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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
 152   153   154   155   156 
Hobby and business on trading birds: Case study in bird market of Sukahaji, Bandung, West Java and Splendid, Malang, East Java (Indonesia) BUDIAWATI S ISKANDAR; JOHAN ISKANDAR; RUHYAT PARTASASMITA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200522

Abstract

Abstract. Iskandar BS, Iskandar J, Partasasmita R. 2019. Hobby and business on trading birds: Case study in bird market of Sukahaji, Bandung, West Java and Splendid, Malang, East Java (Indonesia). Biodiversitas 20: 1316-1332. Bird species have various ecological and socio-economic-cultural functions for the human being. Ecologically, birds have beneficial functions in the ecosystem, such as helping plant pollinators, spreading plant seeds, participating in controlling agricultural pests, and monitoring environmental changes. Meanwhile, bird functions for the social-economic and culture of the community among them are known as sources of protein food, mystical functions, sources of material stories, sources of inspiration to make songs, craft materials, the source of gene pool, and become pets and trade animals. With the rise of the urban population hobby of raising birds and also the development of various bird contest activities in the urban, causing of the bird trade is very widespread in urban areas, such as in bird markets. In some cities in Indonesia, various bird markets have been popularly known for a long time. This study aimed to elucidate species diversity, folk classification, bird populations, bird prices, constraints to bird trade, and the positive and negative effects of bird trade in the urban bird market. The research method used a mixture of qualitative and quantitative methods with the ethnoecological approach. The results of this study showed that from a survey of 60 bird traders in the bird market of Sukahaji, Bandung, and Splendid, Malang, a total of 160 bird species, representing 38 families were documented. Among them, 10 species representing 7 families recorded as protected bird by law in Indonesia, based on recent government regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry of Republic of Indonesian No.106/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/12/2018. A total of 2,950 individuals were recorded in Sukahaji; while in Splendid were recorded 3,558 individuals. Prices of birds that are traded varied greatly depending on the species and characteristics of birds. It has been revealed that bird trade in the bird market has been various economic benefits for many people. However, due to the bird trade in bird markets in the city which has not been properly managed, the sustainability system of the bird trade in the city is very alarming caused of many factors, including decreasing of bird population over time in rural ecosystem as main supply of urban bird trading in the bird markets. Therefore, bird trading in the bird markets must be properly managed based on the sustainable development program concept, namely pro-economic, pro-social, and pro-environment.
Epistatic gene control on the yield of tomato at medium elevation in the tropical agroecosystem FAJAR PRAKOSO MAWASID; MUHAMAD SYUKUR; TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 7 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200713

Abstract

Abstract. Mawasid FP, Syukur M, Trikoesoemaningtyas. 2019. Epistatic gene control on the yield of tomato at medium elevation in the tropical agroecosystem. Biodiversitas 20: 1880-1886. Cultivation of tomatoes on the middle-low plain generally decreases the quantity and quality of the yield due to high-temperature stress. Increasing the size and weight of lowland tomatoes is needed to enhance national production. Information on the action and genetic model of target characters is needed in the preparation of the assembly program, especially for selection needs. This study aims to obtain genetic information and heritability of tomato yield characters, as a basis for assembling large tomato varieties for the lowlands. The study was conducted using six populations (P1, P2, F1, BCP1, BCP2, and F2) resulting from two different crosses of 99D x Tora (C-I) and 97D x Tora (C-II). The results show that the action of non-additive genes and non-allelic interactions has a large value, with duplicate epistasis being more dominant than complementary epistasis. Duplicate epistasis was found in the character of harvest time, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit weight in cross I and flowering time, harvest time, fruit length, fruit diameter, and number of fruits in cross II, while complementary epistasis was found in flowering time, fruit weight per plant, number of fruits in cross I, and fruit weight, fruit weight per plant in cross II. Moderate to high heritability was found in the character of fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit weight, and fruit weight per plant. The values are higher in population from the cross I (99D x Tora) for each character, indicating that the cross I has a higher potential for genetic progress than cross II. Selection is recommended when the homozygosity has increased, using the Bulk method or Single Seed Decent. The two methods above can maintain variability in the next generation, so epistasis genes that control target characters are not drastically eliminated.
Short Communication: DNA extraction from stored wood of Falcataria moluccana suitable for barcoding analysis HASYYATI SHABRINA; ULFAH J SIREGAR; DEDEN D MATRA; KOICHI KAMIYA; ISKANDAR Z SIREGAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 6 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200635

Abstract

Abstract. Shabrina H, Siregar UJ, Matra DD, Kamiya D, Siregar IZ. 2019. Short Communication: DNA extraction from stored wood of Falcataria moluccana suitable for barcoding analysis. Biodiversitas 20: 1748-1752. Sengon or Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes is the main crop in community tree plantations in Java, Indonesia, favored because of its fast-growing property and the promising economic return. The wood itself is mostly used for light construction, furniture, plywood, packing materials, and recently as feedstock for bioenergy. Sometimes the wood is used as DNA source for example in the wood identification analysis. However, extracting DNA from woods is considered difficult due particularly to very small quantities of DNA. The objective of this research was to optimize and modify the common CTAB protocols to extract DNA from Sengon wood without liquid nitrogen which sometimes unavailable in some laboratories. The extracted DNA was quantified with nanophotometer and gel visualization and amplified with primer coding psbA-trnH intergenic spacer for testing. The highest concentration of DNA extracted was from 100 mg of wood stored for 24 hours in -30 °C (257.80 ng/µL or 14.18 µg in total) and even the lowest concentration produced by this method able to produce sufficient amount of PCR product for sequencing. Compared with results from 200 mg samples and longer freezing time (72 hours) and extraction using liquid nitrogen, this method considered gave the best results.
Searching for potential wood biomass for green energy feedstock: A study in tropical swamp-peat forest of Kutai Kertanegara, Indonesia RUDIANTO AMIRTA; MUHAMMAD TAUFIQ HAQIQI; SAPARWADI SAPARWADI; ELIS SEPTIA; DEWI MUJIASIH; KRISNA ADIB SETIAWAN; MUHAMMAD AFIF SEKEDANG; YULIANSYAH YULIANSYAH; AKHMAD WIJAYA; BUDHI SETIYONO; WIWIN SUWINARTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 6 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200605

Abstract

Abstract. Amirta R, Haqiqi MT, Saparwadi, Septia E, Mujiasih D, Setiawan KA, Sekedang MA, Yuliansyah, Wijaya A, Setiyono B, Suwinarti W. 2019. Searching for potential wood biomass for green energy feedstock: A study in tropical swamp-peat forest of Kutai Kertanegara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1516-1523. Recently, much attention has been focused on finding suitable plant species, from different forest ecosystems, having the potential to be used as sources of renewable energy. Most of such information was reported from the lowland forest area and only limited information is available regarding swamp-peat forest species, including their energy potency. Therefore, in this paper, plant diversity and energy potency of swamp-peat forest wood biomass were studied to reveal their potential as green energy feedstock. Physico-chemical characterization of wood biomass was performed using the American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM) protocols. Twenty-seven species of plants, consisting of 23 trees and 4 shrubs, belonging to 19 families were identified, amongst which Shorea balangeran had the highest importance value index (87.72%). The results showed that T. obovata exhibit the highest suitability to be used as energy feedstock indicated by the highest energy production of 4.60 MWh per ton of dry biomass, followed by L. indica (4.56 MWh/ton), D. excelsa (5.52 MWh/ton), F. rukam (4.20 MWh/ton), P. galeata (3.66 MWh/ton), S. caudatilimbum (3.61 MWh/ton), A. elmeri (3.59 MWh/ton), G. nervosa (3.49 MWh/ton) and G. bancana (3.42 MWh/ton). The high density of wood species correlated with the high value of energy potency. In contrast, the fast-growing tree and shrub species, such as K. hospita (1.76 MWh/ton), C. odorata (1.36 MWh/ton) and O. sumatrana (1.17 MWh/ton), showed lower energy potency. The most dominant plant species, S. balangeran gave only 2.96 MWh energy per ton of dry biomass and it was classified in the middle group of plant species suitable as green energy feedstock, along with other species, such as C. brachiata, C. rotundatus, P. javanicum, V. umbonata, L. speciosa, V. pinnata, and A. longifolius. Due to suitable energy properties, growth rate and also adaptability of this woody biomass, they can be exploited to support sustainable supply of biomass feedstock for the green electricity program in the study area.
Isolation and partial characterization of alginate extracted from Sargassum polycystum collected from three habitats in Banten, Indonesia NIKEN DHARMAYANTI; JATNA SUPRIATNA; ABINAWANTO ABINAWANTO; YASMAN YASMAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 6 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200640

Abstract

Abstract. Dharmayanti N, Supriatna J, Abinawanto, Yasman. 2019. Isolation and partial characterization of Alginate from Sargassum polycystum of Banten, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1776-1785. The utilization of Sargassum polycystum as an alternative alginate source may reduce the dependence on alginate import as currently alginate demands in Indonesia are 100% supplied from overseas. The purpose of this study was to characterize alginate extracted from Sargassum polycystum obtained from three locations with different ecological characteristics. Isolation of alginate was conducted through partial hydrolysis to separate guluronic acid and mannuronic acid followed by freeze-drying and then the parameters were measured qualitatively and quantitatively using FTIR. The results showed that alginate extracted from Sargassum polycystum collected from Lima Island, Ujung Kulon and Binuangeun were 11.48%, 18.62%, and 5.75%, respectively with the viscosity were 35 cP, 62.50 cP, and 81.33 cP, respectively. The test result of partial hydrolysis of alginate showed that guluronic block (GG) in the alginate polymer of Lima Island, Ujung Kulon and Binuangeun were 67.60%, 59.00%, and 41.40%, respectively. These relate to the nature of the gel formed. The alginate from Lima Island tends to be more rigid and less flexible than that from Ujung Kulon and Binuangeun. The findings of this study suggest that there are differences in the concentration of the components of mannuronate and guluronate of Sargassum polycystum across different locations in Banten, Indonesia.
Rangeland conversion to dryland and its effects on species diversity and richness REZA Hasanpori; ADEL Sepehry; HOSSEIN Barani
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 7 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200734

Abstract

Abstract. Hasanpori R, Sepehry A, Barani H. 2019. Rangeland conversion to dryland and its effects on species diversity and richness. Biodiversitas 20: 2043-2047.  Species diversity and richness status in ecosystem is important in confront to environmental threats and is guidance in plant management. Due to increasing land use changes and destruction of rangelands in western Iran, this research was conducted to study the effects of land use change from rangeland to dryland on species diversity and richness of vegetation cover in three land uses of rangeland, dryland and abandoned dryland. Vegetation cover data were collected from established plots in each land use. Species diversity and richness were calculated in each land use by Simpson and Shannon indices and Menhinick and Margalef ones, respectively. Results showed that these indices are significantly different at 95% level in three land uses. The highest species diversity and richness indices were in rangeland and the least were in dryland. So, we found that four above measured indices, are illustrative and accurate enough to demonstrate differences between several land-use diversity and richness. Simplification on a dynamic and diverse ecosystem, and land conversion to dryland reduced plant species numbers in the new ecosystem, and simplify species composition, so simple dryland ecosystem would be fragile against environmental threats. Therefore to reduce unfavorable effects of land use changing, paying more attention to species diversity conservation must be a base to management decisions.
Short Communication: Species diversity of corticolous lichens in the arboretum of Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, Indonesia JOKO KUSMORO; BETTY MAYAWATIE; RULLY BUDIONO; IIN SUPARTINAH NOER; RIRIN EKA PERMATASARI; ALISA NURWAHIDAH; RIKA SATRIAWATI; DIAH ARUM; DORA ERAWATI SARAGIH; RIA WIDYA; MUHAMAD FEISAL JATNIKA; AFIF MAKARIM; RUHYAT PARTASASMITA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 6 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200617

Abstract

Abstract. Kusmoro J, Mayawatie B, Budiono R, Noer IS, Permatasari RE, Nurwahidah A, Satriawati R, Arum D, Saragih DE, Widya R, Jatnika MF, Makarim A, Partasasmita R. 2019. Short Communication: Species diversity of corticolous lichens in the arboretum of Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1606-1616. The lichen flora of tropical areas is still much under explored, Java in general and the Arboretum in West Java in particular, are no exceptions. The Arboretum of the main campus of Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia is representative of a typical man-made lowland tropical rain forest ecosystem in Java. It is planted with peculiar and rare species of plants, such as Antidesma bunius, Syzygium cumini, Durio zibethinus, Caesalpinia pulcherrima, Tectona grandis, Albizzia falcataria, Swietenia mahagoni, Alstonia scholaris, Jatropha multifida, Sterculia foetida, Diospyrus blancoi, Hura crepitans and Rauvolfia serpentina. We explored the lichen flora of this Arboretum using species of corticolous macrolichens as indicator taxa. Lichen survey was performed by exploring the different zones, such as zones for rare species, industrial plants, medicinal plants and fruit plants. Lichen diversity on 23 trees spread in 12 ha area was documented based on morphological and anatomical features, and also chemical tests. A total of 68 species of lichens, distributed in 38 genera and 12 families, were enumerated during the study. The crustose and foliose forms contributed 62% (42 species) and 37% (25 species) of the total species, respectively. Graphidaceae with 28 species and Parmeliaceae with 15 species were the dominant families, which together constituted more than 50% of the lichen populations. Graphis librata and Parmeliopsis sp. were the dominant and co-dominant species and Drinaria picta was another common species.
The DNA barcode of red fruit pandan (Pandanaceae) cultivar from Wamena, Papua Province, Indonesia based on matK gene LISYE IRIANA ZEBUA; TRI GUNAEDI; I MADE BUDI; NELLY LUNGA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 11 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201138

Abstract

Abstract. Zebua LI, Gunaedi T, Budi IM, Lunga N. 2019. The DNA barcode of red fruit pandan (Pandanaceae) cultivar from Wamena, Papua Province, Indonesia based on matK gene. Biodiversitas 20: 3405-3412. The red fruit pandan has been used by the people of Wamena in central highlands of Papua as medicinal plants, food ingredients, and religious ceremonies. Based on morphological characters, there are 39 cultivars of red fruit pandan in New Guinea. A standard method for plant species identification through DNA barcodes has been recommended to use matK gene. The research aimed to determine similarities in DNA barcode sequences of six red fruit pandan cultivars with its close relative that listed in NCBI system and to recommend the reliable DNA barcode for identification of this cultivar. Polymerase Chain Reaction was employed DNA to amplify matK gene fragments using an available forward primer (5’CGA TCT ATT CAT TCA ATA TTT C 3’) and reverse primer (5’TCT AGC ACA CGA AAGTCG AAG T 3’). The software BLAST, Bioedit, and ClustalX were used to analyze the data. Barcode DNA of red fruit pandan showed 1474 bp nucleotides sequence based on matK gene. An indication of six red fruit pandan cultivars showed that high similarity 99% with Pandanus conoideus Lam. It can be concluded that matK gene can be used to determine the species level in Pandanus.
Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of exopolysaccharide-producing fungi as a source of food additives Robby Akroman; NURHAYATI NURHAYATI; SONY SUWASONO; JAY JAYUS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 9 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200906

Abstract

Abstract. Akroman R, Nurhayati N, Suwasono S, Jayus J. 2019. Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of exopolysaccharide-producing fungi as a source of food additives. Biodiversitas 20: 2468-2474. As the demand for materials suitable for edible film in food processing is increasing, the exploration of exopolysaccharide (EPS) producing fungi is important. Some fungi had been reported to produce extracellular polysaccharide having rheological properties potential as thickener and or plasticizer useful for edible film raw material. Therefore, this study was focused on isolation and identification of EPS-producing fungi from the plantation area surrounding the University of Jember, Indonesia. The fungal isolate obtained was morphologically identified based on mycelia and spore type, while its genotype was determined using ITS1 and ITS4 primers. The optimum initial culture pH for EPS production was measured using shake flask culture fermentation. The rheological properties of the EPS were determined using Brookfield viscometer, and surface structure of EPS was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The result showed that the mycelium of the isolate was reddish-brown and septated, its spores were formed as conidiospores. Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) sequence of the fungus showed that the isolate is a new species. Therefore, it was designated as C. lunata isolate RJ01. Optimum initial pH for EPS production was pH 6.0, achieved after 5 days fermentation yielded 2.6 g L-1 of EPS. The EPS from C. lunata isolate RJ01 have no cytotoxic activity on vero cell. The rheological behaviour of C. lunata EPS was viscous, and its surface structure of EPS was compact indicating its potency as thickening agent and plasticizer, a material required for edible film formation in food industries.
Interaction of Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln genotypes with the risk of radiation on cancer patients HARRY NUGROHO EKO SURNIYANTORO; NASTITI RAHAJENG; YANTI LUSIYANTI; TUR RAHARDJO; DYAH ERAWATI; LINA CHORIDAH; WIGATI DHAMIYATI; SRI RETNA DWIDANARTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 8 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200805

Abstract

Abstract. Surniyantoro HNE, Rahajeng N, Lusiyanti Y, Rahardjo T, Erawati D, Choridah L, Dhamiyati W, Dwidanarti SR. 2019. Interaction of Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln genotypes with the risk of radiation on cancer patients. Biodiversitas 20: 2128-2133. Two of the common single-nucleotide polymorphisms are X-ray repair cross-complementary group 1 on exon 6 (Arg194Trp) and exon 10 (Arg399Gln). The purpose of this study was to determine the interactions between Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln genotypes combination with the risk of radiation on cancer patients in Indonesia, linked to micronuclei frequency as a biomarker of DNA damage. This study consisted of 19 patients with various cancer as the case group and 37 non-cancer participants as the control group. The determination of Arg149Trp and Arg399Gln alleles were performed using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism. Micronuclei assay was performed using Cytokinesis-block micronuclei cytome assay. The results of our study showed that micronuclei frequency was very significantly higher in the cancer patients compared to controls (111.16 ± 76.24 versus 16.89 ± 9.72, p<0.0001). Patients with heterozygous mutant genotypes CT had a lower frequency of micronuclei than patients with normal CC genotypes (105.6 ± 80.97 versus 117.33 ± 74.97). Likewise, patients with mutant genotype AA had a lower frequency of micronuclei than patients with normal GG genotype (64 versus 129.71 ± 90.68). The genetic polymorphisms of Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln demonstrated an association with the level of DNA damage on cancer patients.

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