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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Rhizosphere fungal community, soil physicochemical properties, understorey vegetation and their relationship during post-coal mining reclamation in East Kalimantan, Indonesia SUDRAJAT SUDRAJAT; BAYU WIDHAYASA; RUSDIANSYAH RUSDIANSYAH; DWI SUSANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 7 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200723

Abstract

Abstract. Sudrajat, Widhayasa B, Rusdiansyah, Susanto D. 2019. Rhizosphere fungal community, soil physicochemical properties, understorey vegetation and their relationship during post-coal mining reclamation in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1953-1962.  The objective of this study was to evaluate the composition of fungal community in rhizosphere, understorey vegetation and soil physicochemical properties post-coal mining reclamation. Soil sampling was conducted using a series of reclamation stages plots (undisturbed, disturbed, two, nine, twelves and sixteen years of reclamation) with drill ground at a depth of 0-30 cm. On each plot, five-point drilling was conducted; soil samples were composited; and their physicochemical properties including soil pH, organic carbon, total N, available P, available K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, and S content were analyzed. Rhizosphere microfungi were isolated by using serial dilution and plated on potato dextrose agar added with Streptomycin. Identification and characterization of soil microfungi were done with the help of accessible manuals of fungi. The results showed that fungal genera at rhizosphere during post-coal mining reclamation were Aspergillus, Penicillium, Cephalosporium, Gliocladium, Humicola, Trichoderma, and Paecilomyces. Aspergillus was dominant comprising 74% of the total isolates. The fungal density in the undisturbed soil and the post-coal mining reclamation soil were higher than in the disturbed soil. The fungal rhizosphere groups isolated were saprophytic fungi that were present in a high relative density. In addition, the results showed that fungal rhizosphere was negatively correlated with soil pH and organic carbon. On the other hand, fungal rhizosphere was positively correlated with total N, available P, and available K. It can be concluded that the time period of post-coal mining reclamation, vegetation, and soil physicochemical profoundly determined the soil fungal community.
Genetic diversity of local sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) genotypes of East Java, Indonesia for agro-morphological and physiological traits Sulistyawati Sulistyawati; DYAH ROESWITAWATI; JABAL TARIK IBRAHIM; MAFTUCHAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 9 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200911

Abstract

Abstract. Sulistyawati, Roeswitawati D, Ibrahim JT, Maftuchah. 2019. Genetic diversity of local sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) genotypes of East Java, Indonesia for agro-morphological and physiological traits. Biodiversitas 20: 2503-2510. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) has great potential to be cultivated because it has extensive adaptability, tolerant to drought and puddles, can produce on marginal land and relatively resistant to pests and diseases. To meet the food requirement, sorghum can be grown in Indonesia as an alternative food source other than rice. This study aims to obtain information on the agro-morphological and physiological characters of nine local sorghum genotypes in East Java, Indonesia so that they can be used as parents in improving the nature of varieties. The experiment was conducted in a Randomized Block Design, using nine local sorghum genotypes from East Java in three replications. The nine local sorghum genotypes are Sb.Pas, Sb.Lmg 1, Sb.Lmg 2, Sb.Tbn, Sb.Spg 1, Sb.Spg 2, Sb.Tag 1, Sb.Tag 2 and Sb.Jbg. The result showed that nine genotypes that are characterized have a variety of morphological (quantitative and qualitative), agronomic and physiological characters. According to the whole characters observed, there are five genotypes that are recommended for breeding programs, namely Sb.Lmg 1, Sb.Tbn, Sb.Spg 2, Sb.Tag1 and sb.Tag2. This can be proved by the morphological character, genotype Sb.Lmg 1, Sb.Tbn, Sb.Spg 2, Sb.Tag 1 and Sb.Tag2 have a high value of Agronomy character, genotype Sb.Tbn, Sb.Tag 1 and Sb.Tag 2 noted highest production acres-1 harvest age of genjah and medium; the Physiology character, high protein and carbohydrate substances reached by the Sb.Lmg 1 genotype, Sb.Tbn and Sb.Spg 2.
Genetic variation and characterization of the sucrose synthase 2 gene (Sus2) in sugarcane based molecular markers RINA SRI KASIAMDARI; DEA FEBIANSI; HERI PRABOWO; Ganies Riza Aristya; ARNI MUSTHOFA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 11 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201101

Abstract

Abstract. Kasiamdari RS, Febiansi D, Prabowo H, Aristya GR, Musthofa A. 2019. Genetic variation and characterization of the sucrose synthase 2 gene (Sus2) in sugarcane based molecular markers. Biodiversitas 20: 3087-3096. Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) genotype is one of the sugar-producing plants and an important commodity to support the community’s economy. Plant breeders continuously cross-breed these plants to obtain cultivars with desirable traits to produce a variety of new phenotypes. An analysis of variation at gene-level is carried out as an important step in plant breeding programs. The purpose of the present study was to determine genetic variation and characterize the sucrose synthase 2 gene (Sus2) based on molecular markers. Twenty sugarcane cultivars were sampled from Indonesian Sweetener and Fiber Crops Research Institute (BALITTAS) Malang and four sugarcane cultivars from PT. Madu Baru in Polosio A Plantation, Poncosari, Srandakan, Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta. DNAs were amplified using two primer pairs, i.e. AI and SMC226CG. The genetic variations of the twenty-four sugarcane cultivars were analyzed by constructing a dendrogram of the Amplified DNA using Multi-Variate Statistical Package (MVSP) software. The results showed that there were three large clusters, namely Cluster A consisting of ‘PS 865’, ‘PS 951’, ‘PS 921’, and ‘PS 58’, with a similarity index of 57%; Cluster B consisting of the sugarcane ‘Kentung’, with a similarity index of 33%; and cluster C consisting of the sugarcane ‘PSDK 923’, ‘PSBM 901’, ‘TLH 2’, ‘BL’, ‘PSJT 941’, ‘KK’, ‘PS 80.1649’, ‘PSCO 902’, ‘PS 80,910’, ‘PS 882’, ‘PS 862’, ‘PS 851’, ‘PS 881’, ‘PS 865’, ‘PS 384’, ‘VMC 76-16’, ‘BZ 132’, ‘PS 891’, ‘PS 41’ with a similarity index of 60%. Polymorphisms occurred after the DNAs were amplified and after the bands appeared in heterozygous and homozygous individuals. In sugarcane, the Sus2 gene when detected by the molecular marker primer AI showed high-sucrose sugarcane; whereas the Sus2 gene detected by the primer SMC226CG showed low-sucrose sugarcane. Results of the present study showed that all sugarcane samples were detected as having low sucrose except Bulu Lawang and Kentung cultivars.
The bioactivity of bacterium and fungi living associate with the sponge Reniera sp. against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli AGUS TRIANTO; Nirwani Nirwani; Oktora Susanti; Diansari Siti Maesaroh; Ocky Karna Radjasa
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 8 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200827

Abstract

Abstract. Trianto A, Nirwani, Susanti O, Maesaroh D, Radjasa OK. 2019. The bioactivity of bacterium and fungi living associate with the sponge Reniera sp. against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Biodiversitas 20: 2302-2307. The study aimed to isolate and identify the sponge-associated microorganisms producing the antibacterial substances. The sponge Reniera sp. was collected by hand during skin diving in Karimunjawa Islands, Indonesia. The microbial symbionts were isolated with the dilution method and screened with the overlay method against the MDR S. aureus and E. coli. The bacterium was cultured in Zobell medium, while the fungi were cultured in malt extract broth (MEB) medium. The isolates were identified based on the molecular method. A total of 46 bacteria and 43 fungi were isolated, which 7 bacteria and 20 fungi exhibited antibacterial activity against the MDR E. coli and S. aureus strains. The molecular identification revealed that the active isolates close to Pseudoalteromonas maricaloris (99%), Aspergillus nomius (96%), Eurotium rubrum (99%), and Penicillium sp. (100%). Fractionation of K.J.16.U extract gave a fraction that active to the S. aureus and E. coli strains at concentration 150 and 15 µg disk-1. The fraction K.J.16.U.1.4.4 exhibited stronger activity than that exhibited by chloramphenicol at 150 µg disk-1. The sponge Reniera sp. collected from Karimunjawa Islands comprise bacterial and fungal isolates produced antibacterial compounds that inhibited the growth the MDR E. coli and S. aureus strains.
Genetic diversity assessment of Hemibagrus nemurus from rivers in Java Island, Indonesia using COI gene Agus Nuryanto; NUNUNG KOMALAWATI; SUGIHARTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 9 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200936

Abstract

Abstract. Nuryanto A, Komalawati N, Sugiharto. 2019. Genetic diversity assessment of Hemibagrus nemurus from rivers in Java Island, Indonesia using COI gene. Biodiversitas 20: 2707-2717. Green catfish (Hemibagrus nemurus) is a popular freshwater fish that highly exploited in almost all the rivers in Java Island. The exploited population tends to have low genetic diversity. Meanwhile, separated populations might lead to a genetic difference among the river populations. This study aims to investigate the genetic diversity and population variation of H. nemurus collected at eleven rivers across Java Island. The analysis based on 465 bp fragment of the cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene from 140 individuals. Analysis of overall populations proved that H. nemurus had a high gene diversity (h= 0.935±0.016) and nucleotide diversity (? = 0.073±0.036). Within population analysis also showed that H. nemurus populations showed high levels of gene diversity (h= 0.338±0.128 to 1.000±0.022) and nucleotide diversity (? =0.001±0.001 to 0.071±0.038). Those diversity values indicated that H. nemurus had high level of genetic diversity, except for the Citanduy population. Population comparison showed that significant genetic differences observed among populations (p= 0.000 for both variance component and Fst-value). However, pairwise comparison analysis indicated complex pattern of population differentiation. The high genetic diversity and complex pattern of population differentiation have important implication for H. nemurus conservation in Java Island.
Inventory and exploration of orchid in Polewali Mandar, West Sulawesi, Indonesia DWI MURTI PUSPITANINGTYAS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 7 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200714

Abstract

Sulawesi is the fourth largest island in Indonesia. Sulawesi is also a very unique island, possessing a very high biodiversity due to the location  on the Wallacea area, and constituting  mixing plants from Asia and Australia.  An inventory and exploration of orchid in Polewali Mandar Regency was conducted from  25 May to 13 June 2014 to determine and assess the orchid diversity in the area.   Orchid specimens were recorded and collected using a purposive random sampling method. A total of 60 accession numbers were collected in the study  area. These collections represent 22 genera and 51 species, consists of 41 epiphyte orchids species and 10 terrestrial orchids species.  Some species are wide distribute in Indonesia, few of them are only found in eastern part of Indonesia such as Wallacea region, and are even endemic to Sulawesi.  Luisia celebica Schltr. and Micropera sterrophylla (Schltr.) Garay are noted as endemic orchid to Sulawesi.  While Dendrobium bicaudatum Reinw. ex Lindl., Habenaria beccarii Schltr., Malaxis trigonopetala (J.J.Sm.) S.Thomas, Schuit. & de Vogel and Pinalia quinquangularis (J.J.Sm.) Ormerod are endemic to the Wallacea region mainly in Sulawesi and Moluccas. Among those  orchids found in the study, Dendrobium clavator  Ridl.,  Pinalia quinquangularis (J.J.Sm.) Ormerod, and Pinalia xanthocheila (Ridl.) W.Suarez & Cootes  are noted as new records in Sulawesi.  Many new records of orchids are still to be expected from Sulawesi.
Coexistence effect of rotifer, Brachionus rotundiformis and copepod, Oithona similis in culture media on growth performance and eggs production Suminto Suminto; Diana Chilmawati
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 8 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200838

Abstract

Abstract. Suminto, Chilmawati D. 2019. Coexistence effect of rotifer, Brachionus rotundiformis and copepod, Oithona similis in culture media on growth performance and eggs production. Biodiversitas 20: 2396-2402. The effect of Brachionus rotundiformis, and Oithonasimilis coexistence in culture media on the growth performance and egg production were examined and it aims to know the best coexistence percentage which provides the highest growth performance and egg production of O. similis and B. rotundiformis. Experiment method was carried out in this research by using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments were percentage through mix culture ratio of O.similis. and B. rotundiformis whereas those treatments were with ratio of 100% and 0% (A); 90% and 10% (B); 80% and 20% (C); 70% and 30% (D); and 60% and 40% (E), respectively. The results showed that, B. rotundiformis had a significant effect (p <0.05) on final density, population growth rate and eggs production of Oithona sp.; coexistence of 60% Oithona sp. and 40% B. rotundiformis provides the best final density for Oithona sp. (27.40±0.34 ind./ml) and B. rotundiformis (30.23±0.21 ind./ml); the highest population growth rate of Oithona sp. (0.29±0.02 ind./day) and B. rotundiformis (0.36±0.03 ind./day); and the highest egg production of Oithona sp. (18.83±0.76 eggs/ind) and B. rotundiformis (3.30±0.24 eggs/ind.). However, the mix culture of O.similis. and B. Rotundiformis may be applied in co-existent semi-mass or mass culture.
Physiological responses of four soybean varieties and their effect to the yield in several saturated soil culture modification Toyip; MUNIF GHULAMAHDI; DIDY SOPANDIE; SANDRA A AZIZ; ATANG SUTANDI; M. YANUAR J. PURWANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 8 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200822

Abstract

Abstract. Toyip, Ghulamahdi M, Sopandie D, Aziz SA, Sutandi A, Purwanto MYJ. 2019. Physiological responses of four soybean varieties and their effect to the yield in several saturated soil culture modification. Biodiversitas 20: 2266-2272. This study aimed to evaluate the production and physiological response of four soybean varieties in saturated soil culture (SSC), compared to conventional dry culture on tidal swamp soil growing media. Four popular varieties in Indonesia, namely Anjasmoro, Grobogan, Tanggamus and Malika, were planted on undisturbed intact tidal swamp soil from Jambi from November 2016 to March 2017 at Bogor. Randomized completely block design with two factors applied in this work, i.e. 4 varieties namely Anjasmoro, Grobogan, Tanggamus and Malika; and 9 culture methods such as dry culture as control of no SSC (i), 1 months SSC (ii), 1.5 months SSC (iii), 2 months SSC (iv), continuous SSC (v), 1 months SSC with water improvement (vi), 1.5 months SSC with water improvement (vii), 2 months SSC with water improvement (viii), and continuous SSC with water improvement (ix). The results showed that (i) pod production per plant was significantly affected by the interaction of both factors; (ii) different varieties lead to significant different of physiological response, i.e. photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency; (iii) the variation of culture methods only showed a significant effect on photosynthetic rate, i.e. saturated soil culture with water improvement (SSC WI) showed 48% and 18% higher photosynthetic rate than dry culture and regular SSC methods, respectively. Pod production was positively correlated to photosynthetic rates and water use efficiency; and negatively correlated to transpiration and stomatal conductance. The highest number of pod production per plant was achieved by Malika variety that planted in 2 months SSC WI.
Evidence of pollen features and peroxidase isozymes in their morphological complexity of ten local cultivars of sweet potato from Indonesia Suranto Suranto; DWI WAHYUNI; EDY PURWANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 9 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200912

Abstract

Abstract. Suranto, Wahyuni D, Edy Purwanto E. 2019. Evidence of pollen features and peroxidase isozymes in their morphological complexity of ten local cultivars of sweet potato from Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2511-2518. Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas Lam) has been recorded to have many cultivars and variations in the morphological characters not only for the leaves but also for the tubers. Sweet potatoes had economically significant role, especially as an additional food due to its high content of carbohydrate and other nutrient values. In order to test whether the morphological variation in this species was also expressed at the micro character; such as pollen morphology and enzyme activity, ten sweet potato cultivars were used in this study. The morphological characters such as shape and structure of the pollen features were examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Accordingly, Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE) was used to look-at the banding pattern of peroxidase isozymes. Morphological characters of leaves, flowers, and tuber were observed qualitatively both for the typical shape and colors. More detail of flower shapes was drown manually especially their petal edges. The results showed that there was variation among the ten sweet potato cultivars confirmed not only on their morphological characters but also the isozyme banding patterns of ten cultivars tested. At least, two cultivar Antin 3 and Papua Solossa had uniques characters especially the purple stem and yellow tuber and dark skin on the tuber, respectively. In addition, the structural analysis of pollen showed that Beta 1 cultivar has very large pollen; 116,50 ?m (axis polar) and the contour surface of exine pollen was concave with the aperture shape and ornamentation were prolate spheroidal and echinate respectively. This unique character was also shown by its peroxidase isozyme bands. Eleven bands of leaf and 13 bands of stem samples were detected respectively. The typical Rf values of 0.31, 0.48 and 0.41 were detected for the leaf, while for stem samples were 0.14, 0.20 and 0.26. The Beta 1 cultivar showed very thick bands in between Rf values of 0.13 and 0.26. Meanwhile, the unique band pattern of Papua Salosa was the absence of band at 0.38.
Antibacterial potential of nudibranch-associated bacteria from Saparua and Nusa Laut Islands, Indonesia RHESI KRISTIANA; MADA TRIANDALA SIBERO; MACELLYNE YOHANNA FARISA; DIAH AYUNINGRUM; DIO DIRGANTARA; MUHAMMAD HANAFI; OCKY KARNA RADJASA; AGUS SABDONO; AGUS TRIANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 7 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200704

Abstract

Abstract. Kristiana R, Sibero MT, Farisa MY, Ayuningrum D, Dirgantara D, Hanafi M, Radjasa OK, Sabdono A, Trianto A. 2019. Antibacterial potential of nudibranch-associated bacteria from Saparua and Nusa Laut Islands, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1811-1819. Infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria are the international health issue that triggers the urgency of finding new antibacterial agents. The aim of this study was to obtain the nudibranchs-associated bacteria that have bioactivity against multidrug-resistant bacteria. A total of 13 species of nudibranch were identified based on morphological characterization. Overlay methods were used for the screening of the isolates bioactivity against six pathogenic multidrug-resistant bacteria. The Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) of the crude extract was evaluated against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Micrococcus luteus, and Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases E. coli (ESBL) using MTT method. A total of 145 isolates were obtained which eleven of the isolates showed antibacterial activity against the pathogenic bacteria. The MIC tests showed that the best acivity was isolate SM-S-9-15 and SM-N-3-7. The methanolic extract of isolate SM-S-9-15 active to all of the pathogenic bacteria, while the ethyl acetate extract of the isolate SM-N-3-7 active to the E. coli, B. subtilis, K. pneumonia at the concentration of 500 mg/mL. According to 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence-based identification, all active isolates belong to Virgibacillus marismortui, V. dokdonensis, Bacillus kochii, Vibrio algynoliticus, and Pseudoalteromonas piscicida.

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