonesia cattle,where the descendants could not adapt to the climatic conditions, feeds and localized diseases; and the ability of reproduction continuesto decline in generations, there fore the availability of parental cattle should be maintained continuously. This crossbreed had producedsome new breeds, among others Simpo (Simmental x PO), Limpo (Limousin x PO), Simbal (Simmental x Bali cattle), Limbal(Limousin x Bali cattle), and Madrasin or Limad (Limousin x Madura cattle). Male offsprings were sterile, while female offsprings hadlower reproductive capacity than of the parent’s. This lead to uncertainty over the guarantee of meeting the needs of protein (meat andmilk) of Indonesian in the future, thus there was a need of regulation. On the other hand, in the grasslands of North Australia, thebreeder had produced an eminent cattle breeds, namely Australian Commercial Cattle (ACC), from uncontrolled crossbreeds betweendifferent breedsof taurine and zebu cattle in the pasture, therefore this concerns ignored.
Effects of timber harvest on structural diversity and species composition in hardwood forests FARZAM TAVANKAR; AMIR ESLAM BONYAD
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 16 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d160101

Abstract

Tavankar F, Bonyad AE. 2015. Effects of timber harvest on structural diversity and species composition in hardwood forests. Biodiversitas 16: 1-9. Forest management leads to changes in structure and species composition of stands. In this research vertical and horizontal structure and species composition were compared in two harvested and protected stands in the Caspian forest of Iran. The results indicated the tree and seedling density, total basal area and stand volume was significantly (P < 0.01) higher in the protected stand. The Fagus orientalis L. had the most density and basal area in the both stands. Species importance value (SIV) of Fagus orientalis in the protected stand (92.5) was higher than in the harvested stand (88.5). While, the SIV of shade-intolerant tree species such as Acer insigne, Acer cappadocicum and Alnus subcordata was higher in the harvested stand. The density of trees and seedling of raretree species, such as Ulmus glabra, Tilia begonifolia, Zelkova carpinifolia and Fraxinus coriarifolia, was also higher in the protected  stand. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index in the protected stand (0.84) was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than in the harvested stand (0.72). The highest diversity value in the harvested stand was observed in DBH of 10-40 cm class, while DBH of 40-70 cm had the highest diversity value in the protected stand.
Plant species diversity among ecological species groups in the Caspian Sea coastal sand dune; Case study: Guilan Province, North of Iran MOKARRAM RAVANBAKHSH; TAYYEBEH AMINI; SAYED MOHSEN NASSAJ HOSSEINI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 16 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d160103

Abstract

Ravanbakhsh M, Amini T, Hosseini SMN. 2015. Plant species diversity among ecological species groups in the Caspian Sea coastal sand dune; Case study: Guilan Province, North of Iran. Biodiversitas 16: 16-21. Biodiversity is often discussed in terms of species diversity is concentrated. Species diversity is one of the important characteristics of biological communities and its as a functionof the number and size represent populations of species in a special geographic region.The aim of this study was to identification ofecological species groups and investigates the diversity among ecological species groups. The research area comprises a coastal dunesystem in northern of Guilan Province, Iran. Vegetation sampling was carried out along 22 shore perpendicular transects, approximately500-m long. A total of 62 plot of 25 square meters were taken in transects. In each sampled plot, the cover percentage value of eachspecies was estimated using Bran-Blanquet scales. Vegetation classified using Two-Way Indicator Species Analysis (TWINSPAN). Thecomparison of diversity indices among groups were performed with ANOVA test. The results revealed that there were 232 plant taxaand 8 ecological species group in the region. Results of analysis of variance in species diversity indices showed significant differencesamong the groups in terms of biodiversity indices. The survey of variation in the groups showed that groups 5 and 6 had the highest andgroups 1, 2, 3, and 7 had the lowest indices. Checking of the group's position with high diversity in comparison with other groups in thiscoastal area indicates that the group settled on the coastal land with stabilized soil and proper distance from the sea had higher diversityindices.
Effect of Alnus subcordata, Acer insigne and Sequoia sempervirens plantations on plant diversity in Hyrcanian forest of Iran FATEMEH GHEIBI; MOSLEM AKBARINIA; YAHYA KOOCH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 16 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d160102

Abstract

Gheibi F, Akbarinia M, Kooch Y. 2015. Effect of Alnus subcordata, Acer insigne and Sequoia sempervirens plantations on plant diversity in Hyrcanian forest of Iran. Biodiversitas 16: 10-15. Forest plantation is a common action in order to restore thedegraded forests in Hyrcanian forests of Iran. This study compares the plant biodiversity in four 25-year-old stands of plantation,adjacent understorey of alder (Alnus subcordata C. A. Mey.), maple (Acer insigne Boiss.), sequoia or red wood (Sequoia sempervirens(D. Don) Endl.) and mixed stand (maple and sequoia), located in Salmanshahr of Mazandaran Province, northern Iran. Research carriedout in, 10 sample plots with 20m × 20m area which taken by systematic-random in each plantation. All understorey species wereidentified, recorded and then the biodiversity indices (diversity, richness and evenness) were calculated. Our findings show that theplanted species had significant effects on understorey diversity. Statistical comparisons revealed that the highest and lowest diversity(Simpson and Shanon-Winer) and richness (Margalef and Menhinic) indices occurred in sequoia and alder stands, respectively. Theevenness indices (Camargo and Smith-Wilson) were significantly greater in maple, sequoia and mixed stands compared with the aldertype. As a conclusion, floristic change trends were different according to the planted tree species. A good understanding of thecomplexity of vegetation processes requires long-term monitoring of vegetation change.
Ferns and fern allies of District Shopian, Kashmir Valley, India SHAKOOR A. MIR; ANAND K. MISHRA; SHAUKET AHMAD PALA; ZAFAR A. RESHI; M. P. SHARMA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 16 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d160105

Abstract

Mir SA, Mishra AK, Pala SA, Reshi ZA, Sharma MP. Ferns and fern allies of District Shopian, Kashmir Valley, IndiaBiodiversitas 16: 27-43. Shopian, recently created hilly district of Kashmir valley, Jammu and Kashmir is surrounded by the loftymountains of Pir-Panjal range. More than half area of district is occupied by different forests, subalpine, alpine and mountainous zones.Great altitudinal variation, adequate rainfall, high forest cover, large number of streams, springs and topographic variations render thedistrict worthy for supporting rich fern flora. Therefore, the current study was aimed to undertake in-depth systematic survey of differenthabitats of Shopian for the collection of diversity of pteridophytes. Specimens were collected during 2010, 2011 and 2012 growingseasons from June to November. A total 81 species of ferns and fern allies belonging 27 genera and 11 families were reported. Thedominant families of the region are Dryopteridaceae (25 species) followed by Woodsiaceae (16 species), Aspleniaceae (13 species) andPteridaceae (12 species). Similarly, the dominant genera collected from here are Dryopteris (14 species), Asplenium (13), Polystichum(11 species) and Athyrium (6 species). A list of the fern and fern allies, along with update nomenclature, their selected Synonym,diagnostic features, distributional and ecological notes have been provided here.
Local knowledge of medicinal plants in sub-ethnic Batak Simalungun of North Sumatra, Indonesia MARINA SILALAHI; JATNA SUPRIATNA; EKO BAROTO WALUJO; NISYAWATI NISYAWATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 16 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d160106

Abstract

Silalahi M, Supriatna J, Walujo EB, Nisyawati. 2015. Local knowledge of medicinal plants in sub-ethnic Batak Simalungun of North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 16: 44-54. Research on the local knowledge of medicinal plants by sub-ethnic BatakSimalungun of North Sumatra was conducted, using an ethnobotanical approach. The sample consisted of 8 key informants and 32general respondents, who were grouped into two, namely those who were 30-50 years old and >50 years old. Data were analyzed bothqualitatively by descriptive statistics and quantitatively by calculating the index of cultural significance (ICS) and the use value (UVs).It was found that 239 species (170 genera, 70 families) of medicinal plants were used to cure 18 kinds of natural diseases and 2 kinds ofsupra natural diseases. Almost half of those plants (119 species) had leaves used as medicines. Among the diseases, gastrointestinaldisorders had the highest number of medicinal plants used (72 species), followed by fever (64 species), and fractures (41 species). Itseemed that younger generation had lost their knowledge in the medicinal plants because their knowledge of medicinal plants (48.19 ±8.35 species) was lower than the that of older generation (170.19 ± 18.38 species), while our key informants had the highest knowledgeof medicinal plants among respondents (202.00 ± 12.32 species).
The diversity of non-methanogenic bacteria involved in biogas production from tofu-processing wastewater SUNARTO SUNARTO; HANNI TSAAQIFAH; CAHYADI PURWOKO; ARTINI PANGASTUTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 16 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d160108

Abstract

Sunarto, Tsaaqifah H, Purwoko C, Pangastuti A. 2014. The diversity of non-methanogenic bacteria involved in biogasproduction from tofu-processing wastewater. Biodiversitas 16: 62-68. The energy crisis is an important current issue, so diversificationof energy is needed to solve the problem. Biogas from tofu-processing wastewater is one potential alternative energy to be developedbecause it has high organic matter content. The amount of methane formed by methanogens is also influenced by the presence ofbacteria, so it is necessary to do research on the diversity of non-methanogenic bacterial communities. This study aimed to determine thediversity of non-methanogenic bacteria in anaerobic fermentation using ARDRA (Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis)method. Tofu-processing wastewater was anaerobically fermented, followed by DNA extraction, amplification of 16S rRNA markergene, and cloning. Then, restriction was done using MspI and AluI restriction enzymes, followed by sequencing of different patterns.The data were analyzed to know the diversity of non-methanogenic bacteria and the relative importance of each phylotype in thecommunity using Shannon-Wiener index of diversity (H’) and evenness (E).The results showed that there were 38 positive clones of16S rRNA genes clones. The sequencing using BLASTn analysis showed the presence of 10 species of non-methanogenic bacteria.There were four sequences with 97% similarity, indicating that the bacteria belong to species from GeneBank data. There were 6sequences that had 96% similarity with the closest relative in the database, indicating that these bacteria are new species. The Shanon-Wiener index was 1.291, categorized as low and the evenness was 0.561, categorized as low because there was dominance of a species.
Short Communication: Note on Excoecaria indica (Willd.) Muell.-Arg, 1863 (Euphorbiaceae), from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India; a data deficient species PADISAMY RAGAVAN; K. RAVICHANDRAN; P. M. MOHAN; ALOK SXAENA; R. S. PRASANTH; R. S.C. JAYARAJ; S. SARAVANAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 16 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d160104

Abstract

Ragavan P, Ravichandran K, Mohan PM, Sxaena A, Prasanth RS, Jayaraj RSJ, Saravanan S. 2015. Note on Excoecariaindica (Willd.) Muell.-Arg, 1863 (Euphorbiaceae), from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India; a data deficient species. Biodiversitas 16: 22-26. Excoecaria indica (Wild.) Muell.-Arg was recorded from Middle Andaman and Great Nicobar Island representing a newaddition to the mangrove flora of the, Andaman and Nicobar islands. This species is characterized by its thorny trunk, crenulatelanceolateleaves and cherry-sized green fruits containing three seeds. Information about E. indica is inadequate, and it is recognized asdata deficient species. Further studies and conservation measures are imperative for managing the mangrove diversity of the islands withregards to this species.

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