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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
 153   154   155   156   157 
Isolation of antagonistic fungi from rhizospheres and its biocontrol activity against different isolates of soil borne fungal pathogens infected legumes ERIYANTO YUSNAWAN; ALFI INAYATI; YULIANTORO BALIADI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 7 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200735

Abstract

Abstract. Yusnawan E, Inayati A, Baliadi Y. 2019. Isolation of antagonistic fungi from rhizospheres and its biocontrol activity against different isolates of soil borne fungal pathogens infected legumes. Biodiversitas 20: 2048-2054. Soilborne diseases caused by Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium sp. are biotic limits for legume production. Biological controls offer environmental friendly control for these pathogens. This study aimed to isolate and screen Trichoderma from different rhizospheres and to obtain effective Trichoderma isolates to suppress in vitro growth of the soil borne pathogens. The antagonistic inhibitory activity was performed by dual culture method. Seven out of forty indigenous Trichoderma isolates collected from East Java, Indonesia effectively suppressed the growth of different fungal isolates, namely Rhizoctonia solani (R.s1), R. solani (R.s2) as well as Fusarium sp. which infected soybean and mung bean. In vitro study showed different suppression of the pathogens on dual culture tests. The seven isolates inhibited the growth of R. solani (R.s1), R.solani (R.s2) and Fusarium sp. ranging from 90.0 to 99.6%, 72.8 to 82.4%, and 67.9 to 90.8%, respectively. Isolate origin and genetic variability of Trichoderma played an important role in the antagonistic activity. The fast-growing of selected Trichoderma showed their abilities for space occupation and nutrition competition, which involved in the antagonistic activity. The mycelial growth of Trichoderma over pathogens showed hyperparasitism mechanism. In addition, coiling of Trichoderma over hyphal pathogens was observed during microscopic observation. The seven Trichoderma isolates, therefore, are promising as biological control agents against the soil borne fungi infected legumes.
Using ecosystem approach indicators for assessing the ecological status of reef fisheries management in a marine protected area ERNIK YULIANA; MENNOFATRIA BOER; ACHMAD FAHRUDIN; MOHAMMAD MUKHLIS KAMAL; SHINTA TRILESTARI PARDEDE
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 7 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200703

Abstract

Abstract. Yuliana E, Boer M, Fahrudin A, Kamal MM, Pardede ST. 2019. Using ecosystem approach indicators for assessing the ecological status of reef fisheries management in a marine protected area. Biodiversitas 20: 1802-1810.  The purpose of this study was to assess the status of reef fisheries management in a marine protected area base on ecosystem approach indicators and to determine the tactical decisions required to improve management. The study site was in Karimunjawa National Park (KNP) Jepara, Central Java, Indonesia. Data were collected using survey and observation methods and included both primary and secondary data. Coral fish, which were the object of the study was Caesio cuning, Caesio caerulaurea, Plectropomus oligacanthus, and Parupeneus barberinus. Determination of the status of each ecosystem approach indicator was conducted using the flag model. Tactical decisions were necessary to improve the status of management indicators. The results indicated that the ecological status of reef fisheries management of KNP is at a moderate level with an achievement value of 62.75% Tactical decisions are necessary to push the ten indicators to achieve a better level. Three indicators still received a poor status, and the remaining (seven indicators) were within the moderate status. Therefore, the three indicators that need to be improved quickly are fish abundance, fishing gear modification, and fishing capacity.
Screening for potential antidiabetes and antioxidant activities of selected plants from East Kalimantan, Indonesia RICO RAMADHAN; ALFINDA NOVI KRISTANTI; RUDIANTO AMIRTA; IRAWAN WIJAYA KUSUMA; PREECHA PHUWAPRAISIRISAN; MUHAMMAD TAUFIQ HAQIQI; SAPARWADI SAPARWADI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 7 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200705

Abstract

Abstract. Ramadhan R, Kristanti AN, Amirta R, Kusuma IW, Phuwapraisirisan P, Haqiqi MT, Saparwadi. 2019. Screening for potential antidiabetes and antioxidant activities of selected plants from East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1820-1826. Ten selected plants in this study have been used traditionally in West Kutai, East Kalimantan as medicinal plants. This study aimed to screen and evaluate the in vitro antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of methanol extracts of selected plants from East Kalimantan. The antidiabetic activity was carried out by ?-glucosidase inhibitory activity with maltose and sucrose as substrates while antioxidant activity was determined by free radicals scavenging activity against DPPH, ABTS and Nitric Oxide (NO). The results showed that Garcinia riedeliana extract had strong inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 0.04 mg/mL followed by  Shorea laevis, Pternandra azurea and Bridelia tomentosa with IC50 values of 0.12; 0.15 and 0.16 mg/mL in maltose respectively, while quercetin as positive control had an IC50 value of 0.08 mg/mL. G.riedeliana extract also showed good ?-glucosidase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 0.23 mg/mL in sucrose as substrate. The results on antioxidant activity showed that all extracts have IC50 value against free radicals DPPH, ABTS, and nitric oxide. The most active extract as ?-glucosidase inhibitory activity and antioxidant activity was G. riedeliana extract. These findings provide the scientific evidence that one species of medicinal plants from East Kalimantan might be potential as an antioxidant and ?-glucosidase inhibitor.                                 
Population structure of Cotylelobium melanoxylon within vegetation community in Bona Lumban Forest, Central Tapanuli, North Sumatra, Indonesia ARIDA SUSILOWATI; HENTI HENDALASTUTI RACHMAT; DENI ELFIATI; CUT RIZLANI KHOLIBRINA; YOSIE SYADZA KUSUMA; HOTMAN SIREGAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 6 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200625

Abstract

Abstract. Susilowati A, Rachmat HH, Elfiati D, Kholibrina CR, Kusuma YS, Siregar H. 2019. Population structure of Cotylelobium melanoxylon within vegetation community in Bona Lumban Forest, Central Tapanuli, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1681-1687. In many forests stand, Cotylelobium melanoxylon is hard to find in the wild at present day because its bark has been intensively harvested for traditional alcoholic drink and sold by kilogram in traditional market in North Sumatra and Riau. This activity has put the species into serious threats of their existence in their natural habitat. We conducted study to determine the population structure of the species at seedling to tree stage in Bona Lumban Forest, Central Tapanuli. We used purposive sampling by making line transect at forest area where C. melanoxylon naturally grow. There were four transects with each transect consisted of five plots in which nested plots were established to record data at four growth stages, resulting in 80 plots in total. The result showed that the Important Value Index (IVI) for C. melanoxylon were 66.33, 17.65, 11.82, 12.90; Diversity Index (H) were 2.9, 1.90,2.88, 2.53 and 12.90, Index of evenness (E) were 0.844, 0.534, 0.85, 0.935 and the Index of Richness (R) were 5.71, 7.13, 5.37, 3.67 for the stage tree, pole, sapling, and seedlings, respectively This result demonstrates that C. melanoxylon still grows naturally in Bona Lumban at all stages from tree to seedling. However, there might be a problem in its natural regeneration as there is big difference of its high IVI at tree stage compared to IVI value for its younger stages. The regeneration status of C. melanoxylon was also classified into fair. This might be generated from the condition that the existing mature trees remaining were no longer productive and healthy due to excessive harvesting for its bark.
Juvenile and small fish diversity in mangroves of different root types in the Labuhan Coastal Area, Bangkalan, Indonesia FARID KAMAL MUZAKI; DIAN SAPTARINI; ACIB SETIA IBADAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 6 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200607

Abstract

Abstract. Muzaki FK, Saptarini D, Ibadah AC. 2019. Juvenile and small fish diversity in mangroves of different root types in the Labuhan Coastal Area, Bangkalan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1537-1543. The complexities of mangrove root types are well known to have effect on communities of fish including larval, juvenile and adult stages. This study aimed to access the difference on species composition and diversity of juvenile and small fish from mangrove area of different root types, especially in mangroves of the coastal area of Sepulu, Bangkalan which is a mangrove protection area. The samples were collected from November 2016 to June 2017 using modified centipede nets and scoop nets. Four types of sampling locations were used. Areas with pneumatophores (S), stilt roots (R), a combination of both types (C) and areas without mangroves (T). At least 32 species from 16 families of juvenile and small fish were identified. Families of fish with highest number of species were Gobiidae with 13 species, followed by Ambassidae, Mugilidae, Eleotridae and Siganidae with 2 species each. Fish species with highest abundance in all sampling sites and periods were Oryzias javanicus (F. Adrianichthyidae, 22.039%), Ambassis kopsii (F. Ambassidae, 17.878%), Liza vaigiensis (F. Mugilidae, 9.613%), Am. buruensis (F. Ambassidae, 9.261%), Terapon jarbua (F. Terapontidae, 7.562%), L. subviridis (F. Mugilidae, 7.385%) and Pseudogobius javanicus (F. Gobiidae, 7.385%), respectively. Result of two-way Anova (p=0.05) suggest that area with stilt roots (R) which were dominated by mangrove Rhizophora have relatively higher abundance and species richness of juvenile and adult small fish. In addition, average Shannon-Weaner diversity index (H’) value in areas with stilt roots was 2.031 and highest compared to the other sampling sites.
Short Communication: Bird community and it’s conservation implications in Gunung Tunak Nature Park, Lombok, Indonesia GITO HADIPRAYITNO; AGIL AL IDRUS; I GDE MERTHA; M LIWA ILHAMDI; I WAYAN SUANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 6 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200636

Abstract

Abstract. Hadiprayitno G, Al Idrus A, Mertha IG, Ilhamdi ML, Suana IW. 2019. Birds community and it's conservation implications in Gunung Tunak Nature Park, Lombok, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1753-1757.  Bird community is an important indicator of ecosystem health. A study was conducted in Gunung Tunak Nature Park to analyze the composition of bird species and the abundance and diversity of bird species. Data were collected by survey method from May to August 2017 on three trails. The bird fauna of  Gunung Tunak Nature Park consisted of 32 species belonging to 27 families and 10 orders. The order Passeriformes accounted for the dominant family and species, with an abundance of 61.6%. The species with the highest abundance is Zosterops chloris (13.9%), following by Orthotomus sepium (12.2%), and Streptopelia chinensis (10.4%). While the diversity index was 3.03, indicating that the bird community in Gunung Tunak Nature Park is still well preserved. Five species are of high conservation priority based on protected by Indonesian Law, Endemicity of Wallacea, and the IUCN Red list i.e., Megapodius reinwardt, Pitta elegans, Caloenas nicobarica, Lalage sueurii, and Dicrurus densus.
Genetic variation among the geographic population of Cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Indonesia inferred from mitochondrial COI gene sequence Nopriawansyah Nopriawansyah; AUNU RAUF; YAYI M. KUSUMAH; ALI NURMANSYAH; YONNY KOESMARYONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 9 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200933

Abstract

Abstract. Nopriawansyah N, Rauf A, Kusumah YM, Nurmansyah A, Koesmaryono Y. 2019. Genetic variation among the geographic population of Cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Indonesia inferred from mitochondrial COI gene sequence. Biodiversitas 20: 2685-2692. Cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is an invasive pest native to South America. Research was conducted with the objective to study genetic variation of cassava mealybug from different geographic areas in Indonesia. Thirty-six samples of cassava mealybugs were collected from eight different population locations. Genomic DNA was extracted from individual specimens of P. manihoti using gSYNC DNA Extraction Kit from Geneaid Lot No. FB221707. PCR amplification using primary CO1 gene showed the target position as long as 518 bp. Analysis of homology from eight populations revealed eight haplotypes in Indonesia with different variable sites. Genetic distance analysis was done by calculating base pair differences in each population. The percentage of genetic distance between populations was 0.0000% -0.00409%. The results of the analyst using the Kimura-2 parameter showed that the population was divided into 2 clusters. The highest haplotype (Hd) diversity value was 0.8333, while the lowest was zero (Hd = 0). The highest nucleotide diversity (?) was 0.00225 and the lowest was 0.000000. The genetic distance and nucleotide diversity were low because P. manihoti was thelytoky parthenogenesis.
Short Communication: Habitat and population characteristics of the endemic Java Tree Frog (Rhacophorus margaritifer) in Ranca Upas, West Java, Indonesia TINA SAFARIA NILAWATI; HERNAWATI HERNAWATI; REZA AHMAD TAUFIK
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 6 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200621

Abstract

Abstract. Nilawati TS, Hernawati, Taufik RA. 2019. Short Communication: Habitat and population characteristics of the endemic Java Tree Frog (Rhacophorus margaritifer) in Ranca Upas, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1644-1649. The Java tree frog (Rhacophorus margaritifer) is one of the endemic frogs of Indonesia. Ranca Upas forest, West Java, Indonesia is one of the habitats of this species which is threatened by the extension of the ??campground and tourism area. The aim of this study was to identify the habitat and population characteristics of Rhacophorus margaritifer in Ranca Upas forest. Data was collected through Capture-Mark-Release-Recapture method in every 100 m distance of a 300 m transect, along the river. The captured frogs were tagged using modified shoelaces. Habitat characteristics were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively, population number was estimated by the Schnabel method, and population distribution was calculated using the Morisita distribution index. The results showed that R. margaritifer habitat was at an altitude of 1630-1670 m asl with 16.6 oC average air temperature and 90.8% air humidity. The habitat was near river with clear water and mud substrate at 14.8 oC water temperature, 0.068 m/s water velocity, and neutral acidity. Furthermore, three species of plants, namely Strobilanthes crispus, Curculigo capitulata, and Cyathea sp. were identified to be very often used by R. margaritifer. Population abundance of R. margaritifer was estimated to be 286 individuals, with 5 individuals /100m2 density and it showed a clumped disp.ersion. Average size of frogs found in the study area was 40 mm Snout to Vent Length (SVL) and the range was 36 to 65 mm. This showed that the location is dominated by young frogs and the study area is a good habitat for R. margaritifer.
A comparative study of carbon dioxide absorption capacity of seven urban forest plant species of Banda Aceh, Indonesia Malahayati Daud; Betty Mauliya Bustam; BASTIAN ARIFIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 11 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201134

Abstract

Abstract. Daud M, Bustam BM, Arifin B. 2019. A comparative study of carbon dioxide absorption capacity of seven urban forest plant species of Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3372-3379. Global warming has been a major issue affecting all parts of the world in recent years. One method of reducing the impact of global warming is through supporting the green open space. The city government of Banda Aceh, Indonesia has targetted as much as 30% of its area to the formation of green open space. The BNI urban forest is one example of the green open spaces in Banda Aceh. This research was conducted to know the carbon dioxide absorption capacity in seven selected tree species found in the urban forest. The method that has been applied was the explorative survey method with purposive sampling. The data were analyzed using linear regression and correlation analysis. The results showed that the highest ability of carbon dioxide absorption per leaf per hour was found in the Terminalia catappa (0.511 g/leaf/hour) and the lowest was found in the Calophyllum inophyllum (0.056 g/leaf/hour). While the highest carbon dioxide absorption per tree per hour was found in Pterocarpus indicus (4,642,293 g/tree/hour) and the lowest was found in Calophyllum inophyllum (162,640 g/tree/hour). The results of linear regression analysis showed that there was no strong correlation and no significant effect between leaf surface area and mass of carbohydrate, to capacity of carbon dioxide absorption in urban forest plants.
Genetic diversity of Rhizophora mucronata in eastern region of Timor Island, Indonesia as revealed by RAPD Ihwan Ihwan; uslan uslan; nashi widodo; Luchman Hakim
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 11 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201133

Abstract

Abstract. Ihwan, Uslan, Widodo, Hakim L. 2019. Genetic diversity of Rhizophora mucronata in eastern region of Timor Island, Indonesia as revealed by RAPD. Biodiversitas 20: 3364-3371. Mangrove ecosystems have essential functions in producing organic materials, protecting against erosion, and supporting the area between land and sea. Rhizophora mucronata is a dominant mangrove species in all coastal areas of Timor Island, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Recent reports suggest that mangroves have been affected by anthropogenic pressure and natural disasters. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic diversity of R. mucronata in the east region of Timor Island. This study is important in supporting mangrove protected management planning in the region. The sampling was carried out in six mangrove vegetation sites, DNA was isolated from the leaves and used for PCR-RAPD using six primers. Dendrogram analysis of the species was determined based on UPGMA (unweighted pair group method) and the similarity coefficient from Nei and Li using the MVSP program. The results showed that the six primers used generated a DNA length of 270-1345 bp, with the number of bands being 22-27. The percentage of polymorphism ranged from 73.91% to 86.96% in all primers used, with a polymorphic information content (PIC) value of 0.94. Thus, it can be concluded that the value of genetic diversity (He) from the R. mucronata mangrove population in Timor Island has a value of 0.666. The R. mucronata population in Abudenok and Tanjung Bastian has the highest genetic diversity with a value of 0.667, while the population in Tanjung Tuamese has the lowest genetic diversity with a value of 0.664. Based on the results of the dendrogram analysis, the R. mucronata population in Timor Island correlated with its geographical location. The adjacent populations have a tendency to form one subgroup.

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